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Ansiedade induzida pelo modelo de empatia para dor : o papel da neurotransmissão GABAa-benzodiazepínica na modulação da ansiedade em camundongos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-05-26)
Carmona, Isabela Miranda
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Souza, Azair Liane Matos do Canto de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2352004564367849
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2950733595921138
Anxiety is a fundamental emotional phenomenon, essential within the affective repertoire and its importance for the understanding of the emotional behaviors of the individuals promoted the development of preclinical studies that contribute to the understanding of the neurobilogical bases involved in this modulation. Studies have demonstrated the involvement of the amygdaloid complex in emotional behaviors related to anxiety and that and GABAA-benzodiazepine receptors play important role in the modulation of anxiety and nociception in animal models. Cohabiting with chronic pain produces an increase in anxiety in the observer mouse, these evidences support that through anxiety-like responses it is possible to observe the existence of emotional behavior present among the animals, characterized as empathy-like behaviors. This study investigated the effects of systemic and intra-amygdala injection of midazolam (MDZ), a GABAA-benzodiazepine receptor agonist, on the modulation of anxiety induced by cohabiting with a cagemate in neuropathic pain in mice exposed to the elevated plus-maze (EPM). For this, male Swiss mice were housed in pairs and after 14 days were divided into two groups: cagemate nerve constriction (CNC), in which one animal from each pair was subjected to sciatic nerve constriction; cagemate sham (Sham), one animal from each pair was subjected to the same surgery but without constriction and in the 28th day, the observer cagemates were submitted to EPM for five minutes. Experiment 1: the observer cagemates received systemic injections of saline or midazolam (0.5, 1.0 or 2.0 mg/kg, intraperitoneal, i.p.) and 30 minutes after were exposed to elevated plus-maze. Experiment 2: In the 23th day, bilateral cannulae were surgically implanted in the amygdala of the observer cagemate and in the 28th day, the observer cagemate received intra-amygdala injections of saline or midazolam (3 e 30 nmol/0,1µl) and 5 minutes after were exposed EPM. Two-way ANOVA followed by post hoc Duncan test revealed that living with a cagemate in neuropathic pain is able to increase anxiety-like behavior in mice, suggesting the influence that cohabiting with nociception causes in the observer cagemate. In the experiment 1, MDZ (1,0 e 2,0 mg/Kg) was able to produces anxiolytic-like effect on the EPM, characterized by increase the open arms exploration and decrease risk assessment-like behaviors, with the absence of significant changes in locomotor activity. In the experiment 2, in the same way MDZ was able to produces anxiolytic-like effect on the EPM. These results suggests that the cohabitation with a CNC induce anxiogenic-like responses in the observer mouse and the GABAA/benzodiazepine receptor complex located within the amygdala participates in modulation of anxiety-induced model of empathy in mice.
Do fim do trabalho ao trabalho sem fim: o trabalho e a vida dos trabalhadores digitais em Home Office
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-05-26)
Oliveira, Daniela Ribeiro de
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Lima, Jacob Carlos
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9244132532446607
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3340719766336945
Digital workers are a privileged category for understanding current job settings in which different ways of organizing, managing, and performing work are set. The digital worker organizes his life around projects, with flexible times and his career path and permanence in the work depends on permanent updating. The objective of the research was to analyze the relationship between work and life of digital workers, trying to understand to what extent the work of software development, with various forms of organization and time-space management, reflects on the organization of workers' private lives and Family relationships, friendship, leisure, etc. Through the occupational trajectories we try to trace workers' perceptions about life and work when they are working partially or totally in home office. To meet the research objectives, we conducted 53 semi-structured interviews, of which only 29 interviews were selected for discussion in this thesis. The criterion for selection sought those that represented the diversity of the empirical field in terms of gender cut, work places, types of contractual ties, types of activities performed, size of company and because they represent a diverse picture of work experiences In home office. We note a diversity of home office work arrangements practiced by digital workers. Work is done more at home than in the office, since the workers take advantage of the times saved due to the absence of displacements, intervals of snacks and rest, to continue carrying out the activities. Turning off the computer does not mean disconnecting from the job. The feeling of loneliness and the fear of becoming invisible to the office staff are grounds for digital workers to refuse (if they have a choice) work in home office or wish to leave the modality; Workers with more career time tend to resist (micro resistance) the excesses of demands and to work going through all the free time. Male representations of the presence of women in the sector are surrounded by gender stereotypes. The justifications of which particular occupations are most appropriate for women because of their gender markers (detailed, attentive, etc.) are recurrent among men.
