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Representações sociais de aprendizes de português em contexto sul-africano sobre a língua e a cultura do Brasil : subsídios para políticas de difusão e reflexões sobre o ensino de português no exterior
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-12-16)
Silva, Caroline Veloso da
;
Viana, Nelson
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6252579012192711
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8341450510718757
The Social representation is a way in which man signifies his social context transforming the new/strange/unknown into a familiar knowledge. The genesis of the Social Representation is intimately related to the communication processes according to the Social Representation Theory, in which speech has a fundamental role. Under a Bakhtinian perspective, the speech is the main element in verbal interaction, which, on the other hand, signifies the man’s world. Studying social representation inside the language-teaching universe implies understanding a range of images, ideological positions and social beliefs that learners have about a target language and culture. In order to discuss those issues inside the Portuguese teaching universe overseas, we have established as objective of this research: identifying representations concerning linguistic aspects (phonetics, grammar, lexis) to the social context of the Brazilian language and culture and analyze possible influences of contextual variables in the creation and/or transformation in the learners’ social representation. This is a qualitative approach research, and we used the following instruments to produce data: a questionnaire with a mix of open and closed questions, interviews with semi-structured script and field notes. The initial procedure was participant observation. The data was generated at Brazil-South Africa Cultural Centre and 15 Portuguese learners took part in the research. Aiming at analyzing the material, we categorized the data into three main axes: Brazil, Brazilians, and language/culture. Both the questionnaire data and the interview were categorized and grouped according with those three main axes. Nevertheless, the interviews generated a second grouping, which came from each axis. The categorization was organized from Bodgan and Biklen proposal about reference code elaboration. The results revealed structured social representations about Brazil and Brazilian people, anchored in images and perceptions publicized by media and explored by tourism industry; also in historical speeches comparing Brazil and South Africa, which are still broadcasted nowadays. Regards to Portuguese language, the results indicate an affective dimension of social representations, and also connection among Brazilian Portuguese /Brazilian people – German language/German people – Portuguese from Mozambique and Portugal. The understanding of social representations about Brazil, Brazilians and the Portuguese language / Brazilian culture in an international context should be considered in the elaboration of international policies for the diffusion of Portuguese language and Brazilian culture.
SEnsembles – uma abordagem para melhorar a qualidade das correspondências de instâncias disjuntas em estudos observacionais explorando características idênticas e ensembles de regressores
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-12-16)
Borges Junior, Sergio Ricardo
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Santos, Marilde Terezinha Prado
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9826026025118073
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Ciferri, Ricardo Rodrigues
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8382221522817502
Introduction. The datasets used in observational studies have instances belonging to two distinct groups (i.e. treatment group and control group), which are compared in order to estimate the effect of the treatment over the results. For such, in one of the approaches, called Propensity Score Matching (PSM), the propensity score for the instances of both groups is estimated and, subsequently, the correspondence of these instances is performed based on the values for the propensity score. The propensity score is the probability of attribution of a treatment based on the observed characteristics (e.g. income, sex and age). In this context, the logistic regression is widely used to estimate the propensity score and there is an great variety of instance correspondence methods. Objective. This doctor´s thesis has as its main objective to investigate computational alternatives in order to improve the quality of the instance correspondence in datasets that are manipulated in observational studies. Methodology. Techniques that estimate the propensity score and methods to perform the instance correspondence in observational studies were investigated. Thus, it was possible to investigate how the identical characteristics of the instances could be exploited in a new process to perform correspondence and, how ensembles could substitute the logistic regression by estimating the propensity scores of the instances, in the context of the PSM process. Proposal. This thesis proposes a new approach in the context of the PSM process, called “SEnsembles”, which aims to improve the quality of instance correspondence based on two main processes, which use techniques that separately consider the identical characteristics of the instances and the ensembles of regressors, more precisely, bagging, random forest and boosting. Results. The proposed approach “SEnsembles” improves the quality of the instance correspondence for the majority of calipers used (i.e. zero, 0.05, 0.10, 0.15, 0.20, 0.25 and 0.30) when compared to the baseline Nearest Neighbor Matching (NNM). Based on the experiments, when there was an improvement over the baseline, the technique that separates the identical characteristics of the instances presented improvements of up to 53.8% in the quality of correspondence, with an average of gains of 12.1%; and only 2.7% of average in the reduction of the number of pairs of instances matched. The technique which substituted the logistic regression for ensembles of regressors, in turn, presented the best correspondence with the caliper zero and with the values 0.20, 0.25 and 0.30, with improvements of up to 36.3% and an average of gains of 12.7%; and a slightly reduction of 7.6% in the number of pairs of instances matched.
