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Descoberta do estilo de aprendizagem pela experiência do estudante e expectativa do professor para a recomendação de REA'S
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-11-01)
Silva, Marco Antonio Colombo da
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Santos, Marilde Terezinha Prado
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9826026025118073
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5676243666925658
Now a days, many teachers and apprentices use Open Educational Resources (OER) to boost the learning teaching process. Development and popularization of the internet and various devices that support them increased interest in OERs. However, many teachers still find difficulties in adoption. The barriers encountered are technological, cultural or economical. Initiatives which freely offer the possibility of authorship and adaptation of Open Educational Resources (OERs) with no need of specific knowledge in computing, and also enable their reuse and sharing, act to mitigate such barriers. This work was done in order to develop an approach to assist the teacher in creating activities with OERs able to generate registries of their experiences, which are the basis for discovering learning style for the subsequent recommendation of other OERs that fit this style. To achive this goals, the work presents an architecture for the approach, a model for interpretation of experience using expectation, as well as a use scene and a logical design for an instance of the approach as a proof of concept.
O crescimento de espécies arbóreas em plantios de restauração florestal e sua relação com atributos funcionais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-11-01)
Reis Júnior, José Carmelo de Freitas
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Viani, Ricardo Augusto Gorne
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3250752369062840
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3014529861521751
Forest restoration research focus mainly in tree growth and survival, missing research with functional aspects that explain evaluated growth parameters. Analyze functional attributes it is one of the ways to understand ecological strategies and function variations in organisms and, so useful to evaluate behaviors on different methods of restoration. Before that, we out lined hypothesis that growth, stated in basal area, of cover tree species was reduced in dense method or in under eucaliptus canopy method when compared o conventional method with 3 x 2 m and full sun. And the growth of these species in restoration methods was related to functional attributes. Six species were evaluated in three restoration methods. The species development, evaluated by basal area, varied according to the method. Generally, trees grew more in conventional method, with intermediate grew in under canopy method, and grew less in dense method. There was interaction between growth species in the different methods. Thus, the results indicate that some species would grow better than others in certain conditions, and future research should detail this aspects, searching change species for restoration projects. The basal area grew for species in methods was little explained by variations in functional strategy to explain the behavior of cover tree species.
Segurança e Educação em debates eleitorais da Colômbia : um estudo sobre discursos políticos nas eleições presidenciais de 2010
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-11-01)
Garay, Mónica Guerrero
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Piovezani Filho, Carlos Félix
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1677609008094603
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0423003429878585
Considerando la importancia del lenguaje en la política y entendiendo el análisis del discurso político, como un campo de saber que permite la descripción de efectos de sentido dados a partir de determinadas condiciones históricas, entre las cuales encontramos el contexto político electoral y las diferentes ideologías que este comprende, este trabajo de investigación tiene como objetivo analizar los enunciados sobre seguridad y educación producidos por los candidatos Antanas Mockus Sivickas, del Partido Verde, y Juan Manuel Santos, del Partido de la U (Unidad Nacional), en los dos últimos debates electorales del período de elecciones del año 2010. Partiendo del postulado de Pêcheux en el que existe una relación constitutiva entre la lengua y las ideologías, en la medida en que esta última se materializa en la primera, cuando se produce un discurso, (Pêcheux, 2011) y a su vez Orlandi (2012) sintetiza en los siguientes terminos: “o discurso é a materialidade específica da ideologia e a língua é a materialidade específica do discurso”, es desde ese sentido que emprendemos el análisis de los enunciados sobre seguridad y educación formulados y mencionados por los dos candidatos los debates finales de las elecciones presidenciales de Colombia en el año 2010. Los análisis se iniciarán con la presentación de las condiciones de producción de los discursos, que comprenden factores del contexto electoral y la historia política de Colombia, deduciendo las ideologías que se encuentran materializadas en las formaciones discursivas, así como los recursos lingüísticos, enunciativos y textuales que los candidatos emplean en sus discursos. En resumen, la propuesta consiste en entender los discursos políticos electorales de estos candidatos Santos y Mockus, identificando y comparando sus afinidades discursivas y consecuentemente sus identidades y diferencias ideológicas. A partir del análisis de los procesos discursivos se puede constatar que los candidatos Mockus y Santos enuncian desde la posición ideológica en la que se encuentran inscritos, evidenciando en sus discursos posiciones históricas que a su vez producen diferentes efectos de sentido entre los electores.
