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O eu, o outro e o nós: um caminho para compreender a diversidade na educação física escolar na perspectiva das crianças
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-02-19)
Francisco, Cristiane Pereira de Souza
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Alves, Fernando Donizete
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3812723309905378
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9314655403204888
Throughout its history, Physical Education has divided many people by excluding them from its training as they aim for healthy and strong bodies, due to ideas embedded in its concept. However, as well as the historical context, Physical Education has been changing to fit into this adjustment, which currently requires including “everybody” in its trainings. With this new context, I aimed to understand how Diversity has been addressed in School Physical Education classes; but I aimed to go beyond on what teachers, specialists and renowned authors say about such theme. I aim to consider Diversity from the view of children of the 1st grade of Elementary Scholl and answer to the following question: on the situations experienced in School Physical Education classes: how do they lead children to comprehend the Diversity around them? For them, what Diversity is? How do they live with such Diversity? These are three questions that complement each other within the same research field and that support our target, which is to understand and research Diversity around the universe of children of the 1st grade of Elementary Scholl during the trainings and conversations about School Physical Education. The method used was a qualitative research based on the participant observation and round table, aiming to collect information and carried out in the first semester of 2017 in a state school of Araraquara city. The information gathered with the children lead me to develop three categories, namely: me and the other; the Cultural Diversity around the children’s universe and the Cultural Diversity in Physical Education classes. Therefore, I could realize that, even before the challenge in School Physical Education classes, the Cultural Diversity around the children’s universe is clear in the social markers of diversity, such as skin color, height, weight and gender. In addition to these markers, other dialogues arise in conversations about the differences of race and ethnic relations and relations with special education, gender and religion. I also found that, for the children, Cultural Diversity has several meanings: from fun and playing to differences between people. All that surrounded by interactions that are not always easy to handle, where everybody wants to speak, even if they are not heard. Due to the Cultural Diversity, often their actions are not challenged; for this reason, they freely act to immediately solve questions and to continue playing or talking.
Análise cinemática dos membros inferiores e morfofuncional dos músculos do quadril e suas relações com a cinética de mulheres com e sem dor patelofemoral
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-02-19)
Nunes, Guilherme Silva
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Serrão, Fábio Viadanna
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8137335642635433
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0722121177593722
Approximately 10% to 20% of the population is affected by patellofemoral pain (PFP), with higher prevalence in females. Last years, proximal factors to the knee joint have been related to PFP, such as poor control of hip movements in weight-bearing activities and weakness in hip muscles. The objectives of the present thesis were to compare females with and without PFP regarding muscle function of the hip and knee muscles, morphology of the gluteus medius and maximus, landing biomechanics from jumps, and to correlate muscle function and kinematic outcomes with the impact measure during landings. The objective of the present thesis were also to compare individuals with and without PFP regarding hip muscle function clinically evaluated and to review the literature regarding the methods for patellofemoral stress calculation. Hip abductors and extensors and knee extensors muscle function (rate of force development, power and torque) was evaluated using an isokinetic dynamometer. Morphology of the gluteal musculature was evaluated using ultrasonography. Landing biomechanics was assessed using a camera system and force plate. For the clinical evaluation, hip abductors and extensors strength was evaluated isometrically using hand-held dynamometer and dynamically using 10 repetitions maximum tests, hip abduction and extension power were assessed using a linear position transducer, and endurance was assessed using the maximum number of repetitions. Females with PFP had deficits in muscle function compared to asymptomatic females including lower power and strength of hip abductors and extensors and knee extensors. During landings, females with PFP generated greater impact combined to lower hip, knee and ankle range of motion in the sagittal plane. Clinically evaluated, individuals with PFP had lower strength and power of hip abductors and extensors compared to asymptomatic individuals. Finally, the literature presents inconsistencies regarding the methods for patellofemoral stress calculation and no valid method is defined as gold standard. Therefore, different factors related to muscle function should be considered during PFP rehabilitation, especially muscle power. Interventions targeting impact and movement control during landings may also be useful.