Cidade dos homens: etnografia de um salão masculino na periferia de São Paulo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-12-16)
Diniz, Gregório Zambon
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Rizek, Cibele Saliba
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0540870380815135
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5327778690218515
Under the sign of the heterogeneity of the peripheries, treated as territories of a city and all its complexities this dissertation seeks, at first, to describe the work itself and its methodologies markedly by my entry into the field through an ethnographic methodology, starting a research in a men's parlor located on the eastern outskirts of São Paulo. It is from this parlor, as well as my travels around the city, strongly marked by the use of trains and subways, that my central points of observation occur. In this sense, I discuss the normalities and daily life at the parlor, taking the four hairdressers as central individuals of the research. Thus, in addition to tracing their life trajectories, I tried to apprehend the knowledge from the stories I heard, tracing and analyzing, thus, the reasons and motivations for which individuals circulate in the city, the relativity of money, values and valuations, as well how to clarify a city of men.
Caracterização fitossociológica da comunidade de trepadeiras e sua rebrota após o corte em uma floresta estacional semidecídua degradada
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-12-16)
Chi, Isaí Euán
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Viani, Ricardo Augusto Gorne
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3250752369062840
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4666873579374289
Forests in seasonal tropical regions are increasingly represented by degraded remnants, exposed to an overabundance of lianas, which inhibit the successional advance and are often managed by cutting. The research related to this dissertation was carried out in fragments of seasonal semideciduous forest degraded and dominated by linas, in the Vassununga State Park, in Santa Rita do Passa Quatro-SP, Atlantic Forest, Brazil. The dissertation has two chapters, the first one with the objective of characterizing the liana and tree communities in a degraded forest and the second chapter evaluating liana resprouting after cutting, in the rain and dry seasons. In chapter 1, biomass and the relationship of tree and liana communities’ attributes were evaluated in order to test the hypothesis that basal area and tree density are lower in areas where liana biomass and density is higher. Plots of 44 m x 45 m were installed, and trees with height ≥ 1 m were measured and accounted. In subplots of 3 m x 15 m, the lianas ≥ 0.5 cm in diameter were measured. Liana and tree biomass were calculated with pre-established allometric equations. We found 45 liana and 191 trees species. The total biomass (lianas plus trees) was 181.44 Mg. ha-1 . The density of vines was 12,523 ind. ha -1 and its biomass was 10.48 Mg. ha-1 (5.77% of the total). The density of trees was 840.37 ind. ha-1 and its biomass was 170.96 Mg. ha-1 (94.23% of the total). A ratio of 14.9 individuals of lianas per tree was found, as well as no correlation was between basal area and tree density with liana biomass. In the second chapter, 29 plots of 3 x 15 m were established, 12 plots with lianas cut in the rainy season and 17 in the dry season. The cut of lianas was made at a height of 1 m, in order to simply break the stem connection, without involving the removal of the cut material. In the dry season, the percentage of regrowth was 59% and in the rainy season 52%. The total number of resprouters was 2,178, 1,114 in the rainy and 1,056 in the dry season. The average number of resprouters per individual was 4.2 for the dry and 3.8 for the rainy season. The average length of resprouters was 47.36 cm for the dry and 45.48 cm for the rainy season. The average diameter of the resprouters was 0.29 cm for the dry and 0.28 for the rainy season. All these results did not differ between seasons. The diametric category with the highest number of resprouters was the intermediate (2.5 cm ≤ DBH < 5 cm, with 3.9 sprouts), followed by the small (0.5 cm ≤ DBH< 2.5 cm, 3) and the largest (≥ 5 cm DAP, 1.7). Similar results were four for data regarding resprouters length and diameter. Resprouting varied among species and, in general, the season of the year does not influence resprouting. The results help to better understand the balance between richness and biomass of trees in degraded fragments and the response of hyperabundant lianas to management, supporting conservation and restoration actions in these forests
A nucleação escolar no assentamento Vila Amazônia em Parintins/AM e a precarização das condições de acesso, permanência e qualidade social da educação no campo.
