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Otimização com aprendizado autônomo para programação da produção com sequências de instâncias heterogêneas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-03-17) Frascati, Giuliano; Tavares Neto, Roberto Fernandes; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6954662222457389; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2583033883535828
Many scheduling problems, but also in Advanced Planning and Scheduling (APS), are NP-Hard. This project addresses a scheduling problem in a single machine environment with sequence dependent setup times. It is possible to partially outsource the demand restricting that there are no delays for delivering of the orders, aiming to minimize the cost for outsourcing. Evolutionary Algorithms (EA) represent a fast solution strategy for NP-Hard problems. However, researchers in the field of evolutionary computation say that EAs depend significantly on the configuration of their parameters. This work investigates in the scheduling and APS literature, how the authors who develop EAs determines the parameterization and evaluation of their algorithms, also presenting which strategies are suggested as state of the art for automatic tuning of EAs. This thesis states an innovative strategy for automated configuration of EAs, including a new paradigm for optimization in streams of heterogeneous instances called ALO (Autonomous Learning Optimization). This new paradigm aims to solve integratelly an optimization problem and parameterization of the configurable algorithm with an autonomous decision process for detecting heterogeneities within the sequence of instances.
Avaliação do papel dos receptores GABAA-benzodiazepínicos da ínsula na nocicepção de camundongos que conviveram com coespecífico em condição de dor crônica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-03-17) Zaniboni, Caroline Riberti; Souza, Azair Liane Matos do Canto de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2352004564367849; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4350264853966672
Empathy for pain is the ability to feel other’s pain and recent studies suggest this capacity between rodents. GABAergic system has receptors in brain structures involved in emotional processes as the insula, which is known to play a role in modulation of pain and empathy. The present study investigated the role of Benzodiazepine-GABAA system and insula’s Benzodiazepine-GABAA receptors on social modulation of pain induced by cohabiting with a mouse submitted to a neuropathic pain model. The role of GABA system was assessed by systemic treatment of midazolam (MDZ) (0.5, 1.0, 2.0 mg/kg), a GABAA agonist (Exp. 1) and the role of GABAA receptors of insula by MDZ microinjections (3 and 30 nmol/0.1 μl) in the structure (Exp. 2). Male Swiss mice (n=8-10/group) (Ethics: CEUA/UFSCar N° 47520904) were housed in pairs and after 14 days were divided into two groups: cagemate nerve constriction (CNC), in which one animal of each pair was subjected to sciatic nerve constriction and cagemate sham (CS), one animal from each pair was subjected to the same surgery but without constriction. On Experiment 1, in the 28th day of cohabiting, the observer cagemate, who lived with a CS or CNC, received injections of saline or midazolam (0.5, 1.0 and 2.0 mg/kg, subcutaneous, s.c) and, 30 minutes after, were submitted to the writhing test for 5 minutes to evaluate nociception. In Experiment 2, the protocol was the same, but in 23th day of cohabiting, each observer cagemate was surgically implanted with guide cannula bilaterally in the insula. In the 28th day, the observer cagemate received intra-insula injections of saline or midazolam (3 or 30nmol/0.1 μl) and after 10 minutes was submitted to writhing test. In both experiments, two-way ANOVA followed by post hoc Duncan test revealed that the number of writhes was higher in CNC animals than the CS animals (P < 0.05). In Experiment 1, the higher dose of midazolam (2.0 mg/kg) decreased the number of writhes induced by living with a pair in neuropathic pain (P < 0.05), but this response was not changed by intra-insula midazolam (P < 0.05, Experiment 2). Results suggest that cohabitation in pairs with chronic pain condition induces hypernociception and benzodiazepine-GABAA system is possibly involved in the social modulation of pain, but not mechanisms located within the insula.
