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SOM4SImD : um método semântico baseado em ontologia para detectar similaridade entre documentos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-02-13)
Arruda, Claudineia Gonçalves de
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Santos, Marilde Terezinha Prado
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9826026025118073
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4679260513752472
In several research areas, interviews are a means of obtaining data widely used by researchers. These interviews are arranged, in most cases, in several documents and have an informal language, because they are conversations between several people at the same time. Analyzing such documents is an arduous and time-consuming task, bringing fatigue and difficulties to a correct analysis. One solution for analyzing this type of interview is to group documents according to the similarity between them, so that experts can analyze documents of similar subjects more quickly. In this way, this work presents the method SOM4SImD, created to detect the semantic similarity between the documents composed by interviews with an informal language written in Brazilian Portuguese. In order to create this method, an ontology of the same document domain was used, which allowed the use of the formal terms of the ontology, along with its synonyms and variants, to perform the semantic annotation in the documents and to calculate the similarity between the interview pairs. Through the created method, a SimIGroup approach was developed that assists the researchers in the qualitative analysis of the documents, using Coding technique. The results show that the SOM4SImD method and the SimIGroup approach reduce the difficulties and fatigue in the analysis of the documents made by the annotators, helping to increase the number of documents analyzed. In addition, the SOM4SImD method was more advantageous in obtaining similarity between documents than the others found in the literature, reaching significant values for the performance measures, with 0.96 accuracy, 0.93 of recall and 0.94 of F-Mensure.
SparkBLAST : utilização da ferramenta Apache Spark para a execução do BLAST em ambiente distribuído e escalável
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-02-13)
Castro, Marcelo Rodrigo de
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Senger, Hermes
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3691742159298316
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8688712033943534
With the evolution of next generation sequencing devices, the cost for obtaining genomic data has significantly reduced. With reduced costs for sequencing, the amount of genomic data to be processed has increased exponentially. Such data growth supersedes the rate at which computing power can be increased year after year by the hardware and software evolution. Thus, the higher rate of data growth in bioinformatics raises the need for exploiting more efficient and scalable techniques based on parallel and distributed processing, including platforms like Clusters, and Cloud Computing. BLAST is a widely used tool for genomic sequences alignment, which has native support for multicore-based parallel processing. However, its scalability is limited to a single machine. On the other hand, Cloud computing has emerged as an important technology for supporting rapid and elastic provisioning of large amounts of resources. Current frameworks like Apache Hadoop and Apache Spark provide support for the execution of distributed applications. Such environments provide mechanisms for embedding external applications in order to compose large distributed jobs which can be executed on clusters and cloud platforms. In this work, we used Spark to support the high scalable and efficient parallelization of BLAST (Basic Local Alingment Search Tool) to execute on dozens to hundreds of processing cores on a cloud platform. As result, our prototype has demonstrated better performance and scalability then CloudBLAST, a Hadoop based parallelization of BLAST.
Ensino itinerante na educação infantil : investigando as práticas docentes
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-02-13)
Anunciação, Lívia Maria Ribeiro Leme
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Denari, Fátima Elisabeth
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5575213011914394
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0709258031384024
The general objective of the research was to investigate with teachers who work in itinerant teaching as teaching practices are given in relation to children with Down syndrome. The specific objectives proposed were: (i) to identify the relationship between itinerant teacher of Infant Education and student with Down Syndrome in Infant Education as well as educational-pedagogical practices in the promotion of itinerant teaching in this stage of basic education, (ii) Itinerant teaching occurs in Early Childhood Education, and (iii) describe how educational practices occur in the school context. The research was set up in an exploratory and descriptive case study that was carried out in a medium-sized city in the interior of the state of São Paulo, in the Municipal Education Network in the first stage of basic education, Early Childhood Education. Five special education teachers working in itinerant teaching in pre-primary schools participated in the study, as well as five students with Down syndrome enrolled in Early Childhood Education. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews conducted individually. After the interview stage the teachers' teaching practice with children with Down syndrome were observed and recorded in a field diary. The results indicate that roaming is a service of Special Education, occurs in Early Childhood Education to assist inclusive educational processes, the itinerant teacher evaluates the student. Teachers attend two to three schools per week. Only one teacher indicated no negatives in the roaming service. The others point out that the number of schools attended and the lack of links with the school unit are difficulties encountered in establishing itinerant teaching. The service has a characteristic work with the teacher of regular education, however there are obstacles in this process, such as lack of regular teacher education about the deficiencies and lack of previous contact with the teacher of regular education for planning. The itinerant teaching occurs in activities together with the teacher of the regular education when providing pedagogic support, nevertheless exist practices and opportunities by the individualized teaching. Professor of itinerant teaching not only serves children with disabilities, but according to demand, also serves children with behavioral disorders and special educational needs. Another obstacle encountered is the lack of material resources for adaptation activities and available own funds to purchase materials. The roaming service consists of relating / adapting the pedagogical practices with the teacher of regular education, contact with the family, direct action with the student and referral to the community. In the observations, it was possible to observe constant mediation of the itinerant teacher in the pedagogical practices, unrelated to the regular teaching teacher. The absence of the students in the school was an obstacle to the accomplishment of all the stages of the observation. It was verified that recurrent health problems result in absence of the school environment in Early Childhood Education.
