Browsing by Issue Date, starting with "2017-04-12"

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Efeitos de nanodoses do inseticida tiametoxam para a abelha Melipona scutellaris Latreille, 1811 (Hymenoptera, Apidae): da absorção ao orgão alvo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-04-12)
Grella, Tatiane Caroline
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Nocelli, Roberta Cornélio Ferreira
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8934724759636382
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7075958229722933
The Brazilian bees are responsible for pollinating about 40-90% of native plants according to the ecosystem. Among the species found in Brazil is Melipona scutellaris, eussocial, able to perform pollination by vibration. However, bee populations have been affected by the use of pesticides, such as thiamethoxam, a neonicotinoid and systemic insecticide, that is, its target organ is the brain and it can reach nectar and pollen through the sap of the plant. When the resources are ingested, the active ingredient first comes into contact with the intestine, the organ responsible for digestion and absorption, and then passes into the hemolymph, reaching the Malpighi tubules responsible for their filtration and excretion, as well as the brain, organ target. Due to the importance of understanding the metabolic pathway of this compound, the objective of this work was to evaluate the effects of nanodoses of the insecticide thiamethoxam in the intestine, Malpighi tubules and the brain of M. scutellaris forages. For this, the bees were collected directly from the colonies and exposed, orally, to sublethal doses of thiamethoxam, LC50 = 0.0453 ng i.a./μL diet; LC50 / 10 = 0.00453 ng i.a./μL diet and LC50 / 100 = 0.000453 ng i.a./μL diet. Then, they were dissected after the start of the exposure times, 1, 4, 8 and 24h, and subjected to the Hematoxylin and Eosin (HE), HSP90 (Thermal Shock Protein) and Tunel (Cell Death Detection Kit) techniques. Through the HE technique it was possible to observe that the higher concentrations caused alterations in the cellular morphology in the three studied organs, such as increased cellular elimination, strongly stained nuclei, loss of cytoplasmic material and chromatin condensation. The HSP90 technique showed an increase in the expression of the heat shock protein according to the increase in concentration at certain times and a balance in its production between the three organs, that is, when the production increases in one organ it decreases in the Other, except for the analysis of the results for the highest concentration, of the longer time in the target organ, which suffered a fall, which may indicate cellular death, which was not evidenced by the Tunel technique in any organ. Thus, we conclude that nanodoses of the insecticide thiamethoxam cause morphological damage, increase the expression of heat shock proteins and can lead to death
Comparing two populations using Bayesian Fourier series density estimation
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-04-12)
Inacio, Marco Henrique de Almeida
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Izbicki, Rafael
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9991192137633896
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1931901020027887
Given two samples from two populations, one could ask how similar the populations are, that is, how close their probability distributions are. For absolutely continuous distributions, one way to measure the proximity of such populations is to use a measure of distance (metric) between the probability density functions (which are unknown given that only samples are observed). In this work, we work with the integrated squared distance as metric. To measure the uncertainty of the squared integrated distance, we first model the uncertainty of each of the probability density functions using a nonparametric Bayesian method. The method consists of estimating the probability density function f (or its logarithm) using Fourier series {f0;f1; :::;fI}. Assigning a prior distribution to f is then equivalent to assigning a prior distribution to the coefficients of this series. We used the prior suggested by Scricciolo (2006) (sieve prior), which not only places a prior on such coefficients, but also on I itself, so that in reality we work with a Bayesian mixture of finite dimensional models. To obtain posterior samples of such mixture, we marginalize out the discrete model index parameter I and use a statistical software called Stan. We conclude that the Bayesian Fourier series method has good performance when compared to kernel density estimation, although both methods often have problems in the estimation of the probability density function near the boundaries. Lastly, we showed how the methodology of Fourier series can be used to access the uncertainty regarding the similarity of two samples. In particular, we applied this method to dataset of patients with Alzheimer.
