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Serendipity prospecção semântica de dados qualitativos em Educação Especial
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-08-22) Fernandes, Woquiton Lima; Santos, Marilde Terezinha Prado; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9826026025118073; Mendes, Enicéia Gonçalves; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3897627554738983; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5963118251382655
In the past decades, there has been a revolution in the way science has been conducted. The current context has demanded more collaborative work such as, studies in research networks of large scale. One of the many essential marks of change in this new way of making science has been the intense usage of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT), or “eScience”. Nowadays, it plays a fundamental role in the methodology adopted by many research groups around the world. Analyses of the qualitative data evidenced in researches about Special Education were done then. The biggest challenge that was noticed would be to advance in the analysis of qualitative data using information technologies without losing the subjectivity involved in the research and to broaden the capability of going over the data without losing the right to come and go, the right to critique and establish proper reflexions, respecting subjective positioning and, above all, maintaining the research's critic criteria. In this sense, this work establishes as its main objective to evaluate the proposed technological architecture of qualitative analyses of data. This analysis was based upon data mining theories, researches in ontology and techniques of semantic notation in the field of special education aiming to analyze the thresholds and possibilities this methodological approach permits. We used as methodology the construction of a prototype, named Serendipity, based on the perspective of software engineering, in order to extract the main techniques that could set as a safe method for design, implementation and deployment of the solution. Cyclically, the methodology allowed us to modify requirements and establish improvements, allowing the feedback process from new analyses. The text mining process relied on gaining knowledge from textual databases that have little or no data structure. The computational ontology was the element able to reconstruct the syntactic representation, giving it direction. The words (data) are related and are set within a context of formal knowledge, providing them with a semantic and cognitive ability, building concepts, open to interpretation, comprehension and common understanding; as a result, we built up a specific ontology for Special Education. The semantic annotation helped attach content to the text to describe their semantics, allowing that software agents could retrieve information in a more precise manner through the association of the document to the ontology in a conception of semantic fields. We built a customized dictionary for special education to relate terms to synonyms and expressions associated with the ontology. To view beyond the semantic classes, we used automatic concept maps to establish relationships between concepts included in a hierarchical structure of propositions. Finally, to assess the proposal, we made use of part of the data collected from the National Observatory of Special Education in transcribed texts about the formation of five cities, one from each region of Brazil. The results show limits already recognized in the proposal and; in this respect, did not aim to establish a subjective and deep analysis that would permit extreme precision results. It points out that the researcher is and will always be the driving factor that operates the process’ flow and relying, or not, on computing tools is not entirely immune to err. The proposal of serendipity has given a step forward in the automatic process of data analysis and can be used in big data without losing the subjectivity of the researcher. However, we must add new human and technological resources to contribute to its improvement and encourage other areas to develop domain ontologies with their experts and the development of specific dictionaries. Therefore, despite its limitations, the approach has shown significant advances in semantic exploration of qualitative data in the Special Education field and it is capable of being adapted to other areas and fields of knowledge.
Aulas-oficina de física moderna integrando TIC e demonstração experimental
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-08-22) João, Herbert Alexandre; Garcia, Ducinei; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5236758856687873; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4203763846813229
The present work intends to produce and provide instructional material to high school teachers of physics, focusing on workshop methodology as a viable alternative to physics classes. It is proposed to equip teachers with innovative tools and context for the process of teaching-learning physics, based on the use of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) and experimental practices. Detailed scripts were developed for the implementation of the methodology and offer of workshops in classrooms about Modern Physics (MP). From the literature it was observed that the workshops when developed with its own teachers, would make it possible to overcome deficits in their initial formation, including those regarding to the use of experimentation, technology, innovative methodologies and concepts of MP. Studies have demonstrated the real need to help teachers in the search for new alternatives for insertion of physics and its teaching in the social and technological reality of its students; As well as the effectiveness of instructional material in overcoming, even if timidly, some shortcomings with regard to pedagogical practice and the teaching of certain challenging content, in a contextualizing and motivating perspective.
Tornando-se um “acampado” a experiência das famílias organizadas pelo Movimento dos Trabalhadores Sem Teto (MTST)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-08-22) Giaquinto, Marina Ferreira; Sanchez, Fábio José Bechara; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6423443695464907; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6171908041022465
Starting from Chicos Mendes's occupation analysis, this study intend to understand how is the struggle experience of The people of the Homeless Workers Movement (MTST) while they are camped. For this, however, we seek to recover the genesis of the problems that give, from one side, the formation of the movement for its integration to the socio-spatial inequalities from the city, and on the other hand, give basis for the social experiences lived and brought by people who enter in MTST while camping.This wide scenario will be the base to the preparation of the study and understanding of the encounter of these two distinct logics, among families who choose to be part of the movement and the political propositions of it. It will be in this interstice, understood by the movement only by the need of a housing, we will make this study through the pleople experience. Through the fieldwork done at the occupation and the literature reviews, it is evident in this study that MTST will be in a very distinguished suburb, similar to those which gave base to the appearance of urban movements from the 1970s and 1980s. And, therefore, will be by this widely modified scenario (both in the social experience of individuals and about the social management promoted by the state) that MTST seek to gain their legitimacy.
