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Contaminantes emergentes em estações de tratamento de esgoto aeróbia e anaeróbia
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-11-21)
Grosseli, Guilherme Martins
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Fadini, Pedro Sérgio
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3255060531838427
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8758982764260394
The wastewater treatment plant (WWTPs) play an important role to ensuring the health and preservation of aquatic ecosystems through biological removal (mainly) of pollutants and microorganisms in the sanitary and industrial sewage, avoiding the disposal "in natura" of sewage on water and soil. Among these organic contaminants stand out Emerging Contaminants (EC), like pharmaceuticals, personal care products and endocrine disruptors, drug abuse, etc.In this study, it was investigated the occurrence and evaluated the removal of 12 EC: naproxen (NPX), diclofenac (DCF), ibuprofen (IBU), caffeine (CAF), carbamazepine (CBZ), propranolol (PRP), atenolol (ATL ), 1-hydroxyibuprofen (IBU-1OH), 2-hydroxy-ibuprofen (IBU-2OH), 10,11-dihydro-10,11-dihydroxy-carbamazepine (CBZ-DIOH), 2-hydroxy-carbamazepine (CBZ-2OH) at two wastewater treatment plants operating with biologic system, one aerobic and another one anaerobic. The first one is located in Jundiaí / SP city and the second one in São Carlos / SP. The target compounds were extracted from the aqueous phase by solid phase extraction (SPE). The analytical determinations were done through liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry with triple quadrupole analyzer (UPLC-MS / MS).Pharmaceuticals, metabolites and personal care product triclosan were detected in all samples. The WWTP CSJJundiaí, which operates in aerobic system showed high removal values (R>70%), in all samples, for the CAF, NPX, ATL, IBU-1OH and TCS, moderate removal (70%>R> 20%) for the IBU and IBU-2 OH, low removal (R <20%) and production (R <0%) for CBZ and PRP.On the other hand ETE-Monjolinho, which operates in an anaerobic system presented a less removal of contaminants, where only caffeine had R> 70%.Thecompounds TCS IBU-2OH, IBU-1OH and ATL was moderate removal, CBZ-DIOH, CBZ and IBU was poorly removal, while it was observed production of DCF, PRP and CBZ-2OH (R < 0%). The metabolite CBZ-DIOH was recalcitrant to degradation in both WWTP. Moreover, it was noticed that WWTP can not only promote the degradation of some contaminants but also the production of the same, as is the case of DCF, CBZ, CBZ-2OH, CBZ-DIOH and PRP in both WWTP, and Moreover, it is possible to observe that STPs can promote not only the degradation of some contaminants but also the production of the same, as is the case of DCF, CBZ, CBZ-2 OH, CBZ-DIOH and PRP in both STPs, and ATL, IBU, and IBU-1OH only in ETE-Monjolinho. Despite both WWTP not completely remove the organic contaminants, it was found that WWTP with aerobic biodegradation has proved more effective in removing the EC than anaerobic biodegradation.The currently WWTP technologies are not able to eliminated most of EC, providing this contaminants into water bodies. This work aim to contributes to the understanding the EC in WWTP, in order to support better operating parameters of WWTP or the requirement of new technologies which allowed the removal of these contaminants providing treated wastewater that could helping for the global water scarcity problem.
Capacidade de exercício e efeitos de diferentes intensidades de exercício resistido em um treinamento físico combinado em pacientes com doença pulmonar obstrutiva crônica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-11-22)
Santos, Júlia Gianjoppe dos
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Di Lorenzo, Valéria Amorim Pires
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9071791546812165
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8646547228832836
The scientific literature of patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) brings several specific aspects in relation to exercise capacity and physical training. However, there are gaps that have not been elucidated, bringing scientific questions that enabled this thesis development. The questions presented were: 1) Do patients with more symptomatic COPD present different exercise capacity on a cycle ergometer according to disease severity? 2) What limiting factors of exercise capacity are related to greater functional impairment of patients with COPD and greater disease severity? 3) In patients with COPD, which intensity of resistance training in a combined physical training produces more positive effects on peripheral muscle strength, exercise capacity, symptoms perception and quality of life? Thus, two studies were performed involving the problematic presented with following aims: 1) to identify how the limiting factors (ventilatory, cardiovascular, oxygenation and peripheral muscles) are involved in exercise performance and to determine whether there is difference on exercise capacity in more symptomatic patients with different disease severity; 2) to compare the effect of two combined trainings, different regarding the intensity of the resistance training, on peripheral muscle strength, exercise capacity, symptoms and quality of life in patients with COPD and to verify which intensity of training was capable of presenting a larger proportion of responder patients. Methods: The first study was a cross-sectional study with thirty-eight symptomatic patients with COPD (COPD assessment test ≥ 10 points) that were assessed by: Spirometry, Symptom-limited Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing (CPET), Six Minute Walk Test (6MWT), isometric muscle strength test of knee extensors (KExt) and hip abductors (HAbd) with Microfet2 dynamometer. Subjects were grouped according to airway obstruction level [Group 1: FEV1 ≥ 50% (n=17, 66±9yrs, FEV1=61.1± 9.9%pred) and Group 2: FEV1 < 50% (n=21, 67.8±8.9yrs, FEV1=36.3±8.5%pred)]. In second study, with intervention program for patients with COPD, thirty-one patients were assessed and reassessed by: CAT, Saint George’s Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ); isometric muscle strength of KExt and elbow flexors (EFlex); 6MWT; Symptom-limited CPET; constant load cardiopulmonary test (CL-CPET) and one repetition maximum test (1RM). Patients were randomized in two groups and underwent 36 training sessions: combined training with low-intensity resistance training, from 30%1RM to 45%1RM for upper limbs and to 51%1RM for lower limbs (LIRT: n=16, 68.1±9.3years, 10 FEV1=50.0±15.7%pred), and combined training with high intensity resistance