Coletivo Cê: processos e percursos de redesterritorialização: aprendendo com a experiência
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-05-26)
Almeida, Hércules Soares de
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Ferreira, Dulcinéia de Fátima
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9339578170693084
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5128703213868329
The framework presented here proposes to share a cartography of the processes and paths of the deterritorialization and reterritorialization of Coletivo Cê. It is also a scratch to the surface about the knowledge of experience and ethical, aesthetic and political movements in research about education. We will present ways that allowed a research carried out from the perspective of implication, requiring a vibrating body and implied in the research. The author of this research has been working on the Coletivo Cê for more than seven years. The Coletivo Cê is a group of artists who research the language of theater, in the city of Votorantim, São Paulo. This research goal was to trace the processes and routes from the year of its foundation in 2009 to the present day. Within this proposal, there was also a close look at the concepts of authors who lead and compose the living and pulsating picture of cartography, such as Gilles Deleuze, Félix Guattari, Suely Rolnik, Jacques Ranciére, Jorge Larrosa Bondía, Paulo Freire, sociologist Boaventura de Souza Santos and others who believe in the work of thought as a vibrating space of our urgencies. An intellectual production in the field of Education, proposing cartography as an aesthetic possibility for the urgencies that plague us, able to understand the "educate" mediated by artistic actions of cultural collectives groups, which can become a practice of social transformation for the emancipation of people.
Limites e potencialidades da formação e atuação em rede de cooperativas de catadore(a)s de materiais recicláveis: caso da Rede Anastácia, estado de São Paulo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-05-26)
Soares, Alexandra Savio
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Teixeira, Bernardo Arantes do Nascimento
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1166854416745527
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5618886599186541
The work carried out by recyclable waste pickers is of great importance, not only for the reuse of the materials, but also for their benefit to the environment, reducing the amount of waste that goes to landfills and landfills. Despite the significant work done by the collectors, it is verified that in the recycling chain these are the least benefited. The reasons for this are diverse, such as the organizational and infrastructure precariousness of the enterprises, the lack of support and recognition for the service provided to society, the action of the intermediaries who buy the materials at very low prices, among others. In order to improve the participation of the collectors in the recycling chain, some initiatives are being taken, such as the formation of cooperation networks of solid economic enterprises, which among the objectives is to strengthen the way of work and performance of the collectors. Based on this idea, Rede Anastácia was created in the central region of the state of São Paulo and Alta Mogiana, which is a regional network of collectors of recyclable materials that counts on the participation of eight cooperatives located in different municipalities of the state. In this way, a research was conducted with the Rede Anastácia, from May / 2015 to October / 2016, which used the exploratory method, with direct observation of a qualitative approach, through a visit to cooperatives, photographic records, analyzes Of documents, participation in meetings and activities, in order to identify and evaluate the limits and potentialities of the formation and operation of cooperation networks. As results, information on cooperative characteristics, creation and formalization of the network, its main articulations (meetings and activities) to strengthen cooperatives, the expectations of the collectors to belong to the network and the main limits and potentialities were obtained. Among the limitations identified are the need for improvements in the infrastructure of cooperatives; The distance between them and the lack of standardization in the types of materials sorted and detailed record on productivity, which ends up hampering joint marketing actions. As potentialities: there was an increase in the exchange of information among cooperatives; Greater possibility of participation in projects of technical and financial incentive; Greater political representativeness; Conducting joint sales; Participation in reverse logistics systems, among others. Regarding the collectors' expectations of belonging to the network, it was verified that they believe that there may be an improvement in the valorization and recognition of the work done by the collector, greater possibility of realizing joint marketing and verticalization of materials, among other aspects.
Um estudo de estresse através dos níveis de cortisol em crianças
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-05-26)
Mendes, Karine Zanuto
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Campos, Adriano Polpo de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4867996651212204
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2574720289303855
The level of cortisol is considered as a measure of people’s stress. We perform an statistical analysis of the data from a study conducted to evaluate if children that work on the streets during the day have higher stress than children who does not work. The cortisol level of a person can be considered as an increasing function until reaching a maximum level and then decreasing to almost zero (quasi-concave function). Children’s cortisol were collected 4 times in one day, where two groups of children were considered: those who work in the street and those who stay at home. To analyse the data we considered a meta-analysis of a functional data model under Bayesian approach. Each individual is analysed by a functional data model,and then, a meta-analysis was used to have inference for each group. We used the Gibbs Metropolis-Hastings method to sample from the posteriori distribution. Also,we calculated the pointwise posterior probability of the cortisol function of one group being greater than the cortisol function of other group to compare the groups.
