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O plano de gerenciamento dos resíduos dos serviços de saúde na atenção básica e ambulatório de especialidades do Sistema Único de Saúde no município de São Roque
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-04-28) Camargo, Ândrea Regina de; Melo, Ismail Barra Nova de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3576937472687059; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2368191098172139
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Olhares de professores de ciências em formação sobre as mídias, sua inserção no ensino e a educação para as mídias
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-04-28) Pezzo, Mariana Rodrigues; Pierson, Alice Helena Campos; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3749421379531019; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4686352453726023
In contemporary society, pervaded by media culture, the school permanently interacts with the media and information and communications technologies. In specific regard to science education, teachers and students are in contact with science information and thus representations of science and technology present in the media, either in their everyday lives outside of school, either by intentional inclusion in pedagogical practice. However, consolidated policies for media treatment by educational systems at different levels do not exist in Brazil yet. Among other elements that hinder this consolidation, lack of media education programs in teacher training, especially in undergraduate courses in science, is identified as a major obstacle. Thus, the research reported in this paper seeks to contribute to the transformation of this scenario, through the understanding of how students pursuing a licentiate degree in Biology, Physics and Chemistry relate to the media and what their expectations for the insertion of media productions at school are. In order to achieve this objective, we analyzed textual productions developed by these students within a course about the the use of science diffusion media productions in science education, in the light of a media education framework that, with contributions of Critical Theory and Cultural Studies, supports the relevance of considering media production as a social process and thus reflections and simultaneous and articulated analysis of the media industry, the media texts and the audiences and reception processes, as well as training for the use of media as selfexpression tools, creativity and resistance. The investigation process was a qualitative one, characterized as a documentary analysis carried out based on the methodological framework of discursive textual analysis. The results indicate some aspects worthy of special attention in structuring media education policies and programs in teacher training, including the permanence of prospects of media education as protection and not as a preparation for autonomous, critical and creative access and use of media; the understanding of media as a social process detached from other processes of reproduction and transformation within our societies; and the need for further reflection and advances in achieving articulation between the uses of media in science education as sources of content, pedagogical tool and object of study in its analytical and creative dimensions.
Efeito da hipóxia local na magnitude da ativação, força, massa e arquitetura muscular decorrente do treinamento de força
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-04-28) Biazon, Thaís Marina Pires de Campos; Libardi, Cleiton Augusto; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8953409094842074; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3277909577762827
Local hypoxia (i.e. intramuscular) resulting from resistance training (RT) contributes to ions H+ accumulation and decreased muscle pH (i.e. metabolic stress). It has been suggested that the accumulation of these metabolites promotes an increase in the motor units (MU) recruitment and consequent increase in cross-sectional area (CSA) and muscle strength. Nevertheless, it remain sunknown whether the level of local hypoxia can affect the magnitude of these adaptations. Objective: The objective of the study was to analyze and compare the effect of local hypoxia during low-intensity resistance training with blood flow restriction (LI-BFR: 3-4 x 20/20% of one repetition maximum [1-RM] / 60% total pressure of occlusion), high-intensity resistance training (HI-RT: 3-4 x 10/80% of 1RM) and high-intensity resistance training with blood flow restriction (HI-BFR: 3-4 x 10/80% 1-RM / 60% total occlusion pressure) on muscle activation, strength, mass and architecture in young individuals. Methods: Thirty young men were selected and each leg allocated to three experimental conditions through unilateral knee extension in randomized order and counterbalanced after ranking by strength level (1- RM) and vastus lateralis (VL) muscle CSA quartiles. The dynamic maximum force was measured by 1-RM test and CSA acquisition, muscle thickness (MT), pennation angle (PA) and VL fascicle length (FL) was performed through ultrasound images. The training program consisted of 10 weeks with a minimum interval of 72 hours between training sessions and the measurement of muscle activation by surface electromyography (EMG) and deoxyhemoglobin ([HHb]) and oxyhemoglobin ([HbO2]) concentrations through near-infrared espectroscopy (NIRS) of VL, performed during the training session with relative load obtained after the 1-RM, before (T1), after five (T2) and ten weeks (T3) training. Results: The training total volume (TV) was greater for HI-RT and HI-BFR compared to LI-BFR. There was no difference between the groups in regarding the increase of 1-RM, CSA, MT and AP. However, the FL showed higher increase for HI-BFR compared to HI-RT and LI-BFR. Regarding the magnitude of the EMG, the HI-BFR group showed higher values than HI-RT and LI-BFR. On the other hand, [HHb] were higher for HI-BFR and LI-BFR, however there was no difference between groups on the reduction of [HbO2].Conclusion: The level of local hypoxia does not influence the magnitude of the increase of muscle activation, strength, mass and architecture changes after resistance training. However, the addition of local hypoxia seems to have a greater contribution to the adjustments resulting from the low-intensity resistance training compared to high intensity.
