Navegando por Data de Publicação, começando com "2017-02-21"

Filtrar resultados por ano ou mês

Agora exibindo 1 - 17 de 17

O apoio matricial em saúde mental e as interfaces com a rede de atenção às pessoas com necessidades decorrentes do uso de álcool e outras drogas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-02-21) Faria, Paula de Fátima Oliveira; Lussi, Isabela Aparecida de Oliveira; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8121264125922144; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8497965429391536
The present study focuses on the relationship between the Centers for Psychosocial Care Alcohol and other drugs (CAPS AD) and Basic Care through the Matrix Support. These devices configure the network interfaces for people with needs arising from the use of alcohol and other drugs. The main objective of the study was to understand the process of Matrix Support, from the perspective of the CAPS AD and Primary Care professionals, specifically in the network of attention to people with needs arising from the use of alcohol and other drugs. To reach this goal we opted for qualitative research. We chose as camp of the study the municipality of Campinas, since the Matrix Support was inaugurated approximately twenty years ago in this municipality as a methodology of work that establishes an interdisciplinary practice for the construction of collective knowledge. Seven matriculated professionals and eight matriculation professionals participated in the study. The data collection was done by means of two focus groups, one with the professionals enrolled in Primary Care and the other with the professional nurses of the CAPS AD. The data produced were analyzed using thematic analysis. The results indicate that the Matrix Support is an innovative tool even after twenty years of implementation in the city of Campinas, already used to establish communication between matriciados and matriciadores, however the reports show that the Support Matrix occurs in a heterogeneous way in the network of attention to people With necessities arising from the use of alcohol and other drugs. Both the primary care professionals and those of CAPS AD point out that this methodology presents potentialities not yet achieved, but in constant construction. The training professionals point out that the perspective of harm reduction is still little used by Primary Care, and the trained professionals point out difficulties in the referral to some CAPS AD. The maturation professionals indicate that the relationship between City Hall and Co-management currently results in points that make articulation difficult to maintain the Matrix Support. The expected support of the Institutional Supporters appears weakened in the reports of the professional teachers. Both teams refer to the desire for specific training in alcohol and other drugs. We intend that the research can contribute to the strengthening of the methodology of Matrix Support that is given between Basic Attention and CAPS AD, facilitating the exchange of knowledge and collective construction
Contribuição e distribuição de recursos : uma análise comportamental do Jogo dos Bens Públicos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-02-21) Ferreira, André Luíz; Goyos, Antônio Celso de Noronha; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3407008711535651; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7760335859010943
Corruption is an object of study in several researches, but only recently it began to be investigated experimentally. Despite the progress, some gaps remain open, particularly in regards to the variables of which the observed behaviors are function, one aspect in which behavior analysis can contribute to operationalize the phenomenon and investigate the environmental variables that control these behaviors characterized as corrupt. One way to study this phenomenon is to expose the participants to a context in which they need to contribute to producing a particular public good, and then need to make decisions about how this good will be distributed among all participants. In this context, the participant can make three decisions: distribute in an egalitarian way; Distribute in an unequal way, favoring others, or distribute in an unequal way, favoring their own gains. A participant who makes distributions unequally for his own benefit shall behaving in a manner analogous to that described in the crime of embezzlement. Through the Public Goods Game (JBP), by modifying its original protocol, allowing the participants to manage the public resource, deciding how it will be distributed, it is possible to experimentally study this type of corrupt behavior. The aim was to investigate how the participants managed public resources under a PGG. Six participants were exposed to the procedure. They had to decide how the resource produced by her/his own contribution and that of the other players would be distributed among them. Five participants made unequal distributions, i.e, allocated most of the resources to themselves. This type of distribution is in correspondence with an embezzlement definition, allowing an approximation to real contexts. From these results, we suggest changes in the contingencies that control the occurrence of this type of behavior.
