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O problema de localização-roteamento em dois níveis com janelas de tempo e múltiplos entregadores
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-03-16)
Gulfo, Juan Sebastián Poveda
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Pureza, Vitória Maria Miranda
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9202201560058916
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4771432941095286
The Vehicle Routing Problem with Time Windows and Multiple Deliverymen (VRPTWMD) is a real-life goods distribution problem that arises in regions with high customer density and where the delivery vehicles face trafic and parking dificulties. Because of these dificulties, the distribution is carried out in two levels; each vehicle travels between groups (clusters) of customers close to each other, and for each cluster, the delivery of the products is performed by the driver and possibly some helpers traveling with the driver and who visit the customers on foot from the vehicle stop location. The use of multiple deliverymen is a practice of companies for reducing service times in the clusters, which in turn allows increasing the number of customers served within working hours. The vast majority of the works on the theme assumes that the vehicles’ parking spots and the subset of customers in each cluster is previously determined and the routing is limited to the first level with service times in the cluster defined according to the number of deliverymen. In this research we incorporate secondleveldecisions into the VRPTWMD, leading to the extension henceforth called Two-echelon Location-Routing Problem with Time Windows and Multiple Deliverymen (2E -LRPTWMD). The 2E-LRPTWMDaims, therefore, to obtain the location, routing and scheduling of vehicle parking spots, the number ofdeliverymen in each vehicle, as well as the assignment, routing and scheduling of customer subsetsserved by the deliverymen in each vehicle from the selected parking spots. These decisions must betaken in order to minimize the total cost to serve all demands. With this objective, we propose amathematical model whose main feature is the consideration of service times of clusters as not onlyexplicitly dependent on the number of deliverymen allocated to the routes, but also on the distances between the selected customers that comprise the clusters. Computational experiments with smallsizedinstances (12 customers) validate the model while a discussion on the model/solution methodbehaviour under diferent scenarios is performed using instances up to 50 customers generated fromthe Solomon (1987)’s examples for the Vehicle Routing Problem with Time Windows. Additionally,we show that the model/method has a better performance when tackling instances based on real datainvolving up to 50 customers.
Organocatálise assimétrica e sistemas vinílogos: adição de 1,3-oxazolina-2-tionas a aldeídos a,b-insaturados
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-03-16)
Matsuo, Bianca Taeko
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Paixão, Márcio Weber
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3773908504964104
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7132413005598347
The use of organic molecules in stereoselective transformations has emerged as a powerful tool for the efficient construction of chiral skeletons and complementing existing methods. Currently, a great variety of reactions using organocatalytic methods (Diels-Alder and cycloadditions in general, Mannich and Michael aldol reactions, epoxidation, α-halogenation, amination, among others) has been developed for the formation of new C-C bonds, being important for the continuous advances of this field of asymmetric catalysis the application of new methodologies, catalysts and substrates. In this work, we explored the reactivity of 1,3-oxazoline-2-thiones scaffolds as Michael donors in organocatalyzed conjugated reactions to a,b-unsaturated aldehydes. By using the Jørgensen organocatalyst it was possible to obtain the functionalized heterocyclic compounds in high yield with ee up to 99% and 9:1 d.r.
