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Kierkegaard e o Tractatus
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-08-11) Barros, Wagner de; Ferraz Neto, Bento Prado de Almeida; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0084436724293824; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2571015424053997
This study aims to investigate if the relationships between Kierkegaard and the Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus can be assessed from considerations about the nature of language. That would provide a philosophical justification for Wittgenstein’s claim that "Kierkegaard is the deepest thinker of the last century", as an alternative to the view adopted by some scholars that the common point between the two authors is the split between the sphere of values and the sphere of facts. It would also be possible to establish a link between the reflections of the Danish philosopher and Wittgenstein’s approach to ethics in the Tractatus; this is a point that was acknowledged by scholars but remains unclear.
Função colinérgica do núcleo do trato solitário comissural nas respostas cardiorrespiratórias à hipóxia e hipercapnia
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-08-11) Furuya, Werner Issao; Zoccal, Daniel Breseghello; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1958567557189244; Colombari, Débora Simões de Almeida; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1684467594359403; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0143751393367471
The nucleus of the solitary tract (NTS) is the primary site of visceral afferents, such as baroreceptors and arterial chemoreceptors. Recent data from our laboratory have shown that the microinjection of acetylcholine (ACh) into the commissural moiety of the NTS (cNTS) of decorticated arterially-perfused in situ preparations of male juvenile rats did not change the sympathetic nerve activity (SNA), but increased the phrenic nerve activity (PNA). Furthermore, we demonstrated that the ACh-induced responses in cNTS involve the activation of both nicotinic and muscarinic receptors. However, nicotinic receptors seem to play a more relevant role in the control of breathing, especially considering that such receptor antagonism promotes a decrease in the KCN- activated peripheral chemoreflex tachypneic response. However, the effects of specific nicotinic and muscarinic agonists in the cNTS on respiratory and sympathetic responses have not been studied yet. Once established the involvement of nicotinic receptors in the cNTS on peripheral chemoreflex ventilatory responses activated by cytotoxic hypoxia (KCN), we also evaluated the involvement of the cholinergic system in the cNTS on respiratory and sympathetic responses induced by hypercapnia or 24 h sustained hypoxia. Therefore, this project proposed to study the effects of selective activation of distinct cholinergic receptors in the cNTS on respiratory and sympathetic activities and the role of the cholinergic system in cNTS on sympathetic and respiratory activities reflex changes in response to hypercapnia or sustained hypoxia. We observed that the injection of both nicotinic and muscarinic agonists in the cNTS induces an increase in SNA and changes in the respiratory modulation pattern. The nicotinic agonist induces a decrease in respiratory frequency, as well as the blockade of the enzyme acetylcholinesterase. It was also observed that the cholinergic agonists promote an increase in the amplitude and duration of the pre-inspiratory (pre-I) period of the hypoglossal nerve and also increased the amplitude of the vagus nerve. When it comes on the protocols involving hypoxia, we observed that the cholinergic antagonists injected into the cNTS of rats previously exposed to hypoxia promoted a decrease in sympathetic activity, increased respiratory frequency, decreased hypoglossal nerve amplitude, and decreased post-inspiratory peak amplitude of the vagus nerve, but only the muscarinic antagonist decreased phrenic nerve amplitude and hypoxia-induced hypoglossal nerve pre-I increase. Regarding to the experiments with hypercapnia, we verified that the nicotinic antagonist in the cNTS inhibited the hypercapnia-induced increase in pre-I of the hypoglossal nerve. In addition, the nicotinic antagonist injected into the cNTS also potentiated the recruitment of late-E activity from the abdominal nerve. Taken together, the responses observed with the cholinergic agonists and injected into the cNTS, as well as the antagonists upon hypoxia, suggest the involvement of cholinergic pathways in the cNTS in the modulation of sympathetic and respiratory responses to sustained hypoxia. On the other hand, it seems that only nicotinic receptors in the cNTS are involved in hypercapnia-induced increase in pre-inspiratory activity and active expiration.
Análise e subjetividade : a gênese do "eu" no primeiro Wittgenstein
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-08-11) Michetti, Gustavo Gueraldini; Ferraz Neto, Bento Prado de Almeida; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0084436724293824; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3135514929921903
This dissertation aims to understand the importance of the subject to the philosophy of the first Wittgenstein. Part of the thesis that João Vergílio Cuter develops in his article "Por que o Tractatus necessita de um sujeito transcendental?" Cuter clarifies that, in the Tractatus, the subject is characterized as a logical necessity, responsible for naming and operating on the meaning of a proposition. The purpose of this dissertation is to examine, in the texts that precede the work of 1921, the genesis of this subject absolutely necessary for the constitution of the propositional meaning. To that end, I examine how the concept of analysis is closely linked to the concept of proposition in the years 1913 and 1914, in Notes on Logic and Notes dictated to Moore. I analyse how, in the Notebooks (1914-1916), this concept constitutes a problem for the autonomy of logic and for the task of philosophy. Later, in the 1915 and 1916 notes, it is noted that the "I" is closely linked to the resolution of this problem. With this examination, it is possible to recognize that the notion of subject is fundamental for the resolution of the questions present in the philosophical path of the first Wittgenstein and, therefore, it is possible to establish the genesis of this notion for the Tractatus.