Avaliação cinemática, eletromiográfica e da concentração de biomarcadores inflamatórios em sujeitos com dor lombar : comparação de instrumentos de medida, avaliação de fatores que influenciam nos registros
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-02-21) Batistão, Mariana Vieira; Sato, Tatiana de Oliveira; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3456494998257229; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3249665880363249
Low back pain has negative impact on quality of life and work performance, and presents socioeconomic burden. Several studies have focused on investigating the dose-response relationship between risk factors and the development of low back pain. One way to evaluate this relationship is Surface Electromyography (EMG). Study 1 aimed to evaluate the influence of skinfolds, body mass index (BMI) and body mass on the amplitude of the EMG of the erector spinae (iliocostalis), multifidus and rectus abdominis muscles. Nineteen male subjects were recruited. The analysis showed that these factors influence the EMG record, explaining from 27 to 73% of the signal variance. Likewise, the evaluation of trunk movements and posture are of interest in ergonomic research. Study 2 aimed to compare two trunk movement logging systems, the three-dimensional movement recording system (Qualisys, ProReflex MCU, Sweden) and the inclinometer (Logger Tecknologi HB, Akarp, Sweden). Data from 27 volunteers were analyzed. Data were collected during three different tasks: a static in the orthostatic position, a static with 45 ° of trunk flexion and a dynamic being a manual handling of a load of 11.4 kg. The trunk movements were evaluated by the two systems simultaneously. The results showed that the systems differed between 0.9 ° in the standing static task, 10º in the static with trunk flexion and 29.3° in the dynamic task. Therefore, the use of inclinometer for posture evaluation and trunk movements should be done with caution, especially in the evaluation of dynamic tasks. In addition to the kinematic and electromyographic evaluation, another approach has been used. Recent studies have investigated the inflammatory response and its relationship to low back pain. Thus, the aim of Study 3 was to compare the levels of inflammatory biomarkers (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 and IL-10) in workers with low back pain, according to the characteristics of the symptoms, such as: functional impact, search for professional help, symptoms in the last 7 days and frequency of symptoms in the last year. Twenty-four men were evaluated. The Elisa method (Enzyme-Linked Immuno Sorbent Assay - Quantikine®HS, R & D Systems, Minneapolis, USA) was used to quantify the level of cytokines. However, no statistical difference was found. And in Study 4, the objective was to quantify, at two different times, levels of inflammatory biomarkers in experienced workers with low back pain, randomly divided into two groups: control (did not perform a load handling task) and experimental (handled ). The ELISA method was used to quantify the concentration of cytokines in twenty-five male workers (control=13; experimental= 12). The results showed that no differences were found in the concentration of biomarkers between the groups nor between the evaluations. In this way, it can be concluded that the task did not modify the concentration of biomarkers. Recommendations for future studies are to evaluate a task that generates greater overload, that is, with a longer duration, frequency or magnitude, considering the risks imposed to the population.
História da política de educação pré-escolar no Brasil de 1964 a 1993 : entre o texto e o discurso
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-02-21) Prado, Alessandra Elizabeth Ferreira Gonçalves; Hai, Alessandra Arce; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3845288858275245; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0944220382967127
We conducted this research through the exercise of educational historiography to approach the action of policy makers concerning the education of young children in Brazil. Our purpose was to assimilate, comprehend and analyze the movement that fostered the appropriation of pedagogical ideas - by highlighting the action or the “voice” of the policy makers - when analyzing the movement that constituted the official discourses used to address the care of children under six years of age in Brazil from 1964 to 1993. As a theoretical/methodological approach, we pursuit the perspective of demythologization, as described by Mark Depaepe, in addition to the police cycle, the Stephen Ball´s interpretative reading. Following this intent, we analyzed documents produced by the Brazilian Federal Government in the aforementioned educational field. Besides these, primary sources were used, such as event reports, internal correspondence, meeting minutes, as well as several texts in the archives of the Coordenação de Educação Infantil. In this sense, our historical reading emphasized the official managements, as we revealed a piece of the Coordenação de Educação Pré-Escolar backstage, in other words, internal and external drives of policy makers, in the vicinity of the official publications or the participations in events. Therefore, because we started the analysis in 1964, it was possible to go through the trajectory of policy by the agency of Vital Didonet and his team underlining the first moving in 1974, the year of the inception of activities of the Ministry of Education and Culture concerning the young children and its discursive alteration in the beginning of 1980´s, posteriorly intense criticism from the researchers to the Compensatory Education approach. Likewise, we stand out the activities of these agents since 1985 for the Campanha Nacional Criança e Constituinte; since 1986, with the implementation of Programa Municipal de Educação Pré-Escolar; since 1992, with the document “Política de Educação Infantil: proposta”. In this route, it was possible to perceive the strategies of control as established within official discourse, through the construction of the text, that allowed the following-up of actions, the convenient space of political maneuvering, the creative and inventive tone in which needs and contextual demands were articulated, as well as the alternative to appropriate concepts and pedagogical ideas. With the outcome of the analyses, the survey results revealed that the agents, at the same time as they concentrate on the pressures (carried out by academics, international organizations, politicians, private initiative), they sought to maintain their place of power, in other words, their relevance to the context of greater influence, the federal government. Beyond that, we revealed the continuum between political discourse and its practical execution. Our entire intent helped in understanding how the construction of the discourse of children – subject to rights – became justifiable, or of their achievement of citizenship, since the occurrence of the Federal Constitution of 1988. In the face of built understandings, as revealed by actions of what was officially publicized, the possibility of surfacing the place of young children, between text and discourse, and in contrast to what has been offered to them in matters of educational attendance in Brazil.
