Browsing by Issue Date, starting with "2018-02-16"

Filter results by year or month

Now showing 1 - 20 of 13545

Preparação e caracterização de sílicas híbridas com surfactantes catiônicos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-02-16)
Silva, Laura Lorena da
;
Cardoso, Dilson
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2462847535959232
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1831331222186951
The silica with structure MCM-41 has a hexagonal mesoporous arrangement with one dimensional pore system. This silica as synthesized contains cations (usually the CTA+) in your pores and catalytic sites with basic character due to the presence of anions siloxy (≡SiO-) associated with these cations. In this work, the synthesis route of MCM 41 silica was modified using a cationic surfactant different from the usual CTABr (cetyltrimethylammonium bromide), variation in the synthesis composition and sources of hydroxyl ion. Among a large number of cationic surfactants, the CADMABr (cetilalildimetilamônio bromide), CPyBr (cetylpyridinium bromide) and CnTABr (alkyltrimethylammonium bromide) were used. The CADMABr differs from CTABr by the substitution of a methyl group with hydrophilic head for an allyl group, the CPyBr has a pyridine group in place of the trimethylamine, while the CnTABr has a change in the number of carbon atoms in the hydrophobic tail. The hybrid silicas were synthesized using different molar ratios of surfactant and sources of hydroxyl ion, keeping the temperature at 30 °C and synthesis time in 2 hours. The surfactants were characterized by electric conductivity, in order to determine the critical micelle concentration (CMC) and their aqueous dispersions at different concentrations by small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) to verify the micellar behavior. The hybrid silicas were characterized using the X-ray diffraction (XRD) for phase identification, together with thermogravimetry (TGA), nitrogen physisorption and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). In addition, the X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) was measured to verify the basicity of the siloxy sites (≡SiO-) with the modification of the cations in the hybrid silicas synthesis. The catalytic properties of these silicas were evaluated using the transesterification model reaction of monoester and the transesterification reaction of vegetable oil to biodiesel manufacture, both under mild conditions. The results show improvement in catalytic stability with increasing basicity and the molar ratio of Surfactant: SiO2 of the silicas synthesis mixture. In addition, the hybrid silicas obtained by the method of Araújo et al. (2013) modified, with higher molar ratio Surfactant: SiO2, had higher values of IR (%) and smaller particle size.
Construção empírica do conceito de infância: o significado de Infância para os professores da Educação Infantil de São Carlos - SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-02-16)
Calderan, Andréa
;
Gomes, Luiz Roberto
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4768579559449929
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1763993732987192
In the last years the concept of childhood has gained new meanings, as well as the children's practices. Perhaps the greatest challenge of these new meanings lies within the school context in dealing with the child pluralism. In order to analyze how schools have been dealing with the transformations of the concept of childhood and its plurality, this work has sought to analyze the present concept of childhood in a kindergarten. To this end, this work sought to analyze the main educational policies that focus on Early Childhood Education, as well as to know more closely the daily life of a school, its teachers and its pedagogical practices. The theoretical-methodological contribution of the Objective Hermeneutics was used in this work from the data collection to the analysis of the interviews with the teachers. Finally, the Critical Theory of Society was used as a theoretical basis to carry out a final analysis on the themes that permeated the study. With the conclusion of the study, it was possible to verify that the school is not carried by a single conception of childhood, since this conception is diversified from different factors: based on the policies, between the formations of its teachers, its pedagogical proposals or, even in the problem of child's adultifying, which goes beyond the walls of the school.
Letramento matemático e histórias infantis : significações matemáticas em um 2º ano do ensino fundamental
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-02-16)
Souza, Talita Fernanda de
;
Passos, Cármen Lúcia Brancaglion
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2297203444364327
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8092897619486496
This research is based on a qualitative methodological approach and investigates the mathematical meanings produced by Second Grade students and how they are evidenced when in the Mathematical teaching with children’s stories, in order to answer the research question: “What is the process of mathematical meanings of a Second Grade student in a teaching combining children’s histories and numeracy?”. Through a partnership between the researcher and the teacher of a Second Grade class, children’s histories were used as a pedagogical resource in the Mathematical teaching. Since this proposal was part of the PNAIC of numeracy (BRASIL, 2014), a program dedicated to the training of literacy teachers, we established as a requirement that the partner teacher had been part of such program. The analysis of the student’s mathematical meanings was based on transcriptions of recorded lessons when children’s histories were used as a pedagogical resource; students answers for problematizations based on such histories; and an interview with the partner teacher. For the data analysis, we choose three categories: the first with respect to the mathematical meanings demonstrated by the students in the moments of reading and discussion of the children’s histories; the second refers to the students mathematical meanings when solving problems based on the children's book; and the third category refers to the teacher’s perception of the students learning of Mathematics regarding the children’s histories approach, it’s usage and the partnership. We can highlight that the student’s mathematical meanings are contextually present and they are related to mathematical concepts presents in the children’s histories used for the Mathematical teaching during the research. The students connected mathematical concepts, the histories narrative, and daily and nondaily concepts, evidencing such meanings on reading, problem-solving, and socialization via orality, writing and drawing. We believe that the teacher’s performance during the lessons was essential to produce meanings by the students, serving them as a model for literacy. Moreover, we could observe how a PNAIC proposal was developed in class, bringing up relevant questions about teaching and teacher’s training.