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-12-16)
Souza, Rosana Ramos de
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Bezerra Neto, Luiz
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4809080593333472
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0007922442999427
This work arose from my restlessness at the inequalities in educational supply for populations living in the regions furthest from urban nuclei in the Amazon region. In family life and with known people, in social relations built in schools and at work, there is a fragility of knowledge about our own educational reality and, especially, about the schools of the field. In this perspective, the thesis defended here is that the inauguration and functioning of a nucleated school do not guarantee access, student stay and social quality of education; on the contrary: by making rural school transport as the only way to access the school, the government does not guarantee the resources and conditions necessary for satisfactory learning of students who live and study in the field. The work is based on the historical, political, economic and cultural study, in an attempt to understand the multiple determinations that configure education in the field, in the nucleated schools of the Vila Amazônia Settlement. The research seeks to analyze the nucleation process and its reflections on access, permanence and social quality of education offered to students in the Vila Amazônia Settlement in Parintins. In line with this purpose, it was up to us to analyze the interrelationship of the State and social movements at the national level in the guidelines, programs and actions managed for the schools of the field; identify the problems arising from the displacement of students (land and river route) to nucleated schools and their impacts on educational indicators; and analyze educational policies for the field, in the Amazonian context, having as object the nucleated schools of the Vila Amazônia Settlement. The methodological course occurred through bibliographic research, data collection was performed through semi-structured interviews, document analysis, on-site visit, observations, microdata analysis of the School Census, Ideb, income and data on age-grade distortion available on the QEdu platform. Managers, residents and leaders of the respective communities surveyed were interviewed, technicians responsible for the Coordination of Rural Education, the coordinator of Rural School Transport and the former Secretary of Education, who served at the head of the implementation of nucleated schools in the late 1990s. Nucleation was expanded in Brazil as opposed to the weaknesses of the multiserial classes; however, it turns out that it causes two problems: first, it closes schools in communities; and, second, does not guarantee rural school transport with quality, punctuality and safety. Nucleation requires the operation of school transport, without transportation the student's access is unfeasible; recurring paralizations may be found, whether due to lack of fuel, payment of carriers or maintenance of buses and intrafecability of the road, factors that directly compromise the social quality of education. It is pointed out the need to readjust the school calendar in an alternation regime, in order to reduce the negative impacts during the rainy season, a period in which greater difficulties occur in transport. This action is aimed at demonstrating the Community, through the mobilization of social movements with the Municipal Council of Education and SEMED, considering that the road has been without paving for decades, without objective manifestation, concrete manifestation of rulers of the federal, state or municipal levels to improve the living conditions of the population living in the settlement, as well as enable conditions for access, permanence and social quality of education to students.
Uso de canciones en educación media para la enseñanza del idioma inglés en Tegucigalpa, Honduras
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-12-16)
Obando, Katya Alejandra Mejía
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Bittar, Marisa
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3059723520472948
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5291391394346627
The following research was carried out in Tegucigalpa, Honduras, specifically at high school level in public schools. The objective of this research is to know, through surveys, the teachers´ and students’ perceptions, about the use of songs in English teaching. This research is divided into three chapters the first called educational stage of Honduras, in which the its describe the location of the Central American country, as well as a brief description of the economic and social situation of the country. In addition, it describes how the education system in Honduras is organized based on the National Basic Curriculum (CNB), also defines the purpose of each educational level, with an emphasis on the high school level. The second chapter is about the English teaching methodology, and the relevance in Honduras. It also explains the proper use of English songs to increase the four basic skills of a language (listening, speaking, reading and writing). The third and final chapter shows the data analysis about the surveys applied in high school level to teachers and students. At the end of the third chapter it is suggested a didactic proposal based on the songs mentioned by teachers and students.
Dinâmica de colisões eletrônicas com moléculas orgânicas voláteis: seções de choque de ionização e diferenciais elásticas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-12-16)
Silva, Luis Augusto da
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Homem, Manoel Gustavo Petrucelli
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2059356773212608
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7948353783833496
ELECTRONIC COLLISIONS WITH VOLATILE ORGANIC MOLECULES: IONIZATION AND ELASTIC DIFFERENTIAL CROSS SECTIONS. In this work we report an experimental investigation of the dissociative ionization processes induced by electron impact in tetrahydrofuran molecules (THF). Specifically, total ionization cross sections (TICS) and partial ionization cross sections (PICS) were determined in the 10 to 800 eV energy range. Also, same energy range differential cross sections (DCS) were measured for the elastic scattering of electrons for various volatile organic species: acetone, methyl formate, ethyl acetate, acetaldehyde and dimethyl disulfide. The experiments were performed using a Time-Of-Flight (TOF) mass spectrometer and an electron scattering spectrometer, both developed at the Laboratory of Electronic and Photonic Collisions (LCEF) of the Department of Chemistry at UFSCar, São Carlos, Brazil. The absolute values of the cross sections were obtained by the relative flow technique (RFT). Except for the TICS of THF molecule, there are not previous data reported in the literature for comparison with our results. The present experimental data were compared with results obtained in the theoretical frame of the Binary EncounterBethe (BEB), calculations performed in the frame of the independent atoms model (IAM) and other calculated results available in the literature. Compared with BEB results our experimental TICS are systematically higher, but in good agreement with other previous experimental data available. Our DCS experimental data, in general show good agreement with the theoreticals results.