A educação militar aeronáutica brasileira: um estudo sobre a origem da formação de oficiais aviadores para a FAB (1941-1950)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-11-01)
Bercho, Carolina Fuzaro
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Godoy, Tânia Regina Pires
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5950885336061489
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Ferreira Junior, Amarilio
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0748545841167046
The aim of this research is to analyze the formation of the Officers for the Military Aviation area from the beginning of the Ministry of Aeronautics’ creation, from 1941 to 1960 at the Aeronautics School, located in Campo dos Afonsos, Rio de Janeiro. We start from the assumption that from the 1940s onwards, the developmental initiative of Getúlio Vargas's government caused the union of the Aviation Forces in Brazil from the Creation of the Ministry of Aeronautics, and, consequently, the formation necessity of military officers for The "newcomer" Brazilian Air Force. In this context, we raise the following research question: How did the initial military education of these officers occur during and after World War II? There were prerogatives for the formation of "air warriors" through which methodological perspectives? Through the analysis of the state of the art on military education, the history of the School of Aeronautics and the collection and analysis of primary sources of research, such as the student curriculum analysis sheets and the Esquadrilha Review (elaborated by the student officers themselves). Between the years of 1941 and 1960, we will observe the educational profile and the cultural scene of the official student, its uses and customs and the routine in the form of boarding school necessary for its formation. The research contributes to the History of Education, in military format, since the object of the research involves the profile of Aeronautical Military Teaching, in a training school for Officers responsible for the air defense of the country. To speak in Military Education is to speak of methods, norms, traditions and historical legacies that refer to the beginning of education in Brazil, since the traditional educational model in the training school remains the same until the present day. Primary sources located at the University of the Air Force's Teaching Memory Center in the archives of the Air Force Academy's teaching division, legislations and interviews will serve as a database for the composition of this research.
Fazer estado, produzir ordem: sobre projetos e práticas na gestão do conflito urbano em favelas cariocas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-11-07)
Motta, Luana Dias
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Feltran, Gabriel de Santis
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6789864439048444
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1042165629261102
This thesis deals with the urban conflict in contemporary Brazil, which in recent decades has had violence as the core of its figuration. Specifically, it reflects on the contours assumed by state management in the effort to contain this conflict through social projects and programs with poor populations. Looking at state management through social projects contributes to the debate about state interventions in poverty areas by highlighting other forms of intervention besides the police action, but above all by pointing out the relationship and complementarity between management via social and that one supported by state repression. The research was developed from ethnographic work carried out in the favela Cidade De Deus (City of God), in Rio de Janeiro, focused on the routine of police-teachers assigned from the local UPP to teach courses and on the work of counselors and tutors who performed individual assistance for young people. The perceptions of these state agents about the urban conflict and about the strategies to intervene with it are synthesized from the descriptions of their daily practices with the so-called vulnerable young people. Their strategies for approaching these young people, categorizing them as dangerous or virtuous, and explaining the reasons for the different profiles signal a way of doing management that is not restricted to the Cidade de Deus. There are four dimensions of this way of doing social management to be remarked. The social origin of these state agents "on the edge" is very similar to those they deal with; when "poor people are taking care of poor people" identifications and familiarity are produced, but also hierarchies and distinctions, which allow the affections and engagements to combine with the effort to produce order and normalization. The second dimension refers to the centrality of the category of vulnerable youth, not only as a part of the population but, above all, as an operating category that integrates the grid from which the urban conflict itself is read. Making vulnerable youth legible to intervene on it is an imperative. The third dimension touches on the fact that vulnerability is the metric through which it has been possible to differentiate the poor, classifying them according to the risks of them becoming agents of violence and threat to society. The fourth dimension concerns the fact that the management of urban conflict via social does not appear as an alternative to or opposes to public security; rather the social has been constituted as a complementary form of doing public security, having its objectives strongly coupled with efforts to produce order, prevent and combat violence. In this perspective, state practices directed to poor populations are increasingly synonymous with containment of urban conflict. In this sense, observing the practices of state agents who are "on the edge" of social interventions in poverty territories allows us to reveal the "making state" in and by the efforts to produce order.
Uma abordagem para captura automatizada de dados abertos governamentais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-11-07)
Ferreira, Juliana Sabino
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Álvaro, Alexandre
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9929982894313130
Currently open government data run an important job on regards to public transparency, besides being obligated by law. But most of this data are stored in non-standard ways, isolated and independent, making it very hard for its use by third party systems providers. This work proposes the creation of an approach for capturing this open government data in an automated way, allowing its use in various applications. For that a Web Crawler was built for the capture and storing of this open government data, as well as an API for making this data available in JSON format, that way developers can easily use this data on their application. We also performed an evaluation of the API for developers with different levels of experience.
