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Um modelo para apoiar a gestão do conhecimento no gerenciamento ágil de projetos de software
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-12-08)
Almeida, Luís Fernando Magnanini de
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Silva, Sérgio Luis da
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4164265591178698
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9522305814931992
The Agile Project Management (GAP) emerges as a response to criticisms made to Traditional Project Management Methods for being prescriptive, bureaucratic, and not very dynamic, thus limited when applied in innovation-intensive and knowledge-intensive environments. The main differences between those approaches are the self-management teams, use of the concept of vision rather than scope, iterations, greater customer involvement and pursuit for simplicity. All have an impact on how Knowledge Management (KM) is performed, in particular, the prioritization of the use of tacit rather than explicit knowledge. Several authors approach the intercession between agile project management and knowledge management theories, however, they made little progress in their proposals for management models. Through systematic theoretical reviews and case studies, we advance in this aspect, proposing a Conceptual Model for Knowledge Management in Agile Project Management. The main peculiarities are: consider both intra and interproject knowledge; consider GAP differentials; focus on the project team; use GAP rituals to potentiate the KM; and the applicability to any agile method.
Aplicação de inoculante no plantio e doses de adubação nitrogenada de cobertura na cultura do feijoeiro (Phaseolus vulgaris)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-12-08)
Nyssen, Diego
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Soares, Marcio Roberto
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6337462438517339
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9543-6450
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5348908378174922
The bean crop has the great challenge of increasing productivity and reducing dependence on nitrogen (N) fertilization from biological N fixation, aiming at a sustainable development of agriculture. The objective of this work was to evaluate the productivity, biometric parameters, and N absorption in the bean crop with or without the application of inoculant at planting and with the supply of different doses of N in coverage. The experiment was carried out in the experimental area at the UFSCar Center for Agricultural Sciences, in a completely randomized design with five replications, consisting of two factors: with and without the addition of biological binoculant at planting; five doses of N top-dressing fertilization (0, 50, 75, 100, and 150% of the recommended dose by the Agronomic Institute of Campinas). After 25 days of plant emergence, top-dressing fertilization was carried out and 48 days after emergence, leaves were sampled for foliar analysis. The parameters evaluated in the experiment were: phytomass, number of pods per plant, number of grains per pod, length of pods, mass of 100 seeds, production and productivity of the plot, and levels of foliar N. The lack of response of several biometric parameters to biological inoculation and to the top-dressing N fertilization was attributed to the current fertility of the experimental area (scenario of low response to N). However, the addition of inoculant at planting, with top-dressing N fertilization equivalent to 150% of the recommended amount, resulted in a significant increase in yield, foliar N contente, and number of pods per plant. Seed inoculation was considered an indispensable practice, but it is possible that the top-dressing N fertilization doses, recommended for the edaphoclimatic conditions of the State of São Paulo, are being insufficient for the maximum expression of the currently cultivated bean varieties.
Educação Transmídia: contribuições acerca da cultura da convergência em processos educacionais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-12-08)
Montanaro, Paulo Roberto
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Reyes, Cláudia Raimundo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5187942717120318
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9722367900588242
The present work aims to reflect on the different aspects about the new paradigms of communication and dialogue that are shaped by the transformations resulting from a social restructuring from the development of digital technologies of communication and information. The proposal, therefore, is to understand how the concepts of the transmedia storytelling and the culture of convergence can become catalysts of mediation processes that consider the characteristics of ubiquity and social nomadism, as well as incorporate to teaching and learning strategies elements such as gamification of contents; Immersive technologies; Participatory culture of knowledge construction and other elements that have developed as a result of this new network society. Thus, in a bibliographical research that addresses issues of the field of education and communication, the research intends to elaborate a critical analysis on the different aspects of the use of digital technologies in education, prioritizing the dialogicity and the involvement between the different actors and contents, within strategies of transversal articulation between the different media. Divided into three parts, the work is initially intended to establish a context about the use of different digital communication technologies and languages derived from the particularities of each one of them. It then reflects on this social reconfiguration where, at the same time as we create and invent new ways of communicating ourselves and having access to information, we are transformed by each of these new tools and our relationship with the other and with the world It changes completely, and finally, as the concepts of the transmedia storytelling already widely studied in the fields of art, culture and entertainment can add value to the surrounding teaching and learning strategies.