Tradutor e intérprete de Libras: construção da formação profissional
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-02-16)
Giamlourenço, Priscila Regina Gonçalves de Melo
;
Vilaronga, Carla Ariela Rios
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6536774151778096
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9677657445752040
The process of deaf people inclusion in different social spaces becomes possible, mainly, by the professional practice of the translator and interpreter of Libras (Brazilian Sign Language), that to do it presupposes a condition of formation that contemplates the political and social advances in deafness´s field. The profession, recently recognized in Brazil, is consolidated, among others, by the social movements of deaf community, in which one this professional reflects expressive participation. In this sense, the present research aims to investigate the professional development of Libras translator and interpreter, specifically, to analyze the significant formative experiences and to characterize the formative processes. To do so, based on an interview with open questions, the construction of the professional training of translators and interpreters working in a city in the interior of the State of São Paulo is investigated. The participants of this research, three translators and interpreters of Libras, were indicated by local deaf association and through an interview with a script validated in a pilot study they shared the formative experiences considered significant. The qualitative study sought to apprehend contents and meanings of the formative processes in the construction of professional training, and the investigation allowed to contemplate that this training can be occur in a plural ways by the community formation, by the systematized formation and by the formation in service. The analyzes allowed to visualize that the formative plurality of the subjects studied is constructed from a reflexive posture based on the knowledge of the languages, based on the participation of the professional in the deaf community, on the linguistic exchange with deaf fluent in Libras, as well as the sharing with interpreters and professionals more experients. It is also worth noting the professional development of the knowledge built from the systematic training, the possible knowledge of being produced and reproduced in the continuous formation, the participation in events of the area and in the formation throughout the performance. It is understood that the critical reflection of the professional doing is determined by the formative processes, which also determine the own critical reflection and the construction of the professional formation. It is necessary more investigations that contemplate the object of study in question, having seen the dynamic movement inherent the actions of inclusion of the deaf in society and the valorization of the profession in the labor market, this research sought to compose the theoretical framework of the area that has reached a broad level, mainly, after the legislation of recognition and appreciation of Libras. The knowledge reflected in the study, although the limits of the research, seek to contribute to the professional training of the translator an interpreter of Libras
Indivíduos com Teste de Assistência Escapular positivo apresentam alterações na cinemática escapular e força muscular?
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-02-16)
Ribeiro, Larissa Pechincha
;
Camargo, Paula Rezende
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7602596349127054
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5136879002520200
Introduction: The Scapular Assistance Test has as principle the therapist to manually assist the scapula in upward rotation and posterior tilt during arm elevation performed by the patient in an attempt to reduce pain and increase arm range of motion of the arm. However, it is not yet clear in the literature if individuals with this test as positive really present scapular movement patterns and muscle strength different from those with the test as negative. Objective: The aim of this study was to compare scapular kinematics, characterize the coordination between scapula and humerus, and to compare muscle strength in individuals with unilateral shoulder pain with positive and negative Scapular Assistance Test. Methods: Sixty individuals with shoulder pain participated in the study and were allocated to one of the two groups: positive Scapular Assistance Test (n=30) and negative Scapular Assistance Test (n=30). Scapular kinematics during elevation and lowering of the arm in sagittal plane, and muscle strength of serratus anterior, lower trapezius and external rotators of the arm were assessed in all individuals. The coordination between scapula and humerus was analyzed in qualitative way during the entire range of elevation and lowering of the arm and from the beginning of the painful arc. Results: There was no group x angle interaction (p>0.05) and no group main effect (p>0.05) during internal rotation and upward rotation of the scapula. There was no group x angle interaction (p<0.05) during posterior tilt of the scapula, but there was group main effect during elevation (p<0.05) and lowering (p<0.05) of the arm, whereas the group with positive Scapular Assistance Test presented greater anterior tilt of the scapula. The group with positive Scapular Assistance Test had greater contribution of the internal rotation and lower of the posterior tilt of the scapula from the beginning of the painful arc. There was no difference (p>0.05) in the strength of the serratus anterior, lower trapezius and external rotators of the arm between both groups. Conclusion: The positive Scapular Assistance Test appears to be able to identify subgroups of individuals who exhibit reduced posterior tilt of the scapula, and increased internal rotation of the scapula during the painful arc of arm elevation. The pain seems to influence the coordination between scapula and humerus during the painful arc. There are no differences in upward rotation of the scapula, and in the strength of the serratus anterior, lower trapezius and external rotators of the arm among the individuals with shoulder pain.
