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A influência da morfologia e da biologia floral no sucesso reprodutivo do adubo verde Crotalaria juncea L. (Leguminosae, Papilionoideae)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-02-06) Ricci, Nícolas Alberto Polizelli; Agostini, Kayna; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5894768661755535; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0665045130691552
The pollination is a fundamental ecosystem function for the plants development, including the reproductive success. In Crotalaria juncea L., it is verified that the flowers have distinct anthers morphs and fillets length, which in turn can influence in their reproduction. In this context, the aim of this manuscript was to study the pollination and reproductive system of C. juncea. The aim of the chapter I were to verify if floral morphology and biology influence the behavior of floral visitors. The aim of the chapter II were to compare the efficacy of floral visitors in the fruits and seeds set in different treatments; and to evaluate the fertility components. The study was carried out in a planting area in a green area, in Santa Bárbara d'Oeste (22°44'21.9"S; 47°21'22.6"W), São Paulo, with 120 individuals. Floral visitors were observed between February and March 2016. Determination of floral opening and floral anthesis were obtained through field observation, during flowering. The stigmatic receptivity was verified by the 3% hydrogen peroxide submersion test. The estimate of pollen production was given by counting the number of pollen grains produced by anther. The number of viable pollen grains was quantified through cytoplasmic staining, using the acetic carmine technique. To verify the effectiveness of flowering visitors in the formation of fruits and seeds of C. juncea, controlled tests of pollinator visits were carried out on floral buds previously bagged with tulle. In order to verify the effects of the fertility components, developed fruits were counted in 30 individuals, as well as the number of developed and aborted seeds in 684 fruits. The fruits were counted by position (basal, median and apical), in the inflorescences. The same method was used for the development and abortion of the seeds in the fruits. Variance analyzes were performed to detect differences between developed and aborted seeds masses in efficacy tests. In the analysis of the fecundity components, differences in fruit development and seed abortion were observed between the inflorescence and fruit positions, respectively. Through analysis of floral morphometry, there was a difference between male reproductive structures, characterizing floral heterantry. The observations indicated only the presence of large bees (X. frontalis) as floral visitors. When comparing the values obtained between the small anthers and the large anthers, for the total amount of pollen grains, no variation was obtained (p=0,5079). In the stigmatic receptivity test it was seen that the stigmas are receptive in all phases of floral anthesis. In the test of staining of the pollen grains, with acetic carmine, pollen viability was verified above 90%, in both morphs of anthers. There was a significant difference in the number and mass of the fruits developed, only between treatments of 1 and 3 visits of X. frontalis. There was a significant difference when comparing the distribution of the aborted and developed seeds between the fruit positions. It is concluded that the specific behavior of the bees is important in order to be able to contact the floral resources, and a greater number of visits of the pollinators can increase the productivity of the C. juncea crop, resulting in an increase in the number and mass of the fruits. In addition, maternal resources are necessary for the development of the fruit, but for the seed it is more advantageous to be near to the stigma.
A participação feminina nos grupos de pesquisa sobre tecnologia da informação no Brasil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-02-06) Oliveira, Jussara Ribeiro de; Rigolin, Camila Carneiro Dias; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2388584081961836; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9500948864389436
Female segregation in studies and in the performance of Science and Technology is historical and marked by gradual progress and full of mishaps, within this history there are still few studies that deal specifically with this reality in the performance of Information Technology. With the objective of ascertaining how women's participation in the scientific research of Information Technology in Brazil is manifested and if there are any asymmetries, through an analysis of the data of the groups of the Directory of Research Groups of the National Council of Scientific and Technological Development, an exploratory and descriptive research was carried out, through the quantitative approach of the bases of the Directory of Research Groups and the Lattes Curriculum. The result of this analysis points to gender asymmetries and confirms the hypotheses of horizontal and vertical segregation in the scientific research of Information Technology reported in the literature pointed by the studies of gender and feminist epistemology. The results still suggest that Information Technology can be a multidisciplinary field of research. Finally, it is concluded that there are still many challenges to be overcome by women seeking to work in Information Technology and in other fields of Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics in Brazil and studies with this subject are crucial to encourage the change of this reality.
Linguagem científica escrita : percursos de apropriação e suas relações com a cultura científica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-02-06) Santos, Elis Regina Alves dos; Ferraz, Maria Cristina Comunian; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2893153253924855; Sousa, Cidoval Morais de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0573233540937425; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6551978602305933
Although the concept of science has changed significantly in recent decades, certain requirements remain essential for the development of scientific practice; notably, the domain of written scientific language is one of them. The appropriation of this language is understood as an integral part of the scientific habitus and it has become core competence for the practice and for the learning of science. That this knowledge is paramount to the longevity of an individual in the scientific field forms the fundamental hypothesis that its acquisition occurs more effectively via students' daily practice, academic or otherwise, than by the focused disciplines or trainings offered at the undergraduate level. As such, the purpose of this research is to investigate the manner in which undergraduate students of the Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar) – campus São Carlos – appropriate written scientific language and if this can be considered an acquisition strategy of scientific culture. The study is descriptive-exploratory, making use of questionnaires and interviews to collect information, in conjunction with documentary research. The analysis of the results is qualitative-quantitative, using the Content Analysis technique. The results present a verified manner in which to learn written scientific language, seen mainly as instrumental, and suggest its latent potential to constitute as a fundamental element of appropriation of scientific work, which had yet to be developed by the majority of the sample studied and observed.