Estudo do processo de soldagem a ponto por fricção de juntas dissimilares entre ligas de alumínio e titânio
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-12-09)
Plaine, Athos Henrique
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Alcântara, Nelson Guedes de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3123107570992184
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8992899102845408
Multimaterial structures between aluminum and titanium alloys are a technologically attractive field of research and their increasing use in the transportation sector for weight and emission reduction is part of the motivation of this study. The currently used techniques are either too expensive or limited in performance, especially by excessive formation of undesirable intermetallic compounds, opening opportunities for innovation in this area. Friction spot welding (FSpW), a solid state joining process recently developed by Helmholtz Zentrum Geesthacht, has proven to be one of the promising technologies for joining dissimilar materials as it involves short steps and low thermal cycles, also with the advantages of adding no weight to the structure and having geometrical compatibility to replace rivets. The present work studies the feasibility in welding AA5754-H22/Ti6Al4V and AA6181-T4/Ti6Al4V joints through FSpW. In addition, it is intended to establish the microstructure/ properties / process relationships of the resultant joints, in order to understand the formation and growth of the joining interface and its consequences on the mechanical performance. The proposed joints are produced in overlap configuration through different combinations of parameters, which were established by statistical methods involving design of experiments, and later submitted to mechanical and metallurgical characterization. The results reveal that Al/Ti dissimilar joints with high strength and reproducibility can be produced by using FSpW. The mechanical behavior of the joints presents a strong dependence on the intermetallic thickness formed at the bounding interface, identified as TiAl3. Tool rotational speed and dwell time are key process parameters in controlling the resistance of welded joints. Moreover, the bending load associated to differences in stiffness and/or thickness of the welded specimen appears as an important variable influencing the crack propagation path during shear and fatigue tests.
Efeitos do treinamento resistido na morfologia, propriedades e marcadores de remodelamento de matriz extracelular óssea em modelo de ratas ovariectomizadas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-12-09)
Pisani, Graziéle Fernanda Deriggi
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Araújo, Heloísa Sobreiro Selistre de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4065824911933203
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4835384433555310
Absence of estrogen on menopause leads to detrimental consequences, including osteoporosis, which is characterized by unbalanced bone extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling. Bone resistance to fracture is related to bone mass, structure and architecture including bone ECM changes. Resistance training (RT) has shown beneficial effects on prevention and treatment of osteoporosis, however, there are few studies regarding RT role in bone remodeling in different scales, such as bone composition and structure until matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) in ovariectomy (OVX) model. Aims: To evaluate RT effects on bone properties, morphology and bone ECM remodeling markers in an OVX rat model. Methods: Thirty six female Sprague Dawley rats were divided into four groups: sham sedentary, OVX sedentary, sham RT and OVX RT. Rats performed RT for 10 weeks in which they climbed a ladder with progressive loads attached to the tails. Tibias were stored for biometrical, biomechanical, biophysical and biochemical analysis. Femurs were stored to morphological, gene expression and gelatin zymography analysis. Results: OVX decreased bone mineral density, bone mineral content, stiffness, maximal load, calcium content, trabecular number and connectivity and MMP-13 gene expression. Furthermore, OVX increased RUNX-2 and OPG gene expression and MMP-2 activity. RT was efficient in prevent or reverse almost all of alterations. Conclusion: Estrogen absence osteoporosis affects bone mass and other factors involved in bone ECM remodeling and RT showed be efficient in prevent or reverse these harmful effects.
Identificação dos principais atributos para o projeto de uma rede cicloviária
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-12-09)
Pitilin, Taiany Richard
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Sanches, Suely da Penha
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3857424839674606
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2653656667798172
The aim of this research project was to identify what the key attributes that should be considered in the design of a cycling network from the point of view of cyclists and transport planning experts. The methodology for development of research consisted of: (1) application of questionnaires to cyclists on the factors that influence the choice of your routes, (2) application of questionnaires to experts about what attributes should be considered in planning a cycling route urban area and (3) Analysis of the results using statistical methods. The survey results were analyzed using the method of successive intervals, also applying t test and ANOVA for comparison of results. From the results of these two studies was possible to identify the aspects considered important for cyclists and experts, analyzing their divergences and proposing guidelines for project cycling networks that meet the needs of cyclists and attract new users.
