Browsing by Issue Date, starting with "2016-08-16"

Filter results by year or month

Now showing 1 - 20 of 14815

A reavaliação da doutrina das unidades no Preface to Shakespeare (1765) : o prenúncio da ruptura com o Ancien Régime
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-08-16)
Castro, Diego de
;
Ferreira, Carla Alexandra
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5522506928191940
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3895196547774076
The objective of this dissertation is demonstrate by means of a dialectical reading of Preface to Shakespeare (1765) by Samuel Johnson (1709-1784), that the reassessment of the doctrine of the units (action, time and place) no solely unveil the breaking of the English literary criticism with the classical aesthetic but the sign of a deep breaking of the English capitalist society from the eighteenth century with Ancien Régime. The issue (the reassessment of the doctrine of the units) consists in the defense that Johnson does in favor of Shakespeare's plays against the censures of other neoclassical critics, these influenced by French classicism. The defense that English critic undertook in favor of the English poet‘s dramas against the reproaches of neoclassical critics anticipated the rupture of the English criticism with the classical aesthetic. The proposal is treating of the literary and philosophical aspects involved in the chief theme, at last to amplify the horizon of reading through of the notions of structure of feeling by Raymond Williams (1977) and political unconscious by Jameson (1992).
Qualidade microbiológica do leite humano cru e pasteurizado em banco de leite humano na cidade de São Carlos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-08-16)
Oliveira, Claudete de
;
Sousa, Cristina Paiva de
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9002619114161319
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9792669900889947
The Human Milk is considered the most complete food for the newborn, to promote the collection and distribution with certified quality, the Ministry of Health in the public policy scenario promotes breastfeeding and expansion of the Brazilian Network of Human Milk Bank which was created to ensure certification and the quality of human milk from collection to distribution, it is responsible for the selection, physicochemical and microbiological evaluation, providing an innocuous product and respecting their role as food. To contribute to the scientific evidence this study was to evaluate the microbiological quality of samples of human milk from milk bank in São Carlos / SP, through analysis and quantification in petri dishes by solid culture of mesophilic, psychrophilic, thermophilic, Staphylococcus spp. filamentous fungi and leveduriform and most probable number (MPN) of total and fecal coliforms through presumptive test and confirmatory, as well as verification of physical-chemical parameters of pH, acidity ° Dornic and energy content (K) correlating the variables in the microbiological quality by descriptive statistical analysis and linear correlation Pearson. Of the 29 analyzed samples and unfit for consumption, revealed the presence of 17.24% of psychrophilic, 27.59% of thermophiles, 55.17% of mesophilic, 41.38% of filamentous fungi and leveduriform absence of Staphylococcus spp, for coliform group was the presence of 82.76% presumptive phase and 54.16% for total coliforms and 33.33% for fecal coliforms in the confirmatory phase, pH values and K showed no variation, as for acidity was microbial growth between 3 ° to 15 ° Dornic, the correlation of physical and chemical variables was detected. The results presented in analyzes suggest that was deficient in good manufacturing practices, impairing the microbiological quality of human milk.
Estudos da linguagem audiovisual em animações estereoscópicas: análise da representação tridimensional nas narrativas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-08-16)
Sampedro, Paula Poiet
;
Andrade, Leonardo Antônio de
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3921612856948891
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8388039231523027
The research herein is consolidated in fantastical narratives presented in animation movies allied with deep perception exploration. Its development aims to investigate how visual resources are used in animation movies to emphasize fantastical narratives in current contexts. The focus is placed on animations made by digital three-dimensional environment and on the use of stereoscopy working as tools that influence on the composition of narrative tension. The study is based upon the animation movies "How to Train Your Dragon" (DreamWorks, 2010), "How to Train Your Dragon 2" (DreamWorks, 2014) and "Frozen" (Disney, 2013) because of the fantastical storytelling, which evaluates their relations with stereoscopy's visuality and three-dimension digital space. At first a historical background to consolidate stereoscopy and animation techniques is described, which leads to contemporary cinematographic scenery and the use of 3D modeling. Then the research is directed to the study of film narratives previously mentioned followed by an evaluation of three-digital-dimensional language and the three-dimension characters building, in addition to their physical and psychological characteristics. In the end of the study, an analysis of the use of stereoscopy alongside with the narrative, characters and settings modeling of the three movies is proposed, verifying the stereoscopic space use in scenes with different dramatic intensity and how stereoscopy contributes to these narratives.