training, from 60%1RM to 75%1RM for upper limbs and to 81%1RM for lower limbs (HIRT: n=15, 70±6.5years, FEV 1 =46.8 ± 14.5%pred). Both groups performed aerobic training with work load corresponding to 80% VO2peak in symptom-limited CPET. Results: More symptomatic patients with more severity COPD had significantly lower 6MWD, besides lower oxygen saturation and ventilatory reserve in peak CPET, being that the prevalence of this condition in peak exercise occurred in higher proportion in this group. Furthermore, there were significant differences in isometric strength between groups, being KExt strength able to predict approximately 52% of CPET maximal load. For patients that performed combined training with different intensities of resistance training, there were significant differences regarding symptoms (CAT), quality of life (SGRQ) and exercise capacity (6MWD and Tlim) in both groups, nevertheless, only HIRT presented significative improvement in isometric muscle strength of KExt and EFlex). Both trainings presented values above the minimum clinically important difference (MCID) to symptom and exercise capacity. However, quality of life and KExt and EFlex isometric muscle strength only presented improvements higher than MCID in group HIRT, which also presented a significantly larger number of responder patients considering isometric muscle strength. Conclusion: More symptomatic patients with COPD with higher disease severity present more limitation in exercise tolerance, being lower ventilatory reserve, oxygenation deficit and KExt muscle strength more pronounced limiting factors in these patients. Additionally, aerobic training associated to resistance training was effective to improve symptoms and exercise capacity regardless the intensity of the strength training. However, high intensity resistance training may lead to greater gains regarding quality of life and peripheral muscle strength, which indicates that patients respond more and better to this intensity of training, as well as present greater clinical relevance.
Análise da evolução temporal de dados métricos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-11-22)
Fogaça, Isis Caroline Oliveira de Sousa
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Bueno, Renato
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7189857417959804
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4705543517048838
The expansion of different areas of knowledge through many types of information brought the necessity to support complex data (images, sounds, videos, strings, DNA chains, etc.), that do not have a Total Order Relationship and need other management mechanisms, like the contentbased retrieval. In general, they are represented in metric space domains, where we have only the elements and the distances between them. Through the characteristics extracted from them, we perform the similarity search. Considering the necessity to associate temporal information on these data in many applications, this work aims to analyze the temporal evolve of metric data. One alternative for this is embedding them into a multidimensional space to allow trajectories estimates. We studied different methods of embedding and analyzed how this affected the data’s distribution and, consequently, the estimates. Two new methods were purposed to estimate an element’s status on a different time from that available in database, in order to reduce the number of non-relevant elements on search results. These methods are based on radius search reduction (range) and evaluation of retrieved element’s proximity by using an approximation of reverse k- NN. We performed experiments which showed that purposed methods could improve the estimate’s result, that used to be performed only using k-NN searches.
Cultivo de adubos verdes forrageiros em solo previamente irrigado com efluente tratado de laticínio e cultivo em sucessão da alface
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-11-24)
Donatti, Ramon Nantes
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Gomes, Tamara Maria
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8713189027706362
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Rossi, Fabrício
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0621862166341833
The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential for cultivation of forage green manure species in previously irrigated soil with treated dairy effluent, as a phytoremediation technique of sodium, and cultivation in succession of lettuce. The design was in randomized blocks in a factorial scheme, with three sources of water (anaerobic effluent - ANE, aerobic effluent - AE, and tap water - TW) used in beet cultivation, and the post - cultivation of three green forage fertilizers (calopogo, pigeon pea and millet), with four replicates. After the green manure was cultivated the crisp lettuce, cv. "Brida". The following were evaluated: the development of green manures; phytoextraction of nutrients and sodium; the bromatology of the forages, the chemical characteristics of the soil before and after cultivation of green manures; the productivity of lettuce and its chemical characteristics. Millet presented higher fresh shoot mass production (FSMP) when compared to calopogo and millet. However, it showed reduction of FSMP in ANE in relation to TW. In the soil chemical analysis before and after green manuring, it was found that calcium (Ca) and magnesium (Mg) increased after cultivation of green manures. In relation to sodium (Na), millet phytoextracted 22.4 kg ha-1 , differing statistically from pigeon pea (11.4 kg ha-1 ), in the mean of water sources. Millet was the most efficient phytoextractive sodium species, even though no phytoextraction of Na was present at adequate levels so that the soil could receive effluents again. Millet had higher levels of neutral detergent fiber (FDN), acid detergent fiber (FDA) and hemicellulose. Crude protein (CP) did not differ statistically between green manures. In relation to lettuce productivity, there was difference after millet cultivation (2.80 kg m-2 ) in relation to pigeon pea (3.71 kg m-2 ) and calopogo (3.60 kg m-2 ). The lettuce produced satisfactorily after the cultivation of green manures
Mapeamento de QTL para resistência a Sporisorium scitamineum em população bi-parental de cana-de-açúcar
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-11-24)
Silveira, Bianca Rocha
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Carneiro, Monalisa Sampaio
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2696490871291334
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6171235025228767