Avaliação do papel dos receptores GABAA-benzodiazepínicos da ínsula na nocicepção de camundongos que conviveram com coespecífico em condição de dor crônica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-03-17)
Zaniboni, Caroline Riberti
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Souza, Azair Liane Matos do Canto de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2352004564367849
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4350264853966672
Empathy for pain is the ability to feel other’s pain and recent studies suggest this capacity between rodents. GABAergic system has receptors in brain structures involved in emotional processes as the insula, which is known to play a role in modulation of pain and empathy. The present study investigated the role of Benzodiazepine-GABAA system and insula’s Benzodiazepine-GABAA receptors on social modulation of pain induced by cohabiting with a mouse submitted to a neuropathic pain model. The role of GABA system was assessed by systemic treatment of midazolam (MDZ) (0.5, 1.0, 2.0 mg/kg), a GABAA agonist (Exp. 1) and the role of GABAA receptors of insula by MDZ microinjections (3 and 30 nmol/0.1 μl) in the structure (Exp. 2). Male Swiss mice (n=8-10/group) (Ethics: CEUA/UFSCar N° 47520904) were housed in pairs and after 14 days were divided into two groups: cagemate nerve constriction (CNC), in which one animal of each pair was subjected to sciatic nerve constriction and cagemate sham (CS), one animal from each pair was subjected to the same surgery but without constriction. On Experiment 1, in the 28th day of cohabiting, the observer cagemate, who lived with a CS or CNC, received injections of saline or midazolam (0.5, 1.0 and 2.0 mg/kg, subcutaneous, s.c) and, 30 minutes after, were submitted to the writhing test for 5 minutes to evaluate nociception. In Experiment 2, the protocol was the same, but in 23th day of cohabiting, each observer cagemate was surgically implanted with guide cannula bilaterally in the insula. In the 28th day, the observer cagemate received intra-insula injections of saline or midazolam (3 or 30nmol/0.1 μl) and after 10 minutes was submitted to writhing test. In both experiments, two-way ANOVA followed by post hoc Duncan test revealed that the number of writhes was higher in CNC animals than the CS animals (P < 0.05). In Experiment 1, the higher dose of midazolam (2.0 mg/kg) decreased the number of writhes induced by living with a pair in neuropathic pain (P < 0.05), but this response was not changed by intra-insula midazolam (P < 0.05, Experiment 2). Results suggest that cohabitation in pairs with chronic pain condition induces hypernociception and benzodiazepine-GABAA system is possibly involved in the social modulation of pain, but not mechanisms located within the insula.
Otimização com aprendizado autônomo para programação da produção com sequências de instâncias heterogêneas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-03-17)
Frascati, Giuliano
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Tavares Neto, Roberto Fernandes
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6954662222457389
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2583033883535828
Many scheduling problems, but also in Advanced Planning and Scheduling (APS), are NP-Hard. This project addresses a scheduling problem in a single machine environment with sequence dependent setup times. It is possible to partially outsource the demand restricting that there are no delays for delivering of the orders, aiming to minimize the cost for outsourcing. Evolutionary Algorithms (EA) represent a fast solution strategy for NP-Hard problems. However, researchers in the field of evolutionary computation say that EAs depend significantly on the configuration of their parameters. This work investigates in the scheduling and APS literature, how the authors who develop EAs determines the parameterization and evaluation of their algorithms, also presenting which strategies are suggested as state of the art for automatic tuning of EAs. This thesis states an innovative strategy for automated configuration of EAs, including a new paradigm for optimization in streams of heterogeneous instances called ALO (Autonomous Learning Optimization). This new paradigm aims to solve integratelly an optimization problem and parameterization of the configurable algorithm with an autonomous decision process for detecting heterogeneities within the sequence of instances.
Condições de produção e legitimação da etnomatemática
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-03-17)
Passos, Caroline Mendes dos
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Vilela, Denise Silva
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8155152145332951
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2797810046671958
How to map the research in ethnomathematics in Brazil? This was the initial question and the starting point for the constitution of the present study. To study the conditions of production and legitimization of ethnomathematics as a research area was the main objective pursued. The methodological orientation was situated in the field of sociology from a perspective that inaugurates ways of looking at aspects inherent to mathematical education. In the case of this investigation, we studied ethnomathematics. This is a way of looking, which, in this investigation, takes the sociological perspective proposed by Pierre Bourdieu (1930-2002) as a reference. Bourdieu was a French sociologist known and recognized for his boldness in the choice of objects for analysis, but, more than that, in the way he analyzed them, which took into account the relations, power games, accumulated capitals and alliances that were settled in a space of struggle. This space was characterized by him as the field. From this perspective, we come to understand ethnomathematics as a research issue that is constituted by studies and activities conducted by researchers who are involved with the theme and also as part of a process of constitution that favored its production. Thus, a part of the studies that we conducted involved an analysis of the emergence process of ethnomathematics as a research issue, from a perspective that focused on the historical aspects that favored the emergence of ethnomathematics as a research area and its relevance as a broader way to research mathematical education. Still on this emergence process, we focused on the trajectory of a main agent of this movement - the Brazilian researcher Ubiratan D'Ambrosio. He was an agent who, for the positions he occupies - which are associated with the capital he accumulated in his trajectory -, stood out as an important person in the institution of ethnomathematics as a research issue, introduced the term "ethnomathematics" in the academic setting, and formulated the principles that are the foundation of the area of studies. An agent who, in mobilizing strategies to promote this movement, also promoted his own movement in the field of mathematics. In the other part of our studies, the activities registered by ethnomathematical researchers in their Lattes resumes are understood as those that legitimize ethnomathematics. We considered legitimacy as a process involving production, dissemination, promotion, and circulation, and which constitutes the market where the discourse that establishes ethnomathematics as a practice circulates. A market that is established based on relations between producers and consumers. The processes that involved the production and legitimation of ethnomathematics as a research area were understood as led by the agents and constituted by their activities, which, when recorded in their Lattes resumes, convey what should or should not be understood as ethnomathematical practice. Such practices, considered to be discursive, are those formulated by the producing agents, the intellectual elite of research subjects, the ones who dictate the rules of the game and establish what should or should not be considered ethnomathematics.