Formando leitores no ensino de outra língua : uma análise de representações de leitura compartilhadas por professores de língua espanhola
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-02-21) Santos, Rafael Borges Ribeiro dos; Ferreira, Luzmara Curcino; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4849994635754652; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0304920379486430
Learning another language and knowing how to read in a foreign language has become a demand and a need for individuals and societies nowadays. Therefore, in this work, we have studied some aspects of the work around reading skills in Spanish classes of Brazilian schools. By interviewing Spanish teachers from public and private schools, language studies centers (CEL, in Portuguese), and vocational education schools, we sought to identify the professionals‟ representations of what reading means as a social practice, as well as a specific skill in foreign languages classes. In order to do so, we have elaborated a written questionnaire with 30 discursive and multiple-choice questions, answered by 24 teachers. After that, we have selected 5 of those people and performed a face to face, individual interview, having as guide a semi-structured script, made of 14 discursive questions. From the data collected on both the questionnaire and the interviews, we have analyzed certain discourses about the book and the reading practices that circle in our society, and are shared, legitimated and assumed by Spanish language teachers, who are always individuals coexisting socially, economically and culturally. We understand the manifested discourses as guides of the teaching activities developed in Spanish classes, and those discourses may determine the conceptions the teachers and theirs pupils have about being readers of a foreign language. The theoretical background for this research comes from the French Discourse Analysis, more specifically from certain ideas conceived by Michel Foucault, about enunciation, discourse, discursive formation and archive, as well as studies about literacy in languages teaching and learning. We have also relied on studies from the cultural history of the book and the practice of reading, working with the concepts of representation, appropriation, and circulation. That way, we could analyze the representations those teachers claim to have about what is reading, how they enunciate themselves and their students as being readers, how they promote that practice during classes, and what are their expectations concerning teaching. We have concluded that, although the teachers have a good formation and great self-critical sense, there is a series of historical, cultural, social, and discursive coercions that limit and control their practices. It may lead, sometimes, to the reproduction teaching manners that are far from being liberator, and it reinforces the current social conditions around reading practices, which are, as we know, discriminatory.
Bioecologia de Paralonchurus brasiliensis (Steindachner, 1875) capturados na pesca artesanal de arrasto de Xiphopenaeus kroyeri (Heller, 1862), Penha, Santa Catarina, Brasil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-02-21) Sedrez, Mário Cesar; Verani, José Roberto; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0053232138684810; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0163565755386017
This thesis describes the bio-ecology of Paralonchurus brasiliensis caught as bycatch for the shrimp trawling fishery targeting Xiphopenaeus kroyeri in Penha, Brazil. Series of 30 minute trawls were made between July/2013 and June/2014 at depths of 10, 20 and 30 meters during which 3040 specimens of P. brasiliensis were collected. All specimens were weighed(g) and measured total length (TL in cm) and from a subsample of 1219 specimens data was obtained for sex-ratio, gonad weight, gonadal maturity, stomach repletion and diet. Paralonchurus brasiliensis is abundant and very frequent, in the bycatch of X. kroyeri, with a ratio of approximately 1: 1 kg between its average biomass and that of the targeted shrimp. CPUE both in number and biomass/trawling did not suffer significant variations and there was no population stratification among the isobaths. In the captures, a large amplitude of Lt (2.7- 23.3cm) was obtained, with a higher number of juveniles and females, regardless of depth. Asymptotic length (L∞) was estimated for males at 33.6 cm, females (30.4 cm) and size of first gonadal maturation estimated for males (16.4cm) and females (15.8 cm). The closed period of shrimp trawling for X. kroyeri only protects the early stages of P. brasiliensis, a continuous yearlong breeding species with peaks between autumn (may) and spring (october). There were significant correlations between abundance versus sand and silt, biomass vs. bottom temperature and silt, as well as RGS-M vs. Silt. The positive allometric growth and relative condition factor close to 1.0 (kn=1), indicated a favorable physiological condition of the specie in the three isobaths. This species showed intense foraging activity, evidenced by the high percentage of stomachs with food (95.73%). The diet of P. brasiliensis is diversified, with greater consumption of polychaetes, crustaceans and ophiuroids, which enables us to classify it as a carnivorous species, predominantly invertivorous. Paralonchurus brasiliensis is a key benthic-demersal species and an opportunistic predator over a wide trophic range intersecting with a vast number of macro-benthic species on marine coastal food webs along the South Brazilian shorelines. Besides the characterization important bioecological aspects of P. brasiliensis, this work contributes to the discussion and understanding of the impact of trawling at the local and world level using the case of P. brasiliensis as a study model.