The sugarcane is a major global economic importance culture, especially for Brazil. The country is the largest producer of culture and its by-products, sugar and alcohol. The sugarcane has received attention for the generation of electricity. Since the importance of the sugar-energy sector, there is a need to increase agricultural production. This culture is exposed to various diseases caused by pathogens that impair the production of culture. Coal disease is one of them, caused by the fungus S. Scitamineum, making it less susceptible productive varieties and can cause loss of up to 100% of the plantation. More productive varieties with resistance to more diseases, obtained in less time are focused on breeding programs. The study aims to find microsatellite markers (SSR) associated with resistance of sugarcane to the fungus S. scitamineum. It used an F1 population (SP81-3250 RB925345 x) composed of 238 genotypes. Artificial inoculation of sugarcane stalks of the population through telia injection was made. The billets were kept in a greenhouse, and 25 were carried out between January and September 2014 for the first experiment and August 2015 to February 2016 for the experiment II, to identify the incidence of the disease. Molecular analysis and construction of linkage map were made by genotyping with SSR markers, which enabled the construction of linkage map with 128 brands linked, generating 49 linkage groups with a total length of 1297.68 cm. For data on the incidence of coal was used to calculate the area under the disease progress curve (AACPD), normalized to BLUPS values. The analysis allowed us to observe a population with more tolerant genotypes in experiment I and little disease in experiment II. In addition, it was noted that for the first experiment, the 10th to the 25th evaluation, the results were highly correlated, it was not repeated for the second trial. Experiment II showed low incidence in all genotypes of the population and patterns in the study. This incidence difference between the two experiments probably occurred by the difference in temperature conditions to which they were exposed, and the first experiment was set up in the summer with a starting temperature higher and the second trial began with mild temperatures and were increasing with time, the same occurs for the incidence of the disease. The association between phenotype and genotype was performed by analysis of variance, converted to LOD score. It was possible to verify an EST-SSR marker, SCB 370, which was significant (LOD> 3), explaining in 5% of the phenotypic variation for the experiment I.
Governança e relações intergovernamentais : a experiência de desenvolvimento e integração regional do estado do Pará (2007 a 2014)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-11-24)
Oliveira, Jorgiene dos Santos
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Kerbauy, Maria Teresa Miceli
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4762029784021248
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3558355384319525
In the State of Pará, the object of the present research, a significant institutional reform took place in 2007, based on regional decentralization and the search for integrated regional development. Until then, the development and integration models designed for the State were dictated by the federal government, such as the projects executed by the Superintendency for the Development of the Eastern Amazon (SUDAM). In this sense, the main objective of this thesis is to analyze how the governments of the state of Pará from 2007 to 2014 acted to promote regional development. The central question that led to the analysis was: What are the institutional changes of the state governments of Pará in the period from 2007 to 2014 with the objective of integrated regional development? In this study, we assume that the State reform proposed by the government of Pará from 2007 to 2014 was an initiative focused on regional governance, which has an institutional redesign that favors intergovernmental relations both vertically and horizontally Regional development and intraregional integration. Assuming that institutions can contribute to regional development (although limited by institutional constraints), the hypothesis supported by this thesis will be that the State government in Pará, between 2007 and 2014, carried out institutional reforms based on the Strengthening intergovernmental relations for the purpose of regional development. These changes contributed to regional development and were based on regional governance. Thus, it is argued that, because it is an institutional analysis related to regional development and regional integration, the analysis has as its main axis the regional governance paradigm and the theoretical reference of neoinstitutionalism. In this regard, we analyze the institutional, social and environmental dimension of government actions in the period. The methodology used to reach the proposed objective was the qualitative and quantitative analysis of the data on the case of the State of Pará. We started from the analytical model already used in the literature (ABRUCIO, 2010) in relation to the state governments in Brazil. We concluded that the institutional changes proposed by the State governments during the period analyzed sought to favor intergovernmental relations. However, there were factors that limited interlocking and intergovernmental partnerships implemented from initiatives based on regional governance.
O ensino de arte nas escolas públicas paulistas : contraponto crítico sobre a discrepância entre o que se aspira e o que se ensina
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-11-24)
Vieira, Leandro Augusto Gonçalves
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Gomes, Luiz Roberto
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4768579559449929
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1378358232046835
Considering the theoretical and metodological aproaches of Critical Theory of Society, especially by the contributions of Adorno and Horkheimer, this study analyses the discrepancy between what is yearned for and what is taught about art in the public school of São Paulo State. One can verify the misunderstanding of negative dialectic tension between autonomy and adaptation that are carried and expressed in a fundamental educative principle which conciliates the citzenship exercise and the development of job skills. This lack of understanding becomes the formative practices unable to disrupt the collapse of culture. In this Master Thesis, the aim is to demonstrate, by the critical conception of aesthetic experience, the recovering of Art as an underlying element for the formation of learner's emancipation.