Avaliação da qualidade de vida de indivíduos com carcinoma bem diferenciado de tireoide através do WHOQOL-100
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-04-12)
Furino, Fernanda de Oliveira
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Germano, Carla Maria Ramos
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1685750854841732
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1320368622089246
Background: Quality of life (QoL) is a broad construct that encompasses multidimensionality and subjectivity in its definition. This evaluation is being used in the oncological area. Thyroid carcinoma (TC) is one of the types of head and neck carcinomas that affect QoL. The differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC) subtype comprises most cases. Total thyroidectomy is the chosen surgery in cases of DTC and some benign thyroid pathology. DTC treatment includes, in addition to surgery, radioiodine therapy and suppressive doses of levothyroxine. Although it is a carcinoma with an excellent prognosis, the impact of the diagnosis, the complexity of the treatment, clinical follow-up and the risk of recurrence may lead negative impacts on QoL. Objective: To evaluate the QoL of patients treated of DTC using the WHOQOL-100 questionnaire. Methodology: This study had a quantitative, descriptive cross-sectional design. 300 individuals were evaluated and divided into the following groups: thyroid carcinoma (CaT), benign pathologies (PB) and control (C). Their QoL was measured using the WHOQOL-100 self-administered instrument. In the descriptive analysis, the categorical data were represented in absolute and relative frequencies and the numerical ones in average, standard deviation and standard error. The differences between averages of the quantitative variables were evaluated using the Kruskal-Wallis test and Dunn post-test, with a significance of 5%. Statistical analysis was performed using GraphPad prism 5® software. The evaluation of the interaction between the variables was conducted through stratified and multivariate analyzes (multiple correlation). The value of the regression parameter was defined as > 0.3 indicating a significant correlation value. Results: The domains that presented significantly reduced scores in CaT ≤ 45 years individuals were: physical health (p = 0.0115) in relation to group C; level of independence (p <0.0001) in relation to group C; The domain that presented a significantly increased score in CaT subjects ≤ 45 years was: environmental (p = 0.0064) in relation to groups C and PB. In the age range > 45 years, the domains that presented a significantly increased score in the CaT group were: environment (p = 0.0003) in relation to group C; Global QoL (p = 0.0129) in relation to group C. There were no significant differences in the psychological, social relations and spirituality domains between the groups. These results add to the existing literature new and recent knowledge about QoL in DTC patients, such as the finding of improvement in overall QoL in patients with DTC > 45 years; negative repercussion of the DTC on the physical health and level of independence domains in younger patients; importance of spirituality in Brazilian culture; higher scores in the environment domain in all ages of the individuals with DTC, which may reflect the success of programs designed to provide social and financial support to these patients. Discussion and conclusion: The adoption of some of the measures which may have important repercussions for the clinical practice are: actions that improve the patients' daily life should be adopted, such as the stimulating the practice of physical activity, follow-up and psychological support throughout the treatment for patients and their families, providing appropriate guidelines on the DTC and its treatment, as well as health promotion and awareness initiatives on DTC for the general population, individualized and agreed upon treatment with all the actors involved in patient care and provide adequate orientation about the rights of the patient with DTC, in order to ensure these individuals the opportunity to enjoy all the benefits guaranteed by Brazilian legislation.
Formação continuada na perspectiva colaborativa: subsídios para inclusão nas aulas de educação física
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-04-13)
Oliveira, Ana Carolina Santana de
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Costa, Maria da Piedade Resende da
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2791098416503955
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1388052886677601
With the implementation of public policies related to school inclusion, particularly those targeted at the public of special education (PSE), number of students with special educational needs (SEN) enrolled in common classes’ increases. Physical Education, as a compulsory curricular component in Basic Education since the implementation of the National Education Guidelines Law (NEGL) in 1996, cannot fail to meet this student, especially those in a situation of inclusion in the regular classes, being one of the promoters within the daily school life with regard to conviviality and learning in diversity. From this perspective, several studies suggest the professional unpreparedness of teachers in relation to educational inclusion, either because they do not know how to deal with the deficiencies, or even because they are afraid to deal with the specificities of the students. Such professional unpreparedness is due to initial training or lack of continuing training, according to some recent research. Through this panorama, this research was based on collaborative teaching, which achieved promising results in promoting the inclusion of students with disabilities. Thus, the general objective of this research was to implement and evaluate a training program by means of collaboration for physical education teachers of regular schools in a medium-sized municipality in the interior of the state of Bahia. It was of the qualitative type that allows the deepening of a certain situation and direct contact of the researcher with the situation being investigated. After approval by the ethics committee, a survey was made of the existing schools in the municipality and according to the criteria established for inclusion in the survey, 14 schools were left 2 (one public and one private) that were selected. In these schools, 3 teachers with 5 PSE students were also selected. To carry out the training program, the research consisted of 3 stages. After the instruments were applied (interviews and questionnaire), six categories of analysis were obtained. Each category was analyzed qualitatively. As results achieved, the program was evaluated positively by teachers, understanding the importance of collaboration in their classes; and they have been able to understand that methodological modifications and adjustments are necessary for the effectiveness of school inclusion and that continuing education is necessary for pedagogical practices to be revised and modified towards the participation of all students. Collaborative work can achieve more positive results than if done individually, as long as there is involvement of all who directly benefit from this proposal, students and teachers. From the results achieved, it was possible to conclude that the participating teachers perceived the collaboration as positive, contributing significantly to overcome the challenges inherent in the practice of Physical Education, learning and participation of children with disabilities.