Fragilidade de idosos em contexto de alta vulnerabilidade social : identificação de fatores associados
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-02-21) Menezes, Ana Laura Costa; Orlandi, Fabiana de Souza; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7395879552721664; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8695772348526600
Introduction: Frailty, defined as a multifactorial syndrome that can cause functional disability and an increased risk of comorbidities. Older people in a context of high social vulnerability may present greater risk of frailty. The identification of frailty’s levels and associated factors in the elderly in situations of social vulnerability is fundamental for a social care and health care therapy. Objective: To identify the factors associated with frailty in the elderly living in the context of high social vulnerability. Methodology: This is a correlational, cross-sectional research. The data collection was carried out at the participants' home with application of the instruments: Socio-demographic Questionnaire; Fried Frailty Phenotype Assessment; Mini Mental State Examination; Geriatric Depression Scale; Katz Index of Independence in Activities of Daily Living; Lawton And Brody Instrumental Activities Of Daily Living; Advanced Daily Life Activity Questionnaire - FIBRA network; International Physical Activity Questionnaire; Timed Up and Go Test; and Social Support Scale of the Medical Outcome Study. The Research Ethics Committee of the Federal University of São Carlos approved the project (Opinion No. 1,207,390). Logistic regression was performed to analyze the data. Results: Of the 304 elderly evaluated, 56,9% were female, 53,5% were aged between 60 and 69 years, 12.2% were classified as non-fragile, 60.5% as pre-fragile and 27.3% classified as fragile. The main factors associated with fragility in the studied sample were presence of depressive symptoms (OR: 1.9 95% CI: 1,1 – 3,7), mobility deficit (OR: 3.0 95% CI: 1,5 – 5,8), occurrence of two or more falls within 12 months (OR: 3,1 95% CI: 1,4 – 7,1) and low level of physical activity (OR: 5.2 95% CI: 2,5 – 11,0). Conclusion: The associated factors confirm the relationship between deficits in the physical and psychological aspects resulting from the aging process and socioeconomic conditions with the presence of frailty, in order to meet the national and international publications on the subject. The present study presented contributions so that new public policies can be created and new actions can be planned and implemented by health institutions and professionals, aiming at the promotion of health, prevention of associated factors, reversion and impediment of the progress of frailty, considering the negative impact it generates on the life of the elderly individual.
Legalização da produção madeireira na Amazônia brasileira : análise do manejo florestal comunitário e familiar (MFCF) em uma perspectiva de campo de ação estratégica (CAE)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-02-21) Andrade, Roberta Amaral de; Sacomano Neto, Mário; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0000793038362058; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7625793518845936
Community forest management (CFM), the planned and rational use of forest resources by traditional communities and family farmers, is regarded as one of the strategies to tackle deforestation in the Amazon region. Even with challenges, community associations in the region seek to approve "Sustainable Forest Management Plans" (SFMP), a document required in the first stage of CFM. Assuming that the process of obtaining the SFMP occurs in a "strategic action field" (SAF) (FLIGSTEIN; McADAM, 2011), this work performed two study cases (YIN, 2001) from processes conducted by community associations in the municipality of Lábrea in the State of Amazonas. A strategic action field (SAF) is a “socially constructed arena in which actors with varying resources endowments vie for advantages to achieve their objectives” (FLIGSTEIN, McADAM, 2011). Through the "theoretical lens" of the SAF approach, we sought to understand the elements that influenced the contrasting results obtained in the action: a successful one, with the approval of a SFMP; and an unsuccessful one. Our main objective was to analyze and compare these two processes and, specifically, we proposed to: (a) analyze the influence of other fields and the State; (b) identify incumbent and challengers actors; (c) identify resources and social skill. The case studies had an exploratory and longitudinal orientation. Data were collected through participatory observation; document analysis, and semi-structured interviews, the latter being the main data source. Twenty six people among governmental, nongovernmental and actors from the associations aforementioned were interviewed between 2015 and 2017. The theoretical approach of SAF was used as a guideline for data analysis. We argue that the field under analysis is the subfield of timber production in Lábrea, part of an economic field in transformation, and influenced by an emerging environmental field. Thus, we understand that the processes were influenced by three main elements: the presence of internal governance structures; socially skilled actors; and networks. We understand that the situation of the field and the presence of governance structures enabled the action of socially skilled actors in the successful case; and the absence of governance structures in the unsuccessful one left the process vulnerable to the performance of socially skilled actors in the opposite direction of timber production legalization. We suggest the analysis of the genesis of CFM and a network study as a complementary analysis.