Sistema de remoção de água de lodo gerado em estação de tratamento de esgoto com duas fases : desaguamento inicial em leito de drenagem seguido de biossecagem
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-05-26)
Reis, Renan Felicio dos
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Cordeiro, João Sergio
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2572864522562875
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1840510720475585
This present research was conducted by whttps://repositorio.ufscar.br/admin/item?itemID=10496ater removal assays related to dewatering and drying of sewage sludge steps. In relation to the first, it was used Drainage Bed (DB) prototype in lab scale (studies of drainage) and in pilot scale (studies of evaporation). It was used anaerobic sludge from UASB reactor, whose dewatering results about studies of drainage, varying three types of geotextile blanket and height of sludge layer, showed that the HaTe® 55/55 UV blanket brought greater drainage capacity, although the analyses results about drained liquid quality was worse in apparent color, turbidity and conductivity when compared to other blankets experienced. In studies of evaporation in DB it was possible to verify and discuss the relation of climate variables with moisture loss, mainly in relation to precipitation, air relative humidity and temperature. Moreover, due to the turning applied, it was observed that, when is made, higher Total Solids (TS) content is obtained in the sludge sample in shorter time than when the turning is not applied. With regard to the drying step, it was conducted biodrying assays, whose methods e results was separated in abroad and Brazil. In the assays conducted abroad (lasting 14 days) it was used mixed sludge (originated from anaerobic, anoxic and aerobic sewage treatment) and wood chips ( 7,1mm) as bulking agent, in proportion of 2:1 (v/v). The results showed that biodrying process promote the removal of bound water (interstitial, surface and intracellular) from sludge and that the turning applying during the biodrying is fundamental to retake biological activity and, thus, increase the temperature again and obtain final sample with higher TS content. At the end, the reactor which resulted in biodried product with higher TS content (reactor Biossecagem II) reached 63,1% of TS, with High Heating Value (HHV) of 17551,9kJ/kgTS, being superior to many parameters found in literature consulted. About the biodrying assays conducted in Brazil (UFSCar), they lasted 20 days and was performed using anaerobic sludge (UASB) previously dewatered in DB, mixed with wood chips (5-15mm) in 5:4 (v/v) proportion, with turning in 6th, 12th, 15th and 18th days. The results also confirmed the occurrence of biological activity, but did not reached themophilic conditions. To this behavior, it was suggested as reason the use of dewatered sludge in natural system (DB) or anaerobic sludge, both situations still not reported in the literature for biodrying process. In the reactor with the best behavior (reactor Biossecagem B) it was obtained final TS content of 47,4%, with HHV of 14661kJ/kgTS and Low Heating Value (LHV) of 14659,9kJ/kgTS. Furthermore, this thesis reports and compiles data from biodrying assays of sewage sludge found in the literature in a synthesis table, as well as discuss and compare the numerous variables and their implications in the process.
Avaliação da atividade antimicrobiana e análise morfológica por microscopia de força atômica (AFM) da ação de extratos de própolis verde sobre Staphylococcus aureus e Escherichia coli
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-05-26)
Campos, Jessica Valéria de
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Assis, Odílio Benedito Garrido de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4626267791983725
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Bernardes Filho, Rubens
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4955439483175452
In the last years the concerns about the resistance acquired by pathogenic microorganisms has increased due to large misuse of antibiotics and agricultural products. Research about new alternatives and natural antimicrobial agents allows, at least, a partial replacement of synthetic drugs. The interest in studying the biological activities of propolis has gained importance due to its great antimicrobial potential, which is attributed to phenolic compounds, especially to the flavonoids. In this sense, the propolis appears as an important therapeutic alternative. The antimicrobial action of this resin has been confirmed in several studies; however, an analysis of the mechanism of action is still scarce. Thus, to identify the presence of antibacterial constituents along with the analyzes by atomic force microscope (AFM), that allows evaluating modifications of the bacterial structures treated with propolis extract, were the main aims of this work. Extracts with different proportions of water and ethanol were prepared and simultaneously processed following standards. The extracts were characterized related to their composition and antibacterial property against Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus and Gram-negative Escherichia coli bacteria. It was observed that the use of higher concentrations of ethanol in the extract production provided higher extractions of flavonoids and better antibacterial effects. Thus, the best results were attained by the ethanolic extract of propolis, composed of 100% ethanol (EEP), and conversely, the less efficient extract, composed of lower concentrations of flavonoids, was the aqueous one (EAP). The results obtained in the analyzes in FTIR and HPLC confirm a greater presence of flavonoids in the extracts with higher levels of ethanol. Regarding the microscopic analysis, the EEP was selected for analysis considering its better antibacterial capacity. For a satisfactory inhibition of the E. coli growth a more concentrated extract was necessary, leading to an increase in cell volume, and a probable occurrence of bacteriolysis and the occurrence of cellular damages. In general, the propolis showed to have action on the cellular structure of both bacteria, leading to inhibition of microbial growth.