Conservação de bio-recursos algais no Brasil: estabelecimento de um banco criopreservado
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-12-09)
Tessarolli, Letícia Piton
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Day, John Godfrey
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Vieira, Armando Augusto Henriques
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4428377384377272
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4024406734152899
The establishment of culture collections is a vital aspect for the conservation freshwater microalgae, which are a very diverse group of organisms with important ecological functions on the ecosystems maintenance and an immense although still sparsely explored biotechnological potential, particularly for the use of metabolites and biodiesel production. The traditional protocol for culture maintenance is the serial subculturing of metabollicaly active cultures. Although strains have been maintained in metabolically active cultures for decades, there are several reports of loss of characteristics for the organisms thus maintained, and an increase in the number of strains could be the cause for logistical challenges on the maintenance regimes and elevated costs with material and functionalism. Cryopreservation, which is the maintenance of organisms at ultra-low temperatures to the point that all cellular metabolic functions are paused, appears as a recommended alternative for the maintenance of long-term culture collections. The use of this technique allows the maintenance of samples for long periods of time with minimal handling, severely reducing the maintenance costs, while maintaining the stability of cultures, which should be stored at ultra-low temperatures to eliminate the occurrence of intracellular chemical processes. The Freshwater Microalgae Culture Collection (CCMA-UFSCar) currently maintains approximately 700 microalgae strains in metabolically active cultures, which is reaching maximum support capacity for routine maintenance practices. The requirements with cultures maintenance will also, consequently, affect the provision services of the collection, which are the basis of research of a large number of projects throughout Brazil. Thus, the main objective of this project was to test the feasibility of the use of cryopreservation as a technique to maintain algal cultures in this culture collection. For this, initially positive results were obtained for the application of a standard freezing protocol, particularly for green coccoid algae. However, larger and more complex organisms are still recalcitrant to freezing, with low rates of recovery, which will require further research and adaptation of the protocols to meet the particularities of each strain. In parallel to the establishment of the cryopreserved biobank for CCMA-UFSCar, projects were developed in order to further clarify details and consequences of the process of freezing and storing organisms at low temperatures, seeking to improve the success rates for the implementation of this technique. The effects of the presence of contaminating organisms on the microalgae cultures on the response of strains to freezing, and consequently on the formation of viable and robust post-thaw cultures, were verified a few selected non-axenic strains. It was noticed that the choice of cryoprotectant solution (CPA), used to protect cells during freezing, may be crucial for post-thaw recovery, and it is necessary to search for balance between obtaining the highest possible viability levels and avoiding the extreme proliferation of contaminating organisms, which could lead to inhibition in the recovery and quality of the desired algal cultures after the process. In addition to direct survival to the freezing process, which is a potentially damaging for cells, the longevity of samples maintained at different temperatures was also tested, aiming to establish the simplest and most cost-effective procedure to ensure the long term survival of frozen samples. It was observed that the storage temperatures, as well as the CPA used during freezing, were significant aspects to guarantee the continued viability of the frozen cultures, and only samples maintained immersed in liquid nitrogen were sufficiently protected against temperature fluctuations, ensuring the survival of all the samples for longer periods. Furthermore, the continuity of the viability for samples maintained immersed in liquid nitrogen was also observed in a study with samples maintained on these conditions for up to 40 years at Culture Collection of Algae and Protozoa (CCAP, UK). The freezing process per se is potentially damaging to the cultures during the process, which might be the cause for functional and genetic differences in cells that have undergone this process. Thus, biochemical and genetic analysis were used to verify the stability of the cultures submitted to the freezing protocol. To ensure the successful implementation of a cryopreserved microalgae bank for CCMA-UFSCar, in addition to viability and stability measures, it is necessary to establish protocols for sample management and routine maintenance. Thus, a case study was carried out with the experiences acquired in CCAP during the 40 years of the history of a cryopreserved bank, and how the application of these techniques can benefit the quality control and management of CCMA-UFSCar, facilitating the implementation of the cryopreserved biobank for this culture collection.
Restauração de imagens com precisão subpixel utilizando restrições convexas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-12-09)
Antunes Filho, Amauri
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Homem, Murillo Rodrigo Petrucelli
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4099700446922080
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1275519242542531
The super-resolution aims to obtain a higher resolution image, using information from one or more low resolution images. There are different applications where super-resolution may be used, such as medical and forensic images. This work proposes a study and development of algorithms, based on Tekalp and Sezan’s algorithm, using the projection onto convex sets theory, in order to obtain super-resolution, therefore obtaining a higher resolution image, from a low resolution images set, with subpixel informations. We proposed the adition of a convex restriction based on Richardon-Lucy’s algorithm, modified to be weighted by Canny’s filter, along with total variation regularization, aiming to restore frequencies lost during high resolution images decimation and degradation processes . Therefore, we have a hybrid approach, that implements spatial and spectral super-resolution simultaneously, based on projection onto convex sets. The obtained results by the proposed algorithms were compared to Tekalp and Sezan’s base algorithm. The visual analysis of the images, along with the mean square error were taken in consideration for comparisons. In development, grayscale images were used, but the methods are extensible for color images. Results showed improvement in the obtained images, with less noise, blurring and more edge definition than the low resolution images. We conclude that the approach has potential for medical applications and forensic computation.