Augestão: o cotidiano de uma cooperativa de reciclagem em um estudo etnográfico
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-03-17) Franco, Gabriel Franco; Saltorato, Patrícia; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4086015205835355; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9210278973297491
The self-management practiced in the current cooperatives lost the grandeur of their origin, when it was treated as government system where the people would be sovereign and the decisions would flow from the bottom up. The cooperative self-management is far from seeking a transformation of society despite preserving the ideal of democracy. Because their fight is limited to enable the workers’ cooperative to manage their own business, although this struggle is of great importance. Considering self-management as an unfinished project, it is necessary to know your daily practice through the organization of work to understand what factors interfere in their development and consolidation. Ethnographic research was chosen as a research method to accomplish this task because it allows this diving in the daily life of the organization. The research was carried out in a waste picker cooperative using ethnographic research and adopting participant observation as the main method of data collection, where the researcher worked as a workers’ cooperative in several activities of the productive sector of the organization. Through the immersion of the researcher in the daily life of the cooperative it was possible to establish a debate on the influence of the practices adopted by the organization of work in the implementation of self-management. The data collected in the participant research were transcribed in a field diary shortly after each working day, were also performed informal interviews and interview by guidelines with key informants of the organization, well beyond the analysis of documents and making photographs. The analysis of the data produced an ethnographic account written in first person, where the influence of work organization on selfmanagement is discussed. It was found that the delegation of the management of the cooperative to an external manager during its creation made it difficult for the administration to be transferred to the own wokers’ cooperative and inhibited politecny by separating the administration of the production. It was also possible to verify that the lack of a rotation policy creates a specialization of functions in the cooperative and weakens the collective of workers. Already the collective ownership of the means of production and the equal division of profits establishes a collective control as a form of work control and educates the cooperative under new values turning it into a more supportive, political and autonomous worker.
Atratores para processos generalizados e aplicações a um problema não autônomo com dinâmica na fronteira
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-03-17) Samprogna, Rodrigo Antonio; Moussa, Cláudia Buttarello Gentile; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1295174684198407; Schiabel, Karina; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2677541143976758; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4957079152385362
This work is dedicated to the study of the asymptotic behavior of nonautonomous evolution problems without uniqueness of solution. More specifically, to the existence of attractors, in different contexts, for dynamical systems that represent the behavior of such problems. We also consider applications for a class of p-Laplacian nonautonomous problems with dynamical boundary conditons.
Construção e aplicação de um jogo de tabuleiro para o ensino de Física
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-03-17) Favaretto, Danilo Vieira; Benedetti Filho, Edemar; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5963704923612696; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8338450960037947
The main objective of this work was the elaboration and application of a board game involving physical concepts related to the daily life of the students. The research here points out the importance of using ludic activities to improve students' learning and the exploration of the ability of argumentation, which would not usually be attempt in a traditional classroom. The elaborated product was applied in two classes of the 3rd year of the Secondary School of a private school in the city of Sorocaba. The proposed activity promoted the discussion of physical concepts, associated with group work. It was observed that the interaction between the students and the dialogue were frequent in the classroom when using this methodology, which provided an increase in the interest of the students to learning Physics. Besides that, the more frequent dialogue improved the student-student and student-teacher relations. It is important to emphasize the importance of the interaction between the students in the discussions of the physical concepts and in the construction of the relations between these concepts and their daily activities. In addition to the greater interest of the students in the discipline of Physics, it was possible to observe the development of a critical posture, which has favored the learning in the classroom.
Escala de Metacognição - Sênior : evidências de validade, precisão e normas iniciais para idosos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-03-17) França, Alex Bacadini; Schelini, Patrícia Waltz; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6185333517392859; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9529429020135975
Metacognition can be defined as knowledge and cognition about the cognitive phenomenon, referring to thoughts and knowledge that individuals have about their own thoughts and cognitive processes. Two of its basic elements are: the metacognitive knowledge, which involves consciousness about processes and competencies that are necessary for accomplishing certain tasks; and metacognitive monitoring, which includes judging the effectiveness of strategies and establishing new ones. As such, metacognition plays an important role in the daily life of the elderly, influencing social functions, quality of life and self-efficacy. Prior to this project, a scale to evaluate metacognitive skills was developed, focused on metacognitive knowledge and cognitive monitoring, called the Metacognition Scale-Senior (EMETA-S). Additional studies were needed to demonstrated the validity and improve the EMETA-S. The aim of the studies presented here was to improve the first version of this instrument by means of new analyses of validity based on the internal structure, scale precision and relation with other variables such as gender, schooling and age. The temporal stability of the reformulated scale was also investigated. The model found in the Exploratory Factor Analysis was tested by means of a Factorial Confirmatory Analysis, to verify the adjustment to the theoretical model. In addition, a validity analysis based was conducted on the relationship with an external variable (Mini Mental State Examination) Finally, the initial norms for a scale of schooling and age were elaborated. The EMETA-S was constituted of a single factor of 34 items and presented internal consistency measured by Cronbach's alpha of 0.92. There was a statistically significant difference in scores related to: schooling and age. The correlation between EMETA-S and MEEM was r = 0.43, considered good for instruments measuring related constructs. The results demonstrated that the EMETA-S can be considered a promising tool in the evaluation of the elderly.