Fanzines narrativos: um olhar sobre as Identidades Profissionais de Professores de uma escola pública
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-02-21) Silva, Maria Aparecida Alves da; Fernandes, Hylio Laganá; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1315602045624096; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9904462066832764
The present work presents a research of the area of education, in a more specific field of Teacher Training. The research uses Fanzine, here configured as an autobiographical narrative (biograficzine) as an investigative (and formative) device, bringing as a theme the professional identities of the teachers of a public school. The problem that guides the development of this work is the following question: how do the teachers of a public school perceive their professional identities from the production of fanzines? The importance of investigating this question comes from the perspective of understanding the process of becoming a teacher, considering the perception that the teachers have about their professional identities. The research aims to investigate how the teachers of a public school perceive their professional identities to understand how they became teachers. To answer this objective the study was structured from a qualitative perspective and used for the production of data the production of fanzines associated with (biographical) biographical narratives, the biograficzine; The analysis of this material was done through the Peirceana semiotics, discussed in the perspective of professional teacher identities. Finally, interviews were also made to complement the final analysis. As a theoretical-methodological foundation, the contributions of Dubar (1995, 2005, 2009) are considered to support the issue of professional identities, admitting that the idea of identity as an "identity form" is configured in social and work relations and that identities professionals build and rebuild throughout existence. For the understanding of becoming a teacher, it became necessary to carry out another movement, together with the teachers. For this, I appropriate the theoretical basis developed by Nóvoa (2007, 2009), in which he advocates teacher training centered in two dimensions: the personal and the professional, in which he suggests five proposals: Practices, Profession, Person, Sharing and Public. The development of the analyzes of the biograficzines had as theoretical support Santaella (1983, 1989, 1995, 2008), admitting the analytical potential of the semiotics to analyze the biograficzines produced. The results obtained with the production of data demonstrate a group of teachers with teaching identities in which, in their acts of belonging, in the identity they attribute to themselves, they seek autonomy, threatened by the devaluation of the profession, but try to break with the acts attributed by institutions. The understanding of becoming a teacher is related to the importance of becoming aware of relationships within the school and communication with the outside world.
Que saberes anunciam profissionais da educação Infantil? Um estudo em contexto de uma formação in lócus
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-02-21) Martins, Andressa de Oliveira; Sommerhalder, Aline; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4775432120371947; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5236537649957580
The present research was produced in the University Extension Project. For that, a problem was elaborated and organized in form of a question: what are the knowledges of Early Childhood Education professionals revealed in the University Extension Project? Under this questioning, this dissertation was aimed to understand what knowledges of Early Childhood Education professionals are shown in the Activity Extension. We also sought to raise and describe aspects related to the participation (training) of these professionals, in this project, and to identify and analyze the knowledge revealed in the context of this university extension action. From a qualitative perspective, this research was carried out by means of a bibliographical survey, followed by the theoretical support of authors such as Kramer, Nóvoa, Tardif, Imbernón, Machado, Formosinho, Rosseti-Ferreira and Kishimoto, among others to gain a higher knowledge of the subject. We built the theoretical referential around themes such as: teacher training, Early Childhood Education and knowledges. The field research had as instrument for data collection the focal group, with recording of footage and transcription of images and audio. It was carried out with 16 Early Childhood Education teachers - working in day-care centers (13 teachers, 1 head mistress, 1 physical education teacher, 1 lunch lady), participants in the VEREDAS Project. Data analysis was performed through content analysis. The research data were organized into two categories: "Being in the University Extension Project" and "Knowledges of professionals of Early Childhood Education". The results of the research revealed specific knowledge to perform with infants and young children and also the importance of continuing training, with emphasis on the training process that takes place within the University Extension Project. The approach between universities, day-care centers and pre-schools, through this Project, enabled the formation in context of this group of professionals in Early Childhood Education, since the results showed that this extension activity was constituted as a space for collaboration, dialogue, reflection , learning, exchange of knowledge and experiences, as well as a space for professional affirmation and recognition of knowledge.
Educação de surdos : estudo bibliométrico de teses e dissertações (2010-2014)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-02-21) Ramos, Denise Marina; Hayashi, Maria Cristina Piumbato Innocentini; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7263318849588556; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6104659471056145
The issues related to the deaf education have gained significant prominence in political and educational debates in recent years, impacting on the academic researches agenda in this field. Thus, this research sought to elaborate a state of knowledge about the deaf education based on academic researches of masters and PhD defended in graduate programs in Brazil between 2010 and 2014. This work is a bibliometric approach and was chosen as source information the Brazilian Digital Library of Thesis and Dissertations. According to the criteria of inclusion and exclusion established, it was analyzed 62 master’s dissertations and 8 PhD’s thesis in detail. In summary, the results indicated: a decrease in the number of productions in 2014, averaging 50% less, despite a constant distribution in previous years; higher frequency of dissertations from academic masters; higher concentration of dissertations and thesis in the Southeast and South regions of the country, in public higher education institutions, specially for Federal University of São Carlos, and in the areas of Human Sciences and Linguistics, Literature and Arts; lack of graduate scholarships; prevalence of authors and advisors from female gender and a remarkable number of deaf authors, totalizing 5 authors. It was also observed that most of dissertations and thesis were based on a socio-anthropological perspective of deafness and approached topics such as: inclusion, language, educational interpreter, teacher training and bilingual school/education. The studies approached from the investigated reality through qualitative methods and techniques and focused, specially, regular inclusive schools and their main actors, such as deaf and listeners students, listening teachers, educational interpreters and management team. It was also observed an analogous percentage of studies that pointed out, on the one hand, the regular school, and on the other, a specific school or classroom for the deaf students, as the most appropriate place for their schooling, revealing that the question of the “place” of deaf education is still controversial. Lastly, the main results and considerations about of the dissertations and thesis pointed to weaknesses in the educational service of deaf students, especially in regular contexts. In this way, given the scenario presented, it is expected that future research deepen the investigated themes in order to understand all its complexity, contemplate the gaps observed and most importantly, indicate ways to improve the quality of deaf education in our country, whether in regular schools or in specific schools or classrooms for deaf students according to a bilingual perspective.