Escola, consumo e projetos de vida na visão de jovens estudantes de uma escola pública e outra privada no interior do estado de São Paulo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-08-16)
Cinati, Anderson
;
Silva, Douglas Verrangia Corrêa da
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7699024298055259
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0197528368706020
The guidelines that establish the Basic Education in Brazil are the same to public and private schools, however, the education developed with students from both groups can have different directions. The relation between the different socioeconomic contexts, normally existent, can cause different perceptions regarding the opportunities that these students will have during the construction of their life projects and their future perspectives. In this context, this research sought to discuss the relationship between the consumption and the life project under the view of young students from a public school and a private one, trying to understand how these elements make us rethink the education in a critical way. To reach the proposed goal, it was chosen two schools in São Paulo’s countryside, where the researcher works as Geography and History teacher. High school students, mainly seniors, participated in this research. The methodology used was initially based on a quiz given in these schools and, later on, semistructured interviews were developed. This way, general data was collected in order to find out the socioeconomic profile of the groups, apart from trying to identify the relation with the consumption, the school and the life projects of these students. It was possible to conclude that the life projects of these students tend to be individualists and oriented many times by the power of consumption as, between the interviewed, there was no student that showed concerns on social or environmental context. It was presented as proposals to improve these issues, the increase of educational public policies, besides the projects that can be developed in the schools, in order to favor the development of a emancipatory education about current society. In this context, themes and directions about how to make these discussions were suggested, in order to evolve the role of the different classes in the maintenance of social structures, rethinking the origin of inequality, racial, historical, school and family issues. If the life project is uncritical, these individuals may not be clear of what really happens in the society, in respect of having or not. Their projects can summarize in acquisition of a determined social status to make their consumption dream.
Apoio social e seus processos educativos em um grupo de convivência de idosos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-08-16)
Fidélix, Ana Paula Ferreira
;
Oliveira, Maria Waldenez de
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3404769527869004
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7516927567100842
The transformation of aging on social problem from the time when the search for positive views of the process are highlighted. Due to the rapid increase in the elderly population along with the concern of building a positive view of the process increases the concern for the elderly and arouses the interest on the subject in the areas of health and social policy and the interest of scholars on the theme. New areas and studies of possibilities emerge and education emerged as a possibility for a new look at the aging process and its meanings. Educational processes can be observed from the living, exchanges and social support that is present in the elderly in social groups. The social support that has its existence valued for promoting and maintaining a quality of life emerges as an important social practice. This study aimed to identify, analyze and describe the educational processes presented from the social practice of social support among people in a support group for seniors in the city of São Carlos - SP. The participants were older and regulars teachers group with ages ranging between 60 and 84 years. The meetings were held weekly in the lounge of a parish in the city of São Carlos. This is a research with qualitative approach to the collection of September data / 2014 to June / 2016 from the Participant Observation, with the insertion of the researcher with the group using field diaries records and interviews semi-structured. Data analysis was from reading and rereading of the notes in a field diary and interviews transcripts highlighting points considered important, repetition and brought connection with the social practice of social support and identified educational processes. It is observed social support as a strong point in the relationships between people in the group. Educational processes take place in the exchange between the elderly and among the elderly and the teacher: on the activities of the group, about their life experiences, knowledge built on their experiences and living together in the group. The living group is considered of great importance for the elderly in the promotion and maintenance of their socials relations as well as social participation. The sight of elderly face old age in general is positive, which helps in coping with the aging process and the natural limitations of it. At the end of the study it concluded that the existence of a social support network often does not guarantee the existence of the support itself, which is not the case studied here, but the social group shows the importance ascribed to it in existence and maintenance of social support for the elderly who attend. Social support enables the existence of educational processes from the coexistence and relations between the elderly in the group, as well as old age coping possibilities. Highlights the need for the existence of equipment that format (elderly people in social groups) for the participation of older people in health promotion and social participation.
Aplicabilidade, habitabilidade e sustentabilidade da alvenaria com bloco de concreto aparente em instituições de ensino
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-08-16)
Trajano, Michelle Daiany da Conceição
;
Parsekian, Guilherme Aris
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7798651726059215
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8119293673797503
Masonry is considered an advantageous and good economic performance alternative, reducing the large volumes of waste and the use of other materials (steel, wood and coatings). This system is widely used in building houses, commercial and residential buildings, however, its use in buildings for educational purposes is less common. The aim of this study was to analyze the masonry with concrete blocks from the user point of view, in order to verify the applicability of processes, sustainability and livability of the building built with rationalization of the stages of the t educational environment construction. The case study, State School Garden Marisa, in Campinas (SP), had its performance verification process analyzed in situ, with data collection conducted through questionnaires with users, teachers, staff and students, as well as verification of the sensitivity of users regarding comfort in the use of the building in the morning and afternoon, from 08:00 to 12:00 and 14:00 to 17:30. In addition to field research, we used bibliographical research, interviewing techniques and photographic records, all guided by ethical aspects as determined in legislation. After the investigation of this process through field research and literature review, it was concluded by the good applicability, livability and sustainability of masonry with exposed concrete block in the educational institution under study. The completion of the work indicates factors related to masonry design with exposed concrete blocks and building as a whole, leading to success in performance verified in the case study.