Gestão de projetos em um centro de pesquisa : diagnóstico e implantação de práticas para a agilidade
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-02-13)
Piccirillo, Isabela Neto
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Silva, Sérgio Luis da
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4164265591178698
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1071661505455945
Research centers are important for technologies development whose results could be innovative products. One of the difficulties that have arisen is in developing research projects with different professors in a multidisciplinary environment. Many authors have written about the importance project management skills, techniques and practices in research centers, but few show their applications and impacts. An action research was conducted to verify and select the root causes related to the challenges of project management in an international research center (Center for Research, Technology and Education in Vitreous Materials) through the Current Reality Tree. One of the main root causes found was about the lack of knowledge in project management methodology to elaborating multidisciplinary projects involving the transformation of a technology studied in an innovative product. Therefore, workshops were held to apply the Technology Roadmapping (TRM) and the product vision in a project that develops and intends to transform an innovative technology into a product. In addition, the Kanban approach was introduced for planning its main activities. The results from these applications of action research as well as the researchers' perception are discussed in detail.
The Crow (1994): James O'Barr revisto por Alex Proyas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-02-13)
Fiori, Fernando Martins
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Monzani, Josette Maria Alves de Souza
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0505156751073470
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6860194232839227
This work investigates the process of creation and transposition between two artistic works, presenting the dialogue between the language of comics and cinema. The main corpus consists of the grahic novel, The Crow (1988), conceived by James O'Barr, and its transposition for the cinema, in 1994, under the direction of Alex Proyas. It will be approached ancient myths and other representations, such as the poem, The Raven, by Edgar Allan Poe, that involve the symbolism of crow in different languages. Somehow, they interfere and are relevant for the chosen corpus. The methodology consists, mainly, of the books Gesto Inacabado (1998) by Cecilia Almeida Salles and Intersemiotic Translation (2013) by Júlio Plaza.
Simulação computacional em escala microestrutural de compósitos cerâmicos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-02-13)
Luchini, Bruno
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Pandolfelli, Victor Carlos
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7369376873984839
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Canto, Rodrigo Bresciani
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1316268411830615
The study of ceramic composites assisted by computer simulation is well spread nowadays. It is an interest of the ceramic industry the development of materials models trustfully enough to reduce cost with prototypes and virtually explore an infinitude of materials compositions and thermomechanical loads. The mismatch of thermal and mechanical properties among the composite’s phases may induce decohesions or cracks after temperature variation. The computer modeling of this behavior could auxiliate the planning of the systems’ composition, as it becomes possible to evaluate the influence of the concentration of an specific constituent on the global behavior. The present dissertation aims to analyze the role of the geometrical feature, such as inclusion radius and volume fraction, in the composite behavior submitted to temperature variation. It was also analyzed the application of coesive elements to simulate the cracking phenomena in ceramic systems. The main results of this dissertation were not only the thermomechanical properties influence on the global behavior of ceramic systems, but also the construction of finite element models that might be usefull to others reseachers on the investigation of the thermomechancial behavior of distincts ceramic systems.
