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Desafios e possibilidades do Pibid : uma análise das práticas docentes em educação ambiental de educadoras/es em formação inicial dos cursos de biologia e de educação física da Unesp de Rio Claro
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-03-22) Tibúrcio, Gabriela Santos; Logarezzi, Amadeu José Montagnini; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6153358744019882; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0605511464034443
The central aim of this research was contribute to the construction of knowledge about teaching practices used by a group associated to the Institutional Program of Teaching Initiation Scholarship (Pibid) of the Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho" (Unesp). In order to evidence real and viable conditions for the elaboration and execution of environmental education practices and interdisciplinarity by basic schools’ teachers we sought to approach them to the realities of the public school. The research included the participation of undergraduate students of biological sciences course (former scholar of the program), and an elementary school science teacher. The research has been developed from the communicative-critical methodology guidelines. In the first article, as collection procedure, we analyze documents with specific aim of reflect about the current conjuncture of teachers training in Brazil. These documents were: reports issued by Capes, the subproject notice of Pibid group in question and documents produced by the group throughout the realization of the projects. In other articles, were conducted communicative discussion groups, based on the intersubjectivity arising from the collective reflection of the participating people as collective procedure. The analysis of the research sought to identify potentially transformative elements and potentially barriers’ elements to the themes of research – interdisciplinarity (article 2), environmental education (article 3) and teachers training (article 4) – in order to understand limits and possibilities of each one of them in the context of Brazilian public school. As main results, we identified real and viable possibilities of interdisciplinary practices and environmental education practices, in a critical perspective, in the scholar context from the articulation between initial and continuing teachers training, in a proposal for collective work. Moreover, the results showed the importance of work in this perspective throughout the formative process of teachers and, accordingly, we consider the Pibid as highly relevant program for critical teachers training and, in this direction, we emphasize the importance of the fight for public policies that enhance the teaching career.
Gestão de portfólio de projetos tecnológicos : o caso das instituições brasileiras públicas de pesquisa
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-03-22) Pinheiro, Rafael Sanaiotte; Batalha, Mario Otávio; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1015001063418091; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3068545049049467
Institutions are still looking for effective and efficient practices of their portfolio project management (PPM). Similarly, public research laboratories (PRL) are also pursuing this practice. However, these have organizational and institutional factors that differentiate them from private companies. In this way, through a literature review and case studies, developed a theoretical framework to identify and represent the organizational and institutional influence factors in practices and processes of PPM inside Brazilian public research institutions. Based on the five cases realized (a University, an institution with ties to state-owned company and three research institutions linked to Brazilian Government ministries) was able to evaluate the five factors: organizational aspects, institutional environment, identification, selection and priorization of opportunities, administration of resources and development of partnerships. It could be listed as findings of this thesis: the low adoption of PPM practices in national research institutions, the influence of public policy in the development of research activities of these institutions, and the need for a better development of managerial practices of administrative activities. Only two institutions studied have structured procedures to select, prioritize, track and monitor their projects portfolios.
Novas sensibilidades culturais, novos mercados: representações sobre idosos na imprensa de negócios brasileira
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-03-22) Soulé, Fernanda Veríssimo; Grün, Roberto; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6028266827740491; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0360393792578550
The aim of this study was to analyze the concepts of old age that have been spread by the economics and business media in the context of increasing longevity of the Brazilian population. The analysis of the production of cultural frames regarding age reveals that a notion generally taken as purely natural is actually a historical and social construction. Shifts in cultural perceptions of age have changed the economic space and also contributed to the diffusion of new understandings about it. Drawing on the Reflexive Sociology of Bourdieu and taking as references works of Economic Sociology, Sociology of Generations, Gerontology and Anthropology of Aging, the economic sphere and the markets were taken as social constructions. The statements produced by the magazines Exame and Pequenas Empresas Grandes Negócios (Small Companies, Big Businesses - PEGN) between 1990 and 2014 were analyzed based on the content analysis technique proposed by Bardin (1979). Old age represented in these magazines intend to sensitize two specific economic characters: the executive, in the case of Exame, and small business owners in the case of PEGN. In this sense, it was revealed the themes, terms, ideas, markets, organizations, people, authors, among other issues, to which they appealed to trigger identities associated with old age in their audience. First, each magazine was analyzed individually and then in a more aggregated way. Four ideas dominate the media space analyzed: planning for retirement; the domination of the economic logic to think about old age; the aging population and its macro and micro-economic impacts and; aspects related to boundaries and generational disputes. In general, publications analyzed alternate between the micro level, where each individual is responsible for his old age, and the macro level, dealing with the State and demographic changes. Old age is proposed as a privileged moment of fulfillment of dreams postponed during other phases of life. This emerging notion clashes with other more negative, that consider old age as a source of misery or expense, creating barriers to its reframing. Besides, the representations of generational issue turn out to be limited by orthodoxy, as in the case of the pension systems for retirement, in which it is reinforced the capitalization logic rather than the pay-as-you-go one. These ideas promote an individualized conception of old age instead of proposals that evoke an intergenerational solidarity.
