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A influência da morfologia e da biologia floral no sucesso reprodutivo do adubo verde Crotalaria juncea L. (Leguminosae, Papilionoideae)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-02-06)
Ricci, Nícolas Alberto Polizelli
;
Agostini, Kayna
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5894768661755535
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0665045130691552
The pollination is a fundamental ecosystem function for the plants development, including the reproductive success. In Crotalaria juncea L., it is verified that the flowers have distinct anthers morphs and fillets length, which in turn can influence in their reproduction. In this context, the aim of this manuscript was to study the pollination and reproductive system of C. juncea. The aim of the chapter I were to verify if floral morphology and biology influence the behavior of floral visitors. The aim of the chapter II were to compare the efficacy of floral visitors in the fruits and seeds set in different treatments; and to evaluate the fertility components. The study was carried out in a planting area in a green area, in Santa Bárbara d'Oeste (22°44'21.9"S; 47°21'22.6"W), São Paulo, with 120 individuals. Floral visitors were observed between February and March 2016. Determination of floral opening and floral anthesis were obtained through field observation, during flowering. The stigmatic receptivity was verified by the 3% hydrogen peroxide submersion test. The estimate of pollen production was given by counting the number of pollen grains produced by anther. The number of viable pollen grains was quantified through cytoplasmic staining, using the acetic carmine technique. To verify the effectiveness of flowering visitors in the formation of fruits and seeds of C. juncea, controlled tests of pollinator visits were carried out on floral buds previously bagged with tulle. In order to verify the effects of the fertility components, developed fruits were counted in 30 individuals, as well as the number of developed and aborted seeds in 684 fruits. The fruits were counted by position (basal, median and apical), in the inflorescences. The same method was used for the development and abortion of the seeds in the fruits. Variance analyzes were performed to detect differences between developed and aborted seeds masses in efficacy tests. In the analysis of the fecundity components, differences in fruit development and seed abortion were observed between the inflorescence and fruit positions, respectively. Through analysis of floral morphometry, there was a difference between male reproductive structures, characterizing floral heterantry. The observations indicated only the presence of large bees (X. frontalis) as floral visitors. When comparing the values obtained between the small anthers and the large anthers, for the total amount of pollen grains, no variation was obtained (p=0,5079). In the stigmatic receptivity test it was seen that the stigmas are receptive in all phases of floral anthesis. In the test of staining of the pollen grains, with acetic carmine, pollen viability was verified above 90%, in both morphs of anthers. There was a significant difference in the number and mass of the fruits developed, only between treatments of 1 and 3 visits of X. frontalis. There was a significant difference when comparing the distribution of the aborted and developed seeds between the fruit positions. It is concluded that the specific behavior of the bees is important in order to be able to contact the floral resources, and a greater number of visits of the pollinators can increase the productivity of the C. juncea crop, resulting in an increase in the number and mass of the fruits. In addition, maternal resources are necessary for the development of the fruit, but for the seed it is more advantageous to be near to the stigma.
A participação feminina nos grupos de pesquisa sobre tecnologia da informação no Brasil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-02-06)
Oliveira, Jussara Ribeiro de
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Rigolin, Camila Carneiro Dias
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2388584081961836
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9500948864389436
Female segregation in studies and in the performance of Science and Technology is historical and marked by gradual progress and full of mishaps, within this history there are still few studies that deal specifically with this reality in the performance of Information Technology. With the objective of ascertaining how women's participation in the scientific research of Information Technology in Brazil is manifested and if there are any asymmetries, through an analysis of the data of the groups of the Directory of Research Groups of the National Council of Scientific and Technological Development, an exploratory and descriptive research was carried out, through the quantitative approach of the bases of the Directory of Research Groups and the Lattes Curriculum. The result of this analysis points to gender asymmetries and confirms the hypotheses of horizontal and vertical segregation in the scientific research of Information Technology reported in the literature pointed by the studies of gender and feminist epistemology. The results still suggest that Information Technology can be a multidisciplinary field of research. Finally, it is concluded that there are still many challenges to be overcome by women seeking to work in Information Technology and in other fields of Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics in Brazil and studies with this subject are crucial to encourage the change of this reality.