Diagnóstico de influência local no modelo de calibração ultraestrutural com réplicas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-12-09)
Andrade, Bruno Pinheiro de
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Aoki, Reiko
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0621850261580868
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8657847482314007
This paper aims to present the local influence diagnostic methodology of Cook (1986) along with the selection of the appropriate perturbation schemes proposed by Zhu et al. (2007) in ultrastructural calibration model with replicas. The methodology of Cook (1986) will be used to investigate the robustness and sensitivity of model, where the adopted perturbation schemes were weighting cases and response variables. Perturbing the model and/or data in an arbitrary way can lead to miss interpretations of diagnostic analysis and wrong conclusions. Therefore, this study will evaluate the induced perturbations according to the methodology of Zhu et al. (2007) and if the perturbations are not suitable, we will propose a new way of perturbing the model or the data. As an application it was considered a data set with balanced repeated replication to evaluate which levels and laboratories exercise a disproportional effect on inferences made in the model.
Monitoramento de sistemas agroflorestais utilizando indicadores, na comunidade Rio Preto, Sete Barras, SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-12-12)
Oliveira, Gabriel Sousa Torres de
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Franco, Fernando Silveira
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3218633711361955
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1683750593634321
The present work was carried out in initial agroforestry systems (SAFs), implemented in 2013 on the properties of five family farmers living in the Rio Preto community, municipality of Sete Barras, SP. The implementation of these agroforestry systems was part of the project of a Japanese-based NGO that seeks to conserve the Atlantic Forest biome through mitigation of the negative effects of agriculture in partnership with a university extension group linked to UFSCar Sorocaba. This group obtained a project focused on agroecological transition contemplated in a public notice. After the implementation of the SAFs, the need to follow up these experiences has arisen, in order to better conduct the next steps and to support the farmers involved in the process of agroecological transition. Thus, was proposed a research that approached participatory monitoring of the agroforestry systems implemented, through the use of indicators. The general objective of this work was to report a monitoring experience of initial agroforestry systems using indicators, to evaluate the efficiency of biophysical indicators in monitoring, to investigate the farmer’s discourse on what they mean by SAFs and to discuss the index of similarity in monitoring. In order to achieve these objectives, participant observation was adopted as an approach to get to know the local reality and as a source of complementary information for the research, as well as a diagnosis of rural properties, focusing on SAFs implemented, with the participation of farmers. Discourse analysis was also used to investigate the understanding of the farmers through their speeches. In order to carry out the monitoring of agroforestry systems with the participation of farmers, it was sought to follow some methodological principles present in the literature, using an exercise known as "goal tree" to help define the indicators to be used in monitoring. The Jaccard similarity index was also used to compare the SAFs monitored, in order to complement the results obtained with the indicators. The results showed that through participant observation it was possible to know different aspects about the relationship between farmers and agroforestry systems. The results of the diagnosis showed that the smallest of the agroforestry systems implanted has an area of 322 m² and the largest 1056 m². In these plantations 49 tree species were identified, including exotic and native species, representing 21 botanical families. As for natural resources, the diagnosis showed that soils are similar in most areas and that in all of them there is at least one species of spontaneous plant. Discourse analysis revealed that there is no convergent idea among farmer’s about the concept of an agroforestry system, although it has allowed to identify in the farmers' discourses elements that refer to the idea of temporal/spatial combination of tree species with agricultural crops. Among the results related to the process of defining indicators and monitoring of agroforestry systems, it was observed the difficulty of bringing together the farmers participating in the projects, as well as the lack of interest of some farmers, which hindered the fully participatory management of these processes. However, the indicators used were relevant in the monitoring of agroforestry systems, since they were able to synthesize information about the state of the biophysical characteristics of these systems, and some degree of synergy among some indicators was identified. The results of the similarity index varied between 0.21053 and 0.44737, considered low in the analysis of similarity between agroforestry systems.