Análise dos recursos em incubadoras de empresas de base tecnológica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-08-17)
Freire, Clarissa Dourado
;
Sacomano Neto, Mário
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0000793038362058
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2394762081205933
This research aimed to identify and analyze what are the features supported by the incubators of technology-based companies for the incubated companies and analyze what is the importance of these resources for the operation and the incubators and TBCs. As theoretical guidelines were adopted prospects of Resource Based View, which addresses the survival of businesses based on their internal resources and Resource Dependence, which aims to understand the organizational interdependence considering the external environment of organizations. To this end, the triangulation of methods was adopted, with quantitative and qualitative approach, with the use of survey and multi case study. The case study was made with the implementation of semi structured interviews with Supera incubators, Softex and Cinet / Softnet, all in the state of São Paulo and the survey was made the basis of a questionnaire based on the Likert Scale applied to a sample 30 technology-based companies, drawn from a universe of 120 companies that are incubated by the interviewed incubators. For the processing of data were used the descriptive statistics and regression analysis based perspective of total factor productivity, which aims to identify which affects the income of a business and that is not directly related to production factors, with proposing two options, the first being that the resources do not affect the revenue of TBCs and the second is that affect revenue. Even for the case study was made the content analysis. From the survey data it was possible to identify five categories of resources, physical, financial, technological, organizational and human, and further confirm the hypothesis that resources affect the performance of TBCs, and the most representative are the physical resources. It was also observed that the incubators seek ways to provide the resources required for TBCs, are the improvement of its internal resources, as evaluates the resource-based view, are the relationships with other organizations, through the inter-organizational relationships, as recommended by the dependence resources. And TBCs seek in the incubation program a way to deal with the adversities of the environment and the market as well as additional resources.
Preparo de amostras e análise elementar de produtos farmacêuticos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-08-17)
Garcia, Mariana Ortega
;
Nóbrega, Joaquim de Araújo
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8833989058164529
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4186415482055313
The medicine manufacture process may cause the final product contamination with metallic residues to the detriment of human healthy. Aiming to regulate the pharmaceutical production and establish standards of final products quality, organizations such as the USP, EMA and ICH established regulations governing maximum exposure to target elements, including some metals that are known to be toxic to human health. Other elements, despite its essentiality in certain concentrations, require exposure control. Regularly a sample to be measured by ICP techniques requires its conversion to a representative solution, usually involving microwave-assisted acid digestion. Once decomposed, the elemental analysis is done using inductively coupled plasma techniques. This study aims to establish a general method of sample preparation and elemental analysis of drug samples (excipients, continuous use drugs, multivitamins, multiminerals and natural products), in order to meet the demands of the pharmaceutical industry. In this sense, sample preparation was based on microwave assisted acid digestion using the following reagents: nitric acid, hydrochloric acid and hydrogen peroxide. The established procedure involves a 41 min heating program with a maximum temperature of 210 oC. The efficiency of digestion was assessed by determination of dissolved organic carbon. Best digestions were reached using 5 ml of inverted aqua regia for 500 mg of sample. The elemental analysis techniques used were ICP OES and ICP-MS. In both cases, analytical calibration curves were built based on the J value, established by USP, which takes into account the permitted daily exposure to the target element, the maximum daily dose of medicament and the sample dilution factor. Both techniques were suitable for metal impurities determination. For ICP OES recoveries were close to 100% for most analytes in all tested samples. For ICP-MS, despite being within the range from 70 to 150% set by USP, recoveries still require further evaluation.
Endividamento da indústria brasileira: restrição financeira e influência do colateral
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-08-17)
Vasconcelos, Juliana
;
Meirelles, Jorge Luís Faria
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0026759386506030
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5996022690857934
The imperfect capital market is related to asymmetry of information. The investment decisions of companies are sensitive due to the availability of internal resources. In this sense, this paper aims to analyze the influence of collateral in the level of indebtedness of companies. The sample used in this study consists of 41 non-financial Brazilian companies from industrials sectors which have shares traded on the BM&F Bovespa and are part of the Economática database between the years of 2004 and 2014. The ratio of debt and the collateral was analyzed by multiple regression. Four collateral types were used, they sorted through their financial status - constraint or unconstrained- adopting as a criterion the issuance of debentures and the size of the company. The main results suggest that companies with financial constraint and financial unconstrained are significant in relation to collateral, a result which confronts other studies that claim that only companies with financial constraint depend on the collateral to be indebted.