Linguagem científica escrita : percursos de apropriação e suas relações com a cultura científica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-02-06)
Santos, Elis Regina Alves dos
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Ferraz, Maria Cristina Comunian
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2893153253924855
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Sousa, Cidoval Morais de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0573233540937425
Although the concept of science has changed significantly in recent decades, certain requirements remain essential for the development of scientific practice; notably, the domain of written scientific language is one of them. The appropriation of this language is understood as an integral part of the scientific habitus and it has become core competence for the practice and for the learning of science. That this knowledge is paramount to the longevity of an individual in the scientific field forms the fundamental hypothesis that its acquisition occurs more effectively via students' daily practice, academic or otherwise, than by the focused disciplines or trainings offered at the undergraduate level. As such, the purpose of this research is to investigate the manner in which undergraduate students of the Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar) – campus São Carlos – appropriate written scientific language and if this can be considered an acquisition strategy of scientific culture. The study is descriptive-exploratory, making use of questionnaires and interviews to collect information, in conjunction with documentary research. The analysis of the results is qualitative-quantitative, using the Content Analysis technique. The results present a verified manner in which to learn written scientific language, seen mainly as instrumental, and suggest its latent potential to constitute as a fundamental element of appropriation of scientific work, which had yet to be developed by the majority of the sample studied and observed.
Tradução e adaptação do Verbal Behavior Milestones Assessment and Placement Program (VB-MAPP) para a língua portuguesa e a efetividade do treino de habiidades comportamentais para qualificar profissionais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-02-06)
Martone, Maria Carolina Correa
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Goyos, Antônio Celso de Noronha
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3407008711535651
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4358052434870706
The Verbal Behavior Milestones Assessment and Placement Program (VB-MAPP) authored by Mark Sundberg provides a systematic assessment for children with autism and similar delays and has become a frequent tool among those who gives consultations in this área. Divided into five components, the VB-MAPP evaluates samples of the child’s verbal repertoire from 170 developmental milestones presented in three levels (0 -18 months, 18-30 months and 30-48). The aim of this study was to translate and adapt the VB-MAPP to the Portuguese language and propose a way to qualify professionals to implement it properly. Study 1 translated and adapted to Portuguese Chapters 1 to 6 and the corresponding protocol scoring form. Study 2 tested the effect of a Behavioral Skill Training to improve the performance of the professionals in conducting the VB-MAPP. Items from a list of skills were used to measure the performance of each participant in specific tasks (Level 1, 2 and 3) of this assessment tool. The study consisted of three phases: pretest, training and posttest. Ten participants were divided into two groups: control and experimental. Both groups performed the pretest and posttest, but the training was only mandatory for the experimental group. In the pretest phase all participants received the Portuguese version of The VBMAPP and had to assess one child each. Training phase was composed of a BST package (instruction, modeling, reharsal and feedback). Only Level 1 and 2 tasks were taught. Both groups repeated the assessment in the posttest phase, however, the experimental group had an additional task: implementing the Level 3 tasks of the VB -MAPP. Still in the posttest phase, two participants (P3 and P6), presenting lower overall performances than the other participants of the experimental group, were selected for five additional posttest sessions. The results showed that all participants in the experimental group developed skills to implement The VB-MAPP regarding Level 1 and 2 tasks. About the performance of the experimental group in Level 3 tasks, it was possible to say that generalization occurred for some, but not all behaviors. The results were higher than the pretests, but lower when compared to the Level 1 and 2 tasks. Among the factors that may have contributed to this partial result we highlight: (1) Level 3 tasks are more complex than the Levels 1 and 2 and may require evaluators with more experience (2) only some milestones were selected for Level 3 testing and not all of them. As for participants P3 and P6, after a total of six posttest viii sessions, they maintained the percentage of correct answers higher than 90% for Level 1 and 2 tasks and 85% for Level 3 tasks.
Curso de formação docente para a educação on-line da Secretaria Geral de Educação a Distância : saberes sobre a deficiência visual
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-02-06)
Bengtson, Clarissa Galvão
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Monteiro, Maria Iolanda
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4189205834370563
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7642935660070010
The teacher is always in a process of learning. It’s not possible to delimit the beginning or the end of his/her education. Thus, training processes subsequent to the initial education are essential so that the teacher (from childhood education to higher education) can be involved in a network of new knowledge. Through personal experiences, we realized the importance of the process of accessible materials’ adaptation, in other words, we were involved with the accessibility area in Education, specifically in Distance Education. Therefore, this work was developed based on three axes: teacher Education, Accessibility and Distance Education. The methodology we had chosen for this research is the qualitative case study; so, we chose to apply a questionnaire in the Formação Docente para Educação On-line course from Universidade Federal de São Carlos Distance Education Secretary (SEaD-UFSCar) with the purpose to investigate how the knowledge about accessibility is constructed in a Continued Teacher Education course. Furthermore, 1) to know the profile of the teachers who attended the course; 2) to evaluate how was the teachers’ participation in the module related to accessibility in the Formação Docente para Educação Online course (SEaD-UFSCar); 3) to point out which initial knowledge the teachers need to have in order to work in the inclusion of visually impaired students in Distance Learning courses; 4) to contribute to the next editions of the Teacher Training Course. As a result, we identified some predominant issues concerning teacher education focused on the teaching of visually impaired individuals in Distance Education: 1) we have observed the importance of Continued Education courses which deal with the inclusion of people with disability; 2) we have identified the necessity of having public policies which stimulate and ensure that people with disabilities have access to Education; and 3) through the course we have analyzed, we could verify a lack related to the accessibility area in the schedules of initial education and post-graduate courses, which shows that many times these deficits reflect in the teaching-learning process of visually impaired people. Therefore, it emphasizes the necessity of continued education courses that cover the topic; 4) Finally, we have detected the lack of researches that investigate the topics discussed here, which reinforces the exclusion of the theme and, consequently, the visually impaired people exclusion.