Redes e mediadores no fortalecimento da agricultura familiar no maciço da Pedra Branca, RJ
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-08-22) Oliveira, Lara Angelo; Abreu, Lucimar Santiago de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7025928931374268; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9879941336602146
The experiences of urban agriculture follow the social and political phenomenon known as invisibility of the peasantry, which is reinforced by the urban planning, which threaten and marginalize the agricultural areas of the municipality. In the West Zone of Rio de Janeiro, in addition to the pressure of urbanization, the farmers of the Pedra Branca Massif suffer from the neglect of the Government and with restrictions on agricultural practice and removing threats, due to the creation of the State Park, in 1974. Such factors contributed to the decline of agriculture at that location and, consequently, to the shortage of labor, which represents one of the greatest challenges for the continuity of the activity and for the livelihood of families. In this context, family farmers have been articulated in networks in order to strengthen their struggle to stay in the territory, through legitimation of their identities, access to new markets and the insertion in the context of public policy. The survey was developed with family farmers from Vargem Grande, in the Pedra Branca Massif, joint to Rio Network of Urban Agriculture, starting from the hypothesis that the actions and relations of several agents can modify the settings of the conflicts and give rise to new identities that strengthen the political action of the actors. The goal is to understand the role of networks and mediators to strengthening of the family farm in the Pedra Branca Massif. The field work was based on participant observation, complemented by semi-structured oral interviews,participation in meeting, visits and informal conversations. It was concluded that social and political organization, supported by mediators and networking, in addition to contributing to the politicization of the subject, has been building and affirming identities that produce representations about space and legitimize the presence of farmers in this protected urban territory, ensuring the vitality of their practice
Do positivo ao negativo : utilizando ferramentas computacionais e experimentação para a simulação de (meta)materiais refrativos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-08-22) Nozela, Carina de Freitas Vellosa; Garcia, Ducinei; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5236758856687873; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3851197281826782
This work aims at the development of physical phenomena simulations associated to mathematical modeling and experimentation. The choice of geometrical optics is due, among other reasons, to the need for raising the students’ awareness concerning this important Physics theme. Concepts related to the refraction of light were studied, from basic notions to more complex applications like the negative refraction index in metamaterials. A survey was conducted, both in literature and among students, to diagnose existing misconceptions regarding transmission, reflection and refraction of light. In view of the survey results, we analyzed some educational software available for free use (Simulations PhET - Interactive Simulations, Easy Java Simulations, Geogebra, Algodoo, Modellus and their versions and Scratch) to determine which one would be most suitable to the objectives of this work. Modellus-X was chosen because it features construction tools with various representations of the same situation, exploring or building, at the same time, equations, tables, graphics and animations, whether for exploratory or expressive modeling. The set of simulations, experiments and mathematical models presented in this paper is meant to encourage the learner to investigate diverse possibilities within Physics learning, and provide him with an enhanced teaching/learning process.
Design for Environment e Lean Manufacturing: uma relação para o ciclo de desenvolvimento do produto
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-08-22) Pinto Junior, Marcos José Alves; Mendes, Juliana Veiga; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5692633697407656; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6227225176666448
This research is an exploratory study presenting the Design for Environment - DfE as one of the environmental management practices in Industrial Ecology in the product development cycle. The DfE should examine the entire life cycle of a product, such as its development, manufacture, use and disposal proposing changes to the project in order to minimize its environmental impact. This product design technique makes it possible to achieve the usual goals in their design, such as performance, reliability and cost of manufacturing. These together with environmental goals, for example to reduce environmental damage, reduced use of resources, increasing energy efficiency and material recycling. Thus, there is need for replacement almost obligatory for some product types. However, the rapid replacement of these products, as well as its disposal can create serious environmental problems, by volume, the material in its composition that take a long time to decompose, such as plastic, glass and metal, but especially because of the heavy metals that can compose, are highly damaging to human health. Not being enough, there are still suitable locations for disposal of many products into disuse. The growth of the contingent of consumers who prefer to buy goods and services that respect the nature is one of the factors that drives the treatment of environmental problems, in addition to the rapid popularization of products and obsolescence of some models. Aspects of reduction of natural resources can be developed into a company that include one Lean Manufacturing environment that aims at a reduction of waste, seeking to improve productivity and quality. This relationship contribute to sustainable development suggesting the existence of an enabling environment for the realization of efforts aimed at reducing or eliminating waste. Through a case study it became clear that DfE practices is related to some Lean tools, as part of its purpose. Also some tools that the company uses environmental exert influence, may be applied in product design to minimize the environmental impact. This work presents the practices observed by a Literature Review Systematic comparison with the case study and the DfE practices that relate to Lean.
Análise da implementação da política de educação permanente em saúde em uma região do Estado de São Paulo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-08-22) Ribeiro, Cristiane; Arantes, Cássia Irene Spinelli; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4246837549578145; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1257993308980811
The object of this research is to analyze how the process of actions implementation of Permanent Education in Health (EPS) works in a region of São Paulo, on the assumption that the Unified Health System (SUS) has responsibility for ordering and training Human Resources - HR for health. In addition, it is still far from a professional training and working process reorganization to promote transformation and reorientation of attention, care and management models. This is an exploratorydescriptive study of qualitative approach, whose main objective is to analyze through documental research, public documents of the municipalities relating to EPS actions, emphasizing the EPS deployment and implementation in the territory of the Regional Health Department III - DRSIII Araraquara / São Paulo. The analysis was guided by the theoretical reference of EPS and Primary Health Care (ABS), and the results were presented by categories. The guiding documents such as the Regional Action Plan for Permanent Education in Health (PAREPS) and the Health Maps were identified, and submitted to documental analysis with thematic content technique, which enabled to identify how the EPS actions is being implemented in a region of the state of São Paulo. Based on qualitative analysis, the results, organized and presented by health region, show their characterization as well as the needs and proposals identified in each PAREPS within the period of 2008 to 2015. Through the analysis, it is apprehended that the EPS can be considered a “management and intervention strategy” that suggests a revision of management, attention, training workers and social participation practices in a critical and reflective perspective, making articulations between training and the working world, and, supporting significant learning, in a learning process that could produce senses and meanings in order to contribute to the social transformation of reality.