Os especialistas escolares no trabalho de mentoria : desafios e possibilidades
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-11-09)
Borges, Fabiana Vigo Azevedo
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Reali, Aline Maria de Medeiros Rodrigues
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3250195451890332
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2270770104034713
This thesis presents a research on the performance of mentors – experienced teachers that guide and support early-stage teachers in their initial teaching practice – during their participation in an online program for mentorship training (Programa de Formação Online de Mentores – PFOM). PFOM is a program offered by UFScar in distance education, with live mentorship training in public schools. The main goal of the research is to analyze the type and extent of the learning and of the contributions that these participations provoked to the knowledge base of these experienced teachers. It also aimed to observe the challenges and possibilities faced by these mentors, as well as the similarities and differences between the vary roles they have as coordinators, directors and supervisors at the school with those they had to perform during the mentorship. The research, thus, investigated how the performance of the experienced teachers as mentors contributed to their own professional development and learning, verifying whether there was any change in their knowledge base for the teaching and guiding of the early-stage teachers. To do so, a qualitative study of a descriptive-analytical nature was conducted through a detailed intervention-research carried out at PFOM, which is based on a constructive-collaborative approach and whose subjects are three participants of the program. The participants are all experienced teachers who work as a director, a coordinator and a supervisor each at a public school, and who became the mentor of early-stage teachers during their participation in the PFOM. Narratives produced by the subjects were used for data-gathering, which were analyzed under the following categories: (i) initial conceptions and beliefs about early-stage teaching and mentorship; (ii) similarities and differences between the tasks performed at school and those accomplished during the mentorship; (iii) the contributions of the program for the teaching practice of the subjects and the expansion of their docent knowledge base; and (iv) the construction of a mentor identity. Theoretically, the research is grounded on authors who study teacher education, programs for induction of early-stage teachers, the knowledge base for teaching practice, and the knowledge of teacher trainers, such as Marcelo Garcia (1999, 2009), Mizukami (2004,2010); Reali et. al (2008, 2011), Vaillant (2003, 2004), among others. At the end of the analysis, it was found that the context where the early-stage teachers teach, their academic formation and their knowledge base influence their professional practice and, thus, result in specific challenges in the classroom, which are solved with the help of the mentors – mainly based on their personal teaching experiences rather than on their expertise. Besides, it was noted occasional interferences of some tasks of the experienced teachers in their mentorship, considering the hierarchy and varied duties related to their position at the school. Therefore, special attention to contextual issues and to the amount of time required for the fulfillment of tasks related to the school position is needed when planning the mentorship. Additionally, the specific formation of mentors in induction programs is essential so they are able to well support, orient and guide, the development of early-stage teachers during their first professional practices, in order to minimize the challenges observed in the research. Accordingly, it is necessary a well-planned work of mentorship, considering the professional experience of the early-stage teachers, a reflexive teaching and guiding practice, and contextual demands.
Desenvolvimento de nanofibras poliméricas por fiação por sopro em solução visando aplicação em engenharia de tecido
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-11-09)
Paschoalin, Rafaella Takehara
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Mattoso, Luiz Henrique Capparelli
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5839043594908917
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3170218211847010
Tissue engineering is now essential for medical applications, such as in implants for biomedical devices, artificial organs, healing and skin regeneration. The success of these applications depends on the development of biomaterials, which should be accompanied by the study of biomaterial/cell interactions. In this work, nanostructured polymer mats were developed with a solution blow spinning technique (SBS). Polymers mats were characterized aiming the knowledge of their physicochemical properties as well as the processing effects and their effects in the biological response. Specifically, mats composed of poly(lactic acid) (PLA) fibers and PLA/polyethyleneglycol (PEG) blends were produced in the ratio of PLA/PEG 99:1, 95:5, 90:10 and 80:20 (m/m). PEG dissolution of the PLA/PEG polymer mats was evaluated with phosphate buffered saline (PBS) and cell culture medium. Also, the biodegradation of polymer mats was evaluated by culture in agar, which was performed by inoculating the Staphylococcus aureus bacteria on the fibers. The results of the polymer mats with PBS and cell culture medium demonstrated that after 12 hours of exposure a portion of PEG on the fiber surface was dissolved, probably due to PEG solubility in water, that can be used to adjust the polymeric fibers degradation rates. The biodegradation results allowed observing the degradation in function of the polymer fibers incubation time by means of the action of S. aureus bacteria. Cytotoxicity of mesenchymal stem cells (CTM) seeded on polymer mats were determined by the LDH release medium and MTT (Abbreviation for the dye compound 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromidefor) assay. The release of LDH into the culture medium and MTT assay demonstrated that the scaffolds are not cytotoxic. The response of immature dendritic cells (iDCs) interaction with polymers mats was analyzed. The results showed that dendritic cells physically interacted and furthermore moved along nanofibers. After contact with biomaterials DCs cells showed the costimulatory molecules levels and MHC class II were similar to the immature DCs control group. DCs retained an immature phenotype, which is characterized by low or absent expression of up regulation of surface marker and cytokines. Thus, PLA fibers and the PLA/PEG blends do not stimulated DCs maturation. PLA nanofibers and PLA/PEG blends are not cytotoxic and do not induce dendritic cell maturation then, they become interesting for tissue engineering application.
