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Quando os alunos já são professores : ressentimento, teoria e prática na experiência do PARFOR
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-03-02) Santos, Marcelo Alexandre dos; Zuin, Antônio Álvaro Soares; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5543562307373287; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3240040665559991
The present work consists of a study about the teacher-student relationship when students are already teachers. The specificities of this relationship are analyzed from two fundamental elements, namely: the resentment dynamics between students and teachers and the taboos about teaching, related to the problem of aversion to the teaching profession. In spite of the approximation to psychology - especially in regard to resentment - the approach employed is philosophical, taking as reference the studies of the Critical Theory of society produced by the first generation theorists of the Frankfurt School, including Theodor Adorno. They are joined by the analysis of other philosophers of modernity, such as Nietzsche and Marx, as well as present-day Frankfurtian intellectuals, such as Zuin, and the philosophy of education in Brazil, especially Saviani. The object of the study presented here is situated historically. Thus, the teacher-student relationship now studied consists of a singular case: a licentiate course in Pedagogy in which students already have the experience of teaching, that is, they are professionals with a practical contribution and familiar with the classroom dynamics. In view of this context, this paper aims to answer the following questions: Does the act of attending a degree in Pedagogy when one already has the experience of teaching practice modify the characteristics of the teacher-student relationship? Would a priori teaching experience contribute to the acceptance of course practices that would enable the formative experience (Erfahrung) (Bildung)? The answers to these questions are produced from the analysis of the highlighted elements in articulation with the controversy of the relation between theory and practice, developed through the application of the negative dialectic method, proper to the Adorno’s Critical Theory. Through the conclusions reached from the answers to these questions, it is possible to better understand the current motivations of the aversion to the teaching profession based on the objective conditions of existence in which it develops in the present days. This whole set of analysis is inserted in the conjunctural dynamics of contemporary capitalist society with the aim of enabling the dialectical articulation between the objective and subjective data gathered in the research. The results show that the fact that the student is already a teacher, in the singular case studied, modifies several aspects of the teacher-student relationship. This change is related, among other elements, to the dissociation between theory and practice which, in these circumstances, underlies the aversion to the teaching profession. In addition, it was possible to verify that the fact that the student is already a teacher does not interpose immediately as an incentive element of practices that provide the formative experience. In this set, it is verified that the current taboos about teaching is reproduced in a specific way when students are already experienced teachers, including the conditions addressed in this research, modifying, even, the characteristics of resentment in the teacher-student relationship that is in this context. Therefore, the present work can contribute to the development of actions that can effectively overcome the objective and subjective determinations that constantly reproduce the resentment, the taboos and the semiformation that pervade the teaching profession.
Literatura e jornalismo : uma análise de “Um dia no cais”, de João Antônio
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-03-02) Lopes, Leandro de Oliveira; Pellegrini, Tânia; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0280434883580627; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1685606169755410
"Um dia no cais", by João Antônio, was firstly published in the magazine Realidade under the categorization of "short story-report". This designation makes us suppose a mixture, in text, of two different textual genres originated from literature and journalism: the short story and the story-report. This study investigates the textual resources that allowed the term, unknow of at that time, to be created and designated to the aforementioned text. Besides, our aim is to discuss the elements that approach the term and, at the same time, make it distance it from an assertive use above its supposed “subgenre” status. To get the results, we used theoretical concepts that define both short story and report in such a way to intersect them. And in order to consider the environment and the context in this analysis, we take the magazine Realidade and the conditions of Brazil (military dictatorship and the incipient development of a Brazilian cultural industry) into consideration at the time of the publication of the text in question, also intending to understand the emergence of this term that still characterizes "Um dia no cais" as the first Brazilian "short story-report".