Conflitos, violências escolares e reconhecimento social : concepções de educandos e educadores
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-02-13)
Gomes, Ronaldo Martins
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Luiz, Maria Cecília
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7425361719028650
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0047194253283912
This research approached theoretical references such as the theory of social recognition; the theory of social conflict; conflict theory and sociology of experience in order to answer the research questions: what are the contributions of these theories when we deal with conflicts in society in general and in the public school in particular? How do conflicts and violence take place in school spaces? How do educators and learners understand and coexist with conflicts and violence? An empirical part was carried out in two public schools of two cities of the interior of São Paulo. The objectives of the research were: to understand the conflicts and conflicts or violence from the perspective of the aforementioned theories and to analyze these theoretical references with the understanding about conflicts and violence, regarding educators (teachers and managers) and students and how these situations have been happening in the everyday reality of school. As a methodological procedure, we used focus groups: one with educators (teachers and managers) and the other with older students who were in high school or EJA, performing three meetings in each group. We understand, through the sociological theory of social conflict that relations of a democratic nature as dissent rather than consensus can be distorted by relations of power and political and economic dominance. Also, through the conception of students and educators that the understanding of violence was differentiated, and this harmed the communication and the agreements drawn between the subjects in the school. The sociology of experience has enabled us to understand that the significant social, scientific and technological transformations characteristic of the twentieth century incite divergences and conflict between generations, compromising social relations in the public space, such as the school, which encompasses a great number of differences, potentially becoming a source of conflict. Social conflicts are not a priori situations of violence, but rather, they reveal interests and desires that permeate social relations, and have the potential to be productive for the community if the issues involved are clear.
Influência de diferentes posturas sentadas e nível de controle de tronco no movimento de alcance em lactentes a termo e pré-termo tardios
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-02-13)
Sato, Natália Tiemi da Silva
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Tudella, Eloisa
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3207258034860219
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8437359810199326
Aims: To identify the level of trunk control and to analyse the influence of sitting posture in a ring and seated with flexion at 90º in infants born late preterm infants with corrected age, and at term between 6 and 8 months with the support manual exact of trunk during reaching. Methods: A longitudinal study was performed with 36 full- term infants and 20 infants born preterm infants at 6-8 months of corrected age. The infants were submitted to three evaluations monthly: 1) Segmental Assessment of Trunk Control (SATCo), to identify the exact level of trunk control of infants; 2) assesssment of reaching movement, using kinematics; And 3) Alberta Infant Motor Scale (AIMS) to assess motor control of infants and to ensure the minimum 25th percentile for full-term infants. For the kinematic analysis, the infants were placed on a table in the sitting posture in a ring and seated with flexion at 90º of hip, knee and ankle. All infants during the reaching analysis received the exact and necessary manual support in the trunk according to the control level of each infant evaluated through the SATCo. To elicit reaching, an attractive, malleable or rigid object was presented on the midline, 45 ° to the right and 45 ° to the left of the infant's body. The total time of evaluation in each sitting posture was 2 minutes. It was considered variable full reaching frequency on the right, left and midline, and spatio-temporal variables to the right, left and midline (movement unit, straightness index, deceleration index, duration of movement, mean velocity, velocity peak, and trunk displacement. Results: Late preterm infants with corrected age were found to have lower trunk control compared to full-term infants at all ages evaluated. The level of trunk control presented a progressive and descending (cephalo-caudal) order with increasing age in both groups. The reaching frequency was greater at 6 months in the seated ring posture and at 7 and 8 months in the seated posture with 90 ° flexion in both groups. The sitting posture in a ring and with 90 ° flexion did not influence the kinematic variables, except for the right and midline velocity peak, and the trunk displacement to the right. On the other hand, significant differences between group and time were observed. The preterm group presented a higher number of movement units, lower, straightness index, higher average velocity and peak velocity, and lower trunk displacement in comparison to infants full term. In both groups, the spatio-temporal reaching variables improved over time, that is, older infants (8 months) presented lower number of movement units and higher straightness índex compared to younger infants (6 months). Conclusion: Late preterm infants had lower levels of trunk control compared to full-term infants. The postures seated in a ring and seated with 90 ° flexion did not influence the reaching behavior in the late term and preterm infants, since, the exact and necessary manual support was provided in the trunk of the infants, according to the level of control, evaluated through of SATCo. Thus, when the infant received the necessary manual trunk support, the different sitting postures did not influence the reaching behavior. Finally, preterm infants with corrected age, had less rectilinear, non-fluid and immature reaches compared to full-term infants at all ages evaluated. Reaches have become more mature over time, especially in full- erm infants.