A interdisciplinaridade na ótica de graduandos da saúde
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-11-09)
Ramalho, Maria Tereza
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El-Khatib, Umaia
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8417513594802650
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Joaquim, Regina Helena Vitale Torkomian
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7719481657895650
The interdisciplinarity in health care implies the articulation between different areas of knowledge around a common health care project, which has been pointed as an alternative to the mismatch between the training of new professionals and the needs of health users. One of the main components of professional training in health is the curricular stages provided in the pedagogical projects of undergraduate courses. The Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar) has the Health School Unit (USE), a center for training and production of health knowledge in which teaching, research and extension activities are carried out, including undergraduate curricular internships. With the objective of investigating the interdisciplinarity under the eyes of undergraduate students of the courses of Physical Therapy, Gerontology, Medicine, Psychology and Occupational Therapy in curricular stages in USE, a qualitative approach was carried out. The participants were fifteen students, of the last year of the graduation, of both sexes, in the age group between twenty and twenty-six years. As a data collection technique, the semi-structured interview was used from a script with six guiding questions, which were audio-recorded, transcribed and analyzed. The results showed that undergraduates consider the interdisciplinary practice in health care as important and their contribution to the acquisition of new knowledge and knowledge, which can generate benefits for the users. They also revealed that, although interdisciplinarity is considered fundamental, its application in the daily practice of internships is far from what is considered ideal, recognizing that it demands time, interest, dedication, negotiation and dialogue among professionals with diverse academic backgrounds, as well as interaction relations between different areas of knowledge in order to qualify the health care offered. These results suggest the need for joint management and planning, based on the articulation of undergraduate courses – in order to achieve the interdisciplinary objectives contained in the Pedagogical Political Plans – and the professional learning field, the UFSCar Health School Unit, for promote and favor interdisciplinary practice in the process of training in Health.
Formação continuada na creche: fatos e fotos que revelam um percurso formativo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-11-09)
Pinto, Adriana Santos
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Fernandes, Hylio Laganá
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1315602045624096
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1788143538998611
We understand that it is important and necessary to learn about the profession and teacher training, seeking in the territory of the school the gaps and spaces to strengthen the continuous training, providing the professional basis for reflection and transformation of their practices. The present research investigated a Continuous Formation of the professionals of the nursery was held in the year 2016, and their challenges in providing professional education to raise awareness of the look for the nursery as a space of childhood and reflection on the pedagogical practice. The research presented is related to the qualitative with phenomenological approach, and its development was from the combination of strategies, investigative approaches, with semi-structured interviews mediated by photographs of the formation process searched for; technique that approaches photo-elicitation. About the choice of photographs as elicitadoras we understand that the images are producers of meanings, as well as the relevant data source, and memory. The results show that we can follow in the against-hand of the model of ongoing formation, the cartesian, where if separates the body and mind. The narratives that emerged from the interviews and the choices meaningful images of the training expressing the experiences and experiments with the elements of nature, the use of other spaces and the aesthetic sense of the organization of the environment, cause reverberations, and changes in the practice of the actors involved, revealing the possibility of another model of continuing education in the daily life of the nursery.
Reversão de função de estímulos matemáticos com procedimentos de discriminação em escolares com ansiedade à matemática
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-11-09)
Fioraneli, Rogério Crevelenti
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Elias, Nassim Chamel
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4216525883778695
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Carmo, João dos Santos
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1263046410329694
The presence of aversive control during mathematics teaching can produce a response pattern called mathematics anxiety, which involves escape and avoidance every time an individual is requested to use mathematical knowledge; besides negative physiological reaction, and negative self-attributions. Typically individuals with math anxiety, besides its mathematics difficulties, forms conceptual classes in which mathematics stimuli are associated to unpleasant and punitive events. The literature about reversals of equivalent stimuli classes has pointed out promising directions, but none study has yet been conduct to document the reversals of negative meanings of math stimuli present on pre-experimental classes of math anxiety individuals. The present study aims to: (1) reverse pre-experimental classes formed by math stimuli; (2) establish a new class with positive social aspects and math stimuli; (3) ample the data about reversals of equivalence classes; (4) inaugurate studies about reversals of classes containing pre-experimental and aversive math stimuli in individuals with math anxiety. Three studies were conducted with primary school students who presented anxiety about mathematics in response to a specific scale. The procedure will consist of pre, training and post tests involving stimuli reinforcing social patterns, non-reinforcing social patterns, abstract forms, numeric visual stimuli and reinforcing social situations. According to the results, it can be inferred that the participants showed emergence of equivalent relations, but with inconsistent data on transfer of function between the members of the established classes.