Papel do cortex pré-frontal medial no comportamento defensivo de camundongos : avaliação farmacológica da lateralização funcional
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-04-13)
Costa, Nathália Santos
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Souza, Ricardo Luiz Nunes de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2475842684688693
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0883202854043423
Stressful situations are risk factors to the development of neuropsychiatric diseases, as anxiety disorders. However, not everyone who experiences stressful events develops stress-related illness. That is due to the existence of differences in the ability to adapt to stress, that is, the manifestation of susceptibility or resilience phenotypes. The search for understanding neural systems involved to these differences has evidenced an important role of the medial Prefrontal Cortex (mPFC), and, recently, its functional lateralization has been highlighted. In this sense, the right mPFC (RmPFC) seems to modulate anxiogenic-like responses, while the left mPFC (LmPFC) would attenuate such responses, thereby facilitating animals to cope with threatening situations. If so, LmPFC inhibition would intensify ansiogenic-like behavior front to aversive stimuli. Under this hypothesis, one of the goals of the present study was to investigate whether the inhibition of the LmPFC could modulate the effect of two types of stress (the restraint and the social defeat) on anxiety. Yet, we also aimed to investigate whether NMDA-glutamate receptor would be involved to the anxiogenic-like effect induced by nitrergic activation of the RmPFC, given the anxiogenic potential of glutamate and the interaction already known between these neurotransmissions. To reach that, experiments were carried out (1) to characterize the effects of social defeat and restraint stress on animals exposed to elevated plus maze (EPM) 5 minutes or 24 hours later; (2) to evaluate the effects of restraint or social defeat combined to the synaptic inactivation (through nonspecific inhibitor, CoCl2) of the LmPFC on the defensive behavior of mice exposed to EPM 24 h after stress; (3) to investigate the effects of NMDA receptor antagonism and (4) the effect of that antagonism on anxiogenic-like effects induced by NO donor. The results showed that both restraint and defeat stress are anxiogenic at 5 minutes, but defeated mice do not display anxiety 24 h after stress. Furthermore, the synaptic inhibition produced a clear anxiogenic-like effect in defeated (but not restrained) mice. In addition, the blockade of NMDA receptors produced anxiolytic-like effects and reversed the anxiogenic effect induced by NO injection into the RmPFC. Taken together, these results corroborate previous studies demonstrating the functional lateralization of the mPFC, in which the right and left hemispheres seem to have distinct roles in the modulation of aversive events.
A região A5 e o controle respiratório durante o desenvolvimento
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-04-13)
Taxini, Camila Linhares
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Funk, Gregory Douglas
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5940547908075562
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Batalhão, Luciane Helena Gargaglioni
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5850453468994497
The noradrenergic group A5 is located in the ventrolateral pons and contributes to the maturation of the respiratory system before birth in rats. These neurons are connected to the neural network responsible for respiratory rhythmogenesis. In the present study, we investigated: (1) the influence of the activation of noradrenergic neurons of the A5 region, via purinergic receptors, on the phrenic nerve activity by using in vitro preparations; (2) the participation of A5 noradrenergic neurons in neonates (P7-8 and P14-15) in the control of ventilation during hypoxia and hypercapnia in in vivo experiments by using chemical lesion with anti-dopamine-beta hydroxylase saporin (Anti-DBH-Sap); (3) the involvement of noradrenergic neurons of the A5 region in phrenic and sympathetic nerve activity during the activation of central and peripheral chemoreflex in juvenile rats in in situ preparation using Anti-DBH-Sap into A5 region. Activation of purinergic receptors in noradrenergic neurons of the A5 region by ATP (10 mM) decreased phrenic activity (C4), a reversible effect by applying the purinergic antagonist (Suramin, 10 μM). In vivo and in situ experiments, lesion of the noradrenergic neurons of the A5 region did not promote alteration of resting ventilatory parameters and during hypoxia and hypercapnia, but the sympatho-excitation elicited by either the stimulation of peripheral or central chemoreceptors was attenuated in A5-lesioned rats. Thus, our data suggest that ATP acting in the A5 region reduces respiratory activity after birth, via activation of purinergic receptors. However, from P7, noradrenergic neurons of the A5 region do not participate in the control of ventilation at baseline, or at the central and peripheral chemoreflex. Additionally, the noradrenergic neurons of the A5 region are part of the circuits recruited for the processing of the sympathetic response to the activation of central and peripheral chemoreceptors in unanesthetized juvenile rats.
Irrigação subsuperficial deficitária no cultivo de tomateiro em casa de vegetação
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-04-17)
Mendonça, Thaís Grandizoli
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Boschi, Raquel Stucchi
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5774095142035730
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Souza, Claudinei Fonseca
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4858219292242433
The tomato is a demanding crop in regards to water and is among the most consumed vegetables in Brazil. The search for alternatives to improve tomato productivity, as well as reduce the water use in the crop cycle, is essential for agricultural production and environment. The objectives of this work were to evaluate the contribution of subsurface drip irrigation to yield and fruit quality of Grape tomatoes and to estimate the water use efficiency (EUA). The experiment was carried out in the CCA / UFSCar and consisted of three treatments with four randomized blocks. Irrigation management considered the storage soil water capacity (CAD), the soil moisture being high according to the water content reference of the treatment, 0.33 (T1), 0.29 (T2) and 0.25 m3 m-3 (T3), corresponding to 100 % replacement of CAD, and deficit irrigations of 75 and 50 % of CAD, respectively. Water content was monitored by TDR probes and the roots depth obtained through a root images scanner. The Grape tomatoes were transplanted under drip lines installed at 0.20 m depth. Quantitative and qualitative characteristics of the fruits were evaluated in relation to the proposed treatments, being: fruits number per plant, average fruit mass and productivity, quantitative characteristics and; Diameter, length, soluble solids, fruit pH and dry mass of leaves and stem, qualitative characteristics. The total water applied was 1297 mm in T1, 471 mm in T2 (36 % of water applied in T1) and 234 mm in T3 (18 % of T1). Among the characteristics evaluated, the T2 did not differ from the T1 treatment, except in the diameter and pH. The T3 treatment was equal to T1 only in the fruits number per plant. The average fruit mass was different among all treatments and there was no difference between soluble solids values. The T3 treatment obtained higher EUA, followed by T2 and T1, but did not have higher productivity nor better results in other evaluated attributes. Deficit subsurface irrigation of 75 % of CAD did not interfere in Grape tomato productivity and fruit quality, being the most recommended because of qualitative and quantitative attributes similar to full irrigation and to increase the EUA. It is concluded that deficit subsurface irrigation had productivity and fruit quality of Grape tomatoes like full irrigation when used 75 % of CAD, increased the water use efficiency and contributed with water use reduction in crop cycle.