Formação em fisioterapia no Estado de São Paulo : uma análise de cursos públicos à luz das Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-02-14)
Sasaki, Katia Tamae
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Aquilante, Aline Guerra
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5699716799010108
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Machado, Maria Lúcia Teixeira
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5703683100332513
The present study had as objective to analyze how the National Curricular Guidelines (DCN) are contemplated in the Pedagogical Projects of Courses (PPC) of graduation in Physical Therapy of the Public Universities of the State of São Paulo as well as the perception by the coordinators of the courses. It is a research of a qualitative nature, with an interpretive-explanatory purpose. The PPCs of the five courses were analyzed through a documentary collection and, later treated through a documentary analysis according to the analytical categories constructed as a methodological tool of a platform of research from two axes: Curriculum and Professional Profile. The collection also included the semi structured interview with the coordinators of the Physiotherapy courses was composed of questions that elucidated how the assumptions of the DCN present in the PPC applies in the curricular activities. The information collected in the interviews was analyzed according to Content Analysis (CA) in the thematic analysis modality. The Curricular Axis was able to demonstrate that most curricula reflect conservative conceptions, organized by fragmented disciplines as well as didactic activities and traditional learning methodologies; Basically consisting of learning processes based on the transmission of knowledge with a biological focus on health, with a predominance of the reproduction of hegemonic practices of the traditional approach to knowledge, through teacher-centered teaching methodologies, which does not articulate with the profile of the Egress and professional profile present in PPCs. Two PPCs, however, have built strategies throughout their curricular implementation process, advancing the proposals of the DCN, one of which informs that it seeks to articulate the disciplinary educational object for the development of competence, to promote changes in professional practices with models of overcoming the traditions derived from the minimal curricula, in the challenge of constructing an innovative pedagogical project. In the Professional Profile the courses contemplate in their PPC the professional profile advocated by the DCN and some indicate a greater focus for the area of the health care having the SUS as a great scenario and in relation to the Management in Health and Education in Health most of the courses only report these categories in the objectives of the course. The report of the coordinators was fundamental for critical reflection, deepening the analysis of how this formation has been occurring and indicate the current situation of curricula that require reformulation and updates that promote changes in professional practices.
Caracterização da gestão e avaliação de Programas de Qualidade de Vida no Trabalho no setor público : um estudo multicaso em instituições públicas de ensino superior
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-02-14)
Mello, Kemilly Bianca de
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Pedro, Wilson José Alves
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8135701448186851
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8614808357673501
The deployment of programs relative to quality of working life (QWL) in the public sector is increasing, emphasazing the concern with the employees in the professional and personal aspects. This essay recognized the relevance of QWL and its actions in these organizations and analyzed the quality of working life programs (QWLP) in three public universities in the geographic area DRSIII-Araraquara. To achieve this, it was made a multicase study to understand the management of QWL e how QWLP are evaluated. For a better comprehension of the QWL and QWLP, it was presented a theoretical material about the issues and themes that involve its main concepts and approaches, the relevant legislation, the QWL programs and its respective evaluation strategies, furthermore, the QWL was showned in the public sector context. It was used a theoretical, empirical, descriptive and explanatory metodology with documental analysis and field research. This Project was approved by the Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa – CEP/UFSCar (Opinion n° 1.613.134/2016). The results and discussion were systematized with the identified particularities in the three investigated cases, followed by the perceptions of QWL and the characterization of each program (management, evaluation, actions and developed activities). It is indicated that the studied programs have their own characteristics (program initiative, motivations, the targetting, as well as the strategies used in the management and evaluation) according to institutional guidelines and demands. In the end, it is presented some suggetions for deployment or improvement of the QWLP in the public sector ruled by empirical and theoretical evidences.
O direito humano à água na UNASUL : reconhecimento, tratamento normativo, garantias e desafios
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-02-14)
Espíndola, Isabela Battistello
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Oliveira, Celso Maran de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9911833172043700
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6431348805343679
This research proposes, based on the recognition of the right to water as a human right, inseparable from the right to life and other human rights, by the General Assembly of the United Nations, to investigate the possibility of its effectiveness and presence in countries that are part of the Union of South American Nations (UNASUR). Therefore, based on the understanding of the debates that involves the access to water as a human right, including its relationship with the environment, a comparison of the legislative reality of water in UNASUR was made. Thus, it was firstly elaborated a reconstitution of the emergence of UNASUR in relation to its location, composition, objectives and internal functioning analyzing the Union official documents, its councils and also defending that the Union represents the own maturity of South America in the construction of a multipolar world. This primarily part also approach the environmental issue, contemplating how UNASUR and its members understand the environment. In the second part, it is made a historical description about the incorporation of the access to water as a human right. Thirdly, it is presented an analysis of the legislation of UNASUR member countries related to the human right to water, seeking to demonstrate whether such countries explicitly recognize in their legal systems this fundamental human right. Based upon these previous stages, it is discussed the current status of the human right to water recognition in UNASUR, the possible solutions to the obstacles that obstruct the realization and effectuation of this right, developing considerations in the use of new methodologies for the application of the human right to water. Is was verified that UNASUR recognizes the importance of the environment in its Constitutive Treaty, but it still lacks the presence of an internal body that is responsible for this cause. Is was found that although the human right to water is a basic right and that all States have an obligation to guarantee this right for their populations, many of the UNASUR member do not do so, within the exception of Bolivia, Ecuador and Uruguay, which explicitly recognize the human right to water in their respective Constitutions. In other Member States it is possible to indirectly measure this right in their constitutional norms, using the relation of this human right with other rights. It is concluded that it is fundamental that the UNASUR member states explicitly recognize the human right to water, not only for reasons based on the economic development of the region, but also for the guarantee of access to water for the population against a possible palpable scenario of scarcity of this resource.