Regressão binária nas abordagens clássica e bayesiana
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-12-16)
Fernandes, Amélia Milene Correia
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Andrade Filho, Marinho Gomes de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4126245980112687
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5662278850972757
The objective of this work is to study the binary regression model under the frequentist and Bayesian approaches using the probit, logit, log-log complement, Box-Cox transformation and skewprobit as link functions. In the classical approach we presented assumpti- ons and procedures used in the regression modeling. We verified the accuracy of the estimated parameters by building confidence intervals and conducting hypothesis tests. In the Bayesian appro- ach we made a comparative study using two methodologies. For the first methodology, we considered non-informative prior dis- tributions and the Metropolis-Hastings algorithm to estimate the model. In the second methodology we used auxiliary variables to obtain the known a posteriori distribution, allowing the use of the Gibbs Sampler algorithm. However, the introduction of these auxiliary variables can generate correlated values and needs the use of clustering of unknown quantities in blocks to reduce the autocorrelation. In the simulation study we used the AIC and BIC information criteria to select the most appropriate model and we evaluated whether the coverage probabilities of the confidence interval is in agre- ement with that expected by the asymptotic theory. In Bayesian approach we found that the inclusion of auxiliary variables in the model results in a more efficient algoritm according to the MSE, MAPE and SMAPE criteria. In this work we also present applications to two real datasets. The first dataset used is the variation of the Ibovespa and variation of the daily value of the American dollar at the time of closing the 2013 to 2016. The second dataset, used is an educational data set (INEP-2013), where we are interested in studying the factors that infuence the approval of the student.
Modelagem da dinâmica espacial do uso da terra para o município de São Carlos : condições pretéritas e futuras
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-12-16)
Stanganini, Fábio Noel
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Lollo, José Augusto de
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8987677644041247
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6774358264004600
Urban area growth intensification process of São Carlos’s county has been quickly rising over the years and without helpful elements on planning and management of these areas, leading changes on spatial dynamic, and significant changes on environmental conditioning and consequently in natural landscape. This work aims an historical and temporal construction of land’s use and occupation through an analysis during a period of 30 years by means of LANDSAT satellite images 4, 5, 7 e 8 with the sensors MMS, TM, TM+ e OLI, concomitantly was build through these analysis a little perspective of future sceneries for the years of 2020 and 2030 through the DINAMICA EGO’s software, totalizing a period of 50 years of study about urban area growth process. The tesis, based on obtained data of 1980, 1990, 2000 e 2010, had demonstrated the area situation on this time period and immediate surroundings of the city regarding land’s use and occupation, divided in 5 classes of use, being them, exposed soil, agricultural area, vegetation, urban area and hydrography, by means of informations’ classification and visual interpretation. Were developed thematic cards that will help on the provided scenarios build and the future frames in a little period of time. The results point out that, like the population rises, vehicles rise and consequently generating environmental’s degradation and impacts almost irreversible due to intense occupation form. Another important factor is the pressure above natural resources, especially vegetation and water resources. The historical approach and the modeling process of spatial information with a provided view of future scenarios provides subsidies to understand the land’s use transformation, like the hydrography sub basin’s occupation, floods, urban water drain, lost of vegetation and waterproofing increase, generating this way a technical device for future interventions and decision-making of local public power.
GARMA models, a new perspective using Bayesian methods and transformations
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-12-16)
Andrade, Breno Silveira de
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Andrade Filho, Marinho Gomes de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4126245980112687
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2060946751027537
Generalized autoregressive moving average (GARMA) models are a class of models that was developed for extending the univariate Gaussian ARMA time series model to a flexible observation-driven model for non-Gaussian time series data. This work presents the GARMA model with discrete distributions and application of resampling techniques to this class of models. We also proposed The Bayesian approach on GARMA models. The TGARMA (Transformed Generalized Autoregressive Moving Average) models was proposed, using the Box-Cox power transformation. Last but not least we proposed the Bayesian approach for the TGARMA (Transformed Generalized Autoregressive Moving Average).
Comparação de sistemas agroflorestais em assentamentos rurais: estudo de caso nos municípios de Bonito e Ponta Porã - MS
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-12-16)
Francisco, Priscila Maria Silva
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Padovan, Milton Parron
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4843998426062045
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Schlindwein, Marcelo Nivert
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9690898537150950
In an area with high biodiversity of the native vegetation of savannah and Atlantic forest as the studied areas of the state of Mato Grosso do Sul, the systems agroflorestais should present models to propitiate the maintenance of that biodiversity and guarantee the family farmers' alimentary sovereignty. In that expectation, it was aimed at in this study to compare the implantation and transport of systems agroflorestais among two areas with different ecotones, in order to recognize potentialities to promote the recovery of degraded areas. For the collection of data an itinerary half structured was applied containing closed and open subjects. The lifted up information in the units of production refer to items as: i) the farmers' characterization as for the socket of decision as for the handling of SAFs and to the size of the unit of production and of SAF; ii) implantation of the systems: reasons of the implantation and objectives; iii) I handle of the system agroflorestal; iv) commercialization; v) technical support; and I saw) public politics disputed by the farmers that supported the implementation of SAFs of agroecological bases. The obtained data were systematized and analyzed in the Software Statistical Package goes Social the Sciences. SPSS. It was contacted that, the ecorregiões the socket of decision as for the handling of the system it leaves of the masculine gender, that you/they need improvements in relation to the technical support and of support and incentives for investment in infrastructure to process the production originating from of the systems agroflorestais in order to join value to the final product. The insert type to the market and the government's programs like PAA and PNAE influences strongly in those farmers' income, therefore they are necessary public politics that you/they think the production and the commercialization of the products, offering support for the construction of fairer markets.