Catalisadores Ni-Fe/MgAl2O4 na reforma a vapor do etanol: influência da razão molar Ni/Fe nas propriedades catalíticas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-03-02) Lara, Thais Paula Nogueira; Bueno, José Maria Corrêa; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0157452280626031; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9889214612048325
The effect of iron incorporation on the catalytic properties of Ni / MgAl2O4 for the Ethanol Steam Reforming (ESR) was studied. Samples of different Fe/Ni molar ratios were prepared by wet impregnation of MgAl2O4, synthesized by the sol-gel method. The catalysts were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), temperature programmed reduction (TPR), temperature programmed desorption of ethanol, near-edge X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XANES), and photoelectric spectroscopy of X-rays. The formation of the MgAl2O4 spinel was confirmed by XDR and the NiO, Fe2O3 and NiFe2O4 phases were identified in the monometallic nickel, iron and bimetallic catalysts, respectively. In TPR it was verified that the presence of nickel altered the iron properties in the bimetallic catalysts. The catalytic tests were carried out under an atmosphere of water:ethanol and water:ethanol:H2 in the temperature range of 250 to 650 °C. Changing the drag from He to hydrogen, reduced the degree of oxidation of the samples at low temperatures and, consequently, increased the activity. The higher the iron content, the lower the activity at low temperatures. The results of XANES indicated that a restructuring of the Ni-Fe particles occurs during the RVE. After the reduction, Ni-Fe alloy formation is obtained, with increasing temperature Fe migrates to the surface and is oxidized to FeO. The intensity of this reconstruction depends on the Fe/Ni ratio and the composition of the reactants, being more intense in the reaction without H2. Among the catalysts analyzed, 8Ni-5Fe was the most stable and selective to hydrogen gas during the ESR, presenting a lower carbon formation
Toxicidade de nanopartículas de óxido de ferro (Fe3O4) para o cladócero tropical Ceriodaphnia silvestrii
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-03-02) Gebara, Renan Castelhano; Souza, Jaqueline Pérola de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2320506014760329; Melão, Maria da Graça Gama; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8342306603661310; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7552826388478784
Nanoparticles (NPs) have been produced on a large scale worldwide for various consumer purposes such as the production of cosmetics, sunscreen, biosensors, human prosthetics and cancer therapy. However, due to its large production, NPs can have water bodies as final destination, where current studies addressing these compounds are not sufficient to estimate the threat that these substances could cause to aquatic organisms. Chronic studies with nano-Fe3O4 are scarce and, to the best of our knowledge, inexistent regarding tropical zooplankton species, although chronic studies are of great importance to predict the effects of the substances because they analyses great part of this organisms life cycle. At present study, we investigated nanoparticles of Fe3O4, to the tropical cladoceran Ceriodaphnia silvestrii using acute toxicity tests (0.00; 0.01; 0.10; 1.00; 10.00 and 100.00 mg L-1) during 48h, and chronic toxicity tests (0.00; 3.125; 6.25; 12.50; 25.00 and 50.00 mg L-1) during 14 days. Characterization of NPs in the exposure medium revealed that they experienced agglomeration and aggregation on a micrometer scale. Results showed non-toxicity of nano-Fe3O4 after 48h of acute exposure (EC5048h > 100.00 mg L-1). ). In chronic tests, treatment of 50 mg L-1 caused significant inhibition of growth and reproduction, affecting the maximum length (inhibited 12.71%), accumulated number of eggs (reduction of 51.99%) and neonates (decrease of 61.37%) per female (Dunnett’s test, p < 0.05). We concluded that nano-Fe3O4, in the 14th day, was toxic to C. silvestrii only at the highest concentration tested (50.00 mg L-1) during this chronic exposure.. The use of nano-Fe3O4 in aquatic environments could be considered safe to this species in concentrations up to 25.00 mg L-1, according to the parameters evaluated.