Avaliação experimental de um ciclone adaptado com bocais pulverizadores de água
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-02-19)
Achiles, Ana Elisa
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Béttega, Vádila Giovana Guerra
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0752059622240208
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6581211792042747
Brazil is a world leader in the production of sugar and ethanol by using sugar cane. Nonetheless, in order to supply the energy demands of this sector, the sugarcane bagasse is used as a fuel in boilers and its burning generates a significant quantity of particulate matters which are highly nocive to the environment and human beings' health. Thus, this study objectives to evaluate, empirically, the performance of a cyclone adapted with liquid atomization nozzles for the purpose of collecting ashes that are derived from the burning of sugarcane bagasse and have median volumetric diameter of 7,47 μm. So, the behavior of collection efficiency and pressure drop was investigated through varying of the following parameters: gas inlet velocity (from 8,02 to 13,57 m/s); atomizer nozzle position; liquid-gas ratio (from 0,10 to 0,43 L/m³) and atomizer type (hollow and full cone). The overall collection efficiency was determinated by using the isokinetic sampling technique and the grade efficiency was obtained through the Aerodynamic Particle Sizer spectrometer. The results indicated that to atomize water into cyclones with a liquid-gas ratio of 0,43 L/m³ increased, significantly, the overall collection efficiency from 81,00 to 98,44%, and decreased the pressure drop from 657,1 to 392,3 Pa. With regarding to the grade efficiency, it was checked that water atomization increased, expressly, the fine particulate removal (PM_2,5) which are extremely harmful to human health. Furthemore, it was verified that the gas inlet velocity; the atomizer nozzle position; the liquid-gas ratio and the drop size distribution are parameters that affect the wet cyclone performance. Also, it was found out that the water spraying in cyclones declined, considerably, the outlet temperature of the gaseous stream in 20,2 °C, and raised its relative humidity in 42,5%. In general, it was achieved that water atomization in cyclones improves the performance of this equipment, especially the fine particles collection, apart from promoting the gas cooling and humidification. Hence, the wet cyclone showed to be a promising technology in removing particulate matter from gaseous stream.
Discursos (des)valorizados sobre a avaliação: compreensão dos movimentos discursivos da ABMES e da Andifes no mercado linguístico das políticas públicas de avaliação da educação superior brasileira
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-02-19)
Bernardes, Joelma dos Santos
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Rothen, José Carlos
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1942510389127549
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8235977620512681
This work aims to identify which were the political discourses of educational agents regarding the evaluation of higher education were articulated towards the evaluative State in the formulation of public policies of higher education evaluation in Brazil, in a period ranging from 1993 to 2010. By analyzing the scientific and academic literature dealing with public policies of higher education evaluation, 61 educational agents were identified, classified, and selected. They had interlocution and articulation, either directly or indirectly, with the evaluative State during the period of the research. After applying investigative criteria, the Brazilian Association of Maintainers of Higher Education (Associação Brasileira de Mantenedoras de Ensino Superior - ABMES), and the National Association of Directors of Federal Institutions of Higher Education (Associação Nacional dos Dirigentes das Instituições Federais de Ensino Superior - Andifes) were selected. The theoretical foundations of the research were grounded on Pierre Bourdieu's conceptual-interpretative appropriations of the linguistic market of the field of educational evaluation, as well as educational field and educational agent; and Guy Neave's evaluative State, reconfigured by Almerindo Janela Afonso constituted the theoretical-methodological reference of the research. The nature of the work was quanti-qualitative, being used as methodological procedures of data collection the bibliometric study, the bibliographical survey and the documentary research. The role performed by agents on the formulation and implementation of public evaluation policies were evidenced through the Program of Institutional Evaluation of the Brazilian Universities (Programa de Avaliação Institucional das Universidades Brasileiras - PAIUB), in 1993, as well as through the National Courses Exam (Exame Nacional de Cursos - ENC), in 1995, and the National System of Evaluation of the Higher Education (Sistema Nacional de Avaliação da Educação Superior - SINAES), in 2004. Educational agents negotiated political discourses, whether valued or devalued, during the period. Tensions and disputes were generated in the linguistic market of the field of educational evaluation, so that these discourses were recognized and legitimized in the social magic through regulation of policies of higher education evaluation. In the first years of SINAES, in which the university reform proposal was executed, ABMES and Andifes agreed that it would be a moment of appreciation of political discourses and changes of positions within the educational field. To do it, ABMES' discursive negotiations were carried out with the following utterances: "representativeness, evaluation, and regulation". In its turn, Andifes' utterances were "financing and institutional autonomy". It is concluded that, in the linguistic market of the field of educational evaluation, ABMES and Andifes negotiated their political discourses, which sometimes were unified in favor of an evaluation policy for the improvement of the quality of teaching, and sometimes opposed in the way the evaluation results should formulate educational and evaluative policies on how they could go over into the expansion of higher education by the public sector and the private sector. In this sense, there was the universal message within the linguistic market that evaluative policies would be indispensable for the expansion with quality of higher education, although there are different objectives for evaluation, expansion, and use of results among agents. In this way, discourses moved the linguistic market through symbolic and linguistic exchanges, aiming to obtain appreciation price (value) on the devaluation of the other.