Uma análise do story world de Star Wars: A new hope e Star Wars: The force awakens
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-03-17)
Vieira, Antonio Henrique Garcia
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Silva, Marilda da
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0432607332289452
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Andrade, Leonardo Antônio de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3921612856948891
This research aims to analyze the problematic around the canonicity that may have being lost in this new moment of the Star Wars franchise, by means of a comparative analysis between the structures of the film A New Hope (1977) and The Force Awakens (2015). Considering that A New Hope is the cornerstone of the canonicity of the Star Wars franchise; The Force Awakens, it´s a new moment in the franchise. Such a comparison creates a structure between the two narratives in such a way that the result is an excellent source for understanding the contentment and dissatisfaction of the fans, from a comparative point of view and not just perceptions. The comparative analysis was made according to the storytelling structure proposed by Vogler (2006), analysis of structural elements of Transmedial Worlds proposed by Klastrup and Tosca (2004), comparison of tables from the research of Ruiz (2016) and Antell (2016); And finally, a study of the color palette proposed by Hyo Taek Kim; 2015. This research results in a useful document to think about conservation and maintenance of forms of production, in view of canonicity, continuity and storyworld in the transmediation franchise; Besides raising the question of such media structures and their acceptance by the respective market and its consumer.
Augestão: o cotidiano de uma cooperativa de reciclagem em um estudo etnográfico
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-03-17)
Franco, Gabriel Franco
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Saltorato, Patrícia
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4086015205835355
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9210278973297491
The self-management practiced in the current cooperatives lost the grandeur of their origin, when it was treated as government system where the people would be sovereign and the decisions would flow from the bottom up. The cooperative self-management is far from seeking a transformation of society despite preserving the ideal of democracy. Because their fight is limited to enable the workers’ cooperative to manage their own business, although this struggle is of great importance. Considering self-management as an unfinished project, it is necessary to know your daily practice through the organization of work to understand what factors interfere in their development and consolidation. Ethnographic research was chosen as a research method to accomplish this task because it allows this diving in the daily life of the organization. The research was carried out in a waste picker cooperative using ethnographic research and adopting participant observation as the main method of data collection, where the researcher worked as a workers’ cooperative in several activities of the productive sector of the organization. Through the immersion of the researcher in the daily life of the cooperative it was possible to establish a debate on the influence of the practices adopted by the organization of work in the implementation of self-management. The data collected in the participant research were transcribed in a field diary shortly after each working day, were also performed informal interviews and interview by guidelines with key informants of the organization, well beyond the analysis of documents and making photographs. The analysis of the data produced an ethnographic account written in first person, where the influence of work organization on selfmanagement is discussed. It was found that the delegation of the management of the cooperative to an external manager during its creation made it difficult for the administration to be transferred to the own wokers’ cooperative and inhibited politecny by separating the administration of the production. It was also possible to verify that the lack of a rotation policy creates a specialization of functions in the cooperative and weakens the collective of workers. Already the collective ownership of the means of production and the equal division of profits establishes a collective control as a form of work control and educates the cooperative under new values turning it into a more supportive, political and autonomous worker.
Atratores para processos generalizados e aplicações a um problema não autônomo com dinâmica na fronteira
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-03-17)
Samprogna, Rodrigo Antonio
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Moussa, Cláudia Buttarello Gentile
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1295174684198407
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Schiabel, Karina
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2677541143976758
This work is dedicated to the study of the asymptotic behavior of nonautonomous evolution problems without uniqueness of solution. More specifically, to the existence of attractors, in different contexts, for dynamical systems that represent the behavior of such problems. We also consider applications for a class of p-Laplacian nonautonomous problems with dynamical boundary conditons.