Simulação do clima de 2050 em campo e seus efeitos sobre o crescimento de forrageiras
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-08-17)
Bortolin, Livia Haik Guedes de Camargo
;
Prado, Carlos Henrique Britto de Assis
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7561749470600567
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8604778537538094
This research was conducted to understand the climate responses of two tropical forages to a future scenario predicted for 2050, regardless of the season. We consider the hypothesis of the consortium between the two forages is a grazing alternative in a future climate. To test this hypothesis, we studied two forages under controlled atmospheric CO2 concentration and temperature in field conditions using a system named Trop-T-FACE. This system gave us the competence to mimic atmospheric conditions predicted for 2050 (600 ppm of CO2 in the atmosphere (eC) and an increase of 2 ºC in the canopy temperature). The C4 grass Panicum maximum and the C3 legume Stylosanthes capitata grew on current agricultural practice, in an area of 2500 m2 on the campus of the University of São Paulo in Ribeirão Preto – SP. We tested the hypothesis about the consortium between the two forages being a grazing alternative in a future climate. In the winter of 2013 and the autumn of 2014, the forage grew on irrigated consortium. In the autumn of 2015, S. capitata grew in monoculture without irrigation. Sixteen parcels in a ring form with 2 m of diameter were used for monitoring the growth and development of the species C3 and C4 species during growth periods of 35 days approximately after the initial cut. Several plant organization levels were accompanied under field conditions in Control plots, plots with elevated CO2 concentration (eC), under heating (eT), and under high CO2 concentration and heat (eC+eT). In the first chapter is the experiment conducted during the winter of 2013, with P. maximum in irrigated consortium with S. capitata. The climatic conditions of temperature were suboptimal for the C4 grass growth. Thus, the warming explicitly promoted the foliage development. The higher atmospheric CO2 concentration caused downregulation in leaf biomass accumulation. The changes resultant of the atmospheric alterations also caused modifications of leaf N concentration and biomass partition in the plant. Under combined treatment (eC+eT), the inhibitory effects of the CO2 increase were offset by the increment resultant of warming. Therefore, in the future climatic conditions, during the winter in the Brazilian Southeast region, the heating of the leaves will mitigate the inhibition by excess carbon, as long as the consortium is free of water and nutritional impediments. In the autumn of 2014, a new experiment was performed with P. maximum and S. capitata growing in irrigated consortium. This experiment is described in the second and third chapters. In the second chapter are the results of P. maximum in irrigated consortium. The purpose of conducting this experiment in the autumn was mainly to compare the influence of warming on the grass leaves in a warmer season. During the autumn, the treatments accelerated the leaf phenology of the C4 grass, including leaf senescence. The isolated increase in the atmospheric CO2 concentration (eC) or combined with warming (eC+eT) conditioned narrower leaves, probably by alterations in the leaf meristem formation process. Changes in leaf width may cause modifications in forage quality and affect the consumption by the cattle. However, the presence of narrower leaves was compensated by a greater number of leaves and the tiller biomass remained. On the other hand, the C3 legume growing in irrigated consortium during the autumn of 2014, presented several changes with no statistical differences in vegetative growth, despite the heat (eT) have been shown to be harmful to it. The results of this experiment are described in the third chapter. Being a legume adapted to warm climates, the main negative changes observed in S. capitata under warming (eT) were attributed to competition with P. maximum in the consortium. The separate heating (eT) stimulated further growth of the grass, which shadowed and softened the heat arrival in the C3 species. However, the warming (eT) significantly stimulated the flowering. In the treatment that simulated warming and CO2 concentration in the 2050 climate (eC+eT), there were more branches due intense flowering at the apex of the shoot and consequently interruption of apical dominance. The predicted future climate scenario is not favorable besides leaf biomass in this C3 species remaining the same among applied atmospheric regimes. Furthermore, the irrigation of extensive grazing warmed areas is economically and ecologically unviable and did not increase the availability of leaf biomass of S. capitata in the consortium in the year 2050. An experiment was conducted during the autumn of 2015, with the legume in monoculture without irrigation to identify the real influence of the irrigation on S. capitata growth. CO2 atmospheric enrichment increased neither biomass nor the leaf area. On the other hand, it occurred greater investment on flowers at the expense of vegetative shoot compartments. Nonetheless, enhancing flowering was only possible with soil water content greater than 0.3 m3 m-3. Warming combined with soil water shortage caused higher mortality of shoots. The rise in atmospheric CO2 concentration predicted for 2050 will not be enough to mitigate the damaging effects on leaf biomass production of the warming of about 2 ºC, in field conditions without irrigation, in this shrub C3 legume. Thus, the consortium, even irrigated, was not as an alternative pasture in climate predicted for 2050. The monoculture of the C3 legume without irrigation brought results even more concerning. The data obtained in these studies can base the development of new pasture management strategies. Also, they provide relevant information for the development of public policies to support the productive chain of meat and milk, the largest in Brazil and one of the largest in the world.