Ciclo de vida e dinâmica populacional de espécies nativas de Copepoda Cyclopoida em cultivos de laboratório
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-02-06)
Duarte, Matheus Almeida
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Rocha, Odete
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7577441794992601
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8272378304216399
The present knowledge on the distribution and diversity of small cyclopoid copepods is rather incomplete, especially in tropical regions. Also scarce is information regarding the individual development and population growth for most species already described. Taking into account the environmental changes caused by anthropogenic activities in natural environments, and in particular the accelerated degradation of aquatic ecosystems besides climatic global changes, one of the main concerns is the possibility that many species can be extinct even before being known by mankind. Considering this scenario and because some species at risk are endemic to the Neotropical region, the present study aimed to gather information regarding the life cycle and population dynamics of three small freshwater cyclopoids: Ectocyclops herbsti, Eucyclops ensifer and Microcyclops anceps whose life cycles were not studied before. Sampling of specimens were respectively carried out at three different localities: Mayaca Lake (São Carlos, SP), Corrego da Igualdade (São Manoel, SP) and a pond in Miranda River floodplain, Pantanal matogrossense (Corumba, MS). Ovigerous females of each species were sorted out and maintained in the laboratory at constant and controlled conditions: 25 °C temperature, 12/12 h photoperiod in a growth chamber until the egg eclosion. Newly born nauplii were used for life cycle experiments under the same controlled conditions just described and daily fed with algal suspension of Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata at approximately 105 cells mL-1, in order to assess the main parameters of the three copepods life cycle and population dynamics. Mean embryonic development duration for Ectocyclops herbsti was 1.81 ± 0.53 days and 18 ± 0.7 days for the post embryonic development. Mean longevity of E. herbsti under the culture conditions was 50.43 ± 20.73 days. Eucylops ensifer had mean duration of embryonic development of 1.03±0.24 days, post-embryonic duration of 13.5±2.5 days and mean longevity of 48.5 ± 26.5 days. For Microcyclops anceps the mean embryonic and post-embryonic development times were 1.07 ± 0.12 and12 ± 2.5 days, respectively. The mean longevity of M. anceps was 30 ± 15 days. The survival curves of species laboratory first generations followed the concave type with great mortality in the beginning of life, relatively stable mortality rates after surpassing the critical transition of last nauplii instar into first copepodid stage, but with higher mortality rates close to the end of life. Comparisons of life cycle parameters from these species and also among these and other copepods show that the species studied have short generation times and high individual growth rates, thus suggesting they could play relevant roles in the community and in the functioning of the ecosystem they inhabit.
CACS-FUNDEB : território de subjetividade e de possibilidades de práticas democráticas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-02-06)
Batista, José Ricardo
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Silva, Flávio Caetano da
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7889803676083470
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7671024971334446
In this work the object is the discourses articulated by members of the CACS-FUNDEB (Council for Social Monitoring and Control) of cities in the interior of the State of São Paulo during the years 2015 and 2016. The aim of this research was to analyze the discursive relationship within CACS-FUNDEB in order to understand the process of subjectivation, the counselor's perception of himself and how practices are articulated with knowledge and power in the constitution of subjects. In bringing CACS-FUNDEB to the center of this research, it was based on the idea that finance is a dimension of democratic management, but that it could not be limited to surveillance and monitoring the application of resources because of the ideal surrounding creation from education fund. The study points in the direction that the collegiate is inserted in the conception of democratic management as important space of social participation, but that still needs to conquer its autonomy and effectiveness. In the relation the subject produces knowledge and powers that can affirm the scheme of domination, legitimizing such practice, but also can resist. The theoreticalmethodological procedure is based on bibliographical research and discussion of the speeches permeated by the French Discourse Analysis, with a theoretical foundation in Michel Foucault that brings a study about the parresía allowing to understand the importance of truth as a form of resistance. Against this backdrop, the CACS-FUNDEB is inserted as a space for practicability, exercising the freedom to speak the truth as a form of resistance, as an instrument of institutional and financial decentralization, attributing to society and the state a posture from a responsible management perspective. There is an intimate relationship with the notion of the care of the public welfare because the individual is part of this "common" that demands a change of individual behavior, to live righteously, to speak frankly and to act according to this discourse.