IPS: um plug-in para templates de códigos associativos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-11-25)
Moraes, Rodrigo Vieira de
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Guimarães, José de Oliveira
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1861719424612392
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7919040444278953
The APIs are becoming increasingly more popular and they play a important role in software development. However, many APIs are large and complex that makes them hard to learn. Among avaliable resources to learn to use an API, there are the code samples. A code sample can be used to demonstrate to a programmer how to use API’s components together to attain a specific goal. But, code sample are static and they haven’t information about how to adapt the code snippet shown as example to programmer’s context. Tools have been proposed to assist the programmers in finding and adapting code snippets that may be useful for a programming task. A specific type of these tools are the code template tools. Code templates are code snippets manually registered containing integration directives. The integration directives instruct the code template tool on how to adapt a code snippet to programmer’s context. In this work, code snippet tools are investigated and it is proposed a code template tool called IPS. It presents some novelties in relation to other code template tools. In the IPS, a code template can be associated to a Java class and the IPS has a code template recommender that is automatically updated as the source code is edited by the programmer. Also it is proposed the role parameters, a new concept for the parameters of code templates that extends the concept of the parameters associated to a type which is present in current code template tools. The role parameters has the objective of accepting arguments that would at first be incompatible with a specific type, but that obey a expected pattern.
Jogos de linguagem matemáticos da comunidade remanescente de quilombos da Agrovila de Espera, Município de Alcântara, Maranhão
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-11-25)
Castro, Raimundo Santos de
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Caldeira, Ademir Donizeti
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8185048034258055
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9993234233817713
[EN]This research aimed to understand what is manifest in the mathematical practices of members of the remaining community of quilombos of Agrovila Espera, Alcântara - MA, in their everyday social practices, questioning them from their not universal and decoding the effects of significance and meaning assigned to them by community members. The study that led to this text was developed through a qualitative research of ethnographic and analyzes were assisted by ethnographic microanalysis with the support of elements of philosophical thought of Ludwig Wittgenstein. Part initially of theorizing of what became known as “early Wittgenstein” to forward understandings about the notions of “Wittgenstein”, in particular the language of games, trying to present contributions to research in mathematics education that apply to the Ethnomathematics. The leading practice was to manufacture and “empaneiramento” of cassava flour and observations and interviews with audio recordings and video, helped in understanding the dynamics of social relations that are established in the community who have the mathematical practice their sense of existence. It is emphasized that the intertwining of Wittgenstein's notions with the speeches of individuals, allowed also to understand how the mathematical language games that make up and characterize such practices and that remain in its different uses, collaborate for the development of their social practices relating to work and livelihood. The made bibliographic studies and research developed ethnographic allowed further understand that since the 1980s, when the start of dispossession, displacement and resettlement for the implementation of the Alcantara Launch Center (CLA), there is the systematic loss of traditions and socio-cultural aspects of these people and, among them, their mathematical practices. Compulsory changes in their lives, also caused changes in their ways of relating to other communities and interrelate with their own members by changing their historical social practices.
Studies on emotional aspects in the design of user interfaces
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-11-25)
Bianchi, Renata Germano
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Neris, Vânia Paula de Almeida
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0268728255033469
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6430242746242972
Emotions play a crucial role in the way people interact with each other, objects and computing systems, and are a key factor in human-computer interaction. The choice of the appropriate elements for a user interface may result in a better experience of how it can be used. However, most studies investigate people’s preferences and visual aesthetics, without taking into account people’s emotion in the design. This dissertation carries out a series of detailed studies on the emotional effects of user interface elements, by examining colors, fonts and images. A critical analysis of the literature (through a systematic review) combined to the Semantic Space of Emotions, which covers a broad spectrum of emotions, resulted in the proposal of Bianchi’s Color Wheel. An empirical study was conducted on the emotional effects of font types and sizes; this involved 60 users and was necessary because there are so few studies on fonts and emotions in the literature. With regard to font types, in statistical terms, it was found there were no significant differences, although Arial was more closely linked to positive emotions than Times New Roman in the discourse analysis. Small font sizes, 8pt, caused negative experiences and led to tiredness, while medium (12pt) and large (16pt) sizes were mainly related to pleasant and comforting experiences. The third study investigated tagged and felt emotions evoked by images which were collected through social tags that were clearly related to emotions. The aim of the study was to determine whether or not these images are reliable for the design and retrieval. Thus, an online survey was planned and carried out by a group of 410 volunteers who classified pictures from Flickr. The results suggested that there are some emotions tagged that were similar to observers emotions, while others are diffuse and need other criteria for their selection apart from social tags. Finally, it should be mentioned that further studies are needed to address the complete user interface with all these elements and findings combined.