Educação ambiental e teoria crítica : a dialética da emancipação na formação socioambiental de servidores de uma Universidade Pública do estado de São Paulo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-02-21) Sudan, Daniela Cássia; Zuin, Vânia Gomes; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5265150425993880; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3863004014765353
In light of a potential environmental collapse due to the predominant modern production system on the planet, which threatens life on Earth, the critical and emancipatory Environmental Education (EE) plays a significant role in its public social function in order to prompt reflections, presenting questions, stimulating and monitoring change processes, propose directions, participate in structuring policies and collaborate in preparing people for critical and transformative political participation. In this challenge, the objective of this research concerns the analysis of a social-environmental training project that includes technical-administrative public servants of a Higher Education institution (HEI) in the state of São Paulo, Brazil. Based on the Critical Theory framework, the Frankfurt School and Emancipatory Environmental Education, this study will investigate the potentially emancipatory elements emerging from the pressure between what has been experienced and what is proposed in this project, and will also discuss what these elements are based on and their contribution to revisiting emancipation in EE. To achieve this goal, the method is structured in a qualitative, research-participant approach that includes focus group techniques in the project coordination group, participant observation and document analysis of the project coordinating group. The results were organized in two sections: the first one is a self-critical report of the project, according to the temporal sequence of actions development. The second section involved the analysis of data into two central categories: 1. “the dialectic of emancipation in the socio-environmental training project of public servants”, comprising the subcategories of emancipatory EE, autonomy and freedom; and 2. “dialectics of the socio-environmental training of public servants”, containing the subcategories of capillarity, learn-by-doing and participatory-action-research, which represent nodal points of the socio-environmental training project of public servants articulated to the central theme of emancipation. A new emergent category was that of "non-teachers" as a reflective potential on instrumental reason in higher education.The potential emancipatory elements that emerged in this project, which contribute to revisiting the complex concept of emancipation in EE, involve: the dialectic of capillarity to establish EE in the institution; the material and infrastructure conditions, and the labor relations within and outside Environmental Education; The emergence of developing rigorous diagnostics in EE under pressure from the evidence of project communication; The critical and emancipatory perspective of EE and its dialogic moments. The uneasiness of an emancipation that does not materialize in its fullness generates a positive restlessness capable of promoting a critical reflection and action within this IES. Our expectation is that this research will contribute to the discussion of Environmental Education processes in HEI, so that the concept of emancipation can be revisited and added to the accumulation of knowledge regarding EE.
Cuidado desenvolvimental da teoria à prática do enfermeiro em unidade neonatal
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-02-21) Marski, Bruna de Souza Lima; Wernet, Monika; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6056127658896265; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4749107550534372
Premature infants are usually referred to a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit and experience their initial development in this context. This environment has assistive technology that can assure its survival, but, paradoxically, it is also characterized as inhospitable, due to the effects of interventions performed there and the high sensorial load incompatible with the self-regulation capacity of those children. The nurse is directly related to care and is a mandatory requirement in the care context of the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, it plays a fundamental role in the provision of qualified, humanized and integral care to the critical newborn and must consider the Developmental Care in their care practice. The present qualitative study aimed to analyze how the nurses incorporate in their care practice the Developmental Care to the preterm newborn hospitalized in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit. The Symbolic Interactionism was listed as theoretical reference and Bardin Content Analysis was listed as methodological reference. The data gathering took place in a city in the interior of São Paulo, through non-participant observation, documentary research in medical records and semi-structured interviews. The triangulation of the findings was performed as the strategy for data analysis for qualitative research. Eleven nurses from the Neonatal Intensive Care Units of this city were subjects of this study. Data analysis resulted in the construction of five thematic categories: Developmental Care and Care Management; Developmental Care and Family; Developmental Care and Environment of the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit; Developmental Care and Pain; And Developmental Care and Skin. The nurses in this study have knowledge about most of the aspects involved in Developmental Care, recognize the same as relevant to a quality and safe practice for the critical newborn and his family and wish to broaden their presence in care practice. However, there are inconsistencies between the verbalized and the executed, as well as insufficiency in the record of its performance in relation to Developmental Care. It is concluded that Permanent Education emerges as a possible interventional resource to qualify and achieve transformations of care, to stimulate reflections about the practice of the Developmental Care in addition to strengthen the use of Nursing Care Systematization, aiming to contribute for an individualized and humanized care that meets the needs of the subjects.