Representação multiparadigma de conhecimento musical utilizando programação lógica indutiva
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-02-06)
Gonçalves Junior, Clenio Batista
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Homem, Murillo Rodrigo Petrucelli
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4099700446922080
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7077081155911183
Knowledge representation process is an essential matter regarding Computer Music systems. Methods have been applied in order to provide computers with the capability to generate conclusions based on experience in specialized domains. Inductive Logic Programming is a research field which combines concepts of Logic Programming and Machine Learning. Due to its declarative feature, both acquired and produced knowledge can be presented to not-expert users in a naturally understandable way. This work deals with Music Knowledge Representation from the perspective of multi- paradigm programming, using Inductive Logic Programming technique and including the development of the knowledge-based music system Fraseado. Finally, a method for the evaluation of algorithmic composition systems - the Expanded Turing Test - is presented.
Política e organização pedagógica do serviço de atendimento educacional especializado em Manaus
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-02-07)
Silva Junior, Samuel Vinente da
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Galvani, Márcia Duarte
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6866106661255961
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9897424792722413
Brazilian educational legislation has advanced in the sense of offering access to education to groups that were once excluded from school spaces. At the same time, the contemporary school is still structured to serve students with disabilities in education systems. Thus, the present study aimed to analyze the municipal policy of Special Education and the offered services to students that are Target Audience of Special Education (TASE) in the municipality of Manaus. This study has a descriptive-analytical delineation, of a qualitative approach, in which four teachers from the municipal public education system and a representative of the Special Education Management participated. The data were collected through semi-structured interview scripts and a Protocol for Documentary Analysis of Public Policies in Special Education. It was consulted data from the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE), the National Institute of Studies and Educational Research Anísio Teixeira (Inep) and the Municipal Secretariat of Education (Semed). The collected data in the interviews were analyzed by means of elaboration of categories, counting on the appreciation of three judges to guarantee the reliability of the analysis performed. In the process of categorization of the deriving data from the documentary analysis, aspects were listed on what is prescribed in official documents and what is legitimized in school routine. As results, it has been observed in recent years a boost in the number of TASE students in the municipal school network. It was verified that the referral of these students to multifunctional resource rooms and special classes is carried out by the Special Education Management, through the evaluation of a multidisciplinary staff of the Municipal Complex of Special Education. Participants indicated that there is a proposal for insertion of goals and strategies for the Specialized Educational Assistance (SEA) in political-pedagogical projects and that make curricular adaptations. The results point to a restructuring of the Special Education policy in the sense of presenting guidelines for the enrollment of these students, for the proposal of specialized services, as well as goals and strategies through the Municipal Education Plan. However, the question of the training of teachers who work with these students, the adequacy of spaces for SEA and the structuring of decent conditions for pedagogical work are presented as challenges to be overcome for the effectiveness of the proposal for school inclusion. It was verified a proposition for continuous training and implementation of multifunctional resource rooms for the expansion of SEA’s offer. Thus, the data showed the importance of the participation of the family, teachers, managers and other professionals of the school to the effectiveness of the school inclusion process. It is expected that, with this study, we can propose a re-dimensioning and evaluation of educational policies to promote the answers to the needs of the TASE students enrolled in the municipal public education network.
Relação do capital cultural e da competência em informação para o acesso às redes sociais sobre informação científica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-02-07)
Coelho, Vânia Lúcia
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Silva, Márcia Regina da
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5381461208053330
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5841215643425545
The internet is recognized as one of the main sources of information for its users. It is also known that in this virtual world, millions of people daily access social networks like Facebook. Given this situation, it is proposed to reflect on the potential of social networks, specifically Facebook pages, as reliable sources of scientific information. The aim is to analyze processes, social and informational, which would be intrinsically involved in the relevant access to these spaces, using for this purpose, the concepts such as information literacy, cultural capital and social capital. Also seeks to promote a descriptive and exploratory analysis of the page "Science Today" and, from it and the work of Tomaél, Alcará and Silva (2008), define a set of criteria to evaluate the quality of a Facebook page as a source of scientific information. Finally, through questionnaire analysis sent to fans of the page in question, try to reflect on the influence of the level of education of users access to pages with scientific themes on Facebook. The results aim to support the hypothesis that, in the context of the scientific nature of pages that meet the criteria of reliability, on Facebook, access is mainly for users of higher levels of education, relating the level of education to the concepts of cultural capital and informational literacy. It is concluded that concepts such as information competence and cultural capital, acquired by the subjects, are determinant in the effective use of social networks as reliable sources of dissemination of scientific information.
