Navegando por Data de Publicação, começando com "2016-09-26"

Filtrar resultados por ano ou mês

Agora exibindo 1 - 4 de 4

Interface cérebro-computador para detectar sonolência usando a abordagem de aprendizagem baseada em instâncias
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-09-26) Jalilifard, Amir; Pizzolato, Ednaldo Brigante; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2821982735490884; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4901451793354227
Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) is a way to establish a communication between brain and computers. It allows the users to control a computer system and even an environment without moving a muscle or it allows the computer to record and analyze the user’s neuropsychological brain activities. Clearly, the range of BCI applications has increased in the past decade due to the use of modern machine learning and signal processing methods. Among various applications of BCI, lately, the use of EEG records for driver safety has been considered by some researchers. Drowsy driving is a major cause of many traffic accidents. The aim of this work is to develop an automatic drowsiness detection system using an efficient k-nearest neighbors (K-NN) algorithm. First, the distribution of power in time-frequency space was obtained using short-time Fourier transform (STFT) and then, the mean value of power during time-segments of 0.5 second was calculated for each EEG sub-band. In addition, standard deviation (SD) and Shanon entropy related to each time-segment were computed from time-domain. Finally, 52 features were extracted. Random forest algorithm was applied over the extracted data, aiming to choose the most informative subset of features. A total of 11 features were selected in order to classify drowsiness and alertness. The Kd-tree algorithm was used as the nearest neighbors search algorithm so as to have a fast classifier. Our experimental results show that drowsiness can be classified efficiently with 91% accuracy using the methods and materials proposed in this paper. We also compared the classification results obtained by K-NN (as an instance-based learning algorithm) with four well-known classifiers including decision tree, support vector machine, logistic regression and Naive Bayes.
Aprendizagem de posturas em equoterapia por crianças com transtorno do espectro autista (TEA)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-09-26) Barbosa, Gardenia de Oliveira; Munster, Mey de Abreu Van; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7861049737421476; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6901706212084983
The autistic spectrum disorder (ASD) is characterized by inadequacies in social interaction, communication skills, learning and adaptability. The person with ASD should be exposed to conditions that stimulate its maximum development in order to promote the learning process in different contexts. In this sense, the hippotherapy can be an effective strategy in the child development process with ASD, since it favors different sensory systems. However, in order the learning process to become efficient, it is necessary to employ compensatory teaching strategies that provide access to information in order to provide effective opportunity to participate in the activity. The study aimed at analyzing the effectiveness of aid levels in the posture learning process in hippotherapy for children with ASD. As for the method, this study was single-subject design, type AB with replicas of designs with single subject; three children with ASD aged between four and nine years had participated in the study. Participants underwent hippotherapy intervention lasting four months, twice a week, corresponding to 31 individual sessions of hippotherapy. As data collection instrument was made anamnesis with the parents or guardians, the Assessment of Basic Learning Abilities, field diary and checklist. The checklist was based on 10 postures namely, mount, prone, side mount, inverted mount, inverted prone, standing in the stirrups, four supports, inverted four supports, kneeling and reversed kneeling. The data analysis on the progress of each participant was descriptive. Regarding the results, it was observed that all participants were able to perform the postures with verbal assistance at the late intervention, and the learning process mediated by the visualverbal, physical and verbal aids. The latter was predominant. We conclude that the aid was effective overall, once all participants have evolved compared to the baseline, they also respond more effectively to physical and verbal assistance to later the verbal one. Moreover, learning is favored by the association of various aids, as different sensory inputs were benefited; therefore, there is no universally more efficient method; each child has a peculiar way of relating to the world and hence to the learning processes.
Etanol e suas associações : efeitos comportamentais e cardiovasculares
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-09-26) Engi, Sheila Antonagi; Crestani, Carlos Cesar; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1117432571971568; Planeta, Cleopatra da Silva; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2514762545280942; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8519239093983320