Uma análise discursiva do que dizem alunos de escolas públicas sobre a leitura e sobre si como leitores
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-12-12)
Corsi, Fabrícia Aparecida Migliorato
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Momesso, Maria Regina
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8973020849570833
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Ferreira, Luzmara Curcino
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4849994635754652
L'objectif directeur de notre recherche doctorale est l'analyse des discours sur la lecture present dans ce qui déclare les élèves des écoles publiques de l'état de Minas Gerais, inscrit dans la première année du lycée. Nous cherchons à identifier, dans les réponses données par les étudiants interrogés, des représentations que ces jeunes partagent sur la lecture et sur soi-même ent tant que lecteurs et qui sont récursives à nous sociétés, surtout à l'univers scolaire. Nous cherchons à mieux comprendre la façon dont il a été discursivement construit la représentation de «bon lecteur» et «lecteur idéal» pour ces étudiants. Grâce aux déclarations proférées nous voulons chercher les façon simbolique de coercition qui déterminent et contrôlent ce qu’on peut et ce qu’on doit dire sur la lécture et sur sois-mêmes en tant que lecteurs dans notre société. L'intérêt pour la recherche de ce lectorat est due à notre intêret comme institutrice et chercheuse de décrire ces discours sur la lecture propre à l’ambient de l'école, qui a la responsabilité d'enseigner, de former et de stimuler les pratiques de lecture. Si nous concevons l'école en tant que telle, nous concevous aussi qu’elle s’agit d’une institution idéale pour qu’on puisse étudier un bon nombre des représentations de la lecture, y compris celles que partagent les enseignants, les parents et les élèves, ainsi comme celles des théories et des approches qui expliquent cette pratique et qui sont formulés intra ou extra-muros d’école. Par conséquent, compte tenu de sa dimension collective, nous commençons l'analyse des pratiques déclarées de la lecture de ce groupe de jeunes lecteurs, dont les déclarations nous permettent de répondre d'une certaine identité sociale. En plus d'être considéré comme un espace d'institutionnalisation de la relation avec la lecture, l'école est également l'un d'où vient une grande partie de l'autorité du discours sur cette pratique. Le corpus de la recherche consistait des données recueillies grâce à un questionnaire composé de 21 questions / dissertation objectifs appliqués à 98 élèves, 3 écoles publiques de l’interieur de l’état de Minas Gerais, et aussi à trois entretiens avec des groupes de discussion des écoles participantes. L'analyse des données a été prises en charge, en général, a partir de l'approche de l'analyse du discours, et plus précisément des principes et des concepts du point de vue adopté par le philosophe Michel Foucault (2009,1999,2000). Nous utilisons également les principes de l'histoire culturelle de la lecture, selon les travaux de Roger Chartier (1999, 2002, 2012). Nos réflexions et analyses ont également été subventionnés par le travail des chercheurs de la langue et de l'éducation contemporaine engagée directement et systématiquement à la lécture au Brésil et les études du jeune lecteur, à savoir, Regina Zilberman (2015), Magda Soares (1998), Marcia Abreu (2001, 2009) João Luis Ceccantinni (2004, 2007, 2010), entre autres.
Algo a fazer : oicogênese e arquitetura no Vale de Araotz (País Basco)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-12-12)
Heras Lopez Guereñu, Ion Fernández de Las
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Villela, Jorge Luiz Mattar
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8301325600502054
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0662532582892703
The object of this investigation is the production of the house in the Basque countryside, the baserri, in the context of the Valley of Araotz (Municipality of Oñati, Guipuzcoa, Basque Country). The study is clearly separated into two parts. On the first one, I deal with the historic formation of the baserri as an object of inquiry and in relation to the genesis of two systems of knowledge that produced, through a complex conceptual and theoretical machinery, its own defining outlines: the family-baserri and the architecture-baserri. On the second part, I try to analyze the particular assemblages which mediated, produced and/or built certain houses in the Valley of Araotz during the period of my fieldwork. This way, the aim consists on describing a particular oikogenesis without structuring it from the classifying outlines introduced by the disciplinary logical sets analyzed on the first part, and at the same time having the possibility to find these same classifiers at work and being able to deal with them as proper ethnographic data. Thus, I describe how the production of houses in Araotz is not limited to a definite series of categories anticipated by an efficient cause and that works as an analytical explanation; on the contrary, the singular acts that make baserri are interdependent and contemporary to the production of a diverse series of aspects, such as family, neighborhood, names, heritage, form and materiality of constructions, landscape and territory, animal husbandry, etc. In addition, it is necessary to state that the “pure” delimitation of these aspects is a mere abstraction and that in Araotz not a few times are these found intertwined to the architectural typologies, the anthropological family types, the valuation of material heritage or simply to the nation-state. In Araotz, not only the family is created through the construction of the house, but even the architecture and the anthropology of kinship are inferred and recreated while house and family are made.