Efeitos da bandagem elástica na propriocepção do ombro e desempenho sensório-motor durante atividade de beber em indivíduos hemiparéticos crônicos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-02-16)
Santos, Gabriela Lopes dos
;
Russo, Thiago Luiz de
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2755480908047791
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1832255035854519
Around 50 to 70% of subjects post-stroke presented reduction of upper limb (UL) function even during chronic phase. Therefore, several therapeuticstrategies have been proposed. Anadjuvant technique widely used in neurorehabilitation istheapplication of elastic tape (taping). However, its efficacy in the treatment of post-stroke subjects still require further investigation. Objectives: Toverify the immediate effects of taping applied on paretic shoulder on proprioception (joint position sense -JPS) and sensorimotor performance of UL during functional task (drinking). Methods: Thirteen subjects with chronic hemiparesis were randomly allocated into two groups: 1) those who received Sham Tape (ST) first and after one month they received Elastic Tape (ET); 2) those who received Elastic Tape (ET) first and after one month they received Sham Tape (ST). JPS was assessed using a dynamometer and quantified by absolute error of shoulder at 30° e 60° of abduction and flexion. Sensorimotor performance during drinking task was assessed using tridimensional analysis and quantified by spatiotemporal and scalar kinematic parameters (starting angles, rangeof motion, and angles at the end) as well as by study of time-normalized kinematic waveforms of trunk, scapula, shoulder and elbow through Statistical Parametric Mapping analysis. Tapes were applied on deltoid muscle (anterior, middle, and posterior)without tension followingthe muscle facilitation direction. All assessments were performed before and 10 minutes aftertapes application. Results: No differences were observedbetween groups at baseline for all variables. In the taping condition, both groups decreased absolute error for all movements and angles (moderate effect), improved shoulder position (moretomidline), reduced scapula protraction and trunk flexion with no changes in spatiotemporal parameters. In addition, taping provided an improvement in shoulder elevation, scapula lateral rotationand elbow extension (small to medium effects). No effects of sham tape were observed for both groupsin any variable. Conclusion: Taping provided an improvement in the shoulder JPS and UL joint motions during functional activity, pointing to its role as adjuvant therapy.
Pigmentos inorgânicos como tema para interdisciplinaridade e contextualização no ensino de química
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-02-16)
Volpe, André Luís Della
;
Marques, Rosebelly Nunes
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7921735904003583
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2909445423484956
This paper presents the results obtained during the development of a didactic, interdisciplinary and contextualized alternative, using an approach that promoted elements of the Science-Technology-Society (CTS) and History and Philosophy of Science (HFC) movements. Three Didactic Sequences (SDs) were elaborated for the teaching of General and Inorganic Chemistry concepts, emphasizing the study of the inorganic functions and the synthesis of inorganic compounds. Within this proposal, guided by the official documents of Brazilian education, Chemistry and its relation with the use of Inorganic Pigments (IPs) in the social-historical scenarios played a fundamental role in the development of the aforementioned contents. The research methodology used in this work was characterized as qualitative, seeking a better understanding of the problem researched from observations directly extracted from the subjects with whom the researcher sought to establish a direct interaction. From the application and analysis of the previous questionnaires and characterization of the profile of the institution where the research was developed, SDs were elaborated that related the contents with the pictorial use of the PIs. The first SD dealt with oxides chemistry in rock paintings; the second SD dealt with the Acids, Bases and Sals involved with the pigments used in the Egyptian funerary murals (both SDs applied to students of the High School Integrated to the Technician in Chemistry); the third SD approached in an integrated way the Chemistry of the four Inorganic Functions from the perspective of the works of the natural artist of Capivari, Tarsila do Amaral (applied in Chemistry Technician in the Concomitant / Subsequent modality). After the application of the SDs, the materials produced by the students (mock-ups, panels, written evaluations and technical-scientific reports) were analyzed and it was possible to verify evidence of the presence of elements of CTS and HFC the occurrence of learning chemistry, but also a more humanistic and integrated approach to social aspects, as recommended in the National Curricular Parameters for High School (PCNEM). This research also made possible the students' contact with aspects related to the creativity of the Chemical Science and its contribution to the Plastic Arts, a role little explored by textbooks.