Estudo da resistência à fadiga da liga Ti-6Al-4V com superfície modificada por tratamento químico
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-03-22) Escobar Claros, Cesar Adolfo; Oliveira, Diego Pedreira de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8388790875028551; Bolfarini, Claudemiro; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9231627080617037; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6878156171817208
Chemical surface treatments (CST) in cementless and endosseous implants are used to increase the implant-bone contact area, reducing the period of osseointegration and favouring bonding ability between implants and bone. However, surface modifications can affect the fatigue strength of these materials, especially the fatigue crack nucleation. For these reasons, this work evaluated the influence of the surface modification using acid etching, combined with alkaline treatment on the fatigue strength of Ti-6Al-4V ELI alloy. The topography developed by chemical surface treatments was examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). Increased roughness and the effective surface area were investigated and compared with the Ti-6Al-4V samples without modification. Surface composition was analyzed by energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). Axial fatigue resistances of polished and modified surfaces were determined by stepwise load increase tests and staircase test method. Finally, SEM was employed to examine the fracture surface of the tested specimens. According to the results, it was observed a similar fatigue behavior of the chemically treated Ti-6Al-4V alloy compared to the samples without treatment.
Efeitos do treinamento físico combinado no desempenho cardiovascular e metabólico em indivíduos diabéticos – ensaio clínico randomizado e controlado
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-03-22) Bassi-Dibai, Daniela; Silva, Audrey Borghi; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4855616925791895; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0861598490954598
The thesis consists of three studies described below. Study I, entitled: Poor glycemic control impacts the linear dynamic and nonlinear heart rate in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) whose objective was to evaluate the relationship between glycemic control and cardiac autonomic modulation in patients with T2DM without autonomic neuropathy cardiovascular. This is a descriptive, prospective and cross-sectional study. The resting heart rate (HR) and RR interval (RR intervals) were obtained and calculated by linear methods and nonlinear heart rate variability (HRV). Insulin, HOMA-IR, fasting glucose and HbA1c were obtained by blood tests. We concluded that the poor glycemic control associated with cardiac autonomic modulation indices in patients with type 2 diabetes, though not exhibit cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy. Following the Study II, entitled Type 2 diabetes coexistence of effects and systemic hypertension (SH) in HRV and cardiorespiratory performance, which aimed to evaluate the influence of hypertension in cardiac autonomic neuropathy and cardiorespiratory fitness in subjects with diabetes mellitus type 2. The evaluation included collection of iRR for further analysis of HRV, it was collected in the supine position followed by incremental cardiopulmonary exercise test (ICET) on a cycle ergometer. The results revealed a greater loss of HRV when there is overlapping of diseases. Additionally, there was an association of responses affected HRV with cardiopulmonary function markers impaired to exercise. Finally, the Study III, entitled: Potential effects on cardiorespiratory and metabolic status after a physical aerobic concurrent training program and has resisted in diabetic volunteers - Randomized Study and controlled. The objective was to evaluate metabolic profile, glycemic control and exercise capacity in diabetic volunteers after participating in an aerobic and resistance concurrent training program (AR-CT) for a period of three months. The evaluation included the ICET the cycle ergometer and 1-RM tests. Ventilation, hemodynamic measurements were performed during the ICET and peripheral muscle strength by isokinetic dynamometer. The program consisted of 30 minutes of aerobic exercise and 30 minutes of resistance exercise of upper and lower limbs. The results showed an improvement in glycemic control and lipid profile in addition to increased peripheral muscle strength and exercise capacity. These data together suggest that the exercise program constitutes an important strategy in the treatment of type 2 diabetes, producing both physiological and functional improvements in this population.