Verificação do atendimento das recomendações do mapeamento de riscos a inundações no município de Sorocaba - SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-11-25)
Arruda, Marcia Magalhães de
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Sola, Fernanda
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2265749626773521
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https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7926-6378
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2502052957759675
This case study presents the profile of the neighborhoods Jardim Abaeté, Parque Vitória Régia, and Parque São Bento, which are classified as medium-risk (R2) and high-risk (R3) flood areas in the North Zone of Sorocaba. The main objective of the research is to assess the management of natural risks based on the guidelines proposed in the Summary of the Risk Mapping Results of the Municipality of Sorocaba, an annex to the Risk Area Mapping for Landslides and Floods prepared by the Geological Institute in 2015. Through the hypothetical-deductive method, bibliographic and documentary research, and the use of the software Google Earth and ArcGIS, an analysis was conducted on the urbanization process and its socio-environmental impacts, with an emphasis on the concepts of risk and vulnerability, examining the adoption of structural and non-structural measures by public authorities aimed at preventing natural disasters. It was evident that measures have been implemented to mitigate the population's risk, with highlights including the construction of a retention basin in Jardim Abaeté, the installation of dikes in Parque Vitória Régia, the relocation of families from risk areas in Parque São Bento, and the installation of a data collection platform (DCP) that monitors the water level of the Sorocaba River and the municipality's rainfall index. The research indicates that the lack of dredging of the Sorocaba River for several years; inadequate urban drainage planning; real estate speculation on land; irregular occupation of floodplains; absence of riparian vegetation in certain areas; high average precipitation levels; and the characteristics of the local terrain are the main factors causing Sorocaba and its neighborhoods to still suffer from flooding during the rainy season, especially in the summer period.
Narrativas educativas de professoras que atuam na EJA: percepções sobre gênero e sexualidade
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-11-25)
Santos, Luiz Fábio
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Nakayama, Bárbara Cristina Moreira Sicardi
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9746628149674449
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0946348536052241
This paper reports a research linked to the Center for Studies and Research on Narratives, Training and Teaching Work (Nepen) developed at the Graduate Program in Education of the Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar) - Campus Sorocaba. The research is focused on perceptions about gender and sexuality to teachers who work in the Youth and Adult Education (EJA). The issue that guides the development of this research of the following question: What are the perceptions about gender and sexuality evidenced in educational narratives produced by teachers who work in adult education and from them which settings can guide their educational practices? The research aims to seek to understand the perceptions of gender and sexuality to teachers who work in adult education and the importance of discussing these issues in the statement of respect for differences in school; point out problems for convergence between education and issues related to gender and sexuality in the adult education and discuss the perceptions of gender and sexuality in the relationship of the daily school EJA driving the reflection on the values that mark our society. To answer this problem the study is structured from a qualitative perspective and uses for production data preparation of educational narratives in the context of an extension course offered for education professionals working in adult education. As a methodological theoretical framework considered the contributions of Freire (1976,1996,1988); Valdés (2014) and Vóvio (2013) for the reasoning of EJA; Louro (1997, 2000, 2009, 2011) and Miskolci (2010, 2015) for reasons of gender and sexuality; Bogdan and Biklen (1994), Deslauriers and Kérisit (2012), Thiollent (2011), Tripp (2005); Sicardi Nakayama (2015), Bardin (1977) and Franco (2005), for reasons of methodological route and analyze data. For teacher training: Sicardi (2008), Cunha (1998) and Nóvoa (2009). The results foresee possible educational subsidies for improving the social quality of education in classrooms of AYE.
Efeitos de nanopartículas magnéticas sobre a microalga Raphidocelis subcapitata
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-11-27)
Melo, Daniela Correia de
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Souza, Jaqueline Pérola de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2320506014760329
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Melão, Maria da Graça Gama
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8342306603661310
Nanotechnology has developed rapidly in recent decades, characterized as the fourth industrial revolution. In the current market, the use of products that incorporate nanotechnology is ascending. The nanoparticles (NPs) are characterized as materials with 1 to 100 nm at leat one of its dimension, which have large surface area and physicochemical properties distinct from their source material. In particular, the magnetic nanoparticles are of great interest in materials science, and their applications is investigated in biotechnology / biomedicine, magnetic resonance imaging, data storage, catalysis, environmental remediation process and others. However, the risks of the development of new nanomaterials for the environment are still underexplored and research that regulate its use is still incipient. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the effects of magnetic nanoparticles into one kind of freshwater phytoplankton, the microalgae Raphidocelis subcapitata. NPs used were Fe3O4 NPs (magnetite); Cu-Fe2O4 NPs (hematite with adsorbed copper) and CoFe2O4 NPs (cobalt ferrite). Besides traditionally used parameters in aquatic ecotoxicology as cell density and chlorophyll a content, were also evaluated the biochemical composition (protein, lipids and carbohydrates) of this microalgae, fluorescence parameters of chlorophyll a and oxidative stress induced by the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Our studies indicate that only high concentrations, higher than 50 mg L-1, of magnetic nanoparticles modified the physiologic response of microalgae, in which case increased concentrations of lipids and proteins. The chlorophyll fluorescence parameters and oxidative stress induced by ROS in general were sensitive to NPs, particularly in higher concentrations. Therefore, the implementation and use of magnetic and bimetallic NPs in aquatic environments can be considered safe for chloroficea Raphidocelis subcapitata since in low concentrations.