Análise do desempenho de gráficos de controle X-Bar considerando diferentes estimadores do desvio padrão
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-02-16)
Sobue, Cássio Eduardo Faria
;
Oprime, Pedro Carlos
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9291517431456908
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0615356356531238
The reference works about control charts consider the statistical parameters as known to calculate the control limits. However, in the last decades, the literature about SPC (Statistical Process Control) has indicated a difference between the theoretical and the real performance of control charts which use estimated statistical parameters, increasing the incidence of false alarms. Reference researchers in SPC, as Castagliola and Chakraborti, propose new designs of control charts, improving the performance of Shewhart’s control charts. This work aims to compare the X-bar control charts performance, using five standard deviation estimators, based on the analysis of proportion of ARL values (Average Run Length, the average number of samples until the incidence of a false alarm) in the interval between 0 and 200 of the ARL distribution and varying the sample size and the number of the samples. The five estimators are: the estimator calculated from the average sample range; the estimator calculated from the average sample standard deviation; the estimator calculated from the pooled standard deviation divided by the result of c4 (constant influenced by the sample size) in function of ν (number of degrees of freedom, resultant from the number of samples times the sample size minus one); the estimator calculated from the pooled standard deviation times the result of the constant c4 in function of ν; and the estimator based only on the pooled standard deviation. The method applied is the simulation, developing five programs to simulate productive in-control processes, each one for each standard deviation estimator. After the comparison of proportions, the third estimator is indicated for the situation with the lowest samples values tested (m=20 and n=5 and n=10), and the first estimator is indicated for the situation with the highest samples values tested (m=200 and n=5 and n=10). Only for m=100 and n=10, there is no evidence that proves an estimator has a better performance than another. This work also proved that the sample size and the number of samples influence the performance of the control charts.
“Entre lírios e delírios”: a (des)institucionalização e as (re)invenções do feminino na saúde mental de Sorocaba
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-02-16)
Momberg, Thaiga
;
Garcia, Marcos Roberto Vieira
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3911188481669270
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3928826225965966
The present study sought to investigate the specificities of women in the process of deinstitutionalization in the city of Sorocaba/SP, considering how gender issues are articulated with their tutelage and / or independence. It also sought to understand how the women currently living in the Therapeutic Residences Services (SRTs in Portuguese) experience their independence, taking into account all the historical silencing experienced by institucionalized women and the stigma of the madness attributed to them. Participant observation and interviews were carried out in two SRTs where these women live. The bibliography used showed that female sexuality is a locus of control across history, bringing an interface with madness. The results demonstrated devices of control of sexuality and femininity in the asylum, and also outside them, leading to the infantilization and tutelage of the residents. From this, it is necessary to intersect the discussion of the thematic, problematizing the peculiarities about femininity, considering the questions strongly present regarding gender, race and class.
A Educação das relações étnicorraciais na creche : trançando as mechas da legislação federal, formação e prática das professoras
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-02-16)
Alves, Elizabeth Conceição
;
Nakayama, Bárbara Cristina Moreira Sicardi
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9746628149674449
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0646640714425766
This study presents a research in association with Núcleo de Estudos e Pesquisas sobre Narrativas, Formação e Trabalho Docente -NEPEN (Study and Research Center of Narratives, Teachers´ Education and Practice). It was developed in the Graduate Program of Education of the Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar), Sorocaba Campus. This dissertation aims at answering the following research question: What are the perceptions of daycare teachers about the implications and consequences of de courses that deal with race relations for their pedagogical training and practice? The aim is tounderstand the challenges that daycare teachers face in dealing with racial issues. To answer the research question, a qualitative study was adopted and a questionnaire was applied to daycare Center teachers who had taken, in 2016, the Ethnic–Racial Relationship courses in continuing studies offered by the City education board in Campinas-SP. The theoretical and methodological bases rely on the contributions to revive the stories of the daycare center by Kramer (1984), and Rosemberg (1984;2012). Concerning racial issues, the references were Gomes (2011; 2012), Monteiro (2010). Oliveira; Abramowicz (2010), Dias Bento (2010) were consulted to understand Child Education and Education of the Ethnic-Racial Relationships: Candau (2007), Gonçalves e Silva (2011) and Freire (2008) contributed to the concepts presented here. The methodology for analisis was based on, Formosinho (2009), Bardin (1997) and Franco (2005). The results imply that there are developments of the courses on Ethnic –Racial Relationship, offered in teacher’s continuing education, shown on both the pedagogical formation and practices. However more investment is needed in political action regarding racial issues. The teachers now recognize that there is racism in the context of education and have, as a result, invested in better pedagogical practices.