Crianças com deficiência física, síndrome de Down e autismo : análise de características familiares na visão materna
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-02-21) Spinazola, Cariza de Cássia; Cia, Fabiana; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5999108571365402; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0508285970778426
Families have a fundamental role in the development of their children, as they are characterized as the first context in which human beings take part of and it is through the relations stablished with the children that families affect their development. In this context, families of children with disability deserve attention, as they may need support to understand the needs of their children and to stablish relations before a child that demands a greater parental involvement. However, it is believed that such needs are different depending on the child deficiency. Therefore, the aims of this research are: (a) identify and compare the needs, the social support and family resources of families of children with physical disability, Down’s syndrome and autism, and (b) relate such variables. 60 mothers of children between zero and six years took part on the research, and were divided in three groups: the G1 formed by 20 mothers of children with physical disability; the G2 formed by 20 mothers of children with Down’s syndrome and the G3 formed by 20 mothers of children with autism. The average age of the mothers of the G1 was 33,8 and the children 3,6; in G2 the average was 36,1 to the mothers and 3,5 to the children; and in the G3 was 36,5 and 4,7 of the children. The contact with the mothers happened though a Special Education institution and a School Health Unity (USE). To achieve the aims, the participants answered, via interview, to the following instruments: Brazil Criteria; Survey on the family needs; Survey of social support and Inventory on the family’s environment resources. This study had two outlines, being ex-post-facto and correlational. To compare data from the mothers of children with physical disability, Down’s syndrome and autism the T-test was used and to related the family variables, the Pearson correlation test was used. As results, in relation to the families’ needs, when comparing the groups, it was noted that the G1 presented a higher statistical average compared to G2 in the aspects related to the need for information over the child deficiency, aid with abilities to answer questions from friends, neighbors and strangers about the child situation, aid in obtaining special materials and equipment that the child needs and financial aid. The G2 compared to G1, presented a higher statistical average in the aspects related to need of aid over the way to talk with the child, aid to find a way to mutually support each other in difficult times, and aid regarding the functioning of the family life. In the comparison between G1 and G3, it was observed that the G1 presented a higher statistical average than G3 in the items regarding the need for aid in obtaining the materials and equipment that the child needs and in the total of the financial subscale. The G3 presented a higher statistical average, in comparison with G1, in the factors related to the aid over the way to talk with the child, over the development of the child and explaining the child situations to other people. The comparison between G2 and G3 revealed that G2 presented a higher statistical average than G3 in relation to the need in having someone from the family to talk to about problems, other than friends to talk to, and in the total subscale of the group. The G3, in contrast, showed greater need for information regarding services and support the child could be benefited from in the future. In regarding to the social support, it was identified that the G2 presented a great number of supportive people, followed by G3 and G1, however, G1 presented as the most satisfied with the type of support received. Regarding the family environment resources, it was noted that the families stimulate and interact frequently with their children. G3, however, presented a greater frequency in comparison with G1 and G2 in assisting with school work. Regarding the second objective of the study, it was identified correlations between several variables, such as: (a) the total needs presented negative correlation with the right time for the children to do their homework; (b) the needs for support and functioning of the family life revealed to have a negative correlation with the number of supportive people; and (c) the need for support correlated negatively with the socioeconomic level and children education. The amount of supportive people showed to have a positive correlation with the frequency of right time for the child to have lunch and do homework, as well as with gatherings on weekends. It is concluded that this study does not presented a higher number of statistically significant differences when comparing families of children with physical disability, Down’s syndrome and autism, however it brings subside for future interventions with these family groups, concerning the decrease of family needs, maximization of social support and stimulation of family environment.
Efeito da paridade a longo prazo sobre a função da musculatura do assoalho pélvico
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-02-21) Bertacini, Daiane Munhoz Mira; Beleza, Ana Carolina Sartorato; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4139635204538357; Driusso, Patricia; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8898319491890063; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1298216222842032
Parity has been associated with an increase in risk of pelvic floor musculature dysfunctions. The aim of this study was to verify the effect of parity over this musculature in the long term. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional study accomplished at the Department of Physical Therapy, Federal University of São Carlos, Brazil. A hundred and forty three women participated in the study, grouped according to parity, between one and six years after the last delivery. The King’s Health Questionnaire was applied when the urinary complaint was confirmed, and the habitual physical activity was assessed by the “Baecke Habitual Physical Activity Questionnaire”. The function of the pelvic floor musculature was assessed through perineometry and unidigital vaginal palpation, using the PERFEC scheme, being the contraction graduation classified according to the Modified Oxford Scale. Results: In relation to the graduation of pelvic floor musculature contraction using the Modified Oxford Scale and perineometry, there was no significative difference in relation to parity (p=0.48) and (p=0.14) respectively. There was no statistical difference between groups referring to the current urinary incontinence complaint and in the domains of King’s Health Questionnaire. The regression analysis did not present a result that indicated the effect of parity in the variables analysed. Conclusion: it was not verified the effect of parity, regardless the mode of delivery, over the PFM function and presence of urinary symptoms, such as UI, in a period considered long term after birth.