Inclusão de diversidade em consultas aos vizinhos mais próximos usando descritores distintos para similaridade e diversidade
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-04-18)
Cardoso, Ana Claudia
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Bueno, Renato
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7189857417959804
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3010740496718338
One of the ways to recover images in a database is through similarity queries. Using characteristics extracted from these images, such as color, shape or texture, this work seeks to identify similarities to a central query element. However, the results may be very similar to each other, which is not always the expected result. In addition to the redundancy in the results, the problem of the ’semantic gap’, which is a divergence in the evaluation of similarity between images performed by the computer considering its numerical representation (low level characteristics) and the human perception about the image (high level characteristics). In order to improve the quality of the results, we sought to minimize the issue of redundancy and the ’semantic gap’ through the use of more than one descriptor in queries for similarity. We sought to explore the inclusion of diversity using one descriptor to treat similarity and another descriptor to treat diversity, more generally a metric space for similarity and another for diversity. For the implementation of the query by similarity was used the consultation to several neighbors closer. Considering that the descriptors may be distinct and one of them may have greater numerical representativeness, it was necessary to do the normalization, considering the methods of normalization by the greater distance and normalization by the greater approximate distance with balancing by the intrinsic dimension. An exhaustive search algorithm was used to perform the tests. The experiments were carried out in a classified database. To evaluate the semantic quality of the results, a measure was proposed that evaluates the inclusion of diversity considering the diversity present in the query only considering the similarity and the maximum diversity that can be included. A comparison was made between the result obtained and the considered ideal, which refers to the value of l defined by the user himself. By comparing the results obtained with the results obtained in the queries for a single descriptor, the evaluation of the included diversity followed the trend of l, which allows to say that normalization and balancing is necessary. In addition, it is intended in the future to study new ways of normalizing.
Qualidade microbiológica, físico-química, instrumental e sensorial de marcas de açúcares mascavo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-04-19)
Silva, Rodrigo França da
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Verruma-Bernardi, Marta Regina
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3470912236544684
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6811323057959894
The present work aimed to evaluate the microbiological, physical-chemical, instrumental and sensory quality of brown sugar brands in order to produce data on the identity of this product. We analyzed 15 brands, obtained in supermarkets and stores of integral products of the region of Araras - SP. For microbiological analysis, the aim was to analyze the mesophilic bacteria, molds and yeasts, as well as Salmonella and total coliforms. It was also evaluated aspects of moisture and water activity, as well as polarization, ashes, reducing sugars, total reducing sugars and pH. We also sought to evaluate the preference and difference terms of the brands, using the sensorial analysis. Four of the brands studied were above international standards for mesophilic bacteria. All brands show compliance how much total coliforms and Salmonella evaluated. The analyzes of moisture and water activity ranged from 0.74 to 4.36%, and from 0.55 to 0.72, respectively. In terms of polarization the marks varied from 84.00 to 96.50 ° S, for ash the variation was between 0.33 and 2.65%, in relation to the reducing sugars the values were between 4.90 and 6.00 and From 5.50 to 8.40 for pH. For total reducing sugars, a change from 75.38 to 92.30% was observed. After analysis, the results indicated that the brands differed in the majority of the sensorial attributes studied, as well as a greater tendency in preference for the brand that presented characteristics aimed at a lighter coloration, less moist appearance and a more granular texture. Studies with these characteristics present themselves in a relevant way, as it characterizes the product in the search for real standardization, bringing information to both consumers and producers, thus moving towards product identity.