Tradução e adaptação do Verbal Behavior Milestones Assessment and Placement Program (VB-MAPP) para a língua portuguesa e a efetividade do treino de habiidades comportamentais para qualificar profissionais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-02-06) Martone, Maria Carolina Correa; Goyos, Antônio Celso de Noronha; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3407008711535651; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4358052434870706
The Verbal Behavior Milestones Assessment and Placement Program (VB-MAPP) authored by Mark Sundberg provides a systematic assessment for children with autism and similar delays and has become a frequent tool among those who gives consultations in this área. Divided into five components, the VB-MAPP evaluates samples of the child’s verbal repertoire from 170 developmental milestones presented in three levels (0 -18 months, 18-30 months and 30-48). The aim of this study was to translate and adapt the VB-MAPP to the Portuguese language and propose a way to qualify professionals to implement it properly. Study 1 translated and adapted to Portuguese Chapters 1 to 6 and the corresponding protocol scoring form. Study 2 tested the effect of a Behavioral Skill Training to improve the performance of the professionals in conducting the VB-MAPP. Items from a list of skills were used to measure the performance of each participant in specific tasks (Level 1, 2 and 3) of this assessment tool. The study consisted of three phases: pretest, training and posttest. Ten participants were divided into two groups: control and experimental. Both groups performed the pretest and posttest, but the training was only mandatory for the experimental group. In the pretest phase all participants received the Portuguese version of The VBMAPP and had to assess one child each. Training phase was composed of a BST package (instruction, modeling, reharsal and feedback). Only Level 1 and 2 tasks were taught. Both groups repeated the assessment in the posttest phase, however, the experimental group had an additional task: implementing the Level 3 tasks of the VB -MAPP. Still in the posttest phase, two participants (P3 and P6), presenting lower overall performances than the other participants of the experimental group, were selected for five additional posttest sessions. The results showed that all participants in the experimental group developed skills to implement The VB-MAPP regarding Level 1 and 2 tasks. About the performance of the experimental group in Level 3 tasks, it was possible to say that generalization occurred for some, but not all behaviors. The results were higher than the pretests, but lower when compared to the Level 1 and 2 tasks. Among the factors that may have contributed to this partial result we highlight: (1) Level 3 tasks are more complex than the Levels 1 and 2 and may require evaluators with more experience (2) only some milestones were selected for Level 3 testing and not all of them. As for participants P3 and P6, after a total of six posttest viii sessions, they maintained the percentage of correct answers higher than 90% for Level 1 and 2 tasks and 85% for Level 3 tasks.
Ciclo de vida e dinâmica populacional de espécies nativas de Copepoda Cyclopoida em cultivos de laboratório
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-02-06) Duarte, Matheus Almeida; Rocha, Odete; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7577441794992601; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8272378304216399
The present knowledge on the distribution and diversity of small cyclopoid copepods is rather incomplete, especially in tropical regions. Also scarce is information regarding the individual development and population growth for most species already described. Taking into account the environmental changes caused by anthropogenic activities in natural environments, and in particular the accelerated degradation of aquatic ecosystems besides climatic global changes, one of the main concerns is the possibility that many species can be extinct even before being known by mankind. Considering this scenario and because some species at risk are endemic to the Neotropical region, the present study aimed to gather information regarding the life cycle and population dynamics of three small freshwater cyclopoids: Ectocyclops herbsti, Eucyclops ensifer and Microcyclops anceps whose life cycles were not studied before. Sampling of specimens were respectively carried out at three different localities: Mayaca Lake (São Carlos, SP), Corrego da Igualdade (São Manoel, SP) and a pond in Miranda River floodplain, Pantanal matogrossense (Corumba, MS). Ovigerous females of each species were sorted out and maintained in the laboratory at constant and controlled conditions: 25 °C temperature, 12/12 h photoperiod in a growth chamber until the egg eclosion. Newly born nauplii were used for life cycle experiments under the same controlled conditions just described and daily fed with algal suspension of Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata at approximately 105 cells mL-1, in order to assess the main parameters of the three copepods life cycle and population dynamics. Mean embryonic development duration for Ectocyclops herbsti was 1.81 ± 0.53 days and 18 ± 0.7 days for the post embryonic development. Mean longevity of E. herbsti under the culture conditions was 50.43 ± 20.73 days. Eucylops ensifer had mean duration of embryonic development of 1.03±0.24 days, post-embryonic duration of 13.5±2.5 days and mean longevity of 48.5 ± 26.5 days. For Microcyclops anceps the mean embryonic and post-embryonic development times were 1.07 ± 0.12 and12 ± 2.5 days, respectively. The mean longevity of M. anceps was 30 ± 15 days. The survival curves of species laboratory first generations followed the concave type with great mortality in the beginning of life, relatively stable mortality rates after surpassing the critical transition of last nauplii instar into first copepodid stage, but with higher mortality rates close to the end of life. Comparisons of life cycle parameters from these species and also among these and other copepods show that the species studied have short generation times and high individual growth rates, thus suggesting they could play relevant roles in the community and in the functioning of the ecosystem they inhabit.