A perspectiva da atividade do encanador: o caso do trabalho de manutenção no serviço público de saneamento básico na região metropolitana de Belém
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-08-11) Moreira Neto, Lauro de Souza; Menegon, Nilton Luiz; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5461487552981919; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2266283813589742
This current research had the objective of investigating the plumber's activity in the water supply service, which is a production system in which maintenance activities are essential to guarantee an important public service from the public health point of view. The waste of water also creates some negative points from the economic and environmental point of view. The workers who are involved in this activity face some ergonomics constraints in the service execution, which consequences reflect on sickness and accidents. Besides economic, environmental and work aspects, the study of these activities has an academic relevance. The case study was developed with the plumbers from the business units of a basic sanitation company that supplies almost the entire state of Pará, limiting the research only in the Metropolitan Region of Belém on the situation of leak removals in pipelines of water distribution network. Therefore, the aims of this research were to know, describe and explain, from the perspective of the activity, the work of plumbers and their forms of regulation that allow the development of the activity. Moreover, based on the understanding of the actual work, present knowledge mainly of hydraulic and some practical actions that can be useful for the improvement of the management services of the water supply. As the main guiding principle of the methodology, the Ergonomics Work Analysis (EWA) method was applied and some technical characteristics of EWA that depend on each studied situation, and which were used on the data collection, producing one synergy among the researcher and the reality of the work conditions. The research results indicated the necessity to understand how the plumbers manage the evidenced variability in the work situations, through the work schedules adaptation, reduction of muscular effort, and the organization and planning of tasks, specifically of appropriate ergonomics conditions. Knowledge management happens in the development of specific skills and abilities through the regulation of operative modes that integrate the characteristics of the means of production of the work environment, the real state of machines and equipment and the norms of the organization.
Friction riveting of aluminium alloy 6056-T6 with short-glass-fiber-reinforced polyamide 6 composite
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-08-11) Proença, Bruno Cordeiro de; Amancio Filho, Sergio de Traglia; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7609614295379921; Canto, Leonardo Bresciani; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7287108960864123; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3022309813467318
Friction Riveting (FricRiveting) is a relatively new joining technique for metal-polymer hybrid structures. This master thesis was carried out to investigate the FricRiveting process for polyamide 6 reinforced with 30 wt% short glass fiber (PA6-30GF) and aluminum alloy 6056-T6. These materials were selected because of their current joint use in automotive structures. AA6056-T6/PA6-30GF friction-riveted joints were successfully produced. Peak temperatures monitored for the process achieved between 323 °C and 399 °C leading the plastic deformation and thus anchoring of the rivet. The metallic rivet had its microstructure changed during the process, with dynamic recovery and recrystallization being observed in the anchoring zone. Microhardness in the metallic rivet decreased by 40 % of the base material hardness in the anchoring zone, due to a possible dissolution of the precipitates in the aluminum matrix and dynamic recovery and recrystallization. Polyamide 6 degradation was investigated by viscosity measurements and ATR/FT-IR, the joint with the highest level of degradation showed a reduction of 19 % on viscosity average molecular weight and an increase of 2.4 % of the carbonyl index in relation to the base material. Despite this reduction of properties, the friction-riveted joints had a good mechanical performance under tensile loading. Two joining conditions fractured through the metallic rivet outside the composite plate, achieving 92 % of the ultimate tensile strength of the metallic rivet. The influence of the process parameters on the process temperature, viscosity average molecular weight and ultimate tensile force were studied through Box-Behnken Design of experiment, response surface methodology and analysis of variance. Regression equations for these responses were estimated and validated, and an optimized condition was selected. Post joining heat treatment was performed on the optimized joining condition, resulting in an increase of the joint ultimate tensile force up to 99 % of the metallic rivet ultimate tensile force. The durability of the optimized joint was evaluated through natural weathering. An expected negative effect of weathering on the joint ultimate tensile force was observed, strength decrease of 8.4 % after 6 months and 15.5 % after 12 months of exposure.
Desenvolvimentos de uma genealogia da governamentalidade : a noção de parresia entre a ética e a política
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-08-11) Santos, Alexandre Gomes dos; Silva, Franklin Leopoldo e; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4705628195902884; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3454160802382594
Our aim with the present research is a "genealogy of governmentality" based on the investigations undertaken by Michel Foucault in the last years of the Collège de France, when notions of "spirituality", "ascesis" and "parresía" are used to articulate politics and ethics around the government of self and others, tracing the development of the "self-arts," elements of a Greek and Roman ethos, for governing arts of self and others, this through the logical chain "relations of power / governmentality / government of self and others / relation of self to you ". In addition, to point out the ethical consequences that such genealogy brings to our present, especially regarding the theme "freedom" as a possible thematic field for which we are taken from the Foucaultian studies around the aesthetics of existence.
Seleção de modelos multiníveis para dados de avaliação educacional
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-08-11) Coelho, Fabiano Rodrigues; Novelli, Cibele Maria Russo; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1011098065426388; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1142248575230930
When a dataset contains a hierarchical data structure, a possible approach is the multilevel regression modelling, which is justified by the significative amout of the data variability that can be explained by macro level processes. In this work, a selection of multilevel regression models for educational data is developed. This analysis is divided into two parts: variable selection and model selection. The latter is subdivided into two categories: classical and Bayesian modeling. Traditional criteria for model selection such as Lasso, AIC, BIC, and WAIC, among others are used in this study as an attempt to identify the factors influencing ninth grade students’ performance in Mathematics of elementary education in the State of São Paulo. Likewise, an investigation was conducted to evaluate the performance of each variable selection criteria and model selection methods applied to fitted models that will be mentioned throughout this work. It was possible to conclude that, under the frequentist approach, BIC is the most efficient, whereas under the bayesian approach, WAIC presented better results. Using Lasso under the frequentist approach, a decrease of 34% on the number of predictors was observed. Finally, we identified that the performance in Mathematics of students in the ninth year of elementary school in the state of São Paulo is most influenced by the following covariates: mother’s educational level, frequency of book reading, time spent with recreation in classroom, the fact of liking Math, school global performance in Mathematics, performance in Portuguese, school administrative dependence, gender, father’s educational degree, failures and age-grade distortion.