Desenvolvimento e caracterização de filmes poliméricos de amido de milho nativo e modificado com incorporação de fibras de bagaço de cana e óleos vegetais.
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-04-28) Carmo, Karina Palmizani do; Paiva, Jane Maria Faulstich de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7926832511513537; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5229523966643527
A few years ago, several studies have been conducted to transformatio n of raw matter into renewable biodegradable materials, since it is necessary to rethink consumption and rationalize the use of packaging derived from synthetic polymers. Among these raw materials can be detached corn starch produced worldwide, with low cost and high potential for biodegradability. In this paper, aiming a possible application in biodegradable packaging, starch polymeric films were developed using native corn starch with the incorporation of 1 to 4% of fibers sugarcane bagasse from industrial wastes, 2.5, 5 and 10% of castor oil, and 2.5, 5% epoxidized soy bean oil, and modified corn starch films with the incorporation of 1 to 3% fibers sugarcane bagasse, and 2.5, 5 % of epoxidized soybean oil. Some mechanical and thermal analysis for characterization of the films were made. The mechanical p roperties were analyzed by tensile test in Dynamic-Mechanical Thermal Analysis (DMTA) equipment. Among the films tested in tension, they stood the native corn starch films that have the best tensile strength results (1.05 MPa) and elongation at break (77.66%), followed by the native starch containing film 3% fiber (0.81 MPa) and native starch films containing 2.5% epoxidized soybean oil (58.55%). The fractured samples were analyzed by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Thermal an alysis of all kinds of developed films were made by Differential Scanning Calo rimetry (DSC), Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA) and Thermogravimetric Analysis Derivative, where the DSC curves showed higher thermal stability for native starch films containing castor oil and epoxidized soybean, in which the thermal decomposition was observed between 270 and 291 o C, being higher than the temperatures of other films , and four stages of degradation for these films, and the others had only three stages of degradation. Native starch films with incorporation o f 3% fiber and 2.5% epoxidized soybean oil were buried in soils incubated for completion of the biodegradability test, and analysis of the emissions o f CO2, CH4, and N2O were performed by gas chromatography, it was possible to observe high CO2 emission rates in the first month of incubation for all films. After 90 days, the films were dug up, and the polymer matrix was completely biodegraded.
Influência dos coquetéis enzimáticos produzidos por Trichoderma reesei e Aspergillus niger pelo processo de fermentação sequencial na hidrólise do bagaço de cana-de-açúcar
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-04-28) Florencio, Camila; Badino Júnior, Alberto Colli; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6244428434217018; Farinas, Cristiane Sanchez; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9933650905615452; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8317605349425304
Currently, one of the major challenges for second generation ethanol is to reduce the cost of cellulolytic enzymes. Thus, the development of bioprocesses for the enzyme production on-site and strategies to increase the final yield of the enzymatic hydrolysis are required to ensure that biomass conversion to be economically feasible. Therefore, the objective of this work was to study the production and characterization of enzyme cocktails involved in the degradation of plant biomass by filamentous fungi Trichoderma reesei and Aspergillus niger grown in sequential fermentation and evaluate the application of these cocktails in the saccharification process of sugarcane bagasse. Firstly, evaluation and validation of sequential fermentation cultivation methodology to different strains of Trichoderma. Cultivation were made using sugarcane bagasse "in natura" and pretreated by steam explosion, as a carbon source. The result more significantly was observed for T. reesei Rut C30, the endoglucanase production was 4.2-fold higher than the values obtained in conventional submerged fermentation. The enzyme extracts were characterized in terms of optimum pH and temperature and endoglucanase profile. The thermostability was directly influenced by the type of carbon source and type of cultivation method. Subsequently, the proteomic analysis were performed of enzyme cocktails from T. reesei Rut C30 and A. niger A12 produced by submerged and sequential fermentation in the presence of pretreated bagasse. The performance of the enzyme cocktail in saccharification of pretreated bagasse showed that the combination of enzyme cocktails from T. reesei and A. niger produced by sequential fermentation had a yield than 3-fold higher than the enzyme cocktails of submerged fermentation. In order to evaluate the action of the enzyme cocktails produced by T. reesei and A. niger in sugarcane bagasse saccharification, the last step of the work was to study the additives effects during the sugarcane bagasse hydrolysis aiming at reducing non-productive adsorption of enzymes into lignin. The saccharification results in the presence of soybean protein were 2-fold higher than the controls (no additive) to the enzyme cocktails of two fungi studied produced by solid state fermentation, indicating the potential use of soybean protein as an additive to minimize non-productive adsorption of the enzyme into lignin. Overall, this study presents an interesting final contribution in the cellulase production process and the application of the enzyme cocktail in the hydrolysis of sugarcane bagasse.