Investigação das práticas de logística urbana em cidades brasileiras
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-05-29)
Dias, José Maria
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Vieira, José Geraldo Vidal
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2068340476477363
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3386330240591067
With the growth of urban population and the increase of the vehicle fleet, Brazilian cities face urban dysfunction problems like congestion, environmental pollution, car accidents among others and its consequences are felt by citizens. With the institution of the PNMU - Política Nacional de Mobilidade Urbana (National Urban Mobility Policy), Brazil has sought to direct the planning of solutions for the urban transportation of people and cargo in an integrated and sustainable way The literature shows a lack of national research focused on planning and local policies of urban freight and better understanding of the authorities on the freight transportation and supply chains, for decision-making on policy and planning Urban Freight Transport (UFT). The practices and concepts of City Logistics intend optimal solutions for goods handling issues in urban areas. In this context, the use of City Logistics (CL) practices in Brazilian cities was investigated. Therefore, the contents related to UFT and CL were analyzed in the PlanMobs – Planos de Mobilidade Urbana (Urban Mobility Plans) elaborated by these cities. Additionally was produced a data collection (survey research), with those responsible for the preparation/review of PlanMobs. This research identifies the resources used in the UFT planning, the CL practices adopted and the perceptions of the municipal authorities about the UFT and CL. The results showed that the LU is still neglected and appears not to be the focus of the authorities who have developed the PlanMob. The lack of local authorities’ specific skills, with the low use of planning resources makes it impossible to achieve the LU goals.
Estratégias de comercialização adotadas por famílias que praticam agrofloresta: um estudo de caso no assentamento Mário Lago, Ribeirão Preto/SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-05-29)
Nunes, Patricia Joia
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Marjotta-Maistro, Marta Cristina
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3987280258617095
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0856693432095259
Throughout its history, the Landless Rural Workers Movement (MST) has builtdifferent ways of making life possible in its rural settlements in order to generate income, stay in the countryside and care for nature, for both issues and organization Of the territory, production and commercialization gained body through the proposals of agricultural cooperation and agroecology. From this context, since the end of 2011, the Mário Lago settlement, located in Ribeirão Preto / SP, has leveraged agroforestry and commercialization, becoming an important reference for the experiences of other rural settlements in the country. Therefore, the general objective of this work was to identify and analyze commercialization strategies adopted by the families involved and to reflect on the economic, social and political implications that involve the life of the subjects of this process, highlighting potential and difficulties, the specific objectives were to identify the possibilities To the country's rural settlements; Describe the strategies used by the farmers of the "Mário Lago" settlement; To carry out a survey of primary data, which were addressed to issues such as: products traded in agroforestry containing variety and quantities; Of the average incomeper farmer within the marketing strategy adopted, among others. The research was exploratory with analysis of secondary data and primary data collection with 25 families interviewed. From the data, the SWOT analysis was applied (FOFA) and it was concluded that the experience of the commercialization via agroforestry baskets represented an important increase in the income of the producers that market it and provided autonomy to the farming families; Thus, this form of commercialization becomes an important reference for other possible experiences in settlements in the state of São Paulo.A
Obtenção e caracterização de laminados de compósitos poliméricos híbridos de fibras de juta a partir de laminados de fibras de vidro utilizados na fabricação de pás eólicas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-05-29)
Alves, Jose Leandro Correia
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Paiva, Jane Maria Faulstich de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7926832511513537
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2092236125969464
At last years due to increasing use of composite materials of synthetic fibers with thermosetting matrix, several alterative have been sought trying to minimize the impacts generated by both the dispose of this material at the end of their useful life and by its heavy dependency of non-renewable resources as petroleum based products for the production of raw materials. As alternative to introduce composites materials that have least environmentally impact natural fibers have drawn attention of researchers. In this work the aim is to manufacture by vacuum infusion process, composite laminates hybrid adding woven jute fiber in structural weaving fiberglass with epoxy resin matrix. The quality of laminate was analyzed by fiber weight fraction determining and thermal analysis by DSC (Differential Scanning Calorimetry) and DMTA (Dynamic Mechanical Thermal Analysis). It was possible to manufacture hybrids laminates by vacuum infusion with fiber fraction in about 60%. Hybrids laminates presented had a reduction of density of 20% with relation to the glass reinforced plastic. Regarding to mechanical properties, the laminates were characterized by tensile, compression and ILSS testing. With respect to hybrid laminates, the better results of tensile properties such as strength and young's modulus was achieved by the laminates with fiber oriented in 0/90° (H0/90) with maximum strength value near to 200 MPa, while for orientation ±45° (H45 e H45/0/90) the strength results were 68 MPa and 84 MPa, respectively. In this case can be highlighted the hybrid laminate H45, whose tensile strength (83,9 MPa) has not present significant changes with the introduction of jute fiber (with increase of 60% its thickness) compared with glass reinforced plastic (84,5 MPa) for the same fiber orientation. For compressive strength the best result was presented by the laminates H0/90 (fibers in 0/90°) as well, with values close to 150 MPa while the laminates to ±45° (H45 e H45/0/90) presented values of 90 MPa. Regarding to ILSS the variation of strength was smaller, 25 MPa to direction 0/90° and 23 MPa and 21 MPa to H45 and H45//0/90 laminates, respectively. Therefore, mechanical properties were significantly influenced by plies orientation in the laminates and by the hybridization with jute fibers.