Lean Healthcare : avaliação da aplicação do diagrama de espaguete em uma unidade pediátrica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-03-17)
Penha, Heloisa Helena Robles
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Zem-Mascarenhas, Silvia Helena
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0185144417072417
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7831472311287233
Hospitals are confronted with constant waste and activities that do not add value to their daily activities, related to aspects like communication, unnecessary movement of professionals, patients, material, information, besides well-written but useless protocols. To eliminate this waste and seek activities that truly add value in the hospital environment, the objective in this research was to assess the application of the Lean tool called the spaghetti diagram at a pediatric unit of a hospital in the interior of the State of São Paulo, Brazil. The flows were executed to analyze the applicability of the spaghetti diagram related to the best practices in a hospital environment, specifically the pediatric unit. During the research, it was perceived that the Lean spaghetti diagram can be applied in the hospital context, as the tool helps the managers visually to identify the main process improvements through the reorganization of the movements at the work unit, eliminating the waste in this process. It showed to be an effective and low-cost tool for the managers to use, which directly affects the quality of the medical-hospital service.
Construção e aplicação de um jogo de tabuleiro para o ensino de Física
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-03-17)
Favaretto, Danilo Vieira
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Benedetti Filho, Edemar
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5963704923612696
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8338450960037947
The main objective of this work was the elaboration and application of a board game involving physical concepts related to the daily life of the students. The research here points out the importance of using ludic activities to improve students' learning and the exploration of the ability of argumentation, which would not usually be attempt in a traditional classroom. The elaborated product was applied in two classes of the 3rd year of the Secondary School of a private school in the city of Sorocaba. The proposed activity promoted the discussion of physical concepts, associated with group work. It was observed that the interaction between the students and the dialogue were frequent in the classroom when using this methodology, which provided an increase in the interest of the students to learning Physics. Besides that, the more frequent dialogue improved the student-student and student-teacher relations. It is important to emphasize the importance of the interaction between the students in the discussions of the physical concepts and in the construction of the relations between these concepts and their daily activities. In addition to the greater interest of the students in the discipline of Physics, it was possible to observe the development of a critical posture, which has favored the learning in the classroom.
Escala de Metacognição - Sênior : evidências de validade, precisão e normas iniciais para idosos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-03-17)
França, Alex Bacadini
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Schelini, Patrícia Waltz
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6185333517392859
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9529429020135975
Metacognition can be defined as knowledge and cognition about the cognitive phenomenon, referring to thoughts and knowledge that individuals have about their own thoughts and cognitive processes. Two of its basic elements are: the metacognitive knowledge, which involves consciousness about processes and competencies that are necessary for accomplishing certain tasks; and metacognitive monitoring, which includes judging the effectiveness of strategies and establishing new ones. As such, metacognition plays an important role in the daily life of the elderly, influencing social functions, quality of life and self-efficacy. Prior to this project, a scale to evaluate metacognitive skills was developed, focused on metacognitive knowledge and cognitive monitoring, called the Metacognition Scale-Senior (EMETA-S). Additional studies were needed to demonstrated the validity and improve the EMETA-S. The aim of the studies presented here was to improve the first version of this instrument by means of new analyses of validity based on the internal structure, scale precision and relation with other variables such as gender, schooling and age. The temporal stability of the reformulated scale was also investigated. The model found in the Exploratory Factor Analysis was tested by means of a Factorial Confirmatory Analysis, to verify the adjustment to the theoretical model. In addition, a validity analysis based was conducted on the relationship with an external variable (Mini Mental State Examination) Finally, the initial norms for a scale of schooling and age were elaborated. The EMETA-S was constituted of a single factor of 34 items and presented internal consistency measured by Cronbach's alpha of 0.92. There was a statistically significant difference in scores related to: schooling and age. The correlation between EMETA-S and MEEM was r = 0.43, considered good for instruments measuring related constructs. The results demonstrated that the EMETA-S can be considered a promising tool in the evaluation of the elderly.