Invariantes de germes de aplicações
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-04-19)
Ament, Daiane Alice Henrique
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Nuño Ballesteros, Juan José
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Tomazella, João Nivaldo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0051564735964760
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0444070739009629
In this work, we show relations between invariants of map germs. First, we consider an analytic function germ f : (X, 0) —(C, 0) on an isolated determinantal singularity and we present a relation between the Euler obstruction of f and the determinantal Milnor number of f. In the particular case where (X, 0) is an isolated complete intersection singularity, we obtain a simple way to calculate the Euler obstruction of f as the difference between the dimension of two algebras. After, we work with map germs f : (X, 0) —— (C2, 0), where (X, 0) is a plane curve with isolated singularity. We introduce the image Milnor number to these map germs and we present a positive answer to the Mond’s conjecture in this context. The Mond’s conjecture proposes an inequality between two other invariants, the A^-codimension and the image Milnor number, in the case of map germs f : (Cn, 0) —(Cn+1, 0) when the dimensions (n,n + 1) is in Mather’s nice dimensions. The conjecture is true for n = 1, 2, and for the cases n > 3 is an open problem.
Avaliação e caracterização de lignina em biomassa de Citrus sinensis L. Osberck
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-04-20)
Porto, Deyvid de Souza
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Silva, Maria Fátima das Graças Fernandes da
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0457632122660653
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2541704960428633
The large production of citrus residue has promoted problems in its processing and cultivation, resulting in biomass storage and environment pollution. It is estimated that 94 million tons of citrus are produced worldwide and 15.6 million residues are generated per year. Brazil has an important participation, due to the country is a world leader in the production of fruit and orange juice. Citrus biomass presents an extensive chemical diversity such as pectin, d-limonene, flavonoids and lignin, being an interesting object of study. Structural polymer present in the plant cell wall, the lignin has been used in phenolic resins, bioplastics and nanoencapsulation, for example. The fact that lignin presents as a valuable renewable raw material for the Brazilian chemical industry, the large amount of stored orange wood and the scarce literature about lignin in Citrus sinenses motived the present study. The study consisted in extracting lignin from stem, central root and secondary root from orange tree, using the TAPPI standard method, characterize lignin by Infrared (IR), Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR), Elemental Analysis and Termical Analysis. The lignin contents for extractive-free orange samples were 19.80 % in the stem, 21.74% in the central root, 19.39% in the secondary root and 1,13% in the orange bagasse. The greatest amount of lignin in the orange tree was found in central root, responsible for the support of the structure of the plant, following the secondary root and the stem. The lignins from the different portions of the orange tree wood extraction by TAPPI T264 cm-97, presented low solubility in organic solvents, due to their compaction and folding that was confirmed by 13CNMR in solid state, DSC and TGA. The IR and NMR confirmed the characteristic lignin bands and the siryngil (1326 and 1115 cm-1) and guiacyl (1220 cm-1) monomers, which are found in hardwood type. Holocellulose contents found for samples of Orange bagasse (70.10%), stem (77.82%), central root (78.86) and secondary root (76.66%) extractive-free presented the expected content. The lignins from stem, central and secondary roots of orange tree wood obtained by alkaline pulping were soluble in organic solvent, as well as characteristic lignin signals for IV and NMR. The average yield between 20-24%, the solubility and the characteristics found in the MEV analysis of lignins obtained by alkaline pulping, are of interest for aplication these polymer in the encapsulation of substances and in Thermosets Composite.
Repercussões biopsicossociais de uma capacitação em atividades físicas em uma Unidade de Saúde da Família de São Carlos / SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-04-20)
Melinski, Anita de Cássia
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Duarte, Ana Cláudia Garcia de Oliveira
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1996950253264696
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6957331799444487
The Family Health Strategy (ESF) aims to change the assistance standard, which is marked by curative actions, to a new way to offer care with emphasis in health promotion and prevention. However, physical activity, which is an essential component of these actions, is not always a common knowledge among the minimum ESF team. Therefore, with the implementation of the Support Nucleus to the Family Health Strategy, the Physical Education professional start to play a relevant role in general health practices, who is indicated to be present in the support team to the Family Health Unity (USF). This professional would provide the support to physical activity practices (PCAF), including for the other members of the team, since workplace expose the professionals to high levels of stress, which may affect negatively their performance. Nevertheless, until the present moment, literature regarding the long-term repercussions of an educational training to USF professionals were not found. The aim of this study was to analyse the three-year repercussions of physical-activity educational training offered to several professionals by a physical education professional in aspects related to physical activity in health and affectivity among professionals in an USF. This was a exploratory qualitative study. Nine USF professionals who had participated in a physical activity educational training were selected through multiple-types deliberated sampling. Semi-structured interviews were conducted three years after the end of the educational training. Content analysis was used to interpret the data, supported by caring the carer theoretical referential, which allowed the identification and comprehension of the repercussions due to the educational training. Professional health (physical, psychological and physiological) and affectivity (team union) were identified repercussions. The educational training conducted by a Physical Education professional lead to health and affectivity repercussions in professionals even after three years of the end of the proposal.