Técnicas ópticas para o controle microbiológico de sangue
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-11-09)
Corrêa, Thaila Quatrini
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Kurachi, Cristina
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0194007981724312
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Bagnato, Vanderlei Salvador
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4947860249518663
Blood, considered a highly nutritive medium, can be the target of bacterial, fungal, viral and parasitic contamination. Blood bags containing erythrocytes, platelets, and plasma, used in hemotherapy for transfusion, are also targets of contamination, which can trigger serious diseases, especially blood infections. When these infections are not detected or treated rapidly, they can progress to sepsis, a leading cause of death in intensive care units. Some optical techniques may be used in the microbiological control of blood. In this study, photodynamic inactivation and ultraviolet radiation were evaluated in the in vitro decontamination of whole blood, erythrocytes, and platelet-rich plasma with Staphylococcus aureus, one of the main bacteria related to these infections. For photodynamic inactivation of S. aureus, Photogem® with 630 nm light and Photodithazine® with 660 nm light were evaluated in PBS and whole blood, with toxicity determined by hemolysis and cell viability assays. Photogem® showed a lower hemolysis rate for erythrocytes (10.7%) evaluated in whole blood, compared to Photodithazine® (55.7%), so the other tests were performed only with Photogem®. The reductions of S. aureus in PBS, whole blood, erythrocytes, and platelet-rich plasma at 15 J/cm2 and 50 μg/mL were 7.2 log10, 1.0 log10, 1.3 log10 and 0.4 log10 CFU/mL, respectively. Quantitative and qualitative analyses of whole blood were normal. However, erythrocytes hemolysis, in the absence of plasma, was 100%. The cell viability assay showed high apoptosis rates in the isolated erythrocytes, indicating the destructive action of this technique, but normal platelet viability. Photogem® analysis with whole blood showed greater interaction with plasma, however, in the absence of plasma, Photogem® accumulated on the erythrocyte membrane. For UVC radiation (254 nm), different light doses were analyzed in S. aureus in PBS and whole blood, and the cell viability assay determined the toxicity of the technique. The reductions of S. aureus in PBS, whole blood, erythrocytes and platelet-rich plasma were 6.5 log10 (0.78 J/cm2), 1.7 log10 (23 J/cm2), 1.1 log10 (21 J/cm2) and 2.5 log10 CFU/mL (23 J/cm2), respectively. The relatively small differences in plasma uptake as a function of irradiation time were observed, suggesting little degradation of plasma proteins after irradiation with the maximum light dose (23 J/cm2). The cell viability assay showed normal rates for erythrocytes at 23 J/cm2, suggesting no damage in these cells. However, in the platelets, a high apoptosis rate was observed, indicating damage to these cell fragments in the highest light dose studied. Therefore, the optical techniques showed opposite damage effects in each blood component, and according to the decontaminated target, the use of one or another technique should be evaluated together with the best microbial inactivation and blood components preservation conditions to ensure microbiological control of blood.
Modelos sustentáveis para o tratamento de efluentes sob abordagem da gestão Ambiental
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-11-10)
Perjessy, Jaqueline Rosele
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Marques, Silvio Cesar Moral
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lattes.cnpq.br/6047434055828372
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Melo, Ismail Barra Nova de
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lattes.cnpq.br/3576937472687059
In Brazil, the sanitation sector exhibits a lack of attention to the quality of water resources, causing, in the last decades, pressures that have compromised the quality and availability of water for the population. The country is ranked among the worst countries with effluent treatment systems, where more than half of the Brazilian population does not have access to the sewage collection network, putting the health of the residents and the environment at risk. Therefore, the challenge is to promote changes in the sanitary quality management process and to initiate decentralized processes. The knowledge of non-conventional techniques aims to enable the promotion of quality of life for the population, as well as the preservation of the environment, in pursuit of sustainability. Permacultural design models for domestic sewage treatment can be applied in order to avoid inappropriate disposal in watercourses, as well as taking advantage of the benefits generated by the application of these processes. These systems in several ecovillages serves as an example of alternative social project; in addition, it can be used to clarify doubts about sanitation in the region and promote the concept of sustainable development for the whole community. The techniques used in permaculture systems for the treatment of sewage, such as compostable dry sanitation, evapotranspiration basin, circle of banana plants, biosystems and composting, transform it and add value, bringing a solution to the problems, allowing healthy ecosystems continuing to develop without being exhausted. The present work aimed to identify and describe techniques for sewage treatment, as far as its applicability, proposing an alternative due to the necessity for new paradigms and the current conditions of coverage and sanitation service in Brazil.