Um framework interativo para validação de resultados de pesquisas de otimização baseados em heurísticas aplicadas a problemas de programação de tarefas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-12-16)
Oliveira, Ronaldo Castro de
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Tavares Neto, Roberto Fernandes
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6954662222457389
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6338660752822712
;
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2520-6633
When evaluating researches using heuristics and metaheuristics is perceived that there is a lack of standardization in the analysis and representation of the output results. Some works in this area presents only tabulated results with analysis based on mean and standard deviation values. Other works shows also graphs that allow a visual analysis of the results, but lacking a statistical analysis to reach conclusions. In a few works, it can be perceived the concern about in conducting a statistical analysis that can be able to provide more conclusive information, such as parametric and non-parametric analysis. This lack of standardization makes it difficult to compare related researches with the same goals. In addition, researchers are compelled to use ad-hoc approaches to demonstrate advantages and disadvantages of new techniques developed. This study proposes an implementation of a researches development process using optimization based on heuristics and meta-heuristics for solving scheduling problems of production engineering, focusing on statistical validation of output results. The validation of this process is achieved by developing implementation of a computational framework that provides support to comparison benchmarks, parameterization of algorithmic solutions analyzed, execution of the algorithmic solutions based on heuristics with storage of results and full allowance for statistical analysis from the output results.
Proposta de modelo de negócio com estratégias de inovação para empresas de micro e pequeno porte : baseada em estudo realizado em empresas do segmento de moda dos municípios de Goiânia, Pontalina e Taquaral de Goiás-GO
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-12-19)
Corsatto, Cássia Aparecida
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Hoffmann, Wanda Aparecida Machado
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7609135667093837
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3336747526568951
This thesis aimed to elaborate a proposal of a business model with strategies´ innovation for micro and small companies, researching companies of the fashion segment located in Goiânia, Pontalina and Taquaral de Goiás-GO, for the facing the current competitive market. The research was motivated by the observation and experience of the difficulties presented by companies in the industrial segment, particularly those in the fashion segment, to understand the context of innovation, identify their occurrences in internal (operational) and external (strategic) factors and to integrate them to the practices of business management. In addition, mainly, to use them for the development and definition of innovation strategies as mechanisms of competitive advantage and insertion in the market. Looking this perspective and considering the globalized world, where micro and small Brazilian business are inserted which has been causing intense transformations in the business environment and which has led companies from all over the world to reconfigure themselves and seek ways to foster competitiveness, we have sought to analyze the innovation with a systemic and integrated way to the strategies and models of management of the companies evaluating the performance of the strategic and operational factors, observing its structural aspects, processes, products, commercialization competitiveness and socioeconomic sustainability among others. The information was raise through a questionnaire application that allowed characterizing the occurrences of innovation in the operational and strategic factors of the companies surveyed. Considering this, sought observe the learning and knowledge factors that stimulate the innovative processes and presenting a business model proposal with innovation strategies for micro and small business, taking into account the requirements of the importance, significance and relevance of innovation for these enterprise. In this way, it tried to establish the adherence between the business practice and the academic knowledge, establishing the relationship between the innovation, looking for to integrate to the strategies and models of management of the companies. It also sough associated it with the concepts and theoretical studies obtained through a bibliographical, theoretical and conceptual review on the themes of innovation, strategy, competitiveness, business model and micro and small enterprises. It was an empirical research, of an exploratory descriptive nature, of an applied nature, with quantitative approach insofar as it observed numerical and qualitative aspects, insofar as it collected information through individual interviews. The data collection was carry out with 45 companies from the fashion segment of Goiânia, Pontalina and Taquaral de Goiás-GO. It was take through a structured questionnaire applying in-depth interviews, the data were process and analyzed using the Survey Win 4.0, and the Excel software is resulting in the characterization of the operational and strategic factors that allowed the presentation of the business model proposal with innovation strategies. This research will contribute to promove some reflection and to improve the understanding of elements that can compose the innovation strategies aimed at micro and small companies.