Turbulência de Ondas em condensados de Bose-Einstein
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-02-19)
Santos Filho, Marcos Alberto Gonçalves dos
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Santos, Francisco Ednilson Alves dos
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0500176058863562
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4904620606086595
In this work we used as a starting point the theory developed by Zakharov and Nazarenko for treating wave turbulence in systems with weak non linearity such as atomic Bose-Einstein condensates with low enough temperature to be described by the Gross-Pitaevskii model. After we obtained the kinetic equation for the condensate and extracted the out of equilibrium stationary solution, the so called Kolmogorov-Zakharov cascates, we set course to our objective of demonstrating that it is possible to conciliate this solutions of the kinetic equation with the hydrodynamical properties of the condensate. In order to do that we calculated the correlation function of the condensate current for both the weak condensate state and the strong condensate state using the respective wave turbulence cascates. With this result we have shown that there is a connection between the arising of wave turbulence and the variables related to the hydrodynamical turbulence of this system, which are essential for the comprehension of quantum turbulence as a whole.
Desenvolvimento de manual instrucional para ensinar conceitos de igual e diferente através de Matching-to-Sample (MTS) em crianças público-alvo da educação especial
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-02-19)
Lazzarini, Fernanda Squassoni
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Goyos, Antônio Celso de Noronha
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3407008711535651
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0296605637608176
The education of the TEA individual is a delicate area that demands a lot of care, but if there is commitment, this individual can develop his skills, essential for satisfactory social and school inclusion. Some teaching strategies, treatments and packages developed for individuals with commitments in school repertoire are available, but ABA is the set of interventions that produce the best results. For this, the present research aims to investigate the functionality and applicability of a didactic material based on the tasks used by the Applied Behavior Analysis to aid students with ASD in regular schools where teachers are not traditionally trained to work with ABA. This material was developed in two handbooks (a) Stimulus Apostille, containing all the visual stimuli that will be used to teach a specific content and (b) Teacher's Handbook, individualized per student, where the simplified registration sheets and information the student's personal needs. To evaluate the initial repertoire of the participants, a task of choice was chosen according to the adapted model, based on the notion of network of relations between stimuli and between stimuli and responses. In this research, 3 students from the municipal school system diagnosed with ASD participated. The results showed the efficacy of the adapted task and of the teaching procedures used, and it was verified the acquisition of the concept of equal and different, in a reduced period of time.