Filtragem de sinograma tomográfico afetado por ruído Poisson utilizando wavelets anisotrópicas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-02-07)
Pinheiro, Arthur Melo
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Mascarenhas, Nelson Delfino d'Ávila
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0557976975338451
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3281259603307878
The diagnostic imaging by computed tomography has become popular in recent decades. As the image acquisition method is effected by exposing the human body to X-ray dose (ionizing radiation), the frequent realization of diagnoses results in the accumulation of radiation, and may be a significant factor in the emergence of cancer diseases. This problem has motivated researchers to develop methods to reduce the dose of X-rays so that the image quality can be maintained. A common methodology involves applying algorithms for filtering noisy tomographic images that can be acquired under low dose of X-rays. This process may occur in the reconstructed image domain or tomographic projections domain. This work proposes a methodology for applying filtering Poisson noise present in tomographic sinogram, which uses the main anisotropic wavelets studied by the scientific community, which are: Curvelet, Contourlet, Shearlet. These wavelets apply the concept of multiscale and multidirectional analysis in a multidimensional signal, and may be advantageous in two-dimensional analysis of sinogram, preserving better image details in a noise reduction process compared to orthogonal wavelets.
Modelo de regressão para dados binários com mistura de funções de ligação
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-02-08)
Eugenio, Nicholas Wagner
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Campos, Adriano Polpo de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4867996651212204
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8301883410598488
A regression model for binary data with mixture of four link functions (logit, probit, complementary log log and Stukel) is shown and these functions are particular cases of the model. The frequentist estimation procedure is exposed and, by simulation studies, it is notable that, comparing with other models, the link function proposed presents a better performance in proportions’ estimations, while for predctions they are all equal. Its flexibility in being both a symmetric or an assymmetric link function is corroborated on the real data analisys results, as the simulations. Furthermore, it is shown a case where the mixture associates total weight for a link function because it is no possible to improve the results by mixing other functions.
O modelo padrão no ensino médio: um tratamento elementar
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-02-08)
Gomes, Roberto Rodrigues
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Campos, Sérgio Dias
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5443100596356812
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3630448872155453
Due to the importance of the teaching of Modern and Contemporary Physics (MCP) in basic education, especially in high school, and the technologies developed as of the end of the 19th century, as well as their applications, in this dissertation we contribute with the study of an important area of MCP: The Standard Model. For better understanding of this topic, we have adopted various methods, like ludic game, practical activity, technical visits (physical and virtual), and videos, among others. We want to achieve with these methodologies the understanding of the characteristics of the constituent elementary particles of matter, of the forces of interaction, the need for the construction of particle accelerators and the technologies involved in their construction that, directly or indirectly, contribute to society-oriented technologies in different areas of knowledge, such as: communications, medical, food, security, among others. Initially, we made a historical recurrence on the constitution of matter, beginning with Democritus and Aristotle's thoughts, until we get to the beginning of the 19th century of our era. Sequentially, we approach the atomic models of Dalton, Thomson, Rutherford, Bohr and Sommerfeld. We finish the theoretical part of this dissertation with a chapter on the Standard Model, which is our priority. In it we describe the Standard Model theories, technologies and the impacts MCP has on countries' economies. For the development of this dissertation, we adopted the theoretical reference championed by David Ausubel, which considers that the spontaneous knowledge of the student is the most important content that he brings to the classroom.