Pegada hídrica como indicador de sustentabilidade ambiental em sistemas de produção agrícola na Amazônia
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-03-20)
Costa, Douglas Cavalcante
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Martorano, Lucieta Guerreiro
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9712490260615310
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Stolf, Rubismar
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2436951279203355
This research aimed to assess the water footprint as an indicator of environmental sustainability in agricultural production systems in the Amazon. The methodology developed in Holland gained adoption and has been tested in various regions of the planet as a strategy to account for how much water has been used in the production of goods, products, or services. As the Brazilian Amazon holds large freshwater reserves on Earth, this dissertation was structured considering this indicator of water consumptive use as follows. Chapter 1 presents a brief theoretical framework of the methodology and how this knowledge was approached focusing on water footprint (WF) as an indicator based on a logical diagram of agricultural production sustainability in the Amazon. Chapter 2 features a literature survey of the scientific production that applied the water footprint methodology to assess the responsible use of water to offer a given product. The literature survey in Brazilian and international journals between 2006 and 2016 yielded 13,085 papers, but, in Brazil, only 3% of the studies employed WF as an indicator of use of this important natural resource that is water, while four papers were carried out with data on water use in the Brazilian Amazon. Chapter 3 tallied the water footprint in the 2013/2014 harvest year of the most commonly planted soybean (Glycine max) cultivars in the grain center of Paragominas, northeast state of Pará. Pluvial and phenological data of a field experiment of Embrapa were used and agrometeorological assessments were performed during harvest with a sampling unit installed at the soybean experiments carried out by Embrapa at Poderosa farm. The total water footprint in that harvest in Paragominas ranged from 1,015 m3 ton-1 to 1,306 m3 ton-1 . vi Chapter 4 analyzes the temporal dynamics of the water footprint of eight soybean cultivars in the grain center of Santarém, west state of Pará. The evapotranspiration rates were estimated based on the meteorological data available from 2009 to 2014 and on mean phenological data of the cultivars available in the literature for the region, such as China. The mean water footprint estimated for soybean grown in the Santarém/Belterra grain center was lower than the valued obtained by researchers in other countries. For instance, the water footprint was about 30% below the results of that indicator for soybean crops in China. It is worth pointing out that, in the grain center in west Pará, the WF was 5% lower than the values reported in studies on databases of the grain center of Paragominas. Moreover, the soybean grown in Santarém/Belterra has a smaller water footprint than the global average, whose values are 41% higher than those obtained in this research. It is concluded that there are soybean cultivars with great potential to be used in grain crops for their high water use efficiency in a given harvest year. Therefore, the decision to sow one cultivar in the grain centers of the Amazon may be subsidized by the WF values as a strategy to reduce consumptive water use in agriculture due to the high evapotranspiration efficiency with a reduction in green water footprint since it indirectly expresses the high yields of a given cultivar compared to the other cultivars available in the region. It is concluded that WF is an excellent indicator of consumptive water use in the agricultural production systems in the Amazon since, in terms of efficient water use, this indicator expressed lower values compared to the global average
Mentoria para a docência na Educação Infantil: formação on-line e saberes docentes
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-03-20)
Alexandre, Renata Fabiana
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Reali, Aline Maria de Medeiros Rodrigues
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3250195451890332
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4398733848612974
Teaching learning and professional development is a lifelong process. It is a process that involves the personal and professional trajectory of each individual that acts in the school education, be it in the scopes of the public school or of particular educational networks, or in any modality, level, stage of Basic Education or in Higher Education. This process includes the biography and the professional trajectory of each teacher: the student experience; initial training; the beginning, the permanence and the career in the teaching and the action in other school spheres such as the school management, the pedagogical coordination or the continued education of teachers. It includes experiences, learning and built knowledge, which can be mobilized, requested for a new experience or a new learning. This research / intervention of qualitative nature and under the constructive-collaborative research model has as main objectives: to analyze the mobilized knowledge in the process of mentoring and to identify the construction of a knowledge base - specific knowledge to mentoring in Education Child. The research methodology comprised the development and implementation of a continuing education program entitled Online Mentoring Education Program - PFOM. This program had as its main objective the education of experienced teachers who the research methodology as school administrators, pedagogical coordinators or teacher educators to become mentors for beginner teachers in Early Childhood Education and, thus, to minimize the difficulties of this phase of the teaching career. Therefore, the research subjects are school managers, pedagogical coordinators and teacher educators. This research was developed in a Virtual Learning Environment developed for this purpose in the Portal of Teachers of the Federal University of São Carlos (www.portaldosprofessores.ufscar.br). The narratives produced in this environment in some of the virtual training activities and in the records of the face-to-face action of the mentors constituted the corpus of analysis and, under the framework of Tardif (2000, 2003) were analyzed to know, categorize, analyze and systematize knowledge revealed and mobilized by mentors. From this analysis, we collaborate with the discussion about a specific knowledge to mentoring in teaching for Early Childhood Education. Based on the data obtained, we elaborate a set of knowledges, whose repertoire includes specific knowledges when doing pedagogical in Early Childhood Education and general pedagogical knowledge.