O eu, o outro e o nós: um caminho para compreender a diversidade na educação física escolar na perspectiva das crianças
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-02-19)
Francisco, Cristiane Pereira de Souza
;
Alves, Fernando Donizete
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3812723309905378
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9314655403204888
Throughout its history, Physical Education has divided many people by excluding them from its training as they aim for healthy and strong bodies, due to ideas embedded in its concept. However, as well as the historical context, Physical Education has been changing to fit into this adjustment, which currently requires including “everybody” in its trainings. With this new context, I aimed to understand how Diversity has been addressed in School Physical Education classes; but I aimed to go beyond on what teachers, specialists and renowned authors say about such theme. I aim to consider Diversity from the view of children of the 1st grade of Elementary Scholl and answer to the following question: on the situations experienced in School Physical Education classes: how do they lead children to comprehend the Diversity around them? For them, what Diversity is? How do they live with such Diversity? These are three questions that complement each other within the same research field and that support our target, which is to understand and research Diversity around the universe of children of the 1st grade of Elementary Scholl during the trainings and conversations about School Physical Education. The method used was a qualitative research based on the participant observation and round table, aiming to collect information and carried out in the first semester of 2017 in a state school of Araraquara city. The information gathered with the children lead me to develop three categories, namely: me and the other; the Cultural Diversity around the children’s universe and the Cultural Diversity in Physical Education classes. Therefore, I could realize that, even before the challenge in School Physical Education classes, the Cultural Diversity around the children’s universe is clear in the social markers of diversity, such as skin color, height, weight and gender. In addition to these markers, other dialogues arise in conversations about the differences of race and ethnic relations and relations with special education, gender and religion. I also found that, for the children, Cultural Diversity has several meanings: from fun and playing to differences between people. All that surrounded by interactions that are not always easy to handle, where everybody wants to speak, even if they are not heard. Due to the Cultural Diversity, often their actions are not challenged; for this reason, they freely act to immediately solve questions and to continue playing or talking.
Análise cinemática dos membros inferiores e morfofuncional dos músculos do quadril e suas relações com a cinética de mulheres com e sem dor patelofemoral
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-02-19)
Nunes, Guilherme Silva
;
Serrão, Fábio Viadanna
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8137335642635433
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0722121177593722
Approximately 10% to 20% of the population is affected by patellofemoral pain (PFP), with higher prevalence in females. Last years, proximal factors to the knee joint have been related to PFP, such as poor control of hip movements in weight-bearing activities and weakness in hip muscles. The objectives of the present thesis were to compare females with and without PFP regarding muscle function of the hip and knee muscles, morphology of the gluteus medius and maximus, landing biomechanics from jumps, and to correlate muscle function and kinematic outcomes with the impact measure during landings. The objective of the present thesis were also to compare individuals with and without PFP regarding hip muscle function clinically evaluated and to review the literature regarding the methods for patellofemoral stress calculation. Hip abductors and extensors and knee extensors muscle function (rate of force development, power and torque) was evaluated using an isokinetic dynamometer. Morphology of the gluteal musculature was evaluated using ultrasonography. Landing biomechanics was assessed using a camera system and force plate. For the clinical evaluation, hip abductors and extensors strength was evaluated isometrically using hand-held dynamometer and dynamically using 10 repetitions maximum tests, hip abduction and extension power were assessed using a linear position transducer, and endurance was assessed using the maximum number of repetitions. Females with PFP had deficits in muscle function compared to asymptomatic females including lower power and strength of hip abductors and extensors and knee extensors. During landings, females with PFP generated greater impact combined to lower hip, knee and ankle range of motion in the sagittal plane. Clinically evaluated, individuals with PFP had lower strength and power of hip abductors and extensors compared to asymptomatic individuals. Finally, the literature presents inconsistencies regarding the methods for patellofemoral stress calculation and no valid method is defined as gold standard. Therefore, different factors related to muscle function should be considered during PFP rehabilitation, especially muscle power. Interventions targeting impact and movement control during landings may also be useful.
Avaliação experimental de um ciclone adaptado com bocais pulverizadores de água
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-02-19)
Achiles, Ana Elisa
;
Béttega, Vádila Giovana Guerra
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0752059622240208
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6581211792042747
Brazil is a world leader in the production of sugar and ethanol by using sugar cane. Nonetheless, in order to supply the energy demands of this sector, the sugarcane bagasse is used as a fuel in boilers and its burning generates a significant quantity of particulate matters which are highly nocive to the environment and human beings' health. Thus, this study objectives to evaluate, empirically, the performance of a cyclone adapted with liquid atomization nozzles for the purpose of collecting ashes that are derived from the burning of sugarcane bagasse and have median volumetric diameter of 7,47 μm. So, the behavior of collection efficiency and pressure drop was investigated through varying of the following parameters: gas inlet velocity (from 8,02 to 13,57 m/s); atomizer nozzle position; liquid-gas ratio (from 0,10 to 0,43 L/m³) and atomizer type (hollow and full cone). The overall collection efficiency was determinated by using the isokinetic sampling technique and the grade efficiency was obtained through the Aerodynamic Particle Sizer spectrometer. The results indicated that to atomize water into cyclones with a liquid-gas ratio of 0,43 L/m³ increased, significantly, the overall collection efficiency from 81,00 to 98,44%, and decreased the pressure drop from 657,1 to 392,3 Pa. With regarding to the grade efficiency, it was checked that water atomization increased, expressly, the fine particulate removal (PM_2,5) which are extremely harmful to human health. Furthemore, it was verified that the gas inlet velocity; the atomizer nozzle position; the liquid-gas ratio and the drop size distribution are parameters that affect the wet cyclone performance. Also, it was found out that the water spraying in cyclones declined, considerably, the outlet temperature of the gaseous stream in 20,2 °C, and raised its relative humidity in 42,5%. In general, it was achieved that water atomization in cyclones improves the performance of this equipment, especially the fine particles collection, apart from promoting the gas cooling and humidification. Hence, the wet cyclone showed to be a promising technology in removing particulate matter from gaseous stream.