Efeitos de uma desintegrina RGD recombinante na migração de uma linhagem celular de carcinoma de células escamosas de origem oral
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-04-28) Montenegro, Cyntia de Freitas; Araújo, Heloísa Sobreiro Selistre de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4065824911933203; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1510751976021672
Cancer is a group of diseases related to abnormal cell growth and ability to invade tissues. These skills result in the development of metastases, leading to death in many of the patients. During the process of invasion, the cells find a connective tissue rich in fibronectin and collagen in which they will have to go through in order to reach the blood vessels and then the metastatic site. Fibronectin adhesion receptors such as αvβ3 and α5β1 integrins are essential for cells to be able to move through the fibronectin fibers. Integrins bind to the extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins via the RGD motif present in fibronectin, making these cell types migration receptors a potential target for the study of cancer. Thus, the effect of DisBa-01, an RGD containing motif disintegrin, was investigated in two cell specialized on migration; fibroblasts (BJ) and oral squamous cell carcinoma (SCC25). DisBa-01 (1 and 2 μM) was able to reduce cancer cells migration speed and directionality, but not fibroblasts, on time-lapse experiments performed on fibronectin coated plates. In order to understand if the effect of DisBa-01 is associated with alterations in cellular adhesion, cells were plated on fibronectin and stained with anti-paxillin. Images acquired by confocal microscopy show changes in focal adhesions, which have become larger and more numerous. These data were confirmed, by time-lapse assays using Total Internal Reflection Fluorescence (TIRF) in cells transfected with paxillin. The expression of key fibronectin receptors, α5, β3 and αv is present similarly in both strains, while the β1 subunit is expressed in lower amounts in OSCC cells. To investigate the probable relationship of migration inhibition with integrin β3 level, this subunit was overexpressed in the OSCC cells and all parameters analyzed were restored. Taken together, these results demonstrate the ability of DisBa-01 to affect cell migration depending on integrin expression level and by modulating the dynamics of cell adhesions.
Avaliação de diferentes rotas de encapsulamento de aromas em nanofibras poliméricas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-04-28) Brichi, Glaucia Silveira; Mattoso, Luiz Henrique Capparelli; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5839043594908917; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1531368107265459
The use of flavor has become increasingly common in the food and pharmaceutical industry, including menthol and ethyl hexanoate (EH) (main ester passion fruit aroma) has achieved prominence in the industry due to its applications ranges in branches different sectors. Among the various properties that flavorings have, the main one is the volatility and the ease of leaving the environment. In this sense, there is a great interest to seek new mechanisms to increase the aromas of residence time in the array. The present work, looking for encapsulating the aromas of mint and hexanoate Ethyl (EH), through polymeric nanofibers, also studied the influence in the tunnel when the β-cicldodextrin is added to the solution and when the fibers are obtained by different routes electrospinning and spinning blow solution (FSS).After obtaining the polymeric fibers of poly (lactic acid) (PLA) by electrospinning and solution blow spinning techniques, the fibers were characterized by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM),Ray Diffraction (XRD), Vibrational Spectroscopy Absorption Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetry (TG / DTG). The release profile was performed for all conditions studied aromas. The results showed the polymer nanofibers, a promising tool for encapsulation of flavorings, may be enhanced by the cyclodextrin. The Solution blow spinning (SBS) techniques and electrospinning were effective to form fibers. SBS methodology originated more homogeneous samples with smaller diameters and without the presence of beads.