Objetos educacionais digitais no livro didático de Biologia: um estudo de obras aprovadas no PNLD 2015
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-02-19)
Kapp, Alessandra Miguel
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Freitas, Denise de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3330976062026878
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4871741918979382
The world we live, both physical and social, over time has undergone profound changes. Most of these changes, due to technological development, modify the way people think, act and relate. Regarding the demands of the contemporary society to qualify citizens able to use ICT as access to information through educational processes allied to the fact that school is increasingly being asked to contribute to the construction of digital communities, this research is inserted in the field of analysis of the digital didactic resources production, specifically on the digital educational objects (DEO). Thus, this research aimed to configure the insertion of digital educational objects in biology high school textbooks approved in PNLD 2015 and its contributions to teaching. As research specific objectives, it is important to locate and identify: i) The presence of DEOs in biology textbooks; ii) the themes, the textual type and /or visual representation, and the content approaches in the DEOs; iii) the type of DEO and its relation to the contents; iv) the role of DEOs in the teaching approach assumed by the textbook and v) the contribution of the DEOs in teaching. The analysis corpus selection was initially carried out by the search for information in the Didactic Book Guide of PNLD 2015 on the presence of interactivity in the DEOs, since it can contribute to the modification of the way in which it is taught and learnt the school contents. Two collections were selected, one marked by the excessive amount of non-interactive DEOs and the other with a varied degree of interactivity. During the analysis of the material we used the typology of the PNLD 2014 public notice that divided the DEOs into: audiovisuals, educational electronic games, simulators and infographics. The second type of classification refers to the textual type of DEOs contents, which brings a theoretical construction about the linguistic nature. Thus, they were divided into: narration, dissertation, exposition, injunction and description. However, in addition to the textual typology, it was also identified in the DEOs those which did not present verbal productions, these being interpreted through representations of image. For the analysis of the visual representations we classify the DEOs in: narrative representations and conceptual representations. During the exploration of the data, emergent categories based on the theoretical perspective of biology teaching were constructed. They are: to contextualize social and scientifically; to characterize the procedures of science; to approach reality; to illustrate an information or situation; and to represent scientific phenomena, models and hypotheses. From the systematization and interpretation of the data, we identify that one of the collections was marked by excessive quantity of non-interactive DEOs, categorized by an expository and illustrative format in order to facilitate biological concepts memorization and assimilation process. As much as the other collection sought to present DEOs with a higher level of interactivity, the education objects, in turn, were categorized, for the most part, as an illustrative textual type. The results indicated that most DEOs are still approaching limited resources, in which the student is asked to passively follow the information. It is concluded, in the analysis of these two textbooks, that the structuring and fundamental element that would make possible to expand the information presented in the printed book, based on degrees of interactivity, between the student and the content, in the learning process, was not yet in fact achieved by DEOs.
Campesinato e agroecologia na Colômbia: um estudo sobre as práticas produtivas e a relação com a natureza dos camponeses da Associação de Apicultores do Maciço Colombiano - APIMACIZO
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-02-19)
Cadena Bastidas, Diana Carolina
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Souza-Esquerdo, Vanilde Ferreira de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9535960068552016
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3528440634665404
The aim of this research is to analyze the model of appropriation of nature from the concept of Agroecology, in a group of peasants associated in the Association of Beekeepers of the Colombian Macizo -APIMACIZO-, located in the municipality of La Vega, department of Cauca, Colombia. The fieldwork was developed during the second semester of 2016 in the first semester of 2017, a period in which semi-structured interviews were carried out with questionnaires, which were applied to 41 members of the Association, as well as open interviews that served as an input to implement the oral history methodology. The text is organized into four chapters, whereby three (chapters, one, two, three) are articles of this research. Chapter one aimed to analyze the process of emergence and consolidation of apicultural activity in APIMACIZO, the methodology used was based on semi-structured interviews and oral history (in order to understand the dynamics of the group through time through the oral reports), as a result there was an articulation of different sectors in apicultural practice, as well as the vindication of the peasant-beekeeper identity in the region. Chapter two aimed to describe the organizational form of the members of APIMACIZO, as well as their family productive systems and labor relations in the region. For this, questionnaires were used among the peasants of the association, as a conclusion it was possible to show that the relationships of the agricultural work are based on principles of reciprocity and solidarity, which have been fundamental for the organization of this group. Chapter three aimed to analyze the production model made by the members of the Association, based on the theoretical framework of agroecology. Methodologically, a bibliographic review was first carried out on the concept of Agroecology in Colombia, as well as on public policies of sustainable rural development. Subsequently, data collected in the field was used to investigate the knowledge of the interviewees about agroecology. One of the most significant results was to verify that peasants of APIMACIZO have a great respect for nature by not abandoning their traditional productive practices (sowing with shade, short and medium rotation crops, species diversity and variety of native seeds) and labor relations, which are based on solidarity and reciprocity among family members and neighbors. These working relationships in rural production are the way the peasants of APIMACIZO articulate with nature, that is, they appropriate nature through work to make it a social element.