Algoritmo de enxame de abelhas para resolução do problema da programação da produção Job Shop flexível multiobjetivo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-02-14)
Sanches, Rafael Francisco Viana
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Kato, Edilson Reis Rodrigues
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8517698122676145
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3838425291676134
The production scheduling activity is considered as one of the most complex activities in production management. This activity is part of the class of NP-Hard problems found in the area of computer science, that is, those problems that can not be solved deterministically in polynomial time. In addition, the complexity of this activity may increase according to the constraints imposed on each programming system/problem. In this research, the problem of programming of production the Flexible Job Shop (JSF) is studied. This problem is considered an extension of the Job Shop programming problem. In JSF, a group of jobs (i.e., products, items, part of an item) formed by a set of operations and each operation must be programmed by a resource (i.e., machine) that belongs to a group of resources that have the same functional characteristics (e.g., cut, sanding, painting). This problem is characterized in two sub-problems being routing and sequencing activity. Routing involves determining which resource will process a given operation. Sequencing is the order in which each operation will be processed on a resource. Through established programming, the objective of this research is to optimize performance multicriteria: the makespan (i.e., time spent to produce a set of jobs), processing time spent on the resource that worked by more time and total production time. In order to reach the objectives mentioned above, a hybrid swarm approach is proposed in this research. In this approach, two auxiliary methods are used to treat the abovementioned sub-problems: genetic operator of mutation to perform the routing activity and for the sequencing activity, an adaptive method of neighborhood structures is proposed. In order to deal with the multiobjectivity of the problem, we propose the Pareto dominance method. Experimental results obtained through commonly used benchmarks prove the efficacy and superiority of the proposed approach when compared to other approaches also applied to the problem studied.
Interdisciplinaridade na questão climática : a participação das ciências sociais no Painel Intergovernamental de Mudanças Climáticas (IPCC)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-02-14)
Veltrone, Allan Rogério
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Andrade, Thales Haddad Novaes de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5882842888759363
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6642892526875406
Our goal in this study is to analyze the production, formation and acting of the authorscoordinators of the two most relevant chapters of the fifth report of the IPCC Working Group II (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change) that deal with human dimensions of climate change, and so discuss the contribution of social sciences around this debate. The discussion of the thesis is placed within a framework of interdisciplinary, in which demand for scientific cooperation between different areas appears as a necessity imposed by environmental issues. Our hypothesis is that the fact the interdisciplinary is happening, but when it occurs, that occurs in a hierarchical fashion, where the strands of the social sciences participating in the debate, only do so when they use the same parameters used by the ruling science in discussions climate change. The research shows that the hypothesis is partially confirmed, but there is a progressive tendency to incorporate the classic areas of social sciences, such as anthropology, political science and sociology by the IPCC.
Avaliação de proficiência oral em língua estrangeira : foco nos elementos provocadores na interação face a face do exame Celpe-Bras
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-02-14)
Faria, Elaine Risques
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Paula, Sandra Regina Buttros Gattolin de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9228036521343293
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6181109593794740
Proficiency exams and tests have increasingly attracted the attention of people in general and Applied Linguistics researchers interested in Language Assessment, as they may cause a significant impact on the examinee, since the results may lead to decisions and consequences in relation to their professional and / or educational life, such as being accepted into universities or being hired by a company, for example. Due to these factors, these exams and tests, also called ‘high stakes tests’, need studies that reflect on the aspects involved in such exams and tests in order to contribute to their improvement. In this sense, and considering the importance the Certificate of Proficiency in Portuguese Language for Foreigners (Celpe-Bras) has been acquiring over the years, this research investigated the prompts, pictures used to stimulate the conversation between the examiner-interlocutor and the examinee in the Oral Part of Celpe-Bras, called Face to Face Interaction. We developed a qualitative interpretive research, in which questionnaires answered by examinees and examiner-interlocutors from the second edition of Celpe-Bras 2014, the audios of the interviews of an Application Center in Brazil, from the same edition, as well as the prompts used in the interactions and their scripts were analyzed. From the analysis of the data we reflected on how much the prompts operationalize the construct of the Exam; on the participants’ perception of this research, examiner-interlocutors and examinees, regarding the prompts and on how the prompts contribute or not to the performance of the examinees in the Face to Face Interaction. We concluded with some suggestions for the improvement of the oral part of the Exam, especially in relation to the elaboration and use of the prompts and to the standardization of the Manuals and Guidelines of the Celpe-Bras Exam.