Do geocentrismo à gravitação universal: proposta e implementação de uma sequência didática para o ensino médio
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-08-18)
Simon, Rodrigo de Almeida
;
Pessanha, Márlon Caetano Ramos
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6347223505034848
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2217951338927366
This work is formed by the development and implementation of an Educational Product, which by means of a didactic sequence (DS), aimed to address geocentrism, heliocentrism and universal gravitation topics in a less classical approach, bringing diversified methodologies and didactic resources. In addition, we aimed to benefit the learning of students engaged in the use of the DS “Solar System Movements” by the teacher-researcher, as well as by other professors who, someway, use the activities proposed in this Educational Product in their classes. In this term paper, we presented an introduction to the developed study and an accurate theoretical exposition on the development of Geocentric and Heliocentric models up to the arrival of Newton´s Universal Gravitation; we discussed about theoretical-methodological basis considered in DS activities planning, which are mainly based on the didactic drawings principles described by Méheut and Psillos: Epistemological principles (applying History of Sciences (HS) in teaching); cognitive psychology principles (learning from prior knowledge and as an evolution of mental models); didactic principles (learning by modelling, the HS application in teaching and pedagogical use of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT)) and sociocultural principles (an interactive and joint work between teachers and students and pedagogical use of ICT). We also presented context, a report on the implementation of the Educational Product as part of an elective subject of Full-time High School and considerations on the entire progress of this Master thesis, as well as the professor, students’ and support materials for the use of DS.
Smells arquiteturais de monitoramento em sistemas adaptativos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-08-19)
Serikawa, Marcel Akira
;
Camargo, Valter Vieira de
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6809743774407662
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4819825673816219
Adaptive systems are able to adapt themselves according to changes in its execution environment or the user's needs. Monitors are essential for the development of such systems because they are responsible for collecting and pre-processing the context data. By a search in systems found in repositories and literature, it was observed that monitors are sometimes designed and implemented in an inappropriate way, exhibiting the following characteristics: i) they are Obscure in the source code; ii) they have a unique monitoring rate and iii) they are forced to have a pre-determined execution order. These characteristics lead to difficulties in maintenance, evolution and often problems related to performance. Design decisions that lead to these difficulties can be characterized as architectural smells. The documentation of smells helps developers identifying refactoring opportunities of a system and also highlights practices that should be analyzed during the design and development of new systems. Therefore, this master thesis proses two architectural smells for adaptive systems: the Obscure Monitor and Oppressed Monitors. The first occurs when the monitors are not evident in the system and the second occurs when the monitors are subject to the same monitoring rate and have a strict execution order. In order to check the influence of the presence of theses smells five maintenance activities were applied in two versions of a system called PhoneAdapter, the original version with the presence of the smells and the refactored one in which the smells were removed. The results indicate that the maintenance and evolution of the refactored system are facilitated in most activities.
Algoritmo de enxame de partículas para resolução do problema da programação da produção Job-shop flexível multiobjetivo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-08-19)
Aranha, Gabriel Diego de Aguiar
;
Kato, Edilson Reis Rodrigues
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8517698122676145
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6366433842639308
The companies today are looking for ways to expand their competitive advantages, optimizing their production, and in this context, they found solutions in activities of production scheduling. The production scheduling of the type job-shop, results in one of the most complex problems of combination, the Job-shop Scheduling Problem (JSP), which deterministic resolution is not feasible in polynomial computational time. The Flexible Job-shop Scheduling Problem (FJSP) is a classic extension of the JSP and has been widely reported in the literature. Thus, optimization algorithms have been developed and evaluated in the last decades, in order to provide more efficient production planning, with emphasis to artificial intelligence algorithms of the swarm type, that the latest research presented favorable results. The FJSP allows an operation to be processed for any machine arising from a set of machines along different routes. This problem is commonly dismembered into two sub-problems, the assignment of machines for operations, which is called routing, and operation scheduling. In the FJSP context, this research presents the resolution of the FJSP multi-objective, using a hierarchical approach that divides the problem into two subproblems, being the Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), responsible for resolving the routing sub-problem, and tasking three local search algorithms, Random Restart Hill Climbing (RRHC), Simulated Annealing (SA) and Tabu Search (TS), for the resolution of scheduling sub-problem. The implementation of the proposed algorithm has new strategies in the population initialization, displacement of particles, stochastic allocation of operations, and management of scenarios partially flexible. Experimental results using technical benchmarks problems are conducted, and proved the effectiveness of the hybridization, and the advantage of RRHC algorithm compared to others in the resolution of the scheduling subproblem.