Afídeos e suas interações biológicas em áreas de vegetação natural e agrícolas : exemplo de sucesso nas invasões biológicas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-03-02) Cunha, Suzan Beatriz Zambon da; Silva, Carlos Roberto Sousa e; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4890369735136839; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9279872090037393
The introduction of exotic species affects ecosystems world widely. Aphids (Hemiptera: Aphidoidea) are especially prone to be invasders by presenting characteristics as small sizes, assexual reproduction, and the capacity of involuntarialy invade distant regions, being transported together with their host plants. The main objective of this research was to make an inventory of exotic invasive aphids and also of their hosts, parasitoids and predators in both, natural vegetation and its agricultural surrounding areas. Samplings were carried out in the remaining Cerrado area at the Federal University of São Carlos campus, in the Ecological Station of Itirapina, and in The State Parks Campos do Jordão, Furnas do Bom Jesus, Porto Ferreira and Vassununga. Twelve hours of sampling were performed in each locality, in the rainy and dry seasons in the period between from April 2014 to March 2016. The aphids, possible predators and parasitoids were collected directly in the host plants and identified down to the lowest possible taxonomical level. A total of 7,875 aphids, 5,748 ninphs, 1,642 apterous adults and 485 winged adults over different host plants belongiong to 42 botanical families, distributed in 266 samples. In these samples 38 species of aphids and 50 species of host plants were found. The species Aphis spiraecola, Toxoptera aurantii and A. gossypii were the most abundant, respectively. Plants of the Asteraceae family were the preferred hosts of aphids. The largest number of host plants and highest species richness of aphids were obtained from teh State Park of Campos do Jordão. There were no visual differences in relation to the number of samples obtained in each seasonal period, and aphids were collected year round. Among the aphid/plant interactions observed, 43 are new associations. The emergence of the parasitoids Lysiphlebus testaceipes (Crensson, 1880) and Xenostigmus bifasciatus (Ashmead 1891) and of the hyperparasitoids Pachyneuron aphidis (Bouché, 1834), Syrphophagus sp. Ashmead and Euneura sopolis (Walker,1840) were obtained. We also obtained the uncommon emergence of a parasitoid of the Diapriidae family parasitizing the aphid Picturaphis vignaphyllus. Amonf predators were collected: siyrphíds, crysopíds and the coccinelíds Harmonia axyrids (Pallas, 1773), Hippodamia convergens (Guérin-Méneville, 1842) and Cycloneda sanguínea. In the surroundind agricultural areas aphids only occurred in sites of predominantly coffee culture, as in the State Park of Furnas do Bom Jesus. In the context of exotic species, we could see that among the 165 species of aphids occurring in Brazil, only 16% have their probable origin in the Neotropical region. The remaining species considered exotic are mainly originary from the Paleartic region (37%), being the import and trade of ornamental plants the mai responsible for the increasing entrance of exotic aphid species in Brazil until 2004. From this year onwards although imports continued to increase, the number of exotic aphids decreased due to greater control and efficacy in preventing entrance of exotic species in the country. The success of exotic aphids in Brazil can be partially attributed to global climate changes and to the degree of importance of host s to the Economy. Therefore researches and the presence of aphidologists at agricultural regions will be of great importance to the recording, early warning and actions regarding exotic invasive species.
Sistemas de gestão integrados em hospitais : estudo de casos e proposição de uma estrutura de orientação para o processo de integração
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-03-02) Rosa, Germano Mendes; Toledo, José Carlos de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9421627326330417; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5211876429898707
There are few hospitals with accredited and/or certified status in Brazil. However, it was observed that a small number of private hospitals has been invested in multiple certification and/or accreditation strategy, cumulating two or more certificates. This unusual condition outbursts on the hypothesis that these hospitals integrate their management systems in some degree, resulting in integrated management systems (SGI). Despite the SGI theory has been covered many manufacturing and service sectors, it is still under development stage and needs more research in healthcare field. This work has performed case studies in four hospitals which have integrated two or more management systems, seeking to identify the integration model, the integration degree, the integration strategy, and the integration maintenance mechanism used. It applied a retrospective multiple case study approach, using a semi-structured interview as main instrument to interview managers in charge of the management systems at the analysis units. All analysis units are in Minas Gerais state and were selected by convenience. The case studies indicated external stimulus as main ground to adopt multiple certification and/or accreditation strategy. As for the management systems integration process, this did not rely straightly on the models proposed by the literature, but it has emerged from the need of rule and integrate crucial disciplines in healthcare (safety, risk management, clinical pharmacy, hospital governance, etc.), which become possible through complementation of different management system standards requirements. It was not recognized any use of structured integration model, but the observed characteristics of the SGIs resembled the theoretical tecnocentric model, the integration degree just achieved the tactical and operational stratums at partial and full integrated levels, respectively. The integration strategy was characterized as mixed in three analysis units and sequential in another one. The maintenance of the SGIs has been performed by the mechanism of assimilation in all the analysis units. At the end, it presents a framework to guide the management system integration process of the standards NBR ISO 9001:2015 and NIAHO based on the model of systems.