Política de bonificação salarial no estado de São Paulo : desdobramentos para o desenvolvimento profissional e o trabalho docente
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-12-19)
Bergo, Luisa Foppa
;
Fernandes, Maria Cristina da Silveira Galan
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5786385589553214
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5097813390247365
This research aims to study the relationship and unfolding of the wage subsidy policy for professional development and teaching work in the state of São Paulo. The initial proposal to subsidize teachers was implemented by the State Secretariat of Education of São Paulo, through Complementary Law No. 891 of 2000, which instituted the Merit Bonus, but the study was delimited in the proposal presented by Complementary Law No. 1,078 of 2008 that deals with the Bonification by Results (BR). These bonuses would be paid to the servants in office at the State Secretariat of Education of São Paulo who have met the established goals, which aim, according to the Law itself, to improve and improve the quality of public education in São Paulo. The research has a qualitative and dialectical character. The collection of official documents was used as data collection procedures on the website of the State Secretariat of Education of São Paulo; The bibliographic survey on websites of periodicals, universities and thesis and dissertation banks; As well as interviews with teachers of basic education in a municipality in the interior of the state of São Paulo. The results were triangulated, analyzed and interpreted through authors who are based on historical-dialectical materialism, seeking to broaden the understanding of the unfolding perceived by teachers in their work and professional development from the relationship between educational goals and salary bonuses. It was found that the bonus policies are linked to a worldwide movement, in which the USA and England stand out as precursors to the development of such wage subsidy policies. In the state of São Paulo, the specific goals for each school unit are proposed based on the São Paulo State Education Development Index (IDESP), which is composed of the São Paulo State School Income Assessment System (SARESP) and the Students in the initial and final years of Elementary and Middle School. The general results indicate the teachers' discontent regarding the way in which the bonus policy is developed, since it negatively impacts on the work of the teacher, devaluing it to the detriment of the achievement of the IDESP goals, with the devaluation of the other disciplines due to the focus Of the Portuguese Language and Mathematics, being configured, in this sense, the teaching for the test. It is also noticed in the teachers' interviews, the feeling of loss of the teaching identity due to the new roles assigned to the school, causing the teaching sometimes to be at the mercy of other demands that are not a function of the teacher, causing them The feeling of devaluation of the exercise of the profession itself and loss of autonomy in teaching due to the strong directives of the teaching board. Finally, professional development has also been negatively impacted, since the offer of continuing education courses has been limited to the courses offered by the SEE, which are directed to the implementation of the curriculum and that, in general, displease the teachers, causing these, only participate in them for salary progression. It should be stressed that continuing education alone does not guarantee the improvement of students' performance and that a better articulation between initial, continuing, career planning and public investment in material conditions is needed to improve education rates. Therefore, the negative impact that the bonus policy generates at school and, especially, on the work and professional development of teachers is revealed.
Avaliação da resistência à fadiga e caracterização microestrutural de fios extrudados e forjados da liga AA7050 reciclada por conformação por spray
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-12-19)
Salvo, João Guilherme Jacon de
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Afonso, Conrado Ramos Moreira
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2176215981291453
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9667376368636895
High strength 7XXX precipitation hardened aluminum alloys are widely used in aircraft structural components. The machining process applied in the fabrication of these components is a low efficiency process regard ing material utilization, generating a solid waste composed by noble alloy machining chips with great potential of application. However, this material is usually sold as scrap for the secondary aluminum industries, which use it for low performance applications. The present work is a continuation of the effort provided by others researchers, who have been searching a higher value-added destination for this material through its reintroduction as a high quality and high strength final product, whose proprieties are compatible with those provided by the original alloy. Although, traditional foundry practices are unsuitable for this purpose, resulting in a poor quality material. Hence, this study aims to characterize a wire produced by a process route comprising AA7050 machining chips spray forming remelting, followed by extrusion and swaging; resulting in a 2.7 mm diameter wire. The microstructural characterization was carried out by scanning electronic microscope (SEM), transmission electronic microscope (TEM), x-ray diffraction (XRD) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The mechanical properties were evaluated by tensile and fatigue tests. Fracture surface analyses were carried out by SEM. The results allowed correlating wire microstructure, through alloy intermetallics characterization, with its monotonic and cyclic mechanical properties. It was possible to verify the microstructural effects in fracture behavior of the tested wires. The AA7050 alloy wires showed high tensile and fatigue (HCF) strength, with possible applications in power transmission cables and, even, their reintroduction in the aerospace industry.