Compósitos nanoestruturados baseados em polímero condutor/cerâmica como plataforma sensorial para detecção de gás amônia
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-04-20)
Andre, Rafaela da Silveira
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Mattoso, Luiz Henrique Capparelli
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5839043594908917
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4843978824084924
The development of novel nanostructured platforms for application as gas sensor has intensified over the last few decades. In this scenario, it is worth mentioning the importance of monitoring ammonia gas in poultry farms. Such environments are rich in ammonia, carbon monoxide, hydrogen sulfide, and organic matter arising from the poultry waste decomposition, which remain in the air as bioaerosol. Ammonia, which is produced by the microbial degradation of uric acid present in the poultry waste, causes significant economic losses to poultry farmers and is harmful to the workers. Although some studies found in the literature present sensors capable to detect low concentrations of ammonia, it is still necessary to optimize these devices in order to improve their performance in terms of the sensitivity, limit of detection (LOD) and reliability. Thus, the present thesis aims to contribute to the development of sensors with high sensitivity and low LOD for detecting ammonia through the study of different nanostructured platforms. Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles were obtained through the optimization of the synthesis and treatment parameters using conventional hydrothermal method, while polymeric nanofibers were produced by electrospinning technique. Both techniques allowed to produce nanostructured platforms by a combination of ZnO nanoparticles and conjugated polymers in the form of fibers, film and coating architecture. The sensitivity and performance of such platforms were evaluated against different concentrations of ammonia aiming to understand the heterojunction influence among the materials on the performance of the platforms as an ammonia sensor at room temperature. Both the ZnO nanoparticles and the composite platforms developed in this work had their structural, morphological and electrical properties studied in detail. Synthesis parameters as well as the platforms deposition parameters were optimized for attaining superior electrical and morphological properties that improved the sensor performance regarding ammonia detection. Sensing tests were carried out against different concentrations of ammonia under controlled atmosphere confirming the best performance of the composite materials when compared to their constituents separately. In this context, the influence of the platform composition, as well as materials structural conformation were evaluated to help to understand the electrical properties and detection mechanisms.
Rastros e memórias : etnografia dos vaqueiros do sertão (Floresta – PE)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-04-20)
Pereira, Renan Martins
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Villela, Jorge Luiz Mattar
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8301325600502054
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1014932306220496
This dissertation is about the vaqueiros (cowboys) of the municipality of Floresta, sertão of Pernambuco (hinterland), Brazilian northeast, where I conducted my fieldwork from February to May 2016. It is an ethnography about the disputed position of being a vaqueiro, since perspectives that, far from considering it an historical resistance, covered by regionalism and traditionalism, demonstrate the ways in which, nowadays, many vaqueiros are vaqueiros without being true. It means to say that not everyone is in fact vaqueiros, vaqueiros mesmo, in other words, the real ones. In the face of these contradictions and evaluations, I divided the ethnography into three chapters. In the first, I bring a methodological discussion about how my friends characterized what should be, according to them, my analytical object par excellence. In this case, the real cowboy, original and authentic. Afterward, I will discuss some local strategies whose proposal is to turn the category vaqueiro in something essential. Then, I will see how it simultaneously multiply the same category in unexpected ways, in ways that couldn’t one day be imagined. For this reason, the second chapter analyzes how some interlocutors specifically innovate their relationships with the herd, the drought and the past. In the third and last, memory became the central theme of the discussion. According to my arguments, being a vaqueiro gains new senses in the present, taking into account the knowledge of wise storytellers, whose memories glorify them as more cowboys than others, because they lived in old times, the revered past. At the end of the same chapter, it is the human-animal relationships that gain prominence, in the context of the pegas de boi no mato or vaquejada. My contribution is that, in addition to being disputed and prestigious, being a vaqueiro is also an inventive and procedural position. In this sense, the category in question gains a plastic nature in my ethnographic analysis, whose proposal is to understand that there isn’t only the prospect of the end – that the vaqueiros are disappearing or being transformed into something other than the masters of ancient times – but also the actual perspectives of some cowboys who, in turn, do not consider themselves deserters of what they conventionally call tradition, understood as the resource of memory in which are drawn the traits that equate, and at the same time, differentiate all of them from whom is more true, given the uncertainties of being a vaqueiro in the future.