A história da Escola Estadual de Segundo Grau Dr. Dario Pacheco Pedroso: sua origem, inserção social e impacto no percurso profissional dos alunos (1970 - 1994)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-05-29)
Matos, Ana Rita Bueno de Camargo
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Rafante, Heulália Charalo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2400069245718101
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0929140940243399
This study aims to study the Secondary School of Doctor Dario Pacheco Pedroso, created in 1970 in Taquarivaí, then Itapeva district, São Paulo and incorporated in 1994 to the State Center of Technological Education Paula Souza. This object is analyzed from the historical trajectory of agricultural education in Brazil, from the Municipality, where the school was installed and from the school itself, aiming to understand its administrative organization and the pedagogical proposal developed by the institution. The results show that agricultural education underwent changes, according to educational policies, elaborated according to the demands of each historical context. It was during the period of the military civil dictatorship in Brazil, in the scenario of conservative modernization, that the institution analyzed here was created. The implementation of technical courses in agriculture contributed to the formation of skilled labor in the Taquarivai region, enabling its development and participation in the process of agricultural expansion in the state of São Paulo, as well as influencing the professional growth of students graduates
O perfil do consumidor e a percepção das estratégias de marketing em três mercados de proximidades agroecológicos no estado de Minas Gerais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-05-29)
Araújo, Heliene Macedo de
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Marjotta-Maistro, Marta Cristina
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3987280258617095
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5166885553370141
The objective of this dissertation was to identify the marketing strategies used in selected agroecological proximity markets associated with the perception and the profile of the consumers of these sites, and the specific objectives (1) to compare the strategies of marketing mix and environmental marketing that are currently adopted , At the Terra Viva Fair in the city of Belo Horizonte / MG; At the Agroecological Fair Raízes do Campo in Jaboticatubas / MG; And, in the Mercadinho "Tá caindo fulô" in the district of Santana do Riacho / MG; (2) identify the main barriers faced in such proximity markets to market agro-ecological products from the perspective of consumers; And (3) identify the behavior and profile the consumer of agroecological products in relation to the marketing mix and environmental marketing variables in the proximity markets surveyed. For the theoretical reference the concepts of agroecology, solidary economy, organic agriculture, marketing strategies, Environmental Marketing, Social and 3.0 were discussed. The survey method used was the Survey. The technique of data collection used was documentary research, direct observation and questionnaire with primary data collection. For the analysis of the results we used descriptive statistical analysis, comparative quantitative analysis, multivariate cluster analysis and cluster / local segmentation, and chi-square tests to verify the dependence between variables. With the results it was possible to identify that the markets studied have specific marketing strategies, without, however, having prior planning for their executions. Environmental and Social Marketing is perceived as transversal in all actions of the sites and Marketing 3.0 was observed in the three sites. Regarding consumers' understanding of agroecological products, it has been suggested that not all consumers of the sites surveyed know everything about the agroecological product and not everyone is completely unaware of the products. With the multivariate analysis of Cluster it was possible to identify 2 clusters being called "Consumers closer to agroecological knowledge" and "Sustainable Consumers and less close to agroecological knowledge. In addition, in order to contribute to the elaboration of marketing strategies for each group, the segmentation of the consumers considering site / cluster was carried out, thus allowing to identify the profile of the consumers in relation to the variables of marketing mix and environmental marketing. From this research it was evidenced that the study of marketing strategies, consumer behavior and the use of quantitative analyzes (such as cluster analysis and market segmentation) has the potential to identify the real perceptions of consumers in relation to markets And assertively define the limitations of the sites and which strategies are most appropriate to both meet the needs and desires of the consumers, achieve the goals of the organizations with regard to social and environmental changes with the use of Marketing Environmental, Social and 3.0, as well as stimulate the sale of products guaranteeing the financial viability of farmers and organizations, thus promoting the advancement of agroecology.