Atratores de trajetórias para equações de evolução abstratas e aplicação a uma equação de reação difusão
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-03-20)
Teixeira, Flávia Endsfeldz
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Schiabel, Karina
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2677541143976758
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6936419763778770
The purpose of this work is to study the asymptotic behaviour of abstract autonomous evolution equations. The first part is dedicated to the theory of existence of global attractors for univoque autonomous problems and trajectory attractors for multivoque autonomous problems. After that, we analyse the existence of the trajectory attractor for an autonomous reaction-diffusion equation for which it is not possible to guarantee the uniqueness property.
Representações sociais dos professores de língua portuguesa sobre o ensino gramatical
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-03-20)
Santos, Hermes Talles dos
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Martins, Maria Sílvia Cintra
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9241992645160356
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5472419000112053
In Brazil, grammar teaching has drawn attention from Portuguese language teaching scholars and experts over last decades. However, the guidelines on this teaching are not homogeneous, emphasized either by a more normative grammatical view, which focus only the work with the standard language, or, starting from a Linguistics as Science perspective, which considers and works with students’ non-standard varieties. Moreover, often the grammatical notion, approached by teaching materials or official documents, is not explicit or delimited, which maintains almost the exclusive traditional and normative grammatical perspective continuity in the teaching process. Thus, in most cases, Portuguese teachers in Primary/Secondary Education associate grammar with Traditional and Normative Grammar. Considering also that contemporary Linguistics presuppositions influenced the teaching of Portuguese language, but had not had the same force in relation specifically to grammatical teaching, we aim, with this investigation, at understanding how non-exclusively scientific and academic factors, but institutional, social and even intellectual influences in teaching practice building social representations about what is to teach grammar in the school context. To do this, we recovered grammar studies development since its emergence in Classical Antiquity and analyzed how different language conceptions influenced language teaching. To reach our objectives, we developed a qualitative investigation, with interpretative lens, through notions of the clinical method and artificial participant observation. We collected data from our corpus through comments posted in virtual learning environments by teachers participating in a university extension course offered by us, about grammatical approaches and Portuguese language teaching. In data analysis, we used the Ginzburg’s indiciary paradigm. Our analysis have shown that teachers are aware of their teaching role regarding to standard language teaching and generally begin work on students' knowledge and linguistic varieties. Also they demonstrated the contemporary academic and scientific orientations on grammatical teaching, present in official documents such as the Parâmetros Curriculares Nacionais para a Língua Portuguesa. However, due to a tense work context, strongly influenced by social and institutional issues, they develop grammatical teaching practices, trying on their own way to harmoniously associate traditional and normative notions with contemporary scientific and academic orientations. Also have our analysis shown that teachers are unaware of academic and scientific grammars. Lastly, our research has allowed us to verify that teachers’ social representations influence the grammatical work which they develop, maintaining, to a certain extent, the traditional and normative perspective, although they demonstrate to know contemporary theories and orientations. In addition, we consider that there is a need for a more explicit and delimited grammar presentation or consistent grammatical approaches with contemporary scientific and academic thinking, in official documents and guidelines, so that there would be a change in the Portuguese language teaching in the country.