O Sistema de Avaliação do Rendimento Escolar do Estado de São Paulo (SARESP) e o ensino da língua materna em uma rede particular
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-02-14)
Machado, Karina
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Monteiro, Maria Iolanda
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4189205834370563
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3319708968061359
The evaluative act is present in daily actions and cannot be absent from the educational field. In the school institution, it is represented in different dimensions, which must have a dialogue and subsidize reflections on pedagogical practices carried out inside the classrooms. The external evaluation, one kind of school assessment, has been a guiding instrument in the quality of education for the national State extent and it is this kind that directs the path taken in this research. Specifically in São Paulo State, in order to verify the performance of elementary, middle and high school students, the SARESP - a System of Evaluation of Academic Achievement in São Paulo State was established since 1996. This assessment is organized from the curriculum of São Paulo State and it is attended by students enrolled in the State system, in the 2nd , 3rd , 5th , 7th and 9th grade of elementary and middle school and 3rd grade of high school. The SESI system (Social Service for the Industry) participated, this evaluation in the form of adhesion and from the results of the performance from 2nd grade students of elementary school in the Portuguese Language, this research aims to understand the contribution (or not) in the use of the indicators of this external evaluation, that is, how teachers ( from 1st to 5th of elementary school of the above school system ) use these data performance levels in their school planning in which they are inserted . The data indicated a significant descent in the rate of performance of 2nd graders of this school system and performance levels very close between 3rd and 5th graders, which has led us to narrow our investigative gaze in the process of literacy and literate. Based on qualitative methodology, we applied a questionnaire and interviewed a group of teachers from 1st to 5th grade of one of SESI System schools – SP. The purpose of this questionnaire is to characterize the participant teaching group and the complement of the information that was shared during the interviews on evaluation and pedagogical practices in the process of teaching and learning the native language. The interview was intended to acknowledge the understanding on the formative evaluation (notion used by private school system), evaluative practices developed at school and the use of SARESP results in the pedagogical acts. After analysing the documents of São Paulo State that register SARESP editions in the form of reports, we observed that the large-scale assessment estimate basic skills to be developed by students in each school grade, which, combined the results previously cited, indicated the narrowing of the search for the literacy and literate process developed at school. After analysing the interviews, questionnaires, documents that register the teaching concept and the methodology used in the school systems, the teaching materials and the skills estimated by SARESP, we observed the need to review the practices of literacy developed in this particular school system and training actions aimed to teachers, mostly on track of assessment practices and the singularity of literacy and literate. Especially in the context of evaluation, on the basis of the results presented in previous editions of SARESP, the teachers are led to train their students, but, such practice does not change considerably the results and in the process of literacy and literate, we observed that literate overlaps the teaching of writing technics, leaving gaps in this process, which were revealed in the latest edition of the external evaluation.
Fóruns de Negociações Simulados : uma estratégia didática no ensino de engenharia
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-02-14)
Pereira, Vágner Ricardo de Araújo
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Hayashi, Carlos Roberto Massao
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9136586124586219
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8318876461732888
The National Curricular Guidelines (DCN) for engineering courses in Brazil point to a generalist, humanistic, critical and reflexive formation. However, several obstacles are found in the search for a teaching that provides a broader view of engineering, among them the lack of interdisciplinary activities that can associate issues of specific for- mation with the social context. Thus, this work has as main objective to make a qualita- tive analysis, in the form of a case study, on the implementation of Simulated Negotia- tion Forums as a didactic strategy that can contribute to engineers ́ formation in the country, as proposed by the curricular guidelines. The theoretical foundations involve authors of the STS (Science, Technology and Society) field of research, pursuing ideas such as Reflexive Modernity, Risk Society, Actor-Network Theory, sociotechnical con- troversies and the Social Construction of Technology. Data collection for the research was carried out in a private institution in the State of São Paulo in two stages, in the first semester of 2014 and in the second semester of 2015, with an engineering class. As a way to obtain students ́ engagement, some activities with a STS approach were pro- posed. Toulmin's theory of invariable argument structures was used to set standards in the forum discussions that were held by students representing sectors of society. The results indicated that, for the group investigated, the Simulated Negotiation Forums provided opportunities for the active participation of students in the teaching and learn- ing process, going beyond the specific contents of each area of engineering that are cov- ered by traditional disciplines. In addition, this didactic strategy involved debate around controversial socio-technical situations, teamwork and interdisciplinary aspects. In this way, it was possible to illuminate other areas of professional performance of the engi- neer to act critically and reflexively in the contemporary world, and the STS field of studies was able to offer important contributions, whose perceptions of students en- gaged in research support this view.