Muhlabje em movimento : reciprocidades burocrático-transinstitucionais na Macia
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-12-12)
Bila, Josué Julião
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Leirner, Piero de Camargo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3883880276055777
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8114794394854674
This enterprise, whose geo-ethnographic impact falls on Muhlabje – one of the neighbourhoods of Macia, southern Mozambique – tries to understand the social relations and political dynamics that move people, community social networks and the Bantu-mozambican authoririties with the municipal bureaucracy and politics, without losing sight of the simultaneously continuous and changing social institutions in that community, which are precedent and in movement with colonial domination and with post-independence Mozambique. The argument also unfolds in capturing the social situations intertwined with each other in a continuous and transdynamic flow, that is, the worship of the ancestors, the ceremony by the Mozambican heroes, the achievements of agriculture, the purchase and sale of a land, the wine donated to the community by politicians and agricultural products donated by the community to politicians and bureaucrats and local feasts are activities-social institutes that cut across the supposed institutional divisions of the impersonal republican bureaucracy and (as opposed to) interpersonal relations (Municipality and communities [neopatrimonialism/clientelism]), the reason why this flow gains the concept of bureaucratictransinstitutional reciprocities.
Medidas diretas na avaliação da exposição biomecânica de trabalhadores em ambiente real
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-12-12)
Locks Neto, Francisco
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Oliveira, Ana Beatriz de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1049547759186556
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6688084327804941
The use of objective measurements to quantify biomechanical exposure of workers in real environment has been stimulated by its accuracy and precision. Furthermore, observational methods, self-reports and the use of questionnaires have shown several limitations regarding theirs validity and reliability. Thus, this thesis is composed by three studies in which objective measurements were used to quantify biomechanical exposure of workers in real environment, in two distinct contexts. Study 1 discusses the use of inclinometry, electrogoniometry and electromyography to quantify the biomechanical exposure of industrial workers from the automotive sector, comparing two production lines (one manual and one semiautomated). For this purpose, postures and movements of the head, upper back, upper arms and wrists, as well as the bilateral muscle activity of upper trapezius and wrist extensors were analyzed. Through objective measurements it was possible to identity that the semiautomated line, despite having a higher production rate with less angular velocities, has less opportunities of rest compared to the manual line. Study 2 evaluated the association between time spent standing still with self-report of pain intensity in the lower back and lower extremities (hips, knees and feet/ankles). In this analysis accelerometers were used during four consecutive days to estimate different physical activities performed during work and leisure. It was observed that time spent standing still, quantified by objective measurements, is associated with pain in lower back, hips and knees. Furthermore, time spent standing still during leisure was associated with pain in those three body regions. Throughout objective measurements used in real situations, it was possible to identify biomechanical risk factors in the three developed studies. Based on the findings of those studies, as well as the current literature, there is a need to use direct measurements to quantify the biomechanical exposure of workers in real environment. This method, apart from presents more accuracy and less biases, allows us to identify more representative measurements of the studied population, which allows an intervention properly directed to the real needs of the workers. Therefore, the use of direct measurements to assess biomechanical exposure of workers in real environment needs to be encouraged.
A influência das relações simultâneas entre um atacadista e seus fornecedores
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-12-12)
Oliveira, Miriam Tiemi Takimura
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Silva, Andrea Lago da
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2380499339281186
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8825486223119687
In supply chain, many articles in literature support that interorganizational relationships evolve in a growing linear process. These relationships began in the form of a transaction based on price negotiation and they go on until long-term commitment in intense near relationship. However, analyzing the interorganizational relationship as a dyad limits a comprehension of business context. The interorganizational relationship is more complex than two actors, because suppliers are interacting and providing for the same buyer simultaneously. In this sense, this research aims to understand the interference of simultaneous long-term relationship between buyers and suppliers, through their interaction. To develop the research a case study was developed with a focal organization, a wholesaler, and its main long-term consumer goods suppliers. As qualitative research, data collection was based on opening interviews, observations at offices, documents analysis and semi-structured interviews. QDA miner software was used for data analysis. Initially, data was explored on dyad searching convergence and divergence on structural, cognitive and relational dimensions of their speeches, also identifying life-cycle status of the dyad wholesale-supplier. Then, data was analyzed considering similar performance characteristics, pointing trends of transferring restrictive or corrective actions. As main results, simultaneous relations can modify the life-cycle dynamic of buyer-supplier relationship, shortening the initial stages of relationships. The relationship pattern adopted influence when it facilitates isomorphism and homogeneity of dyad relations by transfer actions and positive activities for context.