Michelle, Cristina e Dilma: a construção dos ethé femininos nos discursos políticos sul-americanos?
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-11-10)
Mesti, Paula Camila
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Baronas, Roberto Leiser
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4613001301744682
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8453392455009320
The transformations that took place in the history of women, the changes in political discourse, the new methodologies used in Discourse Analysis formed the backdrop for this research that focuses on the way of construction and incorporation of ethé by presidents Michelle Bachelet (Socialist Party - Chile), Cristina Fernández de Kirchner (Justicialista Party - Argentina) and Dilma Rousseff (Trabalhadores Party - Brazil). Using as corpus of analysis the videos of the television interviews made with these South American presidents, this work aimed to demonstrate interpretive gestures that showed how the images of the presidents were constructed in the statements of the questions asked by the journalists, in the statements of the answers given by these political subjects and also in the comments posted by Internet users. For that, discursive sequences were selected and analyzed in which it was verified which types of ethé were constructed by these three different instances. The analyzes of the television interviews, consisting of questions addressed to the presidents, full of stereotypes, personal questions and uninteresting questions (from the historical and economic point of view), opened the way for the considerations about the discursive ethos and the reconstruction of the image of the self in and by disours. These same personal questions made it possible to reflect on the reflected ethos, observed both in the questions proposed by journalists and in the comments posted by Internet users on YouTube videos. Finally, it should be said that with the deepening of the analyzes it was found that the current studies on the notions of reflected ethos, fixed ethos, female ethos and reconstruction of the ethos are quite productive. In this way, it is believed that this work has contributed, even if minimally, to the beginning of the dissemination and circulation of new theoretical and methodological trends on the discursive ethos in Brazil.
Cinemática escapular 3-D e ativação muscular em indivíduos com hemiparesia crônica : implicações para a reabilitação do membro superior pós-AVE
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-11-10)
Lixandrão, Maíra Carolina
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Camargo, Paula Rezende
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7602596349127054
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Salvini, Tânia de Fátima
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4391969032505723
Background: Stroke can lead to bilateral shoulder and scapular movement and muscle activation impairments that can limit the ability to perform activities of daily life (ADLs). Aims: To evaluate scapular kinematics and shoulder muscle activation in individuals with chronic stroke and its correlation to paretic arm use. Methods: Scapular kinematics and muscle activation of upper trapezius (UT), lower trapezius (LT), serratus anterior (AS), anterior deltoid (AD) and middle deltoid (MD) from 17 individuals post-stroke and 17 controls were evaluated during arm elevation and lowering in scapular and self-selected planes, and during hair combing. Paretic arm use was assessed using the Motor Activity Log (MAL-30). The scapular kinematics and muscle activation (amplitude and onset/offset) were compared among arms and groups using a two-way mixed model ANOVA. The scapular kinematics and muscle activation were correlated to MAL-30 using the Spearman correlation test. Significant p value was set at <0.05. Results: Kinematics: Paretic and non-paretic arms showed increased scapular internal rotation during arm lowering in the scapular plane, and during arm elevation and lowering in the self-selected plane compared to controls. Increased internal rotation was also found in the paretic arm during hair combing compared to controls. Increased scapular anterior tilt was observed in the paretic arm during arm elevation while performing the activity of hair combing and during arm elevation and lowering in the scapular and self-selected planes compared to controls. The non-paretic arm showed increased anterior tilt during arm elevation and lowering in self-selected plane compared to controls. Muscle activation: Compared to controls, the paretic and non-paretic arms presented decreased LT and MD activation during arm elevation in all planes, and decreased AD activation during arm elevation in scapular plane. Both arms of post-stroke group presented decreased LT activation during arm lowering in scapular and self-selected planes, and delayed MD activation during arm lowering in self-selected plane and to comb their hair. Paretic and non-paretic arms showed delayed SA, UT and LT onset in self-selected plane. The paretic arm also presented delayed onset of these muscles during hair combing compared to controls, and a delayed UT offset in self-selected plane compared to LT and SA. All groups presented delayed SA onset in scapular and self-selected planes, compared to UT. Scapular kinematic and muscle activation alterations were not correlated to paretic arm use. Conclusions: Individuals with chronic stroke showed bilateral alterations in scapular kinematics and shoulder muscle activation. However, these alterations are not correlated to paretic arm use.