O estatuto do corpo na psicanálise de Lacan : da construção do imaginário à formalização do objeto α
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-02-08)
Nogueira, Francisco Ronald Capoulade
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Le Poulichet, Sylvie
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Simanke, Richard Theisen
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5431145327759147
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5102253749813062
Cette recherche vise à investiguer le statut du corps dans la psychanalyse de Lacan à partir des trois termes directifs qui constituent la réalité dans sa théorie, à savoir, l'imaginaire, le symbolique et le réel. La conférence sur Le stade du miroir (1936) et la publication du texte La famille (1938) marquent le début de la construction du registre de l'imaginaire dans la théorie de Lacan. Ce mouvement se poursuit jusqu'à la fin de 1940. Au cours de cette période, Lacan cherche à établir les fondements de sa théorie vers une critique de l'organicisme psychiatrique de son temps, au même temps qu'il s'empare d'une psychologie concrète pour penser la constitution du moi. Le concept de imago émerge donc comme un élément clé en ce moment. On peut aussi voir une dichotomie entre la nature et la culture, qui a comme principale conséquence une conception dans laquelle le corps apparaît comme fragile, précaire. À partir de la conférence intitulée Le mythe individuel du névrosé (1953), on observe un changement dans la pensée de Lacan – moment connu comme la constitution du registre du symbolique. De nouveaux éléments découlant de l'anthropologie de Lévi-Strauss et de la linguistique de Saussure, font partie désormais de la psychanalyse qu'il a engendré. L'inconscient, relu des nouvelles influences, est mis en évidence dans la fameuse invitation à “retour à Freud”. L'élément fondamental devient le signifiant et les conséquences de cela, à réfléchir sur le corps, il semble ne pas être si loin de la compréhension précédente. Le corps est encore vu dans une polarisation entre la nature et la culture, cependant, sa précarité n'est plus en jeu, mais sa possibilité d'être un soutien pour la lettre. Dans le point central de cette recherche, moment de production qui va des années 1959 à 1964, à savoir les seminaires L'éthique de la psychanalyse (1959-1960), Le transfert (1960-1961), L'identification (1961-1962 ), L'Angoisse (1962-1963) et Les quatre concepts fondamentaux de la psychanalyse (1964), on identifie un autre changement dans sa pensée. Lacan cherche à présenter le registre du réel d'une manière plus profonde. Et pas seulement cela, mais aussi de l'articuler aux deux autres registres. Cela devient évident dans le processus de formalisation du concept de l'objet a - qui commence dans le séminaire VII avec la notion de das Ding et va jusqu'au séminaire XI avec la notion d'objet cause du désir, objet de la pulsion. Ce concept nous permet une compréhension du statut du corps distincte de celle observée précédemment. Le corps, maintenant, n'est pas seulement de soutien de la lettre, mais aussi la possibilité de la lettre, c'est-à-dire, le signifiant est fait du même matériau au fur et à mesure que le concept de réel se rapproche de la notion de corps. L'articulation entre les trois registres est la principale clé que nous possédons pour comprendre le statut du corps dans la première moitié des années 1960.
A (não) realização dos pronomes pessoais sujeito em produções em espanhol de graduandos brasileiros
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-02-09)
Rosa, Jéssica Rodrigues
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Yokota, Rosa
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9230517686993400
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0592749233626484
El portugués brasileño es una lengua conocida y caracterizada por el pronombre personal sujeto pleno. El español presenta ‘asimetría inversa’ a nuestra lengua, o sea, según González (2008), mientras, en la evolución lingüística del portugués brasileño, hay la tendencia a utilizarse mucho el pronombre personal sujeto y poco el átono, en español ocurre lo contrario, pues hay la realización obligatoria de los pronombres clíticos y la elisión del sujeto en gran parte de los contextos. De esa manera, en español se recomienda el uso de los pronombres personales sujetos sólo en los siguientes casos: 1) para evitar ambigüedad; 2) para realizar contraste entre sujetos; 3) para evitar repetición del mismo verbo; 4) para dar énfasis. Sin embargo, debido a las semejanzas entre las dos lenguas, es muy común que ambas sean comparadas y se tenga la hipótesis de que un brasileño tendría mucha facilidad de aprender el español y que, durante el aprendizaje, transfiera muchas de las estructuras de la lengua materna para la lengua meta. Un aprendiente brasileño de la lengua española tendría la tendencia a utilizar mucho los pronombres personales sujeto al intentar expresarse en lengua española, por influencia de su lengua materna. Teniendo en cuenta tales hipótesis y los estudios comparados, pretendíamos, por medio de esta pesquisa, investigar como estudiantes brasileños utilizan los pronombres personales sujeto en producciones escritas en español, así como comprobar la hipótesis de que habría el uso excesivo de los pronombres personales sujeto en producción escrita de estudiantes brasileños de español. Para alcanzar tales objetivos, analizamos producciones escritas de aprendientes adultos de un curso de Profesorado en Letras – Portugués/Español.