“Enxugando iceberg” como as instituições estatais exercem o controle do crime em São Paulo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-08-19)
Silvestre, Giane
;
Sinhoretto, Jacqueline
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7743699562476490
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3990594434455024
This research aimed to understand how the institutions and state operators’ crime control are being affected by the emergence of new forms of organization of the "world of crime." It wondered how the institutions and operators find themselves affected by the emergence of the First Command of the Capital, the PCC; which the impact on their work, on the ways to exercise control and institutional management of the crime; which representations they elaborate about the changes in the contexts they operate and develop their professional activities. Therefore, it started analyzing two empirical cases that took place in São Paulo, involving the PCC and the so-‐‑called "debate" -‐‑ a new management mechanism of violence brought from the consolidation of the CPC in and out of the São Paulo prison system. The cases also help to identify two main strategies to crime control in São Paulo: i) a militarized control guided mainly by lethal and selective fighting with alleged criminals, played by the Military Police and; a classic judicial control, in which the logic of the investigation remains linked to archaic model of the police investigation and prioritizes incarceration for certain types of crimes and people, while holding the low levels of punishment for cases of police lethality. Part of the field work was conducted through interviews with civil and military police, sheriffs, prosecutors and judges who work in crime control, including the Special Group Against Organized Crime of the Prosecutor's Office (GAECO). It was developed a research based on official data on crime and on investments in public safety in order to observe trends, preferences and policy choices of area managers in the last decade. The results indicate that the emergence of the PCC has affected the crime control strategies performed by each of these institutions, although continuities have been observed. The PCC started seen as "organized crime", sign often claimed to justify violent and lethal actions in alleged confrontations. Investigations involving the PCC have been recurrently conducted through a partnership between prosecutors and military police, often rather of the judicial police, which has generated tensions between the institutions and their operators. The Civil Police, in its turn, operates with the coexistence of "inquisitorial logic" of investigation and effort to operates the transformations that the emergence of "organized crime" has imposed, besides seeking to circumvent the arising obstacles "scrapping" of institution.
Acolhimento, cogestão e apoio institucional : o saber da experiência
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-08-19)
Silva, Mônica Vilchez da
;
Ogata, Márcia Niituma
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3274294833403570
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5876441429138804
Embracement, Comanagement and Institutional Support are three concepts arisen while the Brazilian National Health System (SUS) was being developed, more than a decade ago. These concepts take part in guidelines of policies implemented by the Brazilian Health Department as well as in some of the routines of managers and health workers. The National Policy for Humanization – PNH (2003), a pioneer method regarding Institutional Support – and the National Policy of Primary Health Care (2012) – have both embraced in their official guidelines these technologies that are the expression of a wish to transform the dominant models that organize both management and health production. In view of the transforming power inherent to these devices, we have carried out a descriptive case study with a qualitative approach. This case study intends to analyze conceptions and routines produced by municipal managers and Primary Health Care workers taking part in the Program for Improvement of Access and Quality (PMAQ) and the institutional support group that was created in 2012, in a municipality of the Third Department of Regional Health (DRSIII) in the State of São Paulo. We have employed scientific productions including some capital works in the field of Brazilian Health Care, that depict experiences which are not in keeping neither with the neoliberal program nor an understanding of how micropolitics actually funcions in health work. We conducted two interviews with managers, four focal groups with health workers and one focal group with the municipal group of institutional support. To conduct the analysis of these interviews and focal groups we have employed the thematic and categorial content developed. After concluding the analysis we have observed an intense production in those groups. Embracement has produced four categories, and it has also brought to light the fact that their routines and practices consisted in a model focused on the medical consultation. The reception screens the users, then the nursing team take care the procedures prior to the medical consultation that in a practical sense, have little in common with the concept of embracement. There are other practices such as the nursing consultation and group reunions (if conducted by the workers themselves) that make a difference in the daily routine of the health unity. For the nurses, comanagement has produced five categories, and have also brought to light new ways of coordinating as well as new relations of power. In this municipality there are different spaces of management and meetings for the health teams which have been incorporated to the daily schedule. These spaces may be reevaluated so that they could function in a less taylorist and more democratic in which workers and health managers could take part. The Institutional support produced five categories which have proven to be an experience linked to procedures which are rooted on the professional developement of worker and have a direct connection to their expertise. The methodology employed by the support group was built on its own actions, creating an interplay between contract, demand and supply. The supporter's interventions are always questioned both by those who give and receive support. In spite of all the challenges and the cristallyzed notions about the subject, we consider this experience to be a very innovative one: it holds on for more than a decade to practices that have been recognized as the force that moves forward a model of health care that is defending life.