Hegel intérprete de Aristóteles : a questão teleológica na filosofia da história hegeliana
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-05-30)
França, Lincoln Menezes de
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Baioni, José Eduardo Marques
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9613180348313909
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6566744119224225
For G.W.F. Hegel (1770-1831), the historical deployments demonstrate as a whole a progression in the recognition of the Self of the Spirit and the knowledge of freedom, which enables the philosophy of history to verify the effectiveness of reason in the world and the progressive achievement of the absolute ultimate End purpose. As Hegel considers that the conception of purpose is the main determination that arrives at us from the Aristotelian philosophy, the central objective of this thesis is to understand the role of the Aristotelian philosophy of the history of Hegel. The singularity of the Hegelian teleological conception is characterized by resorting to Aristotelian philosophy as a necessary moment for Hegel's reaction to Kantian and post-Kantian idealism, providing greater clarity about Hegel's understanding of the teleological question in history and its relation to its conception of the history of philosophy according to its own conceptual heritage. The analytical starting point of this thesis is the Phenomenology of the Spirit, a work in which Hegel develops the introduction to his philosophical system and also presents a peculiar teleological perspective, which is systematically exposed later in the texts of the Science of Logic and the Encyclopedia of Philosophical Sciences. These works of systematic character has a central importance for the understanding of the teleological question in the Lectures on the Philosophy of History, since they are deployments of their own philosophical system. In the Lectures on the History of Philosophy there is a more detailed exposition of Aristotelian philosophy and the teleological question. However, the philosophical problems faced by Hegel are specific to his time, which implies conceptual peculiarities concerning teleology in the Hegelian system and, consequently, in the Philosophy of History. In addition, Hegel has a very specific conception of the interpretation of the history of philosophy, linked to the systematic notion of the development of the Spirit. In this sense, by accepting a conceptual heritage in relation to Aristotelian teleology, Hegel searches one more internal coherence for his own systematic conception of the history of philosophy, in other words, one conception where there is a progression of the Spirit from which Aristotle and the other philosophers were part of it, rather than a philosophical fidelity or a strict conceptual affiliation to Aristotle.
Percepção de serviços ecossistêmicos por agricultores familiares em transição agroecológica e sua contribuição para a conservação
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-05-30)
Kadry, Vívian Oliveira
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Piña-Rodrigues, Fátima Conceição Márquez
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1475369713141675
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8875742857678460
Knowing the perception of ecosystem services is a tool in establishing actions for the conservation of ecosystems. Especially in areas covered by the Atlantic Forest such as Ubatuba-SP, where communities use these services generated by nature. This study evaluated the perception of ecosystem services of 20 farmers that are in transition to ecologically-based farming practices in Ubatuba. Semi-structured interviews were used to identify witch services were perceived by the farmers. The responses were classified according to the functions of regulation, habitat, production and information. Then was calculated the Ecosystem Perception Consolidation Index (ICPE). In general there was low perception of the ecosystem services, and regulation and information functions got higher ICPE. There was dissociation of the relation between forest and agricultural production, because the services generated by the habitat function were perceived only by 30% of the farmers. The results showed the need to incorporate an integrated technical assistance linking extension and conservation agencies. Therefore, rescuing cultural values alongside modern technologies, farmers can contribute more significantly to the conservation of the local Atlantic Forest.
Influência de fungos micorrízicos arbusculares como promotores de crescimento de porta-enxertos de citros
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-05-30)
Miranda, Priscila Batista
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Mello, Andrea Hentz de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5704584745306992
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Kupper, Katia Cristina
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7900622063392740
Plant growth promoting microorganisms have been widely used in agriculture. As an example, the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, which associate with the roots of plants and help them in the better absorption of nutrients and water, have been widely used as biological input in several studies. However, their use is mostly associated with phosphorus addition, and it is also important to carry out studies evaluating the isolated effect of these microorganisms and the dependence of the plants on them. The objective of this work was to verify the effect of the mycorrhizal association of Glomus clarum and G. etunicatum on the initial growth of rootstocks: Rangpur lime, Swingle Citrumelo and Tangerine Sunki. The experimental design was completely randomized with a 3 x 4 factorial arrangement, with 5 replications, corresponding to 3 rootstocks, 4 managements (mineral fertilization, inoculation with G. clarum or G. etunicatum and control). The inoculation with mycorrhizal fungi and fertilization with P were performed simultaneously and before the sowing, respectively. In addition, after germination, N and micronutrients were applied by the irrigation water. The following parameters were evaluated: height, stem diameter, number of leaves, shoot dry mass, colonization and mycorrhizal dependence and the macro and micronutrients content from shoots. There was a significant interaction between the rootstocks and treatments applied in this study for most of the evaluated variables. The highest values of height, leaf number and dry mass of the aerial part were provided by the mineral fertilization management. Rangpur lime and Swingle Citrumelo obtained higher height. The largest diameter of the stem was reached by Swingle Citrumelo and the management that provided the largest diameter was inoculation with G. etunicatum. Rangpur lime presented moderate mycorrhizal dependence for G. clarum and marginal for G. etunicatum, while the other rootstocks present marginal dependence on the two microorganisms. There was a low percentage of mycorrhizal colonization in the rootstocks. There was a significant interaction between the rootstocks and the applied managements, and mineral fertilization provided higher levels of N, P, Ca and S to the plants. Regarding the micronutrients, mineral fertilization also excelled in the absorption of B, Cu, Fe, Mn and Zn. G. clarum presented values of Cu, Mn and Zn higher than the control. However, considering all the evaluated parameters, the management through the use of mycorrhizal fungi was not satisfactory, the best result was obtained with mineral fertilization, such effect can be justified by the high content of P in the substrate, which can be affected the efficiency of mycorrhization.