O PROFMAT e as relações distintivas no campo da matemática
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-02-10)
Farias, José Vilani de
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Vilela, Denise Silva
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8155152145332951
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3915260629619142
Several national and international studies have addressed the teacher training model in the past decades. A large number of educators, including mathematics teachers, have focused on the theme of mathematics teacher training in Basic Education seeking to discuss, among other topics, the necessary knowledge for teaching practice. In this context, changes in the Brazilian legislation and the institutional support of the government were also observed - factors that fostered teacher training courses with the aim of improving education in the country. The Professional Master's Degree Course in Mathematics (Profmat) is among these initiatives. The Profmat came into force in 2011, having in-service Basic Education mathematics teachers as their target audience. The choice of Profmat as the object of this study is justified because of its size and scope: the number of students enrolled and trained; the number of participating institutions; the Program investment, which exceeds that of other professional master‘s degree courses, including the granting of scholarships. This choice is also justified because Profmat was designed and implemented, and is administered by the Brazilian Mathematical Society (SBM) and the National Institute of Pure and Applied Mathematics (Impa), that is, by professional mathematicians who do not develop research addressing teacher training and do not establish interlocution with researchers in this area. The following questions are posed with reference to studies on teacher training: If the scope of this Program is justified by the need and importance to enhance the ability of teachers in favor of Basic Education, how to justify it if the emphasis of this professional course is in mathematics education aiming more comprehensive knowledge on specific contents and with few disciplines focused on the discussion of educational problems? How to justify the fact that a program with this characteristic - not attending the demands of in-service teachers - become a model for other programs in other areas, such as Physics, Languages, History, etc.? To this end, the theory of Pierre Bourdieu with the concepts of habitus, field, and capital was used. The sociological investigation, based on the notion of mathematics field, allowed the understanding of Profmat as a strategy to value a way of seeing and doing specific mathematics that, owing to its distance from the teaching practice, does not contemplate the specificities and does not meet the needs of teacher practice.
Eefeitos de posicionamentos em “tilt” e “recline” na distribuição da pressão no assento de pessoas com tetraplegia
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-02-10)
Gradim, Luma Carolina Câmara
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Cruz, Daniel Marinho Cezar da
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7350460642976728
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6753297003669861
The development of pressure ulcers (PU) in people with spinal cord injury (SCI) is a relevant factor and directly affects the health. Several preventive methods in a wheelchair have been researched for pressure relief, health promotion and disease prevention, such as PU. Some methods such as seating positioning system, different cushions and variable positions as tilt and recline seating systems, are most commonly used to relieve the pressure, and have been studied and achieved significant results for people with SCI in wheelchair. This study aims, thus, to evaluate the pressure redistribution buttock interface / cushion in areas susceptible to UP (sacrum, ischia) for the positions of tilt and recline in the wheelchair, in people with tetraplegia by spinal cord injury. In order to proceed to the research, we analyzed five people of both sexes with tetraplegia by LM, between 18 and 60 years. Was used a characterization form, a wheelchair simulator, ROHO ®High Profile Quadtro Select ™ cushion, a pressure mapping system, adaptations to the simulator and a questionnaire of satisfaction with the use of tilt and recline systems. As results, the pressure relief in the buttocks was better in higher angles, such as 10 ° tilt with 120 ° of recline, 20 ° tilt with 120 ° of recline and 30° tilt with 120° recline. But, even the smaller angulation positions resulted in pressure relief. Therefore, our results indicate that a greater angle of tilt and recline is needed to improve pressure redistribution compared to smaller angles. A position of 30° tilt combined with 120° recline is effective in relieving pressure on the ischial tuberosities and the buttocks.
As práticas de intervenção precoce no estado de São Paulo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-02-10)
Marini, Bruna Pereira Ricci
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Della Barba, Patrícia Carla de Souza
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6448489426438006
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2001819857612181
Early Intervention is constituted as an important tool for prevention, identification and intervention in conditions that offer risks to child development. Since the emergence of the first programs dating back to the 1960s, there were a number of conceptual and theoretical developments which culminated in the recognition of the systemic, ecological and family-centered model, as it produces better effects. In Brazil, the Early Intervention practices appear to develop highly focused on the needs of children, prioritizing interventions guided in their problems and developed from a rehabilitative model. It also observes that, despite the relevance of the theme, the scientific literature is scarce, which points to the need for further investigation. In this context, this study aimed to identify the practices developed by the Early Intervention services for children from zero to five years, in the state of São Paulo. This is a cross-sectional, descriptive and exploratory study with a qualitative approach. Participants were selected through non-probability sampling for convenience, in the case of professional staff working in services for children between zero and five years, located in the area covered by the Programa São Paulo pela Primeiríssima Infância. The study was developed in two stages, the first identification and characterization of early intervention services and the second identification of early intervention practices developed for services previously selected from the first stage. Data were collected through questionnaires (first stage) and interview (second stage). For the analysis of data from the questionnaires was used the methodology of descriptive statistics and analysis of the interviews content analysis methodology, the thematic analysis mode. The results of this study corroborate with the descriptions in the national scientific literature showing that Early Intervention practices remain being developed within the rehabilitation model, geared to the deficits presented by the children. In this context, the participation of families in the services proved to be limited because of the hegemonic role played by professionals in relation to the intervention process. It also revealed the existence of differences between the recommended practices in the child care networks and those that, in fact, are developed by the services. Regarding the existence of practices implemented in the natural context of the child, the results showed that these have been limited to observations and guidelines. Finally, the study identified a number of gaps in the process of training and continuing education of professionals that working in Early Intervention, a factor that can directly impact on the quality and the implemented practice model. From these results, the possibilities and challenges for the approximation between current practices and those recommended internationally are discussed, based on IP literature and national child care policies.