Estudo de indicadores ambientais de blocos cerâmicos com base em avaliação do ciclo de vida, considerando o contexto brasileiro
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-08-19)
Vinhal, Laís David
;
Oliveira, Luciana Alves de
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0229910555921961
;
Barreto, Douglas
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7369326190168139
The construction sector is one of the sectors that most require natural resources and generate waste throughout the production chain. In this sense, given the need to preserve the environment and natural resources for future generations, the industry needs to improve the environmental performance of its operations chain. In order to achieve effective improvements by the actions developed by the sector, these actions need to be based on information about the environmental performance that are objective and verifiable. One of the methods that allow the collection of environmental information is Life Cycle Assessment (LCA), which is one of the main tools of environmental impact assessment for the lifecycle of products and systems. The LCA allows to evaluate the impacts of raw material extraction, manufacturing process, use and disposalt. In this context, a study of the manufacturing process of structural ceramic blocks (cradle to factory gate) was conducted, aiming to analyze its main impacts and processes that contribute most to these environmental impacts. To conduct this study data collection was performed in two plants located in the State of São Paulo. Based on data collected locally and on the international database Ecoinvent®, the life cycle inventory (LCI) was drawn up with the necessary adaptations to represent the local context. Life cycle impact assessment (LCIA) was carried out using the following methods: CML 2002, Edip 97, USEtox and IPCC 2013. Based on the LCIA results, it was possible to identify the processes that contributed to each of the impacy categories analyzed, with the electricity being the process that most contributed to all categories. But the fuel used in the burning of the blocks, in turn, did not generate significant environmental impacts due to factories studied using biomass. Therefore, this study allowed to evaluate the magnitude and importance of the environmental impacts generated by the manufacture of ceramic bricks and also to characterize the environmental performance of ceramic bricks based on LCA.
Estudo sobre a ação do íon haleto na síntese de resinas epóxi líquidas e na hidrólise do óxido de propileno
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-08-19)
Carvalho, Marcus Vinicius dos Santos
;
Oliveira, Abel de
;
Tsunoda, Mitsukimi
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7842686360162069
“A STUDY ON THE ROLE OF HALIDE ION IN THE SYNTHESIS OF LIQUID EPOXY RESINS AND ON THE HYDROLISIS OF PROPYLENE OXIDE” is on two aspects of the halide ion in chemistries of liquid epoxy resin and the propylene oxide in the industrial context. The first theme is the improvement of quantification methodology of the residual halide content in the finished resin. To understand the occlusion process of the halide ion, the reactions of the resin syntheses and the molecular aspects are reviewed. The analytical procedure in use is compared with a modified methodology proposed for the determination of residual halide content. The second theme is the equilibrium in the propylene oxide preparative reaction in saline solution and the application of the study results into the improvement of propylene oxide scrubbing process from the purge vapors arising along the handling chain.
Do positivo ao negativo : utilizando ferramentas computacionais e experimentação para a simulação de (meta)materiais refrativos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-08-22)
Nozela, Carina de Freitas Vellosa
;
Garcia, Ducinei
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5236758856687873
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3851197281826782
This work aims at the development of physical phenomena simulations associated to mathematical modeling and experimentation. The choice of geometrical optics is due, among other reasons, to the need for raising the students’ awareness concerning this important Physics theme. Concepts related to the refraction of light were studied, from basic notions to more complex applications like the negative refraction index in metamaterials. A survey was conducted, both in literature and among students, to diagnose existing misconceptions regarding transmission, reflection and refraction of light. In view of the survey results, we analyzed some educational software available for free use (Simulations PhET - Interactive Simulations, Easy Java Simulations, Geogebra, Algodoo, Modellus and their versions and Scratch) to determine which one would be most suitable to the objectives of this work. Modellus-X was chosen because it features construction tools with various representations of the same situation, exploring or building, at the same time, equations, tables, graphics and animations, whether for exploratory or expressive modeling. The set of simulations, experiments and mathematical models presented in this paper is meant to encourage the learner to investigate diverse possibilities within Physics learning, and provide him with an enhanced teaching/learning process.