Startup Kaizen: uma metodologia ágil para desenvolvimento de software em startups
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-12-12)
Leonessa, Nathália Maria Rapuano de Lira Novaes
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Álvaro, Alexandre
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9929982894313130
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2384451897593527
The methodologies currently used by startups for market discovery and software development focus on a more agile and fast development, aiming to obtain learning about the potential market. Often, these methodologies set aside good software development practices to make the process faster and more dynamic, with constant end-user participation. If, on the one hand, the use of methodologies such as Scrum and RUP for software development can result in the development of technological solutions that are not used by users due to the lack of participation in software construction, on the other hand, they bring many benefits when it comes to project management and software quality. In contrast, the opposite occurs to the methodologies and tools currently used by startups, such as Lean Startup, Customer Development, Thinking Design and Business Model Canvas. These methodologies and tools focus on the discovery and validation of the market, without concern for the final quality of the product developed for the client, impacting directly. This impact can also be a waste of time in developing a product that no one will be able to use because of the large number of failures or even it never be finalized due to management problems. The lack of concern for good management of a development project, and its final quality, can do as much damage as the lack of approximation with the potential client. Moreover, in an environment of extreme uncertainty, unknown variables should be reduced in order to achieve overall development success, not just business models. The use of good Software Engineering practices may allow obtaining more information and technical data about the solution developed, which directly impact the user. This information can be used as a basis for decision making, thereby reducing risks related to final product quality and project management, making it easier for potential customers to use, and leaner development. In this sense, this work proposes a software development methodology for startups, Startup Kaizen (SK). SK integrates good practices of methodologies such as RUP and Scrum with methodologies focused on validation and market discovery, such as Lean Startup, Customer Development, Thinking Design and Business Model Canvas. This union of good software engineering practices with market discovery aims to minimize the risk variables for the creation of a new company, whether related to market or management and software quality. After the creation of Startup Kaizen, a case study was performed with its application with graduate students in Computer Science at the Federal University of São Carlos in Sorocaba. This application allowed the data collection to analyze the results in the form of a case study.
ASAClu: selecionando clusters diversos e relevantes
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-12-12)
Almeida, João Luís Baptista de
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Faceli, Katti
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4451540730749377
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6329808970349082
No clustering algorithm is guaranteed to find actual groups in any dataset. To deal with this problem, many techniques apply various clustering algorithms to a dataset, generating a set of partitions and assessing them to select the most appropriated ones. The problem in selecting partitions is that redundancy can be seen inside partitions, as the same cluster can appear in different partitions. Also, one can underestimate the quality of a cluster, assessing only the quality of a partition. For these reasons, a new selection strategy named ASAClu is aimed at selecting a relevant and diverse subset of clusters instead of partitions, given an initial collection.
A constituição territorial e imaginária da Terra Céltica Insular: Grã-Bretanha e Irlanda
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-12-12)
Pastre, Lucas Landim Castroviejo
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Lana, Rita de Cássia
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1816504631940006
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9197872414583169
Conceptually characterized by linguistic specificity, the Celts were the Indo-European peoples that originated in the northern Alps, possibly even in the middle of the Bronze Age - the result of a long process of prehistoric miscegenations. At the height of their appropriation, they extended over a territorial arc that stretched from Ireland to present-day Turkey, dominating a space of significant significance between Europe and Asia Minor. This is where the Celtic Land emerged, composed of two distinct occupation plots - the continental and the insular. The latter, in turn, endowed itself with peculiarities arising from the geography inherent to its territory, as well as its more recent history, largely associated with the myths that were born of it. Taking the ethnic composition of Great Britain and Ireland - as far as Celtic civilization is concerned - as a consequence of the migrations that took place on the continent, the monograph showed, through various cultures, complex material and documentary reports attributed and / or associated with these peoples, the multiple processes of culminating occupations in the constitution of the Insular Celtic Earth. In view of the imaginary dimension contained in such attributes, historical parallels with Gaelic mythology were sought, albeit with many caveats and cautions, taken concurrently with the analysis of the primeval peoples associated with the "Emerald Island", where it was possible to verify, successfully, hypothetical links with the Iberians.