Alcohol abuse is a worldwide problem with concomitant medical, social and economic costs. In Brazil, epidemiological data show an increase in the abuse of illicit and licit drugs, such as ethanol and steroids. Studies indicate that physical exercise influences ethanol consumption and preference and is positively correlated with steroids abuse. Despite many evidences, there is no study about the association between ethanol consumption, physical exercise and steroids abuse. In the present study, we investigated 1) the effects of physical exercise associated to testosterone treatment in ethanol intermittent access drinking; 2) consequences of the association between physical exercise, ethanol intermittent access and chronic testosterone treatment upon the cardiovascular system of rats. Many studies suggest that the mTORC1- mammalian target of rapamycin complex participates in the mechanisms related to ethanol abuse. In this way, we investigated the mTORC1 role in the ethanol intermittent access consumption maintenance. Our results showed that a) physical exercise improved treadmill performance in rats and did not change ethanol consumption; b) ethanol voluntary consumption was not affected either by physical exercise or by testosterone treatment; c) ethanol voluntary intermittent access did not change basal arterial pressure and heart rate; d) testosterone treatment caused rest bradycardia; e) ethanol consumption and testosterone treatment altered vascular reactivity to vasoactive agents, that was also altered by physical exercise. These results show the first evidence of ethanol intermittent access and testosterone treatment on cardiovascular functions in trained rats. Our results also suggest that the downstream mTORC1 pathway is related to excessive and abusive ethanol consumption.
Efeito de rochagem, vinhaça e plantas de cobertura no desenvolvimento do feijoeiro (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) e em atributos químicos do solo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-09-26) Souza, Maicon Douglas Bispo de; Fontanetti, Anastácia; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3598362104615834; Assad, Maria Leonor Ribeiro Casimiro Lopes; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0379324550884468; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2351902347933865
The Brazilian territory is constituted mostly by nutrient-poor soils. To keep the Brazilian agricultural activity is necessary to import and apply high amounts of fertilizers, which tends to aggravate the imbalance in the trade balance. Thus, rocks containing reasonable amounts of nutrients may be an alternative to supply the essential elements for agricultural use. But this practice has limitations, including the slow solubilization of the minerals present in the rock, which limits the release of nutrient amounts required by plants, especially the short cycle. The study aimed to evaluate changes in the chemical attributes of an Oxisol, in which the bean crop (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) occurred in succession to cover crops and the application of vinasse and remineralizer (basalt powder). The essay was conducted in a greenhouse and the experimental design was a randomized block in a factorial scheme 4x4x2, with three replications, and sampling in four times (0, 45, 90 and 110 days). Four doses of basalt powder (0, 2, 4 and 8 t ha-1) and two doses of vinasse (0 m3 ha- 1 and 200 m3 ha-1) were applied and four types of coverage were adopted: fallow (control), crotalaria (Crotalaria juncea L.), millet (Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Brown) and brachiaria (Urocloa cv. ruziziensis Germain & Evrard). The variables evaluated were: the plant height (h), dry mass, chlorophyll relative index Falker (ICF), specific leaf area (IAF), levels of macronutrients (N, P, Ca, Mg and S total) on the leaves of the bean, and soil organic matter (MOS) content, pH in CaCl2, potential acidity (H+Al), sum of bases (SB), cation exchange capacity (CTC), bases saturation (V) and P, K, Ca, and Mg contents of the soil. The association of vinasse and rates of remineralizer increased thebiometric parameters. The combination of rates of remineralizer and cover plants promoted differences in foliar macronutrient levels, with satisfactory levels of sufficiency to the bean, in the stage assessed. The application of vinasse provided lower rates of macronutrients accumulation in common beanin relation to treatments without vinasse. The use of remineralizer showed low response in chemical soil attributes, with values of pH, V and CTC lower than the initial ones. Cover crops showed no significant effect on pH and V, with a small decrease in H+Al, mainly in the braquiaria. The application of vinasse provided significant increases in chemical attributes V, pH and decreased H+Al. The pH values increased until 45 days of incubation (DAI), but with bean cultivation they decreased and were close to its initial values. On the other hand, the H+Al decreases until the bean planting, but tended to initial values after 45 DAI. The bean cultivation also decreased V. Interactions showed little effect of the associations on the evaluated variables, but the association of remineralizer with vinasse stood out for its effect on the variables pH, H + Al and V. The vinasse application was the most influential factor on the macronutrientes of the soil, presenting lower concentrations of these in the soil when applied, except for K. It is concluded that the use of cover plants with the application of remineralizer is little advantageous to increase the solubilization of nutrients contained in the remineralizer, although the amount absorbed by the cover plants has not been evaluated.