Representação multiparadigma de conhecimento musical utilizando programação lógica indutiva
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-02-06) Gonçalves Junior, Clenio Batista; Homem, Murillo Rodrigo Petrucelli; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4099700446922080; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7077081155911183
Knowledge representation process is an essential matter regarding Computer Music systems. Methods have been applied in order to provide computers with the capability to generate conclusions based on experience in specialized domains. Inductive Logic Programming is a research field which combines concepts of Logic Programming and Machine Learning. Due to its declarative feature, both acquired and produced knowledge can be presented to not-expert users in a naturally understandable way. This work deals with Music Knowledge Representation from the perspective of multi- paradigm programming, using Inductive Logic Programming technique and including the development of the knowledge-based music system Fraseado. Finally, a method for the evaluation of algorithmic composition systems - the Expanded Turing Test - is presented.
CACS-FUNDEB : território de subjetividade e de possibilidades de práticas democráticas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-02-06) Batista, José Ricardo; Silva, Flávio Caetano da; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7889803676083470; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7671024971334446
In this work the object is the discourses articulated by members of the CACS-FUNDEB (Council for Social Monitoring and Control) of cities in the interior of the State of São Paulo during the years 2015 and 2016. The aim of this research was to analyze the discursive relationship within CACS-FUNDEB in order to understand the process of subjectivation, the counselor's perception of himself and how practices are articulated with knowledge and power in the constitution of subjects. In bringing CACS-FUNDEB to the center of this research, it was based on the idea that finance is a dimension of democratic management, but that it could not be limited to surveillance and monitoring the application of resources because of the ideal surrounding creation from education fund. The study points in the direction that the collegiate is inserted in the conception of democratic management as important space of social participation, but that still needs to conquer its autonomy and effectiveness. In the relation the subject produces knowledge and powers that can affirm the scheme of domination, legitimizing such practice, but also can resist. The theoreticalmethodological procedure is based on bibliographical research and discussion of the speeches permeated by the French Discourse Analysis, with a theoretical foundation in Michel Foucault that brings a study about the parresía allowing to understand the importance of truth as a form of resistance. Against this backdrop, the CACS-FUNDEB is inserted as a space for practicability, exercising the freedom to speak the truth as a form of resistance, as an instrument of institutional and financial decentralization, attributing to society and the state a posture from a responsible management perspective. There is an intimate relationship with the notion of the care of the public welfare because the individual is part of this "common" that demands a change of individual behavior, to live righteously, to speak frankly and to act according to this discourse.
Curso de formação docente para a educação on-line da Secretaria Geral de Educação a Distância : saberes sobre a deficiência visual
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-02-06) Bengtson, Clarissa Galvão; Monteiro, Maria Iolanda; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4189205834370563; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7642935660070010
The teacher is always in a process of learning. It’s not possible to delimit the beginning or the end of his/her education. Thus, training processes subsequent to the initial education are essential so that the teacher (from childhood education to higher education) can be involved in a network of new knowledge. Through personal experiences, we realized the importance of the process of accessible materials’ adaptation, in other words, we were involved with the accessibility area in Education, specifically in Distance Education. Therefore, this work was developed based on three axes: teacher Education, Accessibility and Distance Education. The methodology we had chosen for this research is the qualitative case study; so, we chose to apply a questionnaire in the Formação Docente para Educação On-line course from Universidade Federal de São Carlos Distance Education Secretary (SEaD-UFSCar) with the purpose to investigate how the knowledge about accessibility is constructed in a Continued Teacher Education course. Furthermore, 1) to know the profile of the teachers who attended the course; 2) to evaluate how was the teachers’ participation in the module related to accessibility in the Formação Docente para Educação Online course (SEaD-UFSCar); 3) to point out which initial knowledge the teachers need to have in order to work in the inclusion of visually impaired students in Distance Learning courses; 4) to contribute to the next editions of the Teacher Training Course. As a result, we identified some predominant issues concerning teacher education focused on the teaching of visually impaired individuals in Distance Education: 1) we have observed the importance of Continued Education courses which deal with the inclusion of people with disability; 2) we have identified the necessity of having public policies which stimulate and ensure that people with disabilities have access to Education; and 3) through the course we have analyzed, we could verify a lack related to the accessibility area in the schedules of initial education and post-graduate courses, which shows that many times these deficits reflect in the teaching-learning process of visually impaired people. Therefore, it emphasizes the necessity of continued education courses that cover the topic; 4) Finally, we have detected the lack of researches that investigate the topics discussed here, which reinforces the exclusion of the theme and, consequently, the visually impaired people exclusion.