Terceiro Grupo Escolar De Limeira-SP (1940-2010) : a dinâmica do tempo-espaço escolar
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-11-28)
Almeida, Wilson Ricardo Antoniassi de
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Buffa, Ester
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8723354256930377
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3546752473722986
This thesis discusses the dynamics of school time-space of a public educational institution, the Third School Group of Limeira, estate of São Paulo, from the study of its school culture and its history, covering the period from its creation to the current days (1940-2010). The school culture produced, reproduced, preserved and transformed by the interaction of individuals with the school environment, the work and space organization, plus the pedagogical rationalization of time, compose a set of factors that identify and characterize the school according to the nature of its function, thus developing a collective standard of practice, think and recognize in this environment. Simultaneously, from elements of the school culture, which is in a constant process, it is constructed and can be understood the history of the educational institution. Belonging to this movement lies the research problem: what are the continuities, changes, similarities and contrasts that permeate the relationship between school and time? In answer to this question we aim to study the school culture and understand the history of the educational institution; identify, characterize and analyze historical, philosophical, cultural, political and socioeconomic aspects linked to school culture and history of education; know the history of the educational institution patron and understand the relationships established within the school. As the school culture is full of senses and meanings that determine the configuration of the educational institution, the dynamics of school space-time can be detected by elements of the own school universe as they are imbued with school culture remains. Thus, the research used the potential of school photographs, through its reading and interpretation, together with testimonials (students, teachers, employees ...), and other direct documentary sources such as file archives (school, media, museum, municipal, state and private archives...), as a historical and memory source for education. The photographs, in communion with reports and other documentary sources, worked as an elucidation device of relations between the school and time, which allowed the researcher to identify and analyze possible similarities, contrasts, continuities and transformations throughout the educational process. For a theoretical and critical basis, the study used a bibliographical research that enabled a dialogue between empirical sources and scientific literature. The offered not only exhibit impressions of a school endowed with identity, history and own culture, but also for composing, along with other institutions a single education system, subject to the same rules, public policy, educational and administrative requirements, allow the reconstruction and understanding of relationships and situations involving individuals, education and the school environment in different contexts within the group as a whole.
Avaliação da cinética de degradação abiótica do polietileno de alta densidade, na presença e ausência de aditivo pró-degradante e estabilizantes
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-11-28)
Lellis, Marcela Caroline Antunes
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Bettini, Sílvia Helena Prado
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3687551763124327
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3480730374217911
The convenience of single-use packaging of high density polyethylene (HDPE) led to the need to convert them into biodegradable materials in less time to minimize the environmental problems caused by disposal. An alternative is the use of prodegradants. However, mechanical properties of packaging materials must be preserved during use and pro-degrading action should increase only after disposal. To achieve this balance between performance and degradability, stabilizers can be added to HDPE/prodegradant. HDPE is a chemically stable polyolefin, hence abiotic degradation times, even in the presence of prodegradant, are long. Therefore, the need for kinetic studies has become critical. To this end, formulations with different manganese stearate levels (50, 200 and 400 ppm) in the presence or absence of stabilizers (primary and secondary) were subjected to thermo-oxidative degradation at three temperatures (60, 70 and 80 °C). For the development of the kinetic studies, tensile tests, infrared spectroscopy and size exclusion chromatography were performed at different thermo-oxidation times. The results showed that manganese stearate, regardless of concentration, in addition to accelerating thermal oxidation of HDPE caused a higher level of degradation, characterized by lower molar masses and higher levels of carbonyl index at the end of the degradation time. Addition of the primary stabilizer increased induction time without altering degradation rates, which enables it to be used in conjunction with the prodegradant to delay the onset of the degradative process. However, the secondary stabilizer caused no significant difference for the levels studied. The kinetic assessment (Arrhenius extrapolations) allowed us to conduct studies predicting degradation times relevant to the analysis of degradation.