Descoberta de relacionamentos semânticos não taxonômicos entre termos ontológicos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-02-14)
Andrade, Arthur Morais de
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Santos, Marilde Terezinha Prado
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9826026025118073
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6141689629856076
Ontologies have become an important tool to structure knowledge. However, the construction of an ontology involves a careful process of defining representative terms of the domain and its relationships, which requires a lot of time from ontology engineers and domain experts. These relationships can be taxonomic (hyponymy and meronymy), representing a taxonomy of concepts, and non-taxonomic, referring to the other relationships that occur between the nodes of this taxonomy. The main difficulties of constructing an ontology are related to the time spent by domain specialists and the necessity of guaranteeing the quality and reliability of the ontologies create. In this way, we are welcome the efforts to elaborate approaches that aim to reduce the amount of time dedicated by specialists without reducing the quality of the ontology created. In this master's project, an approach was developed for the discovery of semantic relationships between non-taxonomic ontological terms from semi-structured documents written with informal vocabularies of the Brazilian Portuguese language. Thus, it aids ontology engineers and domain experts in the arduous task of discovering the relationships between ontological terms. After the discovery of semantic relationships, the relationships were converted into a conceptual structure, generated by the Formal Concept Analysis (FCA) method. This approach was validated in two experiments, with the help of domain experts in special education. The first experiment consisted of a comparison between manually extracted relationships and automatic extraction, presenting a good value of precision, coverage and measurement F, respectively, 92%, 95% and 93%. The second experiment evaluated the relationships extracted, automatically, in the structure generated by the FCA, it gets average accuracy 86,5%.These results prove the effectiveness of the semantic relationship discovery approach.
Revelação do diagnóstico de HIV/AIDS na infância : impactos, cotidiano e perspectivas de jovens infectados verticalmente
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-02-14)
Negrini, Silvia Fabiana Biason de Moura
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Matsukura, Thelma Simões
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5611215381682164
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1932654728198678
Children living with HIV / AIDS are growing and demanding new interventions and health care strategies, such as the need to know their clinical status. Recent national and international studies have sought a better understanding of the issue of disclosure of HIV / AIDS diagnosis to vertically infected children and adolescents and their consequences. The objective of this research was to understand about the contributions and limits of a diagnostic disclosure process to children infected vertically by HIV / AIDS, developed by a multidisciplinary team of a tertiary hospital and approach, from the perspective of these current young people Social relations, daily challenges and future expectations. To do so, two studies were carried out: Study 1 aimed to identify the variations in CD4 and Viral Load rates of children infected vertically by HIV / AIDS, after participating in the process of diagnosis, developed by a multidisciplinary team of a hospital Ternary school in the interior of São Paulo - Brazil, as well as if this variation is associated with variables such as: gender, age, family composition and frequency in the groups, both of the children and the parents, and Study 2 aimed to investigate the impacts in daily life, the Challenges and future expectations, after the moment of revelation and in the present, from the perspective of young people, children at the time of revelation. The research was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the Hospital das Clínicas of the Medical School of Ribeirão Preto - USP and both studies were carried out in this place. For Study 1, data were collected in 65 charts of young people, children at the time of diagnosis. The information was recorded in a specific form and stored in a database. The results are presented in a descriptive and analytical way and, to verify the association between the variables, the "Fisher's exact test" was used. In Study 2, 17 young people, aged between 16 and 24 years participated, being 10 females and 7 males. All participants were infected with HIV by vertical transmission, they were part of the diagnostic disclosure process focused on this study, and they continue to be followed at the same health service. The instruments used were an identification form and a semi-structured interview script. For the data analysis, the Collective Subject Discourse (DSC) technique was used. The results of Study 1 show that there was an association between the participation of the caregivers in the group of the diagnostic process and the improvement in the CD4 rates of the children, besides the stabilization in the levels of viral load and CD4, after the diagnosis was revealed. The results of Study 2 point to the benefits reported by the participants regarding disclosure by the family associated with the UETDI disclosure process. Nevertheless, it was verified that it is during adolescence that the concreteness of the diagnosis is placed in their lives and, as a daily challenge, reveal the common presence of social prejudice imposed on young people with HIV. It discusses the relevance of diagnostic disclosure processes and highlights the relevance of the disclosure proposal evaluated in this study. Suggestions are suggested for the improvement of the process, especially regarding the resumption of the diagnosis and its implications in adolescence. Furthermore, the challenge of coping with prejudice as collective responsibility and with the concrete involvement of public policies is discussed.