Músicas que ultrapassam as estruturas regidas por números : uma análise de práticas matemáticas em construções de instrumentos musicais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-11-13)
Camargos, Chrisley Bruno Ribeiro
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Caldeira, Ademir Donizeti
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8185048034258055
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8183373318289473
The aim of this research is to show how the practices expressed in the relations, discussions and the scenarios of musical instrument constructions are not restricted to a mathematical practice that can be considered scholarly or academic; thus, such mathematics will be discussed from the perspective of the situated practices. This work is a qualitative approach field research which presents an ethnography bias, because it is a work in which the researcher spent about two years in a Music Course, following from within the classes and musical practices. The data produced refer mainly to: the researcher's field journal, related to the subjects of the Music Course of a public university; questionnaires applied to students; to the teacher's written observations of the field journal notes; the videos made in the presentations of some classes and the reports of the students that were made available by the professor of the courses. The courses analyzed involve creation and experimentation of musical instruments and they were observed during the year 2015. As a theoretical basis for the discussions and analyzes of the data produced, theories concerning the Wittgensteinian philosophy, as well as notions about social practices and situated practices described by the authors Lave and Wenger were used. As a context for arguments about the theoretical musical aspect, ideas related to authors about a contemporary and experimental type of music that is not limited to a system pertinent to a dialectic of heights and chronometric times were used. It is considered that experimental music would be a cultural form, in which the paths and scenarios are designed and by which the participants create their instruments. Through the analyzes and discussions raised, taking into consideration the theoretical aspects studied and described, it was verified that, among the several types of mathematical practices observed, some can be considered within the limits of academic or school mathematics, especially in other situations, the activity scenarios outline new ways in which apprentices or young masters are concerned with instrumental sounds, with the material / visual forms, or with the musical system they intend to create. In this way, the observed mathematics begins to participate in a new game, which requires approximations, which requires musical knowledge; the "exactly like this" gives way to forms of approximation, and, at certain moments, mathematics is abandoned and give way to what some musicians call ways of perception. This allows us to affirm that in the observed practices in which aspects related to experimental music are established, the structures imposed by the mathematical model of the same temperament or musical notation score have become a "slippery ice", for which, however, it was necessary to walk on.
A construção contraditória do discurso identitário no cancioneiro de Soledad Pastorutti no contexto do folclore argentino
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-11-14)
Souza, Nathan Bastos de
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Miotello, Valdemir
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9131819326282708
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4592348231762682
This dissertation aims to investigate the presence of contradiction indexes that materialize themselves in Soledad Pastorutti’s identity discourse, within her folk music body of work (corpus), while pointing toward otherness, through an analysis of the dialogic relations between folk corpora, their context of production, the music industry narrative, a few biographical reports, and a few songs. This dissertation’s theoretical approach is taken from bakhtinian theory and focuses mainly on the subjects of analysis of contradiction, ambivalence, and bivocality. The methodology of the analysis is based on the notion of text comparison and takes ideological signs as the materialization of social value attribution in language. The results confirm the thesis that the identity discourse in Soledad Pastorutti’s folk music corpus is built under the auspices of self-contradiction, given that within the limits of a single linguistic unit – sometimes a word, sometimes a whole sentence – two voices can be heard: a first one, more apparent, which defends the identity discourse while attacking the “other”, and a second one, less apparent, which shows how far identity constitutes itself in relation to otherness. In other words, the resistance to otherness is ambivalent, bivocal, and contradictory, inasmuch as the discourse that attacks others constitutes itself in difference. It is an identity discourse founded on the contradiction of repealing what is actually constitutive.
Envelhecimento de pessoas com deficiência intelectual: qualidade de vida
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-11-14)
Gimenes, Priscila Alvarenga Cardoso
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Denari, Fátima Elisabeth
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5575213011914394
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4587753636816706
From primitive societies to present days, changes in the conceptions, ideas and paradigms that govern social participation and care for people with disabilities have been occurring. These changes, associated with the increase in the life expectancy of population in general, have culminated in an unprecedented context that is the aging of the population with intellectual disabilities. This fact indicates the need to review the actions aimed to these people throughout their lives, in order to enable them to live their old age with a better quality of life and to institute public policies and specific services aimed to the care of elderly people, with intellectual disability, and to the care of their families. With the purpose of contributing to the construction of knowledge about this phenomenon, the present study aims to identify the main characteristics of people with disabilities who reached old age and how they evaluate their quality of life. For that, an empirical and exploratory research was conducted, based on phenomenological understanding, with a qualitative approach. Data collection instruments that were used: a structured interview to survey sociodemographic and functional characteristics of elderly people with intellectual disability and of their caregivers; and semi-structured interviews with elderly people with intellectual disability who presented conditions of comprehension and verbal communication, seeking to understand the meanings of psychological, social, political and historical nature in their speeches that relate to their perception of quality of life. A total of 35 people with disabilities in the aging process and their caregivers participated in the survey responding to the questionnaire on the sociodemographic and functional aspects; of these total, 19 also participated in the semi-structured interview. With this study, it was possible to understand some aspects related to aging process of people with intellectual disabilities linked to demographic transition of population in general, to social, economic, technological and scientific transformations and to characteristics of an aging people without disabilities. Also, to present the specificities of socioeconomic profile, functionalities and aspects of quality of life of elderly people with intellectual disability in the city studied, compared to results of previously published researches. The results suggest that people with disabilities in aging process, who participated in the research, have many differences among them, constituting a considerably heterogeneous group, and although they need specific care in the area of health, education and assistance to live an active aging, they evaluate their quality of life as positive. It was also possible to verify the need for greater support for the relatives of these people.