Identificação de genes candidatos relacionados a traços de desempenho em transcriptomas do camarão marinho Litopenaeus vannamei (Penaeidae, Decapoda)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-11-28)
Santos, Camilla Alves
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Andrade, Sónia Cristina da Silva
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4637731335717375
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Freitas, Patrícia Domingues de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5647631868534064
The present work had as general objective to perform the genomic annotation of Expressed Sequences (ESTs) of Litopenaeus vannamei shrimp, available in the database of Project ShEST and to evaluate the polymorphism of mined SSR and SNP tags. These markers were located in the main chain of protein genes with function related to performance traits and were validated in SPF (Specific Pathogen Free) shrimp families submitted to selection for rapid growth and survival. In addition to the EST-SSR and EST-SNP loci, obtained by Sanger sequencing, Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) analyzes were included in the initial proposal of work with the objective of expanding the set of SNPs available and verifying the differential gene expression. The new assembly of ESTs was performed and produced a set of 2.984 unigenes with protein products for 41% of them, with 1.983 SSRs and 3.472 SNPs being identified. Among the loci with gene product identified, 231 were enzymes with 127 unique EC numbers inserted in 94 KEGG metabolic pathways. Loci validation showed that the loci of the 60S ribosomal (SSR-EST) and crustacyanin (SNP-EST) proteins were polymorphic in the animals sampled from Genearch. Statistical analyzes were conducted to verify the existence of a possible association between the genotypes and the analyzed weight phenotypes, although no association was observed. In addition, cross-species amplification tests were performed on seven species of marine and two freshwater prawns, demonstrating successful transferability for these species. The RNAseq approach was included in the present work with the purpose of increasing the number of SNPs detected in candidate genes with performance-related function and identifying differentially expressed (DE) genes in animals under experimental conditions. A second transcriptome was assembled from the muscle and hepatopancreas tissues of L. vannamei individuals (i) evaluated for rapid growth and survival and (ii) exposed to the White Spot Syndrome Virus (WSSV). A total of 63.105 transcripts were generated, with an average size of 2.511 bp and N50 of 3.464 bp. More than 15.500 SNPs were identified (frequency > 50%). Functional annotation was also performed on the bases of SwissProt, Gene Ontology (GO) and KEGG. Differential gene expression analyzes were performed on the animal samples evaluated for growth and response to WSSV infection. The data generated showed differences in the expression profile between the genes of (i) high and low growth animals, (ii) the hepatopancreas and muscle and (iii) the uninfected (healthy) and infected (ill) animals by WSSV, considering the effect of the tissue. Two-hundred and seven DE genes were identified for growth, 5.816 for hepatopancreas and muscle and 1.017 for ill and healthy animals.
Indicadores de CT&I dos INCTs de São Carlos-SP na dinâmica da produção da ciência
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-11-29)
Guimarães, Vera Aparecida Lui
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Hayashi, Maria Cristina Piumbato Innocentini
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7263318849588556
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8818035436308120
The theme of this research is the conformation of the new production of science, especially that realized in the ambit of the seven National Institutes of Science and Technology of São Carlos (city of the interior of the state of São Paulo, Brazil). From the theoretical point of view, this study is part of the field of Social Studies of Science and Technology, seeking in the Sociology of Science theoretical elements that allow us to understand the complexities of the new modes of producing scientific knowledge. The research was guided by the following question: do the science, technology and innovation indicators of the São Carlos’ INCTs point to changes in the form of production of science after its implementation? The hypotheses were that the São Carlos’ INCTs provided: a) the strengthening of university interaction with the productive sector and the transfer of knowledge produced; and b) the impact on society in terms of scientific education and dissemination of science. The general objective was to identify and evaluate ST&I indicators of the São Carlos’ INCTs, which allowed examining the dynamics of knowledge production and the scientific, educational and social impacts achieved since the implementation of this Program in São Carlos. The following specific objectives were also established: 1) to seek in the theoretical framework of Sociology of Science elements that allow to understand the organization of the scientific community, the forms of production of knowledge and the policies of science, technology and innovation; 2) to describe the profile of the INCTs, placing them in the main teaching and research institutions of São Carlos-SP; 3) analyze the dynamics of the INCTs from five dimensions: advancement of knowledge; Networking; Transfer of knowledge to society; Advancement of competence and internationalization; 4) to analyze the scientific and technological production and networks of scientific collaboration of the principal investigators of the INCTs; 5) identify the practice, results and impact of education and scientific dissemination within the scope of the INCTs; and 6) present the coordinators’ perception of this new configuration and organization of science and its impacts on society. The research is an exploratory and descriptive case study developed based on quantitative and qualitative approaches, through bibliometric and scientometric analyzes, social networks analysis, and the analysis of the perceptions of the coordinators obtained with the questionnaire. The methodological procedures involved data collection from different sources (Curriculum Lattes, Project Monitoring Reports and other documents) and questionnaire application to the INCT coordinators. Among the main results obtained are the high index of international bibliographic production published by the INCT in the period between 2009 and 2013, with emphasis on scientific articles and works in events; the training of human resources and the involvement with activities of education and scientific dissemination, particularly in the INCTs of USP. The evaluation of the INCTs in the view of the coordinators was that these programs produced important results in terms of advancement of knowledge, training of human resources, transfer of knowledge to society, internationalization, diffusion and scientific education, contributing to society in the solution of health problems, security and energy, the environment and learning and education.