Model-based design of user interfaces to support situation awareness in maintenance
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-12-13)
Oliveira, Állan César Moreira de
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Araujo, Regina Borges de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8964123297688432
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1729081803965609
Situation Awareness (SAW) is a cognitive process defined as the perception of elements and events within a time frame, the understanding of their situation and the projection of their status. SAW is a prerequisite for decision-making in dynamic and complex systems and errors in SAW are an acknowledged source of human errors and accidents. Its study is pivotal in many industries, such as aviation, military, oil, gas and rails, and it is being increasingly considered for maintenance, since this activity is deemed critical for every industry. New technologies to support maintenance, such as E-Maintenance, will provide easier access to the desired information to technicians, but the way new technologies lead to improved SAW is influenced by how information is presented in the User Interface (UI), and many UIs for maintenance technicians support their decision-making regarding procedural and technical criteria, but not economical, legal, ethical and political. Therefore, they only allow a partial development of the user SAW, but not the complete comprehension and projection of a situation. These UIs ignore information requirements such as: risks and conditions of the environment; automations; actions and decisions of team members; rules, regulations and policies of enterprises. Therefore, the design and development of UIs to improve SAW in maintenance is compromised by the few solutions in the state of the art for SAW supportive UI design, for model-based design process and for frameworks and reference architectures. Cognizant to this gap, this thesis proposes a solution for the design and development of Situation Awareness support User Interfaces (SASUI) for maintenance work. For that three contributions are proposed: a conceptual framework of Situation Awareness Aspects (FSA) that assists developers in structuring heterogeneous sources of data into a knowledge representation model, to obtain a state oriented view of SAW; a multiagent architecture that instantiates and controls UIs to improve their support of SAW, by using a blend of SAW and UI agents to express the situation (and its projection) of real world entities in the UI; a methodology to create Model-based SAW User Interfaces (MBSAW-UI), in which designers model agents that will assist users in acquiring the SAW necessary for their decision-making process. These contributions follow a Cognitive Engineering approach to guide software developers in the UI design process and also empower domain experts to model their UIs, enabling an End-User Development (EUD) paradigm that facilitate future updates to the system. A study case of a maintenance activity was developed to evaluate these solutions, with two interfaces: a UI designed using MBSAW-UI; a UI designed using solely a Hierarchical Task Analysis. An experiment was performed and showed a 78% increase in SAW with the UI designed to support SAW, which lead to enhanced efficacy (3,85x less errors) and safety (3,87x less errors regarding unsafe behavior).
Atividades Curriculares de Integração Ensino, Pesquisa e Extensão (ACIEPEs) como estratégia de formação continuada : um estudo de caso com formação matemática de professores polivalentes no Município de São Carlos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-12-13)
Curilla, Rosemeire Aparecida Trebi
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Côrtes, Mauro Rocha
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8988613760967305
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2386007173142606
This research had as its general objective to discuss the contributions of the Curricular Activities of Integration Teaching, Research and Extension (ACIEPEs) offered by the Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar) for the training of teachers promoted by this IES and for the professional development of teachers of Basic Education. It had as its specific objectives: to investigate the relationship between the ACIEPEs’ offer, and the demand regarding the training needs of the teachers who work in the Initial Years of Elementary School; To investigate the contributions of ACIEPE "Information Technology in the Training and Performance of Teachers Teaching Mathematics in the Beginning Years" for the professional activity and the pedagogical practice of teachers who attended it; and to offer subsidies to the Center for Teacher Education (NFP) of UFSCar to aggregate and streamline the ACIEPEs focused on teacher education. Starting from the propositions in the scope of teacher training, (a) ACIEPEs are activities that promote the articulation between the initial and continuing teacher training, considered by scholars in the area of education as primordial for the effectiveness of teacher training in Basic Education; (b) need effective dissemination to public education networks; and (c) need to have validation for the functional progression of the teachers of the state education network, which demands specific agreement with this network of education, in order to be more attractive for the participation of this public, the research question was raised "Are there indications that ACIEPEs, in the context of teacher training, enhance the continuing teacher training promoted by UFSCar?" For the development of this work, which is configured as exploratory and of a qualitative and descriptive nature, the bibliographic research, the documentary analysis and the case study were carried out, using the semistructured interview as a central element for the collection of primary data. Data collection consists of two stages: (1) documentary analysis and (2) interviews with educational managers of public education networks in the city of São Carlos, SP; coordinators of ACIEPEs in the area of Mathematics Education in the Early Years, offered in the period from 2010 to 2014, at UFSCar - Campus São Carlos; and teachers working in the Early Years of Elementary School, who attended ACIEPE "Information Technology in the Training and Performance of Teachers Teaching Mathematics in the Early Years". A mapping of the ACIEPEs offered at UFSCar, from 2010 to 2014, was carried out in its four campuses, prioritizing a study of ACIEPEs focused on teacher training, focusing on those whose teachers were in the early years of the public school system. Municipality of São Carlos, SP. Next, the focus was focused on ACIEPEs in the area of mathematics education in the Early Years of Elementary School, culminating in the investigation of the contributions of ACIEPE "Information Technology in the Training and Performance of Teachers Teaching Mathematics in the Early Years" for professional development and the pedagogical practice of multipurpose teachers who attended it. The theoretical framework brings concepts of teacher training and training needs; presents models of continuing teacher training; a synthesis of the historical aspects and the problem of teacher education in the Brazilian context; and also the Center for Teacher Training and the institution responsible for the creation, implementation and offer of ACIEPEs.