Lean Healthcare : avaliação da aplicação do diagrama de espaguete em uma unidade pediátrica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-03-17) Penha, Heloisa Helena Robles; Zem-Mascarenhas, Silvia Helena; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0185144417072417; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7831472311287233
Hospitals are confronted with constant waste and activities that do not add value to their daily activities, related to aspects like communication, unnecessary movement of professionals, patients, material, information, besides well-written but useless protocols. To eliminate this waste and seek activities that truly add value in the hospital environment, the objective in this research was to assess the application of the Lean tool called the spaghetti diagram at a pediatric unit of a hospital in the interior of the State of São Paulo, Brazil. The flows were executed to analyze the applicability of the spaghetti diagram related to the best practices in a hospital environment, specifically the pediatric unit. During the research, it was perceived that the Lean spaghetti diagram can be applied in the hospital context, as the tool helps the managers visually to identify the main process improvements through the reorganization of the movements at the work unit, eliminating the waste in this process. It showed to be an effective and low-cost tool for the managers to use, which directly affects the quality of the medical-hospital service.
Condições de produção e legitimação da etnomatemática
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-03-17) Passos, Caroline Mendes dos; Vilela, Denise Silva; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8155152145332951; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2797810046671958
How to map the research in ethnomathematics in Brazil? This was the initial question and the starting point for the constitution of the present study. To study the conditions of production and legitimization of ethnomathematics as a research area was the main objective pursued. The methodological orientation was situated in the field of sociology from a perspective that inaugurates ways of looking at aspects inherent to mathematical education. In the case of this investigation, we studied ethnomathematics. This is a way of looking, which, in this investigation, takes the sociological perspective proposed by Pierre Bourdieu (1930-2002) as a reference. Bourdieu was a French sociologist known and recognized for his boldness in the choice of objects for analysis, but, more than that, in the way he analyzed them, which took into account the relations, power games, accumulated capitals and alliances that were settled in a space of struggle. This space was characterized by him as the field. From this perspective, we come to understand ethnomathematics as a research issue that is constituted by studies and activities conducted by researchers who are involved with the theme and also as part of a process of constitution that favored its production. Thus, a part of the studies that we conducted involved an analysis of the emergence process of ethnomathematics as a research issue, from a perspective that focused on the historical aspects that favored the emergence of ethnomathematics as a research area and its relevance as a broader way to research mathematical education. Still on this emergence process, we focused on the trajectory of a main agent of this movement - the Brazilian researcher Ubiratan D'Ambrosio. He was an agent who, for the positions he occupies - which are associated with the capital he accumulated in his trajectory -, stood out as an important person in the institution of ethnomathematics as a research issue, introduced the term "ethnomathematics" in the academic setting, and formulated the principles that are the foundation of the area of studies. An agent who, in mobilizing strategies to promote this movement, also promoted his own movement in the field of mathematics. In the other part of our studies, the activities registered by ethnomathematical researchers in their Lattes resumes are understood as those that legitimize ethnomathematics. We considered legitimacy as a process involving production, dissemination, promotion, and circulation, and which constitutes the market where the discourse that establishes ethnomathematics as a practice circulates. A market that is established based on relations between producers and consumers. The processes that involved the production and legitimation of ethnomathematics as a research area were understood as led by the agents and constituted by their activities, which, when recorded in their Lattes resumes, convey what should or should not be understood as ethnomathematical practice. Such practices, considered to be discursive, are those formulated by the producing agents, the intellectual elite of research subjects, the ones who dictate the rules of the game and establish what should or should not be considered ethnomathematics.
Uma análise do story world de Star Wars: A new hope e Star Wars: The force awakens
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-03-17) Vieira, Antonio Henrique Garcia; Silva, Marilda da; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0432607332289452; Andrade, Leonardo Antônio de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3921612856948891; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1489830266785249
This research aims to analyze the problematic around the canonicity that may have being lost in this new moment of the Star Wars franchise, by means of a comparative analysis between the structures of the film A New Hope (1977) and The Force Awakens (2015). Considering that A New Hope is the cornerstone of the canonicity of the Star Wars franchise; The Force Awakens, it´s a new moment in the franchise. Such a comparison creates a structure between the two narratives in such a way that the result is an excellent source for understanding the contentment and dissatisfaction of the fans, from a comparative point of view and not just perceptions. The comparative analysis was made according to the storytelling structure proposed by Vogler (2006), analysis of structural elements of Transmedial Worlds proposed by Klastrup and Tosca (2004), comparison of tables from the research of Ruiz (2016) and Antell (2016); And finally, a study of the color palette proposed by Hyo Taek Kim; 2015. This research results in a useful document to think about conservation and maintenance of forms of production, in view of canonicity, continuity and storyworld in the transmediation franchise; Besides raising the question of such media structures and their acceptance by the respective market and its consumer.