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Caracterização analítica de rochas silicatadas e avaliação de seu potencial agrícola como fonte de potássio
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-04-19) Penha, Maria da Natividade Chagas; Nogueira, Ana Rita de Araújo; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7034773971317045; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3058538599121106
This study evaluated the agronomic efficiency of application of powder of silicate rocks as potassium sources in consecutive crops of millet and alfalfa in a greenhouse experiment. The rocks Biotite Schist (BX), Syenite Ceraima (TA15), Mafurito Acreuna (TA21), Syenite SANW (TA20), Biotite Gneiss (EL02), and Phonolite Curimbaba (FN) were applied as slowreleased potassium sources in three doses 1.25; 2.50; and 5.0 g kg-1 of ground rock. Potassium chloride was used as standard fertilizer in doses of 0.10; 0,20; and 0.40 g of KCl kg-1 of soil. The soil used in the experiments was a Latosol, with 1.2 mmol dm-3 of potassium content. The TA21 rock was tested with and without soil acidity correction (TA21WL). In order to evaluate the rocks K reliase, five consecutive crops were performed: (1) millet (62 days of planting); (2), (3) and (4) Alfalfa (80, 115 and 155 days of planting, respectively), and (5) with 80 days of planting. The dry matter yield in the alfalfa was significantly lower than that millet cultivation. The forage samples were HNO3 + H2O2 microwave assisted digested for K determining content. The samples of rocks were characterized by X-ray fluorescence, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and particle size distribution. Afterward, extraction experiments with Mehlich 1, and different extraction times of acetic acid and fumaric acid 0.05mol L-1 were performed. Aluminium, Ca, K, Mg, Mn, Na, P, and Zn were quantified by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP OES) in all the obtained extracts. The method of ion exchange resin was also applied to evaluated the rocks, and K, Ca, Mg, and P were quantified. Potassium soluble was determined by flame photometry after extraction with hot water, according to with the Brazilian Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Supply (MAPA) official method. For drastic extraction, two microwave assisted decomposition methods were evaluated: aqua regia and reversed aqua regia with H2O2. Aluminiun, Ca, K, Mg, Mn, Na, and Zn were quantified by ICP OES and the results, compared by using the paired t-test, presented no significant difference between the decomposition methods in the 95% range of confidence. The correlation between the extractors, the nutrients plants amount, and agronomic efficiency was evaluated from the extraction obtained concentrations and the amount of extracted potassium in crops. The use of lime in soils that received the addition of TA21 rock significantly influenced the absorption of potassium and was no effect on the release of K only when this rock was added to the soil without prior liming.treatment. The decreasing order of potassium extraction efficiency, considering the total applied in treatments and K extracted by plants was EL02> TA21-SC> KCl> FN> BX> TA20> TA15> TA21. The two developed decomposition methods showed a better correlation with potassium extracted from the EL02 rocks. The greenhouse study corroborated the extraction tests performed in the laboratory, which indicated that the EL02 rock is the one with the highest percentage of K release compared with the other evaluated rocks.