Atenção psicossocial de adolescentes : a percepção de profissionais da atenção básica e estratégica em saúde mental
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-12-19)
Silva, Jaqueline Ferreira da
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Cid, Maria Fernanda Barboza
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3245157370848472
The historical path of the attention to the mental health of children and adolescents accompanied, in a particular and late way, the paths taken in the care of the adult population with psychic suffering, so that from the beginning of the nineteenth century there is recognition of the needs of care to the child and adolescent population, being, at first, the historical care delegated to the educational and social assistance sectors. However, from a few milestones, such as the Brazilian psychiatric reform and the declaration of human rights, it became possible to develop a new conception for childhood and adolescence, as well as the recognition of child and adolescent psychosocial care in the public policy arena. However, literature in the area has pointed to the scarcity of research that focuses on the assistance to Mental Health of adolescents, since they have presented significant indexes of psychic suffering, and indicate the need for more research that can subsidize the actions and policies aimed at this population. Thus, the present study aimed to identify how psychosocial attention has been given to the adolescent from the perspective of professionals linked to a service of Strategic Psychosocial Care (CAPS) and to Basic Health Care services (UBS and USF). In order to respond to the proposed objectives, a qualitative, descriptive and exploratory research was developed. The study was attended by 19 professionals from the Strategic Psychosocial Attention Service (CAPSij) and Basic Health Care (UBS and USF) and located in a medium-sized municipality in the interior of the State of São Paulo. Four data collection instruments were developed, two forms for characterization of professionals and services, and two semi-structured interviews for professionals. The data coming from the forms were analyzed in a descriptive way and those of the interviews were investigated by the Thematic Analysis, one of the techniques foreseen in the Content Analysis Method. The main results of the interviews with CAPSij professionals indicated that it acts as a gateway to the mental health demand of adolescents in the municipality, which is perceived as a challenge, considering the role of the service in the definition of eligible cases or not for the CAPSij. In addition, the participants also reported on the difficulties that the team faces with regard to the adherence of the adolescents users to the service, indicating the need for more strategies that facilitate the linkage of the same and the effectiveness of the work, as well as in relation to the users' families. The difficulty in enabling RAPS in the municipality was also a challenge pointed out by professionals. On the other hand, the data show the commitment of the participants in care actions focused on the premises of policies and the search for network articulation, especially with the Basic Health Care. The results of the interviews with the professionals of Basic Health Care Pointed out the challenges in the care and follow-up of the adolescent population in general, especially those who experience the psychological suffering that, according to the statements, hardly reach the service and, when they arrive, are referred to CAPSij. It was also observed that the activities carried out in adolescent ABS services are fundamentally curative, and health promotion and prevention actions are rare, as well as those of a network of care that, when they occur, are triggered by the CAPSij. Therefore, it was possible to verify with the present study that the psychosocial attention of adolescents in the investigated context is a field under construction and, currently, it occurs in CAPSij. It is hoped that the findings obtained may provide more subsidies for reflection and planning of policies and more effective interventions directed at the population of adolescents in psychological distress.
A pós-graduação no Brasil e na UFSCar : diagnósticos, desafios e propostas de ação
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-12-19)
Camargo, Daniele Marcelo
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Carvalho, Joelson Gonçalves de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0141039743607067
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5608867204391867
This study presents a rescue of the studies graduate institutionalization in Brazil, since its emergence, discussing its trajectory, as well the expansion of the Studies Graduate National System. As a special focus, it was adopted a clipping about its evolution in the Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), which is a strategic part of Ministry of Education expansion policy context. The present research was developed through a dense bibliographical revision and an empirical investigation, that permitted to present the history of its implementation since 1930s, considering the appearance of the first universities in the Brazil. In front of this expansion, it was given a focus in the evolution in numbers of UFSCar's studies graduate programs, showing the growing and the challenges faced in the last decades. Being the Studies Graduate be a strategic factor for the development of a country, it is demonstrated through results of this study the necessity of propositions and adoptions of future actions in order that allow a quantitative and qualitative growth of the graduate studies in the UFSCar and at Brazil level.
Obtenção e caracterização estrutural, microestrutural e elétrica do condutor protônico BaCe1-xYxO3-δ com e sem aditivo de sinterização
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-12-19)
Pires, Elcio Liberato
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Souza, Dulcina Maria Pinatti Ferreira de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4100119317525940
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3551588323498549
The study of solid electrolytes (SE) is important to the scientific and technological development of materials used in application related to clean energy generation, such as Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (SOFCs). Yttrium-doped Barium Cerate is a SE with perovskite structure and great potential for this application because of its high values of protonic conductivity in temperatures between 350 and 600°C, which would allow the replacement of the currently used Zirconia based SE that operate above 800 °C, reducing the manufacturing cost of SOFCs. In the present work, eighteen compositions of BaCe1-xYxO3-δ system with x ranging from 0 to 0.2 were synthesized via modified citrate process and for half of the compositions an addition of 1 wt% ZnO as sintering aid was made. With the goal of establishing a correlation between structure, microstructure and electrical conductivity with the yttrium concentration and in the presence or absence of the sintering aid, all compositions were characterized with X-ray Powder Diffraction, Raman Spectroscopy, Scanning and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), Energy-dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS) and Impedance Spectroscopy. Secondary phases were characterized using TEM, EDS and Electron Diffraction. All samples presented relative bulk density values above 95%. The bulk electrical conductivity is proportional to the yttrium concentration in the grain and, in general, the ZnO addition promoted grain growth, increasing its average size up to five times in some compositions. The ZnO acts mainly at the grain boundary region and it is effective as sintering aid only when the composition has some yttrium content. Among all synthesized compositions, BaCe0.8Y0.2O3-δ without ZnO addition showed the highest electrical conductivity value at 600°C (≈ 31.5 mS/cm). In the group of samples with ZnO, the highest values (close to 18.4 mS/cm), were obtained for compositions with Yttrium content above 14 at.%.
