Navegando por Data de Publicação, começando com "2016-10-10"

Filtrar resultados por ano ou mês

Agora exibindo 1 - 4 de 4

Celso Furtado e José Medina Echavarría: subdesenvolvimento, desenvolvimentismo e política
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-10-10) Pinto, Gustavo Louis Henrique; Cepêda, Vera Alves; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4917331423373631; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4075161446709253
Focusing the study on the intellectual production of Celso Furtado and José Medina Echavarría, this research comparatively discusses the proposals of those thinkers concerning the theory of underdevelopment (as a particular historical and political formation) and the developmentalist project (a “guided” promotion of development via planning). Thus, we put into question the theses and projects of those two thinkers in the context of debates in the field of ECLAC tradition, seeking to analyze how authors with different methods (historical-structural in Furtado and Weberian rationality in Echavarría) reached the same thematic configuration in the explanation of the problem of development in Latin American trajectories and its transformation, electing as central in the analysis the role of policies and the privileged theme of democracy. Our question is to analyze the similarities and differences found in the theses of Furtado and Echavarría in unveiling the logic of underdevelopment and to understand how, from different angles, democracy appears endowed with fundamental importance in the process of overcoming underdevelopment.
Características físicas do lenho em grupos fenológicos foliares de arbóreas de cerrado
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-10-10) Venancio, Natalia Cristina; Prado, Carlos Henrique Britto de Assis; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7561749470600567; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8973645086423515
Leaf phenological groups of cerrado tree species show significant differences not only concerning the maintenance of foliage throughout the year but also about reproductive phenology as the peak and duration of flowering. In addition to the vegetative and reproductive phenology, deciduous (DE) semideciduous (SD) and evergreen (EV) cerrado trees have canopy architecture and the type of branching and leaf production significantly different. Therefore, the structure and functionality of wood probably show significant differences in these three groups (DE, SD, and EV). We aimed to determine the physical characteristics of wood and their relationships in aerial and underground parts of DE, SD, and EV tree species of cerrado vegetation. Internal (density, porosity, and water storage capacity) and external (crown height and root depth) physical traits of wood were determined in species distributed in DE, SD, and EV in two stages of development: adult and in the initial growth. By sections of the trunk at the transition between aerial and underground portions, we obtained results from bark and trunk in studied leaf phenological groups. There was a significant difference between DE and EV in a functional gradient where we found SD species. This group showed similar values to DE or EV species or even significantly different from both groups depending on the analyzed trait. Thus, the species distributed in leaf phenological groups also differed significantly in internal and external physical characteristics of wood in branches, in the transition from aerial to aboveground part and underground portion. These results indicated species grouped by leaf phenology have several other physical characteristics significantly different. Therefore, leaf phenological groups of cerrado trees are, in fact, functional groups. It has been successfully used to show that leaf phenology is just one attribute among many others traits distributed in the canopy, stem, and root assembling tree species of cerrado in at least three functional groups. Therefore, regardless the phylogenetic relatedness in each foliar phenological group these species belong to a functional group. Adults DE species growing under natural conditions are taller and have branches less dense and with more imbibition capacity than EV species. Conversely, in early years of growth DE were still taller with a deeper root system but with branches, stem and roots less dense than EV species. The inversion of wood internal traits between DE-EV demonstrated that the strategies for the acquisition and use of resources changed during tree development. It resulted in adult individuals significantly different and these changes probably depended on the biomass accumulated (size) in cerrado trees. The identification of these functional groups of trees is useful for more efficient management of protected areas or for recovering degraded areas of cerrado vegetation. The functional groups of cerrado trees could be identified not only by a list of attributes significantly different but by the reliance among these traits. These relationships built up a particular syndrome in each functional group. Syndromes originated through compromises among characteristics result in specific skills for acquisition, use and storage resources in every tree functional group. These skills result in similar survival strategies (reproduction, growth, and defense) and responses to environmental stresses in each of these functional groups of tree species of the cerrado vegetation.
Análise da acessibilidade do Parque Natural Municipal Victório Squierolli (Uberlândia/MG) para visitação de pessoas com deficiências física, auditiva e visual
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-10-10) Lima, Ana Beatriz Leça de; Melo, Ismail Barra Nova de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3576937472687059; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4141601814503431
The accessibility for park users with disabilities is rarely addressed. When it is addressed, the types of disabilities are treated individually. However, it is noteworthy that public spaces and services are used by all categories simultaneously. Due to that fact, the main purpose of this work is to analyze the accessibility for three types of disabilities: physical, hearing and visual. This was done in the facilities and activities offered by the Parque Natural Municipal Victório Siquierolli, located in Uberlândia / Minas Gerais. This is a relevant place in non-formal environmental education, offering activities for local schools, researchers and society in general; which also supports the research and extension activities of the Federal University of Uberlândia. Although the location has some access for wheelchair users, there is no specific accessibility project for other disabilities. The research methodology was divided into literature review and documentary research and field research. Field research included direct observation through photographic registration of the park structures using as a gathering instrument, a protocol based on Brazilian Standard NBR 9050/2015, profiling the mediators working in the park and the from the perspective of three associations for each type of disability of this study, through semi-structured interviews. With the results, we can notice that the park does not have all the structures for accessibility that NBR 9050/2015 standard requires, and the present structures, such as ramps, signs, handicap restrooms and free space for movement are not entirely suitable, with a view only to assist people with physical disabilities, more specifically wheelchair users. So necessary adjustments should be done to benefit other disability categories cited in this study, in order to improve the structure of the park and as a consequence increase and diversify the visitors.
A Convenção nº 169 da Organização Internacional do Trabalho sobre direitos indígenas e sua (in)aplicabilidade no território brasileiro
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-10-10) Souza Júnior, Ângelo Aparecido de; Sola, Fernanda; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2265749626773521; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6964755032225808
The Brazilian Federal Constitution of 1988 brought great changes concerning the treatment of indigenous peoples, especially the principle of alterity, reflecting on the right for the indigenous people to be different, as well as the issues on indigenous lands, which have some of very own institutes, diverse from Brazilian Civilian Law. However, it has not always been this way. Brazil has been through many legislation evolutions until we reached the current moment, when the integrationist idea relating the indigenous people to the local society has lost its power and has now disappeared, after the 1988 Constitution. We started with the investigation of the existence or not of an indigenous estate inside the Brazilian territory before the European colonization that justifies the primary rights to the lands that they traditionally occupy, provided by our Federal Constitution. To corroborate the need for a better protection to the indigenous people, we studied the International Conventions, which were held around this subject, especially the ones edited by the International Labour Organization (ILO), which asks for a detailed analysis on the organization and its juridical capacity of International Law to be part of a treaty. Therefore, considering the referred International Conventions endorsed by Brazil, we could observe the concern in the International scenery about the indigenous people. Notwithstanding the endorsement by Brazil, it is necessary to analyze the process of internalization of these, considering the dualist and unitary tendencies; the status of these conventions when they get to Brazil; and the eventuality of some constitutional habit. We also searched in the infra-constitutional legislation, if it presents any irregular habit with the Federal Constitution and if they contribute to a better perception of the importance of the protection of the indigenous peoples as a mechanism of preservation of the social organization, customs, languages, beliefs and traditions of these peoples.