Diversidade de invertebrados terrestres em cavernas areníticas do estado de São Paulo, com ênfase em Pseudonannolenidae (Diplopoda : spirostreptida)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-04-25)
Gallo, Jéssica Scaglione
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Bichuette, Maria Elina
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8453043393798516
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4426116556359881
The subterranean fauna from Brazil is the best studied in South America, and most of the publications come from caves in limestone rocks. However, the national territory also includes areas of quartzite rocks, sandstone, granite and iron ore with great speleological potential. Thus, the present study aimed to describe the faunistic composition of arenitic caves in the municipality of Altinópolis state of São Paulo state. We found 131 morphospecies, most of them belonging to Class Insecta (89 morphospecies) and Class Arachnida (31 morphospecies). This fauna corresponds with the fauna found in previous studies in this region and in other studies in the same lithology. The fauna is composed mainly of spiders (Pholcidae, Ctenidae and Sicariidae families), and their possible prey as cockroaches (Blattaria), crickets (Orthoptera), mosquitoes (Diptera), beetles larvae (Coleoptera) and moths (Lepidoptera). In the light reaction tests, the eight taxa studied were significantly photonegative for all light intensities (150, 500 and 1000 lux). Photophobia can be considered a plesiomorphic character state for the group, which is related apparently to the eye patterns (number of ommatidia and ocular area). The Pseudonannolene population from Olho de Cabra cave had low population densities on the four monitoring occasions, with the individuals found mostly in the twilight and aphotic cave zones. The low population density can be attributed to the low concentration of calcium in the soil of the region and, consequently, inside the cave. The effect of seasonality was marginally significant, probably due to the low population density, which may be a consequence of the stress caused by the atypical drought of the last years (2013 and 2014), so that this population is still reestablishing itself. Studies that approach the diversity and biological aspects (e. g. population and behavior) are important to determine relevance of the cave for conservatiom purposes. The present study contributes to the knowledge of the diversity of the subterranean fauna from Altinópolis, and approach the phototactic behavior and population ecology of the subterranean millipede Pseudonannolene never studied before.
Há saídas? As saídas. Pelos caminhos dos cotidianos das vidas de adolescentes após cumprimento de medida socioeducativa em meio fechado
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-04-25)
Faria, Caroline Beier
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Malfitano, Ana Paula Serrata
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1462870858750395
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5456216050911047
Poor childhood and adolescence has undergone a social stigmatization process taking a cultural imaginary status as “dangerous” and “violent”. Brazilian Government has developed controlling and contention tools as a response to the involvement of adolescents in infractions. The Statute of the Child and Adolescent (Estatuto da Criança e do Adolescente – ECA) has made it possible to give these tools a punitive formal profile, in the juridical text, working on socioeducation, and blaming the adolescents, families, and society. Within this context, the present study aimed to know the expectations from juveniles regarding the process of quitting the internment, as well as learning how its routine goes on. The study was at two foundations where the appropriate socioeducational matters of privation of liberty were performed, in two different states of Brazil, being one in a medium-size city, and the other in a metropolis. Thus, during the first stage, 22 workshops meetings were carried out with 59 adolescents, aiming to know their expectations regarding quitting the foundation, and they were also invited to take part into the second stage. Nine semi-structured interviews were also done with technicians involved in their follow-up, focusing on strategies used to plan their reintroduction to the community. In the second stage, territorial follow-ups were performed, for four months, with four adolescents who were interned in socioeducational privacy of liberty in one of the cities mentioned before, aiming to understand how their return to the community was. By using the data obtained from the foundations, and together with the teenagers in their communities, we were able to understand that those adolescents were subordinate to criminal subjection social process, by creating the social expectation which bonds them to the identity of criminals, highly highlighting them to the possibility of communal bonding. It was concluded that besides the strong tagging of this process, and the exclusion from the daily life they face, since their internment the adolescents aim to build resistance and life spaces in their routines.
Intervenção comportamental para mulheres com fibromialgia e má qualidade do sono ou insônia
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-04-25)
Kirchner, Luziane de Fátima
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Reis, Maria de Jesus Dutra dos
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8868678989340770
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0910442125365295
The present thesis is described in research papers format, whose development is justified by literature review, phase of intervention tests to improve the plans of data collection and data collection itself. PROPOSAL 1 (Literature review) composes paper 1 and along with paper 2 present the synthesis of the analyzed variables, evaluation and intervention forms and the main results of cognitive-behavioral intervention studies on people with chronic pain, whose results helped in the conduction of the following studies. PROPOSAL 2 (Pilot study) presents a study aimed at women with fibromyalgia (FM) and poor sleep quality, whose research design allowed to evaluate: the effects of a brief behavioral intervention for pain and sleep combined with a relaxation training, and the isolated effect of relaxation training, both compared to the control group without intervention (paper 3) and the effect and order of application of the two components (pain and sleep management) of this intervention (paper 4). And, PROPOSAL 3 (Data collection) corresponds to the study conducted to women with FM and insomnia, from Multiple Baseline Design with withdrawal of the intervention and pre and post test evaluations, which was split in two articles: one of them evaluated the effect of two components of a behavioral intervention for pain management (1 - management of the physical environment conditions and 2 - interpersonal relationship management), on pain and sleep indicators (paper 5), and the other evaluated the effect of this intervention on other health indicators, besides clinical significance and reliable change (paper 6). Direct self-report and self-registration measures for pain and/or sleep assessment were considered in all intervention studies. Data showed that the brief analytical-behavioral intervention (pilot study) for pain and sleep had an impact on reducing the intensity and incapacity of pain and anxiety, and the intervention for pain (data collection itself) had an impact both on pain and sleep, anxiety, depression, stress and social skills self-reported indicators. Considering the direct measures, both studies (pilot and data collection) showed a change in the sleep pattern (mainly sleep latency) evaluated by actigraphy, but there was no change in the Cortisol Awakening Response (CAR). The present study results are in line with the literature, and methodological aspects were discussed.