Emergência de ditado ao longo do ensino cumulativo de discriminações condicionais entre palavras ditadas e impressas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-02-14)
Garcia, Christian David Pineda
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Souza, Deisy das Graças de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4404800720856419
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0054585059584295
The current work involves assessing a computerized teaching module grounded within the stimulus equivalence paradigm. This method has been successfully used for teaching reading and spelling skills to children with a poor educational history. The primary tasks employed by the matching-to-sample procedure constitute of matching pictures with dictated words, printed words with dictated words and printed syllables with dictated syllables. The goal is to teach relations between stimuli through the establishment of listening repertoires. Another task is to copy, which involves selection of printed letters conditionally upon the presentation of printed words. Across the 17 teaching steps of Module 1, these four tasks are performed with three different words. Periodic probes measure the emergence of untrained skills, such as reading (textual behavior), writing under dictation control, and conditional relations between the printed words and pictures, and vice versa. Previous studies have shown that upon conclusion of the module, students demonstrate high indicators of success in all emerging skills. The goal of the current study was to examine in detail dictation emerged performances through the 17 teaching steps, describing the acquisition pattern for each participant when writing dictated words. The data of 12 students who completed Module 1 served as a baseline at the beginning of the study. Each step involved the presentation of a word and two attempts of intercalated dictations along with other tasks. Six trials were made for each step, with 102 trials for the whole module. The number of trials and corresponding steps was repeated until an accuracy criterion of 100% was met for each step. Cumulative response curves were categorized into three general patterns of spelling: immediate, progressive (intermediate or late) and oscillatory emergency. For the immediate emergence, the participant produced correct responses across most trials. In the progressive emergence, the student produced several incorrect responses at onset, but shifted to a progressively more accurate pattern with subsequent steps. In the oscillatory pattern, the participant initially produced correct responses but, in subsequent steps, the production of incorrect responses increased. Analysis of writing topographies and average correct percentages on bigrams demonstrated improved performances across writing repertoires compared to the first steps, indicating the emergence of dictation repertoires. Analysis of teaching steps repetitions suggested distributions similar to those presented across the cumulative response curves (i.e., immediate, progressive and oscillatory patterns). Pearson correlations were found across baseline reading and spelling scores, with a strong relationship between the acquisition of reading and spelling repertoires. An inverse relation between initial performances and amount of training and age. Other correlations were observed across scores reached in the initial tasks used to measure the relation between spoken words and printed words (AC relation) and participant’s age to the amount of training needed for participants. In conclusion, it is fair to say that the dictation by composition emerged for all participants, although in different levels. Future research could tackle the variables responsible for the variability of participant’s performances.
Molecada no corre : comércio, experiência geracional e moral no Primeiro Comando da Capital
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-02-14)
Silva, Evandro Cruz
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Feltran, Gabriel de Santis
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6789864439048444
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6805031855287376
This work is part of the contemporary debate on the relations between peripheral urbanity, illicit drug trade and criminalization in the state of São Paulo. The objective of this research is to analyze the generational transition in the Primeiro Comando da Capital (PCC), a Brazilian criminal group of great relevance in the last two decades (1990 - 2000). More specifically, I present some of the recent changes regarding this generational passage in the retail trade of illicit drugs in the context of PCC and on the basis of what would be the proceder [conduct mode of self and evaluation of the conduct of others guided by what is considered "Right " in certain contexts] as a moral mediator of everyday conflicts in the peripheries of the state of São Paulo. The data presented here were produced from the participant observation between 2014 and 2016, in a socio-educational center called here "Núcleo São Judas", located in a city of São Paulo west region called here "Pinheiros". We argue in this dissertation that the Primeiro Comando da Capital undergoes a generational transition, provided by the occupation of its positions of responsibility in the drug dealing by increasingly young subjects and by the resignifications of the concept of proceeding (characteristic sign of the moral ties related to the Comando) produced daily by these subjects.