Caminhos cotidianos de Txeramõi e Txedjaryi: interlocuções sobre saberes e fazeres guarani
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-02-19)
Neves, Amabile Teresa Modenez
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Barros, Denise Dias
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6607056840278610
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3876806754872742
This work aims to understand which are the everyday practices of txeramõi (old men) and txedjaryi (old women) and how they contribute to the circulation and maintenance of Guarani know-doings on transmission of nhandereko (way of being Guarani), considering their intergerational, social and cultural dynamics. This study has its methodological basis on ethnography, with interviews and fieldwork realized among Guarani Mbya villages in Aracurz-ES. It was realized that the everyday practices of elder men and women in familiar and community context don’t encompass only spiritual activities, but also educational and from-the-word activities, in a way that the roles taken travel among grandparents, advisers, religious leaders, prayers, healers and educators. Beyond this, the intention of maintenance and circulation of nhandereko (way of being Guarani) is the same in all everyday activities that were watched. This experience purposes to think about the relevance of the being/person notion to theoretical framework and to the intervention practices in Occupational Therapy, Gerontology and its areas and sociocultural contexts, once that, being a conception that precedes the human doing, it was noticed that it is related to the development of approaching ways and dialogues to differentiated realities and problems, especially in a socio-cultural way. Thereby, there is a collaboration to intercultural dialogue and to the enlargement of knowings and debates about the ways of living in old age in a context of traditional people and communities, especially Guarani Mbya.
Aprendendo a ser professor: contribuições da Rede de Aprendizagem da Docência (ReAD)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-02-19)
Batista, Miriam Lucia Martins
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Reali, Aline Maria de Medeiros Rodrigues
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3250195451890332
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3894465331580263
The objective of this research has been to investigate how ReAD (Teaching and Learning Development Net) contributed for the overcoming and operation of difficulties beginner teachers who participated the first offer of this learning net (2016) had. With its hybrid character, the net integrated experienced and novice (with less than five years of experience) teachers as well as graduating students from college courses of Pedagogy. The READ goal was to foment the exchange and interaction among the participants and discussing issues related to teaching and difficulties faced by novice teachers at the beginning of one’s career. The theoretical reference was lined in literature about both novice and experienced teachers and the apprenticeship of teaching. The data was collected through three main instruments, the activities produced during ReAD’s development, an online quiz, which had as respondents’ five teachers, and an online interview that used four beginner teachers who completed all the proposed activities. The results show the struggles in the beginning of a teacher’s career and the lack of support those professionals face, besides the limitations of the initial teacher education. The results also show the importance of the integration of professionals in different steps of their career through a learning net, in order to share experiences and enhance knowledge regarding the teaching career.
Síntese e caracterização de vanadatos de prata e formação de nanopartículas de prata por eletro-Irradiação
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-02-19)
Oliveira, Regiane Cristina de
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Longo, Elson
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9848311210578810
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4418790685669021
Due to its physico-chemical, bactericidal and photocatalytic properties, Silver vanadium oxides (SVOs) have attracted increasing attention due to their excellent physicochemical properties and diverse applications. The aim of this work was to synthesize, by Co-Precipitation (CP) method, SVOs in especial the Ag4V2O7 pyrovanadate. The synthesis methods of this material proposed in the literature, require high temperatures, long processing times and sophisticated equipment. In addition, the final product is obtained with nonhomogeneous sizes and morphologies and containing deleterious phases. In this sense, the objective of this work was to perform an optimization of the CP method, in order to obtain the monophasic Ag4V2O7 with defined morphology. The materials were characterized by X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Rietveld refinement, Raman, Ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) and Photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy. The morphologies of the materials were studied by SEM (Scanning Electron Microscopy). Theoretical calculations of first principles, based on the Functional Density Theory (DFT), were used in the understanding of the experimental observations. Recently, our group reported, for the first time, nucleation and in situ growth of Ag nanoparticles (NPs) on the surface of semiconductors of silver binary oxides, conducted by an electron beam, accelerated under high vacuum (from an electron transmission/scanning microscope) and observed that this phenomenon highlights the properties of this material. Finally, a study of the growth of Ag NPs on the surface of Ag4V2O7 was carried out, the effect of growth of Ag NPs on the electronic properties of the material were evaluated.