Caracterização familiar e intervenção em grupo com irmãos de indivíduos com transtorno do espectro do autismo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-04-25)
Goto, Paula Hisa Paranaíba
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Aiello, Ana Lúcia Rossito
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7544189440874179
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7382330482949178
Siblings of people with ASD could develop social and emotional problems, also, they could have difficulties in parental relationship. Group intervention could be a way to support those siblings with typical development on clarifying their doubts, sharing experiences, and learning strategies to deal with their ASD siblings’ daily relationship. The goal of this study is to present a report of a group intervention with ASD siblings and its effects upon these variables: behavior issues and social behavior; stress and confrontation strategies; relationship network and knowledge about ASD, in addition, the parents and caregivers’ satisfaction related to the intervention. The design used was a quasi-experimental design with three groups: experimental group (EG) which received the whole intervention, partial group (PG) which received a partial intervention, and control group (CG) which did not receive the intervention. There were pre-and post-test to all of the groups but a six months follow-up only with EG. The EG participants were six siblings with age ranging from10 to 15 years old, PG participants were four siblings with age ranging from10 to 12 years old, and the CG participants were four siblings with age ranging from 8 to 12 years old. All the groups had participants with both genders. There were five meetings with EG (12 hours total) and three meetings with PG (6 hours total). Emotional aspects and information were developed in these meetings. In total, 15 siblings and their parents and caregivers participated of the research. One child participated only of the pre-test stage. The protocols used were Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ), Stress and Coping in Siblings, Network of Relationships Inventory (NRI), Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS), satisfaction questionnaire with every meeting activities, and a parent /caregiver questionnaire, two semi structured interview scripts, one was used with the research participants, and the other with parents and caregivers. The results showed positive changes related to ASD knowledge, confrontation strategies optimization and for the two intervention groups, a pro-social behavior improvement. There were not changes related to difficulties, stress and relationship networks. The participants reported they enjoyed the activities, so did their parents and caregivers related to the intervention. For future studies, it would be important to consider a large intervention time and the number of participants. Also, a statistical analysis should be considered for future studies to check if the changes were significant to correlate them to gender, birth order, ASD level and the results of the protocols used. Parallel Interventions with ASD parents and siblings could be an interesting possibility. Besides the research limitations, this is a pioneer study in this country. It has showed the importance of a place where the ASD siblings could be heard, received information and support, because they could be benefited from professionals’ attention. Group intervention is beneficial when considering experience changes and time and resources optimization. But also, there are specific cases, especially when high stress levels and disruptive behaviors are presented, that individualized attention could be essential.
Da união para os municípios? Os desafios da intersetorialidade na gestão e implementação local do Programa Bolsa Família (Estado São Paulo/ 2006-2013)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-04-25)
Cagnin, Isabela Fagundes
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Justo, Carolina Raquel Duarte de Mello
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9209489935777843
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3569052548022319
No summary
Ecologia populacional do amblipígeo Charinus eleonorae Baptista & Giupponi 2003 (Arachnida: Amblypygi: Charinidae) e dos opiliões Iandumoema uai Pinto-da-Rocha 1996, Eusarcus cavernicola Hara & Pinto-da-Rocha 2010 e Eusarcus aduncus Mello- Leitão 1942 (Arachnida: Opiliones: Gonyleptidae) da Gruta Olhos d’ Água, Itacarambi, Minas Gerais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-04-26)
Monte, Bruno Gabriel Oliveira do
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Bichuette, Maria Elina
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8453043393798516
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3817347467909754
In Brazil several works were carried out considering a general diversity of underground organisms from different regions. The Parque Nacional Cavernas do Peruaçu (PNCP), near the municipality of Itacarambi, Minas Gerais states, highlighted by works carried out with the troglobite catfish (exclusive of subterranean environment) Trichomycterus itacarambiensis Trajano and Pinna (1996), the end of the Olhos d’ Água cave. In addition to catfish, a cave is home to other populations of troglobites, such as the harvestmen Iandumoema uai Pinto-da-Rocha (1996) and the whip spider Charinus eleonorae Baptista and Giupponi (2003). The populations of the Eusarcus cavernicola Hara and Pinto-da-Rocha (2008) and Eusarcus aduncus Mello-Leitão (1942). Considering the populations of the mentioned arachnid species, we investigated from the marking and recapture method as size and population density. In addition, we analyzed the distribution of the troglóbios (I. uai and C. eleonorae) in relation to troglófilos (E. cavernicola and E. aduncus). Finally, from collections made in caves of the PNCP analyzes a diversity of the subterranean fauna in relation to Olhos d 'Água cave. Our results showed that the population of I. uai opium is numerically higher than others, with population values and higher densities. In addition, I. uai widely distributed in the various regions of the Olhos d 'Água cave, as well as C. eleonorae. In contrast, E. cavernicola and E. aduncus are restricted within the cavern with populations secreted relative to I. uai and C. eleonorae. Still, the Olhos d 'Água cave presents greater subterranean diversity with occurrence of troglophiles, troglóbites and relict specie.