Estudos de separação de lignina do licor negro kraft em diferentes condições experimentais: caracterização e fracionamento
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-04-19) Oliveira, Caroline Tirolla; Botaro, Vagner Roberto; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2907189124654066; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3806838960921199
The processes of separation and isolation of Kraft lignin obtained have been insufficiently resear ched, since much of the lignin of liqueurs obtained industrially is burned for energy recovery and carbon sources in the industrial processes. Currently, with the technological innovation targeting the pulp and paper industries, it is increasingly importan t to obtain lignin in simple and economically viable way. In addition, it is very important to find conditions under which the proceedings begin minimum degradation into lignin structures. In this work, the concentrated liquor lignin from Kraft pulp proces s was precipitated in acid medium in different conditions of pH and variable times of exposure to acid conditions of precipitation. It was done later, ash analysis, calorific power, Scanning Electron Microscopy with X - ray Spectroscopy (SEM/EDS); Fourier Tr ansform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and Ultraviolet - Visible Spectrophotometry precipitated (UV - VIS) for the characterization of the lignins and the filtered, for the characterization of the soluble fractions. A general analysis of the results showed that the best yield has occurred in 15 minutes of precipitation time for the pH of 6.71 (less acidic) among all employees. In the second test, the precipitations were performed at pH 2, 4 and 6 and with a time of 5 and 15 minutes, in which was got better yields and lower salt content in lignin. It has been applied statistical analysis in all the results, which many of them were considered equal. Thus, the best case was considered carried out at pH 6 at the time of 5 minutes , since it uses less hydrochloric acid are to perform precipitation. In parallel, it has been done tests to assess the possibility of separate fragments of lignin and sugars. The preliminary tests were conducted with phenol, simulating the lignin, and glucose, simulating the sugars. In order t o carry out this separation was used cellulose acetate Hydrogel as stationary phase in a preparative scale. In the first test conducted in a time of 30 minutes, it was possible to observe that there was a clear separation of phenol and glucose. In the seco nd test, in which the parameters were refined, like the elution time (55 minutes), it was possible to note a great improvement in the separation. The test of fractionation was carried out in order to simulate future tests to improve the conditions of ferme ntation of residual sugar produced by hydrolysis of cellulose waste involved in the production of second - generation ethanol.
A nova grande mídia : uma análise de Bloggers, YouTubers, Instagrammers
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-04-19) Milanetto, Giovana; Massarolo, João Carlos; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3308336910966465; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7989520113452666
With this research, we explore the configuration of the new media, emerged from a network of blogs and social platforms like YouTube and Instagram. Knowing that nowadays there's a potentially available system for any user to produce, broadcast, consume and rework any kind of contents, it's possible to gather new relationships between audiovisual production and consumption, as well as what was understood as an audience. By observing networked conversation and the emergence of the new communicators in this contexto composed by blogs and social platforms, new comunication channels also emerge, and those are made possible by networked individualism (WELLMAN, 2002; RAINIE; WELLMAN, 2012) – this grouping around those new communicators is caused by, among a lot of common subjects, the consumption of the character of the self constantly created by this new communicator. With the analysis of the content produced by three new media communicators whose thematic focus is lifestyle and beauty – the Just Lia blog, important for its longevity on internet, and consistent online construction of the self, the YouTube channel Camila Coelho, where the YouTuber has created the “beauty guru” character and a large network of people interested in herself, and the Instagram profile @gabrielapugliesi, which stands out as a character of the new media, since the Instagrammer could create her network quickly and spread herself, along with her contents, among all contemporary communication platforms, being able to blur the boundaries between the tradicional mass media and the new media.
Efeitos a curto prazo da técnica de Mulligan na amplitude de movimento, limiar de dor a pressão, pico de força e funcionalidade em indivíduos com síndrome do impacto do ombro : estudo crossover, randomizado, simples cego
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-04-19) Guimarães, João Flávio; Salvini, Tânia de Fátima; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4391969032505723; Sendín, Francisco Alburquerque; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7551905278202959; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7450066749901640
Objective: The purpose was compare the immediate effects of mobilization with movement (MWM) with sham technique in range of motion, pressure pain threshold, peak force and function in patients with shoulder impingement syndrome (SIS) Methods: A randomized crossover trial was performed. Twenty-seven subjects (mean age ± SD, 31 ± 8 years; 56% female) satisfied eligibility criteria, agreed to participate, and were divided into G1 group (n=14), who received MWM condition in the first 4 visits and sham condition in the last 4 visits, and G2 group (n=13) with reversing the order of treatment conditions. The primary outcome was range of motion (ROM). Results: ANOVA two-way revealed no significant interaction group*time but showed significance of the time factor in ROM external rotation (F = 3.390, P = 0.042), and abduction (F = 5.906, P = 0.008). No other significant differences were found. Conclusion: Application of 4 sessions MWM was effective in ROM external rotation and abduction, in pain and function in patients with SIS, showing no significant changes in muscle strength or the pressure pain thresholds.