Avaliação da fase de recuperação após exercício resistido em idosos e jovens : análise da modulação autonômica cardíaca
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-02-21) Monteiro, Clara Italiano; Mendes, Renata Gonçalves; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9634590922242052; Cabiddu, Ramona; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8228182846252185; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9550771341156468
Aging is a complex, dynamic and progressive process characterized by morphological, functional, biochemical, psychological and social age-related changes. These changes occur progressively and lead the individual to gradual reduction of their adaptability and performance skills, making them more vulnerable to intrinsic and extrinsic factors. Resistance training is recommended for elderly people as a promising intervention to prevent or reverse, at least partially, the effects caused by this process. However, the number of studies that address cardiovascular variables behavioral patterns during the recovery period after resistance exercise in the elderly is still limited, despite the potentially useful information that might arise from this observation. In this context, the aim of the present proposal is to analyze the response of the response of heart rate variability (HRV) to resistance exercise during the recovery period (6 minutes) in elderly and young subjects. Volunteers will undergo three visits: 1. ramp type exercise test on a cycle ergometer (clinic avaluation); 2. one maximum repetition (MR) test and 3. A test at an intensity of 70% and 90% of 1RM, on the Leg Press 45º device. The records of the heart frequency (HR) was collected throughout the tests. Our hypothesis is that cardiovascular adjustments, investigated through HRV analysis, will be attenuated in the elderly when compared to young subjects. The results were compared using two-way repeated-measures ANOVA. A significant difference was found between elderly and young during the recovery phase for Mean RR, LF n.u., DFA1 and DFA2. Our findings show that the elderly present higher sympathetic modulation during RE recovery when compared to young subjects, which might be indicative of an attenuated response to exercise in this population.
A contextualização nos livros didáticos de química do PNLD de 2009 a 2015
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-02-21) Godoy, Rosa Maria Mendes de; Marques, Rosebelly Nunes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7921735904003583; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8726-3211; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4334801764537298; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1381-3348; Silva, Caio Marcio Paranhos da; Pipitone, Maria Angélica Penatti; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7793686262868668; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3898367678487747; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2261-0585
Contextualization in Chemistry Textbooks Approved by the National Textbook Program (PNLD) from 2009 to 2015 investigates the predominant conceptions of contextualization in High School Chemistry textbooks approved by the National Textbook Program (PNLD) for the 2009, 2012, and 2015 triennials, focusing on the chapters dedicated to the theme of Chemical Transformations (or reactions). It starts from the observation that, although contextualization is a central pedagogical principle in national curriculum documents, its operationalization in teaching materials is polysemic and often reduced to a superficial resource. The research adopts a qualitative approach of a documentary and analytical-interpretative nature, constituting a corpus of 15 works selected from the official PNLD approval catalogs. The theoretical framework articulates contributions from the field of Science Education, particularly the criticisms of the trivialization of contextualization and the propositions of the Science-Technology-Society-Environment (STSE) approach for citizen formation. Methodologically, an analytical categorical system inspired by content analysis was developed, distinguishing two macro-conceptions: Instrumental Reductionist Contextualization (Category C1), subdivided into Superficial Motivation (C1A) and Uncritical Description (C1B); and Critical Formative Contextualization (Category C2), unfolded into STSE Association (C2A) and Transformative Problematization (C2B). The systematic application of this analysis grid allowed for a meticulous examination of texts, images, experimental activities, and exercise proposals. The results demonstrate the stable and majority hegemony of Category C1 throughout the three triennials, present in approximately 80% of the works in each edition. This conception is characterized by the use of everyday life as a rhetorical "bait" (C1A), by technical and historical descriptions devoid of problematization (C1B), and by a clear fragmentation between socio-scientific context and conceptual development. In contrast, Category C2 consolidated itself as a minority and isolated paradigm, consistently materialized in the trajectory of the collection Química Cidadã (Citizen Chemistry), which adopted a thematic structure and a structuring STSE association (C2A). It is concluded that the 2009-2015 cycle did not register a collective pedagogical evolution, but rather the crystallization of a structural dichotomy and didactic stagnation, evidencing a profound mismatch between the official discourse of the PNLD and the materiality of the books distributed by it. The study, therefore, points to the need to rethink the program's evaluation criteria, the logics of editorial production, and teacher training strategies so that contextualization can effectively fulfill its transformative role in Brazilian chemistry education.