Uso da técnica laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) para análise direta de ligas metálicas: estratégias de normalização, calibração univariada e multivariada e modelos de classificação
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-02-10)
Castro, Jeyne Pricylla de
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Pereira Filho, Edenir Rodrigues
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3394181280355442
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6327313723314696
This academic master's dissertation was devoted to the development of analytical methods for the determination of Al, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Mo, Ni, Ti, V and Zn in alloys and steels. The main purpose of the study was to present the Laser-induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) as a viable alternative for the direct analysis of alloys and steels using chemometric tools to interpret the obtained data. Initially, the optimization of the parameters of the LIBS equipment was done using Doehlert design, varying the laser energy in 7 levels (30 to 80 mJ), delay time in 5 levels (0 to 2 μs) and spot size in 3 levels (50 to 150 μm). The chosen compromise condition was 60 mJ of energy, 0.9 μs of delay time and 100 μm of spot size, which were applied to 80 samples. The reference values of the analytes were obtained using the X-ray Fluorescence (XRF) technique for the construction of calibration models.To minimize signal variations and sample matrix differences, twelve normalization modes were tested and two calibration strategies were studied: multivariate calibration using Partial Least Squares (PLS) and univariate calibration using area and height of several emission lines. Thus, we search to identify the best mode of normalization, emission line and calibration strategy for each analyte. For most analytes, there was no significant difference between the normalization modes and also between the univariate and multivariate calibration. Classification models were applied to identify the samples in 3 different groups. K-nearest neighbor (KNN), Soft independent modeling of class analogy (SIMCA) and Partial-least squares-discriminant analysis PLS-DA were used in 3 different matrices: concentrations obtained using XRF, height and area of the LIBS emission lines (total of 57 emission lines). When comparing the models, some merit figures were evaluated, such as accuracy, sensitivity, false alarm rate and specificity. The classification model that obtained the best results was KNN. As a conclusion of the work, factorial design was useful to obtain an adequate analysis condition for all analytes and samples simultaneously, saving time and resources. Normalization modes were effective to minimize signal variations and differences in sample matrices. Univariate models were more satisfactory than multivariate models. In the case of classification models, it was possible to identify the samples, being the KNN model more efficient than the others.
Refusão superficial a laser da liga com memória de forma Cu-11,8Al-3,2Ni-3Mn (% Peso)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-02-10)
Silva, Murillo Romero da
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Gargarella, Piter
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4641435644243916
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Bolfarini, Claudemiro
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9231627080617037
Shape memory alloys (SMA) are alloys that undergo martensitic transformation due to an external solicitation (temperature, stress, strain or magnetic field) and are capable of recovering permanent deformation when heated above a critical temperature. The most used shape memory alloys are Ti-Ni- and Cu-based. Cu-based SMA have some advantages due to better thermal and electrical conductivity, lower production cost and are easier to process. The main disadvantage of Cu-based SMA is its low ductility. This property is improved by decreasing the grain size and by a reduction of microstructural heterogeneities. This can be achieved at the surface of structural components after LASER remelting, through which the surface of the material is remelted by a LASER beam and solidifies under extremely high cooling rates. In this context, the aim of the present work is to investigate the influence of LASER surface remelting in the microstructure, thermal stability and mechanical properties of Cu-11.8Al-3.2Ni-3Mn (wt. %) SMA plates obtained by suction casting. The samples were characterized by optical and scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, electron backscatter diffraction, X-ray computed tomography, X-ray diffraction, differential scanning calorimetry as well as by tensile and microhardness tests. The results show that small shifts in the transformation temperatures occur due to the LASER treatment. It was observed that only the monoclinic β’1 martensitic phase formed in the as cast and LASER treated samples. The LASER treatment provided an improvement in mechanical properties with an increase of up to 162 MPa in fracture stress, up to 2.2% in fracture strain and up to 21 HV in microhardness when compared with the as-cast sample. This makes the surface remelting treatment a promising method for improving the mechanical properties of Cu-based SMA.