Variação de atributos funcionais e sua influência no desempenho de espécies arbóreas reintroduzidas em áreas degradadas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-02-19)
Fernandes, Janaina de Fátima
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Souza, Andréa Lúcia Teixeira de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5216112068627151
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4250822030431392
The study of tree species functional traits can be a useful tool in the context of forest restoration in degraded environments. That is because understanding relationships between different traits and their interactions with abiotic components of degraded environments can allow stronger generalizations and predictions on the performance of different reintroduced species in these environments. The present thesis is composed of three independent chapters that have the same objective of evaluating variations of functional attributes and how they determine the performance of reintroduced tree species in degraded areas. In the first chapter, we investigated native tree species reintroduced in a degraded Brazilian cerrado area. We evaluated changes in functional attributes over plant initial development and the relationships between them. We found that the largest changes in functional attributes occurred in the initial months, and that environmental filters must have influenced strongly these changes since the beginning of species development. In the second chapter, we evaluated the influence of functional traits and growing conditions on the survival and growth of plants in the same study area of the first chapter, in two different stages of species development in the field. We found that, at each stage, different functional attributes contributed to survival and growth, and this can be attributed to different environmental limiting factors at each stage. In the third chapter, we carried out a study in another area which was in restoration process, where soil presented a fertility gradient. We evaluated whether variations in functional attributes within species were a direct response to different levels of soil nutrients or due to the different sizes of plants. We found that variations in most functional attributes were related only to plant size, which grew more vigorously in more fertile soils. In general, we showed that functional attributes varied over the initial development of species, were related to the environmental conditions of degraded areas and to plant size, determining the performance of species in these areas. Functional traits can be useful for predicting plant response to the environmental conditions in degraded areas and can help in the planning of more efficient forest restoration strategies.
Efeito da intervenção educativa grupal em cuidadoras idosas com Comprometimento Cognitivo Leve
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-02-20)
Monteiro, Diana Quirino
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Gratão, Aline Cristina Martins
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7873339343111119
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5135213835907578
Introduction: The performance of cognitive functions is important for the maintenance of autonomy and independence of the elderly. The aging process, conceived as a worldwide phenomenon, encompasses a decline in cognitive functions. Associated with the diagnosis of Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI), the fact of being a caregiver and the demands of care cause a series of complications that can be prevented, such as depressive symptoms, anxiety and cognitive deficit. Objective: to analyze the efficacy of a group health education program, composed of educational activities and combined with group dynamics, on depressive symptoms, anxiety, global cognition and their domains, and quality of life of elderly caregivers with MCI. Method: This is a quasi-experimental, controlled study in which 13 caregivers participated in the intervention Educação em Saúde (GES) and 11 in the Grupo Controle (GC) in the first half of 2016. They were evaluated before and after the intervention, interspersed between classes and dynamics totaling 20 meetings for 5 months by the following instruments: Addenbrooke's Cognitive Examination-Revised (ACE-R), Questionário de Mudança Cognitiva-22 (QMC-22), Inventário de Ansiedade e Depressão de Beck, WHOQOL-bref quality of life and Escala de Queixa de Memória (EQM). All ethical care was observed during the data collection and analysis process. The Mann-Whitney U tests for independent samples and Fisher's Exact Test to compare the groups (GES and GC) and the Wilcoxon and McNemar Test to evaluate the effects of the intervention were applied. Results: The effectiveness of the intervention on the cognitive domains "attention / orientation" (p = 0.03), "memory" (p = 0.002) and "visuospatial abilities" (p = 0.007) -R (p = 0.002), MEEM (p = 0.02) and on depression symptoms (p = 0.02). In the GC, no effects were observed, with the group remaining the same at the baseline and at the moment after intervention. Conclusion: The results suggest that the group Health Education program has a beneficial effect on symptoms of depression and cognitive abilities in elderly caregivers with MCI.