Correlação entre os resultados de avaliações neuropsicológicas e o desempenho em discriminação condicional com crianças com Transtorno do Espectro do Autismo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-03-20)
Oliveira, Sabrina David de
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Elias, Nassim Chamel
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4216525883778695
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7788544598559668
Neuropsychology is a science that allows one to draw the profile of cognitive impairment and skills preserved in order to design possible treatments and appropriate educational practices, aiming for better quality of life of the individual. Among the cognitive abilities investigated by neuropsychology, executive functions refers to a system that manages the cognitivebehavioral resources, with the purpose of behavior planning and regulation. This study is a correlational basic research aimed to verify whether the results found in neuropsychological evaluations of executive functions in children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) are predictive of or show any correlation with the performance of these children in conditional discrimination via identity matching-to-sample (MTS) tasks. A battery of neuropsychological tests were used to evaluate executive function to identify participants’ existing and missing skills, with possible quantification and qualification of the results. The tests used were Wisconsin, Test Tracks Pre-School, Corsi blocks and Attention Test for Cancellation. A portable microcomputer and the Master computer program were used to present MTS tasks. The participants were 13 children with ASD, aged 4 to 12 years, regularly enrolled in a Special Institution / Regular Education School. The correlations revealed significant associations between neuropsychological tests and MTS tasks performance. In general, it was observed that the lower the performance in Test Wisconsin, more perseverative responses were presented and higher correlation was found with the MTS tasks. It was also observed that the better the performance in the Cancellation and trails tests, better performance on MTS tasks. The attention and cognitive flexibility may be pre-requisites for better performances in MTS tasks. Future research could further explore the MTS tasks for evaluation of cognitive and attentional flexibility and intervention of individuals with ASD. Another possibility is to check whether training with several exemplars of identity MTS would improve performance on neuropsychological tests.
Educação ambiental dialógico-crítica no Pantanal de Mato Grosso : a voz e o silêncio das pescadoras e dos pescadores tradicionais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-03-21)
Souza, Silvano Carmo de
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Logarezzi, Amadeu José Montagnini
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6153358744019882
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5675542907837639
The research of critical-dialogical environmental education was developed in the municipality of Caceres, Pantanal of Mato Grosso. It is work done by many hands, the results of many voices meeting. Fruit of the interaction of workers who have their lives interwoven by the uneasy rhythm of the waters of the Pantanal rivers of Mato Grosso. During approximately 2 years we dialogue with traditional fishermen linked to two entities representing the category: Colony Z-2 and the Association of fishermen of Caceres – Appec. Before entities were affiliated, these people and/or their families had traditionally developed, for decades, fishing for subsistence. Our main objective was to contextualize the artisanal fishing activity in the municipality of Caceres, starting with an egalitarian dialogue with fishermen, in order to simultaneously promote processes of critical dialogic formation with them, especially from and regarding their contexts. To do so, we launched the freirean and haberman theoretical and methodological referential, densely consubstantiated in the critical communicative methodology. In this dialogical diagnostic, analytical revealing and propositional transformative process, we discuss three themes, considered by them and by them as the main ones: a) the practice of artisanal professional fishing; b) participation in the political actions of Colony Z-2 and Appec and in the processes of formulation of public fisheries policies, and c) conservation of fish biodiversity. The results, analyzes and developments of this research are listed in part two of this thesis. There are five articles in which we seek, in addition to retaking in each of them the theoretical and methodological framework that underlies this work, we also discuss the reflections we carry out dialogically with 83 professional fishermen. In the four articles are listed the motives of the lucid voice and the deafening silence that drove our movements during the time we were together. To a large extent, we have identified a growing disposition within the fishing communities for the freiran dialogue. Despite all the violence to which these people have already been and are submitted, the disposition to face the processes of spoliation of rights persists keenly. Therefore, the importance of environmental education research based on values, practices and critical dialogic concepts, since these potentialize the coordination of actions with a view to overcoming the processes of oppression, potentialization as historical subjects, which are also able to read his world and seek his transformation.