Discursos (des)valorizados sobre a avaliação: compreensão dos movimentos discursivos da ABMES e da Andifes no mercado linguístico das políticas públicas de avaliação da educação superior brasileira
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-02-19)
Bernardes, Joelma dos Santos
;
Rothen, José Carlos
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1942510389127549
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8235977620512681
This work aims to identify which were the political discourses of educational agents regarding the evaluation of higher education were articulated towards the evaluative State in the formulation of public policies of higher education evaluation in Brazil, in a period ranging from 1993 to 2010. By analyzing the scientific and academic literature dealing with public policies of higher education evaluation, 61 educational agents were identified, classified, and selected. They had interlocution and articulation, either directly or indirectly, with the evaluative State during the period of the research. After applying investigative criteria, the Brazilian Association of Maintainers of Higher Education (Associação Brasileira de Mantenedoras de Ensino Superior - ABMES), and the National Association of Directors of Federal Institutions of Higher Education (Associação Nacional dos Dirigentes das Instituições Federais de Ensino Superior - Andifes) were selected. The theoretical foundations of the research were grounded on Pierre Bourdieu's conceptual-interpretative appropriations of the linguistic market of the field of educational evaluation, as well as educational field and educational agent; and Guy Neave's evaluative State, reconfigured by Almerindo Janela Afonso constituted the theoretical-methodological reference of the research. The nature of the work was quanti-qualitative, being used as methodological procedures of data collection the bibliometric study, the bibliographical survey and the documentary research. The role performed by agents on the formulation and implementation of public evaluation policies were evidenced through the Program of Institutional Evaluation of the Brazilian Universities (Programa de Avaliação Institucional das Universidades Brasileiras - PAIUB), in 1993, as well as through the National Courses Exam (Exame Nacional de Cursos - ENC), in 1995, and the National System of Evaluation of the Higher Education (Sistema Nacional de Avaliação da Educação Superior - SINAES), in 2004. Educational agents negotiated political discourses, whether valued or devalued, during the period. Tensions and disputes were generated in the linguistic market of the field of educational evaluation, so that these discourses were recognized and legitimized in the social magic through regulation of policies of higher education evaluation. In the first years of SINAES, in which the university reform proposal was executed, ABMES and Andifes agreed that it would be a moment of appreciation of political discourses and changes of positions within the educational field. To do it, ABMES' discursive negotiations were carried out with the following utterances: "representativeness, evaluation, and regulation". In its turn, Andifes' utterances were "financing and institutional autonomy". It is concluded that, in the linguistic market of the field of educational evaluation, ABMES and Andifes negotiated their political discourses, which sometimes were unified in favor of an evaluation policy for the improvement of the quality of teaching, and sometimes opposed in the way the evaluation results should formulate educational and evaluative policies on how they could go over into the expansion of higher education by the public sector and the private sector. In this sense, there was the universal message within the linguistic market that evaluative policies would be indispensable for the expansion with quality of higher education, although there are different objectives for evaluation, expansion, and use of results among agents. In this way, discourses moved the linguistic market through symbolic and linguistic exchanges, aiming to obtain appreciation price (value) on the devaluation of the other.
Turbulência de Ondas em condensados de Bose-Einstein
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-02-19)
Santos Filho, Marcos Alberto Gonçalves dos
;
Santos, Francisco Ednilson Alves dos
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0500176058863562
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4904620606086595
In this work we used as a starting point the theory developed by Zakharov and Nazarenko for treating wave turbulence in systems with weak non linearity such as atomic Bose-Einstein condensates with low enough temperature to be described by the Gross-Pitaevskii model. After we obtained the kinetic equation for the condensate and extracted the out of equilibrium stationary solution, the so called Kolmogorov-Zakharov cascates, we set course to our objective of demonstrating that it is possible to conciliate this solutions of the kinetic equation with the hydrodynamical properties of the condensate. In order to do that we calculated the correlation function of the condensate current for both the weak condensate state and the strong condensate state using the respective wave turbulence cascates. With this result we have shown that there is a connection between the arising of wave turbulence and the variables related to the hydrodynamical turbulence of this system, which are essential for the comprehension of quantum turbulence as a whole.