Um estudo enunciativo da palavra escravo e sua designação nas cartas do Conde do Pinhal para sua esposa Naninha
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-02-20)
Dornas, Nayara Fernanda
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Silva, Soeli Maria Schreiber da
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8794598988783452
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4599061158292447
Despite the difficulty of finding accurate data and documents regarding slavery in São Carlos, the slave was present throughout the development process of the city, but the slave is silenced throughout history. Thus, through an enunciative look provided by the theory of Semantics of the Event developed by the Brazilian scholar Eduardo Guimarães, the present work addresses the word slave and its designation throughout the letters of the Count of Pinhal to Anna Carolina, his wife, known as Naninha . We aim to study slave designations and also to identify slave designations in the relation with the proper name, adopting, in this way, the perspective that the event is the functioning of the language. We will use some resources of the theoretical-methodological contribution of Semantics of the Event as enunciative space, enunciative scene, enunciative agency, temporality, political, designation, articulation, rewriting and DSD developed by Guimarães, enunciative pertinence, domain of reference, force of progression, force of retrospection by Dias, and argumentation and presupposition by Ducrot. We intend, therefore, to study the designation of slave, silenced in this enunciative space and observe this silencing through the difficulty of finding accurate data and documents regarding slavery in São Carlos, and this is due to the determination of 1890 that ordered the incineration of documents which proved the property of the slave. That is, this measure is one of several attempts to silence and prevent the slave and his senses and meaning from gaining space. We also analyze the functioning of the proper names in the present of the enunciative event of the letters. We thus note that the proper names refer to the word slave, since the proper names are determined by the type of work developed, sometimes by the color of the skin, sometimes by the functioning of the name in other enunciations that through the relation of integration reveals the meaning of slave, so we have that proper names work with the sense of slaves.
As condições de expansão da Universidade Federal de Viçosa e de implementação do Programa de Apoio a Planos de Reestruturação e Expansão das Universidades Federais (REUNI) e suas repercussões no trabalho docente
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-02-20)
Santana, Kátia de Cássia
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Silva, Eduardo Pinto e
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3492708361349827
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4608666480559199
The objective of the research was analyzed as implications of the expansion of the Federal University of Viçosa (UFV) and the implementation of the Federal University Restructuring and Expansion Plans Support Program (REUNI) in the teaching work. We sought to articulate some theoretical propositions about: the relations between changes in the world of work, State Reform and educational policies; the mediations of the relationship between work and education. We started from the assumption that the structural changes of capitalism have brought transformations to the world of work and to the teaching career that becomes marked by the logic of efficiency and the maximization of resources and the workforce. We also sought to investigate how the phenomena of the productive reconfiguration of the public university took place in the institution, as well as to indicate if there was a process of intensification of the teaching work at UFV after the implementation of REUNI. We defined UFV and professors of 5 departments that make up the undergraduate courses in the full-time Biological Sciences (Bachelor/Teaching Degree) and nocturnal Biological Sciences (Teaching Degree) as the empirical field of our object of analysis. Data collection included official, institutional and academic documents; the application of questionnaires to 60 professors about the teaching profile and vision about the expansion; conducting of 12 semistructured interviews on activities and daily life of the teaching work. We sought the relatively egalitarian participation of professors in different stages of the professional career (initial, intermediate and final) and they presented distinctions in relation to the activities in which they participated. Thus, respondents were professors who taught in graduate and undergraduate courses; professors who taught only at graduation; among professors who taught in postgraduate courses, those with different qualifications: fellow’s productivity - categories researcher 1 level A, B, C and D and 2, and professors who did not have them. We defined the following categories of analysis: working conditions; conflicts in work relationships; academic productivity and intensification of work. We sought to confront the analysis of professors' discourses, obtained through interviews, documentary data and questionnaires. It was possible to identify contradictions in the discourses and in the process of implementing the program. We point out that the process of intensification of teaching work is linked to the increase in the number of students and the demands of research productivity. We verified the managerialism engendered in the daily work with the predominance of indexes and goals to the detriment of the substantive professor’s work. The managerialist ideology tends to naturalize academic productivism and generate conflicts in work relationships, and the professors' complaints were reiterated in relation to each other regarding the distribution of management, teaching, research and extension tasks. We also considered that the reconfiguration of university practices in this context may threaten the quality of teaching and research in the institution. Thus, it was possible to indicate that REUNI: reproduces a managerial logic based on management and control mechanisms that, in the name of efficiency, generates competitiveness; implements courses with problems in the hiring of professors of the area