Avaliação do papel da amídala na antinocicepção induzida pelo medo : análises comportamental, imunoistoquímica e farmacológica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-05-30)
Sorregotti, Tatiani
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Souza, Ricardo Luiz Nunes de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2475842684688693
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9354501882831474
Exposure of rodents to an open elevated plus maze (oEPM, an EPM with all four open arms) elicits antinociceptive responses, high level of plasma corticosterone and defensive behaviors. However, very little is known about the neural substrates and neurotransmitters that modulate the antinociceptive responses and the defensive behavior of oEPM-exposed animals. It is known that the amygdala plays an important role in the modulation of defensive behavior and pain responses. Accordingly, the Experiment 1 investigated the effects of chemical inactivation of the amygdala [through local injection of cobalt chloride (CoCl2: a nonspecific synaptic blocker)] on the nociception of mice injected formalin into the right hind paw (nociceptive test) and on the defensive behavior of oEPM-exposed mice. Results showed that the amygdala inactivation induced an antinociceptive response in mice injected formalin into the right hind paw when exposed to the glass-cage (safe situation). However, the antinociceptive response was not altered when mice were exposed to the oEPM (aversive situation). In addition, the mice amygdala inactivation reduced the time spent in the proximal area of the arms as well as the frequency of stretched attend postures (SAP), and increased time spent in the arm ends and the head-dipping frequency, suggesting an anxiolytic-like effect. Experiment 2 assessed the pattern of activation of the basolateral (BLA) and central (CeA) nuclei of the amygdala through quantification of Fos protein expression in mice exposed to the oEPM (aversive situation) or injected with formalin into the right hind paw. Fos-positive labeled cells were bilaterally increased in the amygdaloid complex, particularly in the BLA, compared to the control groups. Whereas the neuropeptide corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) plays a role in the modulatory system of defensive and antinociceptive responses to aversive situations, the Experiment 3 investigated the effects of intra-amygdala microinjections of CRF1 antagonist (CP376395) on these responses on mice exposed to the oEPM. Results showed that the antinociceptive and defensive responses did not change by the blocked of CRF1 in the amygdala. These results are suggestive that the amygdala (in particular, its BLA nucleus) plays a role in the modulation of nociceptive response induced by formalin test and in the modulation of defensive behaviors in oEPM-exposed mice.
Caracterização dos materiais lignocelulósicos da castanha do Brasil (Bertholletia excelsa), preparação e caracterização de seus compósitos com polipropileno
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-05-31)
Petrechen, Gustavo Pinto
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Ambrósio, José Donato
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9470914895315270
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8859527807505452
This research aimed to characterize the lignocellulosic materials of the Brazil nut (Bertholletia excelsa) extraction process and to develop biocomposites incorporating these materials with homopolymer and copolymer polypropylene matrices. The study and characterization of lignocellulosic materials involved the research of the socioeconomic context and the morphological, physical, chemical, thermal and mechanical behavior characteristics. The development and characterization of biocomposites involves the beneficiation and compatibilization of the lignocellulosic fillers with polypropylene-graft-maleic anhydride, the extrusion of the biocomposites in different formulations, the injection molding of test specimens and the characterization of the resulting biocomposites in relation to general physical properties, moisture absorption, thermal behavior, mechanical behavior under tensile and flexural stress, and impact resistance behavior. The results showed that the lignocellulosic materials are composed of the pericarp of the fruit and of the seed shells, respectively with three and five distinct layers, each one with its characteristics. The biocomposites presented higher hardness, higher elastic modulus, higher tensile and flexural strength, higher moisture absorption, lower impact strength and lower rupture elongation when compared to the pure polypropylenes of the matrices. The utilization of the polypropylene copolymer matrix provided better performance in relation to the impact absorption behavior. The performance of the filler from mesocarp of the pericarp biocomposities was superior to those filled with seed shells. Compared to other biocomposites, common woods and plastics, in general, the developed biocomposites showed good performance.