Perspectiva agroecológica sobre o Projeto de Desenvolvimento Rural Sustentável (PDRS): experiência da cooperativa Entre Serras e Águas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-11-29)
Furtado, Rafael Caselli
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Abreu, Lucimar Santiago de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7025928931374268
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4737556937345691
Aiming the improvement of public policies that adopt the principles of agroecology as methodologies to accomplish the rural/urban brazilian development, systematization and critical analysis of experiences becomes an indispensable tool for the development of these projects. Thus, this research chose one of the lines of action of the Projeto de Desenvolvimento Rural Sustentável (PDRS - Microbasins II), developed by the São Paulo State government with the Banco Mundial, whose the case chosen acts aiming the implementation of Agroforestry Systems (SAFs) for family farmers of the state. The case study was coordinate by the Cooperativa Entre Serras e Águas (CESA) which has more than 100 farmers of Bragança Paulista (SP) region, among these, fourteen were interested in the project pariticipation. The project began in September 2014 and was followed until May 2016. The project's critical analysis was made in the cross of understanding perspective and agroecological sociology, based on participant observation and semi-structured interviews. The systematization of perceptions of the actors involved in the project and the author critical analysis pointed to a project that still needs to evolve especially as the issues of: empowerment methodologies farmers; incorporate agroecological concepts in project design; further explore the possibilities of environmental compliance through agroforestry systems respecting the brazilian law; incorporate the social, ecological and economic dimensions in building a design adapted to the reality of farmers; dialogic action, emancipatory and continued by the Technical Assistance; and creating an appropriate market for the products generated that achieve the objective of marketing incentive. From these and other observations, suggestions were made aimed at management of CESA on the project and improvements for future PDRS projects
Praia da Almada, Ubatuba, SP: um berçário para a ictiofauna
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-11-29)
Fernandes, Nathalie Amorim
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Mattox, George Mendes Taliaferro
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4453900943293186
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2440268280058311
Beaches of the city of Ubatuba are known for their high number of endemic fish species and are characterized as an important spawning area for many fishes from distinct oceanic zones. Many of the beaches in the region have sandy bottom, a feature that makes them dynamic environments with a great variety of marine species. The surf zone ichthyofauna of sandy beaches of the state of São Paulo is still little studied, and there aren’t many published works on the subject. The present study aimed to survey the structure of the ichthyofauna present in the surf zone of Praia da Almada in the seasonal, circadian and spatial contexts, as well as to verify its importance as a nursery. Diurnal and nocturnal samples were collected seasonally at each collection point along the beach for two years. Salinity, water and air temperatures were also measured. Fish were identified at the lowest possible taxonomic level, weighed and measured. Data were grouped by season, period (day or night) and point of collection for analysis of the seasonal, circadian and spatial variations. A total of 1483 individuals from 30 species and 13 families were collected. Menticirrhus littoralis, Trachinotus carolinus, Umbrina coroides, Trachinotus goodei, Atherinella brasiliensis and Atherinella blackburni were considered very common in relation to the relative frequency of occurrence, with the former three being the most abundant in the study. Although abundant and constant, A. brasiliensis is classified as endangered in the state of São Paulo, and its abundance in Praia da Almada indicates that this species seems to find refuge in this beach of Ubatuba. Other species showed seasonal occurrence, such as Engraulis anchoita and Hyporhamphus unifasciatus, which occurred exclusively in fall. The highest values of the Margalef Diversity Index (DMg) were recorded in the fall. Winter was the least abundant season and with greater dominance, while summer was the most abundant. The total biomass was 5044.88 g, almost 40% of which concentrated in spring, while winter presented the lowest biomass. There are slightly more species at night than in the day, but without conspicuous variations in abundance and biomass. One of the main results of this work is the confirmation that the surf zone of this type of beach serves as refuge and nursery for many species of fish, due to the expressive amount of juvenile found.
Efeitos da distribuição espacial de árvores sobre atributos físicos e químicos do solo e nas características agronômicas e produtivas de cafeeiro sombreado
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-11-30)
Morinigo, Kátia Priscilla Gomes
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Fontanetti, Anastácia
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3598362104615834
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Stolf, Rubismar
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2436951279203355
In Brazil the coffee production is performed mostly in full sun and, only regions that traditionally suffer from Frost, as the Southeast and South and in some localities of the North and Northeast where there is high air temperature it is common practice of afforestation of the coffee plantations. In recent decades the Brazilian coffee production has gone through several modifications, in the search for more sustainable crop systems, both in the productive and economic aspects, but especially in the use and conservation of natural resources. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the spatial distribution of trees in the chemical and physical attributes of soil and productivity of the coffee tree shading. Chapter 1. The experimental design was of randomized blocks in factorial scheme 4 x 2, with four repetitions. The first factor was the location of sampling points of soil in shaded coffee plantation, determined by two points on the same line of planting trees (D1L - one meter away from the trunk of the tree and D6L - six meters away from the trunk of the tree) and parallel to these two points located in the planting of trees leading (D1E and D6E). The second factor was the soil sampling depth: 0 - 0,20 and 0,20 - 0,40 meters. The greatest soil mechanical resistance to penetration were observed in point D1L and D1E. The lowest pH value and the highest content of aluminum in the soil was found in the line of planting of trees in point D1L. The spatial distribution of trees did not alter the moisture and the levels of organic matter, phosphorus, potassium, calcium and magnesium, which have remained within the ranges considered appropriate for coffee cultivation. Chapter 2. The experimental design used was randomized blocks with four treatments and six replications: 1) D1L - coffee trees located in the planting of trees line the one meter away from the trunk of vii the tree; 2) D6L - coffee trees located in the planting of trees line the six meters away from the trunk of the tree; 3) D1E - coffee trees located between the lines of trees, parallel to D1L point; and 4) D6E - coffee trees located between the lines of trees, parallel to D6L point. Was evaluated the effect of the spatial distribution of trees in production and agronomic characteristics of the coffee tree (height, diameter and length of the branch plagiotrópico), in Chade system. There was no effect of spatial distribution of trees on the agronomic characteristics or in coffee production in the system evaluated