Participação dos receptores gabaérgicos, serotoninérgicos e adrenérgicos do núcleo do trato solitário na ingestão de água e sódio induzida por diferentes tipos de desidratação
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-12-20)
Tomeo, Rodrigo Anderson
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Paula, Patrícia Maria de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0201361251312074
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2675300056814074
The nucleus of the solitary tract (NTS), the primary site of peripheral osmoreceptor and cardiovascular afferences, is suggested to receive important inhibitory signals involved in the control of water and sodium intake. However, it is not known which neurotransmitters are involved in the transmission of this information. Central gabaergic, serotonergic and adrenergic mechanisms are involved in the control of sodium and water intake and immunohistochemical studies have shown that these receptors are present in the NTS. Therefore, in the present study, we investigated the effects of muscimol (a GABAA receptor agonist), DOI (a serotonergic 5-HT2A/2C receptor agonist), methysergide (a serotonergic 5-HT1/2 receptor antagonist) and moxonidine (α2 adrenergic/imidazoline receptor agonist) injected into the NTS on water and 0.3 M NaCl intake induced by intragastric load of 2 M NaCl (a cellular dehydration protocol), by intracerebroventricular (icv) angiotensin II (ANG II) or by sodium depletion (furosemide + 24 h diet deficient in sodium, a extracellular dehydration protocol). Holtzman rats (290-310 g, n=3-20) had stainless steel cannulas implanted bilaterally into the NTS and into the lateral ventricle (LV). Bilateral injection of muscimol (0.25 and 0.5 nmol/100 nl), and DOI (2.5 μg/100 nl) reduced water intake induced by intragastric load of 2 M NaCl (2 ml/rat) and water intake induced by icv ANG II (50 ng/100nl) without changing 0.3 M NaCl intake. Bilateral injection of DOI reduced water intake induced by icv ANG II. However, DOI produced no changes in the 0.3 M NaCl and water intake induced by sodium depletion. Injections of methysergide (2 μg/100 nl) produced no changes in the water and 0.3 M NaCl intake induced by intragastric load of 2 M NaCl, icv ANG II or sodium depletion. The pre-treatment with methysergide blocked the effect of DOI on water intake induced by intragastric load of 2 M NaCl. Besides that, bilateral injections of moxonidine (0.5 and 5 nmol/100 nl) produced no changes on water intake induced by intragastric load of 2 M NaCl. The results suggest that gabaergic, serotonergic, but not adrenergic, receptors in the NTS are part of a mechanism involved in the inhibitory control of water intake induced by cellular dehydration. Our results also suggest that serotonergic receptors into the NTS participate in the control of water intake induced by icv injection of ANG II.
Entre experiências e diferenças nas mídias digitais : modos de uso e desejos-hashtag na #seráqueéracismo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-12-20)
Baboni, Renata
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Sanchez, Fábio José Bechara
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6423443695464907
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5510971486260967
The research inquired into the relation among ways of using and the identification processes involving #seráqueéracismo on Twitter. Therefore, it unveiled how the differences were articulated in the discourses about racialized experiences by means of analyzing published content and semi-structured interviews with the influencers, widely shared narratives producers. Analytical axes such as experiences and diferences were used, in the relation between gender, sexuality, race and social class, through Queer Studies. In these negotiations about differences, the hashtag, communication mode about itself, was very characterized by narratives about emotions. These ways of using it, on one hand, are configured by a certain contestatory practice of a racist current norm's perception in some narratives and, on the other hand, enabled an aperture of a discussion about the existence or not of racism in other narratives. In this game of experiences ambivalences, sometimes were reproduced and sometimes were contested normalizations about differences, by means of position delimitations and stereotyping individuals. It was also very frequent the description of racism in the other, directly linked to the social acknowledge desire that rules those ways of using (so many times denied to the nonwhite, conferring on them the victimization and accountability on the existence of racism).