Estudo do método de mistura das suspensões precipitadas (MPS) para a síntese de catalisadores de tungstênio suportado em zircônia (WOx/ZrO2)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-11-16)
Piva, Diógenes Honorato
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Urquieta-González, Ernesto Antonio
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2389975677904655
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Morelli, Márcio Raymundo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0172837599844991
Zirconia-supported tungsten oxide (WOx/ZrO2) is one of the main acid catalysts. The development of new methods for its preparation has been widely studied lately. This thesis presents a study of a new synthesis method, named Mixed Precipited Suspension (MPS), to prepare WOx/ZrO2 catalysts. This method consists in the mix of the precipitated suspensions containing the elements of interest, appropriate homogeneity during the mixing step and activation by heat treatment. The dependence of the catalyst properties were investigated as function of synthesis conditions (time and temperature during the mixing step), tungsten content and calcination temperature. The catalysts were characterized and their activity evaluated for oxidative desulfurization (ODS) of model fuel containing dibenzothiophene (DBT). Results show that high mixing time of the suspensions increase the tetragonal ZrO2 phase concentration and the surface area of the catalysts. Furthermore, an improvement of the activity is observed in the catalysts obtained after larger mixing time, which was attributed to the high dispersed distorted Zr-WOx clusters, polytungstate species and no formation of crystalline WO3. The presence of tungstite and the increase of the temperature during the mixing step are prejudicial to achieve highly active catalysts. In addition, the increase in the WOx surface density to values above the monolayer surface coverage (4.5 W nm-2) aid the formation of active species and, consequently, catalysts more effective. Moreover, MPS method manteined the nominal composition and prepared catalysts with higher activity than those obtained by impregnation, for all calcination temperature studied. These results demonstrate the potentiality of MPS method for preparing WOx/ZrO2 catalysts.
Complexos metálicos luminescentes com ácidos fenólicos coordenados: alvos seletivos a mitocôndrias e mapeamento da atividade antioxidante in vitro e in vivo por técnicas fluorescentes
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-11-16)
Silva, Eldevan Santos
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Carlos, Rose Maria
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1589143355309943
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3658375577541136
In this work, the syntheses and characterizations of the complexes are presented, cis-[Mg(phen)(iso)(H2O)3](CH3COO) and [Mg(RPA)(iso)(H2O)(OH)], where phn =phenanthroline, iso= isovanillic , and N-(9-(2-(((4-((1,10-phenanthrolin-5-yl)carbamoyl)benzyl)oxy)carbonyl)phenyl)-6-ethylamino) -3H-xanthen-3-ylidene)-N-ethylethanaminium bromide (RPA) by elemental analysis of C, H, N and thermogravimetric analysis and by NMR of 1H and 13C, 2D COSY and DOSY. Compared to isovanillic acid, the complexes obtained are stable in the solid state, in aqueous solution and are not photodegradable. The insecticidal activity of cis-[Mg(phen)(iso)(H2O)3](CH3COO) in the form of the baits (2.0mgg-1) investigated against leaf-cutting ants of the genus Atta sexdens rubropilosa presented a mode of action slow with 100% mortality on the sixth day, S50 = 2b, and complete inhibition of the development of the symbiotic fungus leucoagaricus gongylophorus. This complex did not show any toxicity to aquatic environment when exposed to paulistinha fish (Zebrafish) for 96 hours at a concentration of 2.0 mgL-1. It also showed no toxicity in the terrestrial environment. In this chronic study during 21day, male Wistar rats were treated with cis-[Mg(phen)(iso)(H2O)3](CH3COO) complex saline solution via intraperitoneal (3.0 mg/kg). Behavioral studies (open field, forced swimming and high cross labyrinth) have suggested that this complex possesses characteristics of anxiolytic drugs. Complex I has high inhibition capacity to oxygen reactive species (1O2, O2•‾), with IC50 below 100M. It has presented excellent inhibition of lipid peroxidation (ROO•, LO•) investigated in pork samples with IC50 at the scale 500 mmolL-1. complex, presented in this work, opens a new horizon of applications in agricultural, medic, and food areas.