Desenvolvimento de manual instrucional para ensinar conceitos de igual e diferente através de Matching-to-Sample (MTS) em crianças público-alvo da educação especial
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-02-19)
Lazzarini, Fernanda Squassoni
;
Goyos, Antônio Celso de Noronha
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3407008711535651
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0296605637608176
The education of the TEA individual is a delicate area that demands a lot of care, but if there is commitment, this individual can develop his skills, essential for satisfactory social and school inclusion. Some teaching strategies, treatments and packages developed for individuals with commitments in school repertoire are available, but ABA is the set of interventions that produce the best results. For this, the present research aims to investigate the functionality and applicability of a didactic material based on the tasks used by the Applied Behavior Analysis to aid students with ASD in regular schools where teachers are not traditionally trained to work with ABA. This material was developed in two handbooks (a) Stimulus Apostille, containing all the visual stimuli that will be used to teach a specific content and (b) Teacher's Handbook, individualized per student, where the simplified registration sheets and information the student's personal needs. To evaluate the initial repertoire of the participants, a task of choice was chosen according to the adapted model, based on the notion of network of relations between stimuli and between stimuli and responses. In this research, 3 students from the municipal school system diagnosed with ASD participated. The results showed the efficacy of the adapted task and of the teaching procedures used, and it was verified the acquisition of the concept of equal and different, in a reduced period of time.
Objetos educacionais digitais no livro didático de Biologia: um estudo de obras aprovadas no PNLD 2015
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-02-19)
Kapp, Alessandra Miguel
;
Freitas, Denise de
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3330976062026878
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4871741918979382
The world we live, both physical and social, over time has undergone profound changes. Most of these changes, due to technological development, modify the way people think, act and relate. Regarding the demands of the contemporary society to qualify citizens able to use ICT as access to information through educational processes allied to the fact that school is increasingly being asked to contribute to the construction of digital communities, this research is inserted in the field of analysis of the digital didactic resources production, specifically on the digital educational objects (DEO). Thus, this research aimed to configure the insertion of digital educational objects in biology high school textbooks approved in PNLD 2015 and its contributions to teaching. As research specific objectives, it is important to locate and identify: i) The presence of DEOs in biology textbooks; ii) the themes, the textual type and /or visual representation, and the content approaches in the DEOs; iii) the type of DEO and its relation to the contents; iv) the role of DEOs in the teaching approach assumed by the textbook and v) the contribution of the DEOs in teaching. The analysis corpus selection was initially carried out by the search for information in the Didactic Book Guide of PNLD 2015 on the presence of interactivity in the DEOs, since it can contribute to the modification of the way in which it is taught and learnt the school contents. Two collections were selected, one marked by the excessive amount of non-interactive DEOs and the other with a varied degree of interactivity. During the analysis of the material we used the typology of the PNLD 2014 public notice that divided the DEOs into: audiovisuals, educational electronic games, simulators and infographics. The second type of classification refers to the textual type of DEOs contents, which brings a theoretical construction about the linguistic nature. Thus, they were divided into: narration, dissertation, exposition, injunction and description. However, in addition to the textual typology, it was also identified in the DEOs those which did not present verbal productions, these being interpreted through representations of image. For the analysis of the visual representations we classify the DEOs in: narrative representations and conceptual representations. During the exploration of the data, emergent categories based on the theoretical perspective of biology teaching were constructed. They are: to contextualize social and scientifically; to characterize the procedures of science; to approach reality; to illustrate an information or situation; and to represent scientific phenomena, models and hypotheses. From the systematization and interpretation of the data, we identify that one of the collections was marked by excessive quantity of non-interactive DEOs, categorized by an expository and illustrative format in order to facilitate biological concepts memorization and assimilation process. As much as the other collection sought to present DEOs with a higher level of interactivity, the education objects, in turn, were categorized, for the most part, as an illustrative textual type. The results indicated that most DEOs are still approaching limited resources, in which the student is asked to passively follow the information. It is concluded, in the analysis of these two textbooks, that the structuring and fundamental element that would make possible to expand the information presented in the printed book, based on degrees of interactivity, between the student and the content, in the learning process, was not yet in fact achieved by DEOs.