Letramento probabilístico : um olhar sobre as situações de aprendizagem do caderno do professor
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-03-21)
Custódio, Leandro Aparecido Alves
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Oliveira, Paulo César
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7516513469811353
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3739412558486803
The aim of this research was to analyze the concept of probability through the diversity of semiotic representation records arranged in the statement of the tasks (learning situations) contained in the second volume of the Teacher's notebook for the second high school series and their possible contributions to the development of probabilistic literacy. The study was based on Raymond Duval's Theory of Semiotic Representations and on the Probabilistic Letters of Iddo Gal. We sought to answer the following research questions: What and how are the records of semiotic representation in the learning situations proposed in the teacher's book? Do such records contribute to the development of probabilistic literacy? In order to fulfill the purposes of our work, we resorted to bibliographical and documentary research and based on our theoretical contributions, we analyzed the content of four learning situations. Among the several records of semiotic representation, the tree diagram was little explored in the proposed tasks. The mobilization and coordination of records of this nature has the function of contributing to the construction of concepts, but in the case of problems of combinatorial analysis, they did not present contributions to the development of probabilistic literacy, due to the absence of internal connections between the basic notions of With the calculation of probabilities.
Equivalência de estímulos e o ensino de habilidades rudimentares de leitura para alunos com autismo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-03-21)
Millan, Ana Elisa
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Postalli, Lidia Maria Marson
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2748282330028870
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5782399662901117
Considering the importance of reading instruction to people with autism, using low-cost strategies that can be applied by the majority of teachers, this study aimed to verify the emergence of relations between printed word and picture, dictated word and printed word and naming words, with the instruction of relations between different stimuli (pitcture – printed word) and between stimulus and response (naming words), using multiple-sample matching-to-sample (MTS) procedure applied with students with autism. In this study, the words taught were previously selected by the researcher. Four students with a previous diagnosis of autism and enrolled in a special school participated of this study. In order to characterize the participants, we used two instruments: the Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS) and the Assessment of Basic Learning Abilities (ABLA). The general procedure was composed of seven steps: 1) familiarization between participants and researcher; 2) identification of preference items; 3) evaluation of behavioral and discriminative repertoires; 4) pre-test to evaluate the general reading repertoire; 5) teaching the first unit composed of nine words; 6) teaching the second unit composed of nine words; and 7) post-test evaluation of the general reading repertoire. A pre and post-test design was used to evaluate the general reading repertoire and a multiple baseline design between blocks of words in each unit. Multiple-sample matching-to-sample procedure was used to teach the relation between pictures and printed words. In this procedure, each student’s attempt was composed of three sample stimuli and three comparison stimuli. The participant should match each of comparison stimuli with the corresponding sample stimulus. Also picture naming relation was taught. Tests assessed the emergence of relations between printed words and pictures, and between dictated words and printed words and naming printed words. Two participants (P1 and P2) required a low number of trials in multiple-sample matching-to-sample (MTS) procedure attempts to achieve the learning criteria of the tasks and presented emergence of relations not directly taught. Another two participants (P3 and P4) had difficulties in achieving the learning criteria of that procedure. For these participants, it was necessary to carry out a remedial educational procedure using the matching-to-sample to teach the relation between dictation and printed word. The results showed that the procedure did not favor the maintenance of the performances taught between dictated word and printed word and allowed the partial emergence of relations between stimuli (picture and printed word, printed word and picture). Future studies should consider the behavioral characteristics of the participants as a resource for teaching planning.
Avaliação físico-química e sensorial de caldo de cana-de-açúcar
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-03-21)
Soares, Eduardo Alessandro
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Verruma-Bernardi, Marta Regina
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3470912236544684
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Borges, Maria Teresa Mendes Ribeiro
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1800048119205212
This study aimed to evaluate the physicochemical and sensory characteristics of sugarcane juice (garapa) of seven varieties RB (Republic of Brazil) and correlate agronomic important aspects for obtaining garapa. The garapas were analyzed for pH, acetic acidity, Brix, Pol purity, color, turbidity and reducing sugars. The sequence of sample testing included the parameters: color, sweet taste, body, flavor and preference. The physicochemical results showed significant differences a higher preference for the RB855453 and RB935744 varieties, with no differences between them (5% statistical probability). In relation to body attributes, sweet taste and preference there was among varieties in pH attributes, acetic acidity, Brix, purity, color, turbidity and reducing sugars. The analyzed varieties were not significantly different for the Pol attribute. Sensory analysis showed that in relation to the color attribute varieties RB855156, RB867515 and RB965917 proved to be lighter. Regarding the flavor attribute there was no significant difference among the varieties. Regarding the agronomic aspects available in the national catalogue of RB varieties, the studied varieties presented satisfactory characteristics in relation to the fiber content, agricultural productivity and harvest season. In addition, most are resistant to the main diseases of the culture.