Serendipity prospecção semântica de dados qualitativos em Educação Especial
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-08-22)
Fernandes, Woquiton Lima
;
Santos, Marilde Terezinha Prado
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9826026025118073
;
Mendes, Enicéia Gonçalves
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3897627554738983
In the past decades, there has been a revolution in the way science has been conducted. The current context has demanded more collaborative work such as, studies in research networks of large scale. One of the many essential marks of change in this new way of making science has been the intense usage of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT), or “eScience”. Nowadays, it plays a fundamental role in the methodology adopted by many research groups around the world. Analyses of the qualitative data evidenced in researches about Special Education were done then. The biggest challenge that was noticed would be to advance in the analysis of qualitative data using information technologies without losing the subjectivity involved in the research and to broaden the capability of going over the data without losing the right to come and go, the right to critique and establish proper reflexions, respecting subjective positioning and, above all, maintaining the research's critic criteria. In this sense, this work establishes as its main objective to evaluate the proposed technological architecture of qualitative analyses of data. This analysis was based upon data mining theories, researches in ontology and techniques of semantic notation in the field of special education aiming to analyze the thresholds and possibilities this methodological approach permits. We used as methodology the construction of a prototype, named Serendipity, based on the perspective of software engineering, in order to extract the main techniques that could set as a safe method for design, implementation and deployment of the solution. Cyclically, the methodology allowed us to modify requirements and establish improvements, allowing the feedback process from new analyses. The text mining process relied on gaining knowledge from textual databases that have little or no data structure. The computational ontology was the element able to reconstruct the syntactic representation, giving it direction. The words (data) are related and are set within a context of formal knowledge, providing them with a semantic and cognitive ability, building concepts, open to interpretation, comprehension and common understanding; as a result, we built up a specific ontology for Special Education. The semantic annotation helped attach content to the text to describe their semantics, allowing that software agents could retrieve information in a more precise manner through the association of the document to the ontology in a conception of semantic fields. We built a customized dictionary for special education to relate terms to synonyms and expressions associated with the ontology. To view beyond the semantic classes, we used automatic concept maps to establish relationships between concepts included in a hierarchical structure of propositions. Finally, to assess the proposal, we made use of part of the data collected from the National Observatory of Special Education in transcribed texts about the formation of five cities, one from each region of Brazil. The results show limits already recognized in the proposal and; in this respect, did not aim to establish a subjective and deep analysis that would permit extreme precision results. It points out that the researcher is and will always be the driving factor that operates the process’ flow and relying, or not, on computing tools is not entirely immune to err. The proposal of serendipity has given a step forward in the automatic process of data analysis and can be used in big data without losing the subjectivity of the researcher. However, we must add new human and technological resources to contribute to its improvement and encourage other areas to develop domain ontologies with their experts and the development of specific dictionaries. Therefore, despite its limitations, the approach has shown significant advances in semantic exploration of qualitative data in the Special Education field and it is capable of being adapted to other areas and fields of knowledge.
Redes e mediadores no fortalecimento da agricultura familiar no maciço da Pedra Branca, RJ
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-08-22)
Oliveira, Lara Angelo
;
Abreu, Lucimar Santiago de
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7025928931374268
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9879941336602146
The experiences of urban agriculture follow the social and political phenomenon known as invisibility of the peasantry, which is reinforced by the urban planning, which threaten and marginalize the agricultural areas of the municipality. In the West Zone of Rio de Janeiro, in addition to the pressure of urbanization, the farmers of the Pedra Branca Massif suffer from the neglect of the Government and with restrictions on agricultural practice and removing threats, due to the creation of the State Park, in 1974. Such factors contributed to the decline of agriculture at that location and, consequently, to the shortage of labor, which represents one of the greatest challenges for the continuity of the activity and for the livelihood of families. In this context, family farmers have been articulated in networks in order to strengthen their struggle to stay in the territory, through legitimation of their identities, access to new markets and the insertion in the context of public policy. The survey was developed with family farmers from Vargem Grande, in the Pedra Branca Massif, joint to Rio Network of Urban Agriculture, starting from the hypothesis that the actions and relations of several agents can modify the settings of the conflicts and give rise to new identities that strengthen the political action of the actors. The goal is to understand the role of networks and mediators to strengthening of the family farm in the Pedra Branca Massif. The field work was based on participant observation, complemented by semi-structured oral interviews,participation in meeting, visits and informal conversations. It was concluded that social and political organization, supported by mediators and networking, in addition to contributing to the politicization of the subject, has been building and affirming identities that produce representations about space and legitimize the presence of farmers in this protected urban territory, ensuring the vitality of their practice