Campesinato e agroecologia na Colômbia: um estudo sobre as práticas produtivas e a relação com a natureza dos camponeses da Associação de Apicultores do Maciço Colombiano - APIMACIZO
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-02-19)
Cadena Bastidas, Diana Carolina
;
Souza-Esquerdo, Vanilde Ferreira de
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9535960068552016
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3528440634665404
The aim of this research is to analyze the model of appropriation of nature from the concept of Agroecology, in a group of peasants associated in the Association of Beekeepers of the Colombian Macizo -APIMACIZO-, located in the municipality of La Vega, department of Cauca, Colombia. The fieldwork was developed during the second semester of 2016 in the first semester of 2017, a period in which semi-structured interviews were carried out with questionnaires, which were applied to 41 members of the Association, as well as open interviews that served as an input to implement the oral history methodology. The text is organized into four chapters, whereby three (chapters, one, two, three) are articles of this research. Chapter one aimed to analyze the process of emergence and consolidation of apicultural activity in APIMACIZO, the methodology used was based on semi-structured interviews and oral history (in order to understand the dynamics of the group through time through the oral reports), as a result there was an articulation of different sectors in apicultural practice, as well as the vindication of the peasant-beekeeper identity in the region. Chapter two aimed to describe the organizational form of the members of APIMACIZO, as well as their family productive systems and labor relations in the region. For this, questionnaires were used among the peasants of the association, as a conclusion it was possible to show that the relationships of the agricultural work are based on principles of reciprocity and solidarity, which have been fundamental for the organization of this group. Chapter three aimed to analyze the production model made by the members of the Association, based on the theoretical framework of agroecology. Methodologically, a bibliographic review was first carried out on the concept of Agroecology in Colombia, as well as on public policies of sustainable rural development. Subsequently, data collected in the field was used to investigate the knowledge of the interviewees about agroecology. One of the most significant results was to verify that peasants of APIMACIZO have a great respect for nature by not abandoning their traditional productive practices (sowing with shade, short and medium rotation crops, species diversity and variety of native seeds) and labor relations, which are based on solidarity and reciprocity among family members and neighbors. These working relationships in rural production are the way the peasants of APIMACIZO articulate with nature, that is, they appropriate nature through work to make it a social element.
Caminhos cotidianos de Txeramõi e Txedjaryi: interlocuções sobre saberes e fazeres guarani
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-02-19)
Neves, Amabile Teresa Modenez
;
Barros, Denise Dias
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6607056840278610
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3876806754872742
This work aims to understand which are the everyday practices of txeramõi (old men) and txedjaryi (old women) and how they contribute to the circulation and maintenance of Guarani know-doings on transmission of nhandereko (way of being Guarani), considering their intergerational, social and cultural dynamics. This study has its methodological basis on ethnography, with interviews and fieldwork realized among Guarani Mbya villages in Aracurz-ES. It was realized that the everyday practices of elder men and women in familiar and community context don’t encompass only spiritual activities, but also educational and from-the-word activities, in a way that the roles taken travel among grandparents, advisers, religious leaders, prayers, healers and educators. Beyond this, the intention of maintenance and circulation of nhandereko (way of being Guarani) is the same in all everyday activities that were watched. This experience purposes to think about the relevance of the being/person notion to theoretical framework and to the intervention practices in Occupational Therapy, Gerontology and its areas and sociocultural contexts, once that, being a conception that precedes the human doing, it was noticed that it is related to the development of approaching ways and dialogues to differentiated realities and problems, especially in a socio-cultural way. Thereby, there is a collaboration to intercultural dialogue and to the enlargement of knowings and debates about the ways of living in old age in a context of traditional people and communities, especially Guarani Mbya.
Aprendendo a ser professor: contribuições da Rede de Aprendizagem da Docência (ReAD)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-02-19)
Batista, Miriam Lucia Martins
;
Reali, Aline Maria de Medeiros Rodrigues
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3250195451890332
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3894465331580263
The objective of this research has been to investigate how ReAD (Teaching and Learning Development Net) contributed for the overcoming and operation of difficulties beginner teachers who participated the first offer of this learning net (2016) had. With its hybrid character, the net integrated experienced and novice (with less than five years of experience) teachers as well as graduating students from college courses of Pedagogy. The READ goal was to foment the exchange and interaction among the participants and discussing issues related to teaching and difficulties faced by novice teachers at the beginning of one’s career. The theoretical reference was lined in literature about both novice and experienced teachers and the apprenticeship of teaching. The data was collected through three main instruments, the activities produced during ReAD’s development, an online quiz, which had as respondents’ five teachers, and an online interview that used four beginner teachers who completed all the proposed activities. The results show the struggles in the beginning of a teacher’s career and the lack of support those professionals face, besides the limitations of the initial teacher education. The results also show the importance of the integration of professionals in different steps of their career through a learning net, in order to share experiences and enhance knowledge regarding the teaching career.