Distribuições preditiva e implícita para ativos financeiros
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-06-01)
Oliveira, Natália Lombardi de
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Diniz, Márcio Alves
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8948404469003829
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Campos, Adriano Polpo de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4867996651212204
We present two different approaches to obtain a probability density function for the stock?s future price: a predictive distribution, based on a Bayesian time series model, and the implied distribution, based on Black & Scholes option pricing formula. Considering the Black & Scholes model, we derive the necessary conditions to obtain the implied distribution of the stock price on the exercise date. Based on predictive densities, we compare the market implied model (Black & Scholes) with a historical based approach (Bayesian time series model). After obtaining the density functions, it is simple to evaluate probabilities of one being bigger than the other and to make a decision of selling/buying a stock. Also, as an example, we present how to use these distributions to build an option pricing formula.
Análise de políticas públicas: o Programa de Aquisição de Alimentos (PAA) em assentamentos rurais no município de Araras, estado de São Paulo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-06-01)
Villar, Gustavo Henrique do Lago
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Souza-Esquerdo, Vanilde Ferreira de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9535960068552016
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Bergamasco, Sonia Maria Pessoa Pereira
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8863899187043019
The evaluation of a public policy becomes important when it aims at important points within society, which is the generation of income for family agriculture in rural settlements and the acquisition and distribution of quality food for people at risk of food and nutritional assistance Institutions. The research had as general objective the evaluation of the PAA in the rural settlements of Araras, demonstrating the effectiveness and social cohesion and the relation of agroecology in the productive processes of these families. In this sense, the specific objectives were to analyze the quality of life and the change provoked in the productive matrices within the lots analyzed. As a theoreticalmethodological reference, this research was based on the work of scholars of neo-institutionalism in order to understand the role of institutions in the behavior of individuals affected by public policy. The data presented were obtained by questionnaires previously elaborated with information taken from the field diaries, as a methodological tool contributed to a better refinement of the discussions among the researchers. With this, we conclude that the PAA did not reach all the settlements located in Araras in an egalitarian way and does not fulfill some proposed objectives within its scope. There was no change to a significant organic productive matrix provoked by the access to the program, demonstrating a low effectiveness, just as there was no incorporation of one of the settlements due to lack of structure and disbelief in public institutions and social organization, which characterizes little social cohesion.
Secagem de materiais pastosos e granulares no leito de jorro mecânico e convencional
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-06-02)
Sousa, Robson Costa de
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Freire, Fábio Bentes
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8937961078558996
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Freire, José Teixeira
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2270677706718167
This study had the objective to assess the behavior of a mechanically spouted bed compared to a conventional spouted bed through attrition of particulate matter, thermal and mass analysis during water evaporation and through the drying of pastes and granular materials. Based on the obtained results, two mathematical models were applied to represent attrition, the CST model and the two-parameter diffusive model to describe the drying of the paste and grains, respectively. Therefore, a stainless steel spouted bed with cylindrical column of 0.95 m of height, 0.30 m of diameter, inferior and superior conical base (60° angle) with 0.30 m of diameter and 0.20 m of height. For the mechanically spouted bed dryer, a helical screw with the following measures was used: outside diameter of 0.01 m, length of 1 m, 0.70 m of spiral with diameter, and pitch of 0.0508 m. The attrition experiments were conducted with dolomite particles, and glass and alumina spheres. With the exception of the glass beads, there was attrition for the other particulate materials in both spouted beds; however, at larger proportions when the conventional set was used. It was also observed that attrition influenced the fluid dynamics of the conventional spouted bed. Of the models used, the one proposed by Gwyn (1969) provided acceptable predictions regarding the results observed in this study. For water evaporation, glass beads of 3.2 mm of diameter were used as inert particles. It was verified that operational variables (velocity, temperature and water flow) had direct influence on temperature and relative and absolute humidity of air at the outlet of the spouted bed. For the drying of pastes, skimmed milk and the glass beads employed in the water evaporation trials were used. The skimmed milk interfered in the circulation of inert particles, causing changes in the dimensionless pressure drop and air humidity at the outlet of the mechanically spouted bed dryer. Relative and absolute humidity as well as the moisture of the powder collected at the outlet of the cyclone were influenced by the operational variables. The results predicted by the CST model presented satisfactory agreement with the majority of results obtained in the skimmed milk drying experiments. When it comes to the drying of alumina spheres, the dimensionless data of grain moisture and of temperature and relative humidity of the fluid phase as a function of time were influenced by the operational conditions. The results predicted by the two-parameter mathematical model reached satisfactory accuracy regarding the observed data and allowed for a qualitative analysis of the drying operation. In general, all results obtained in this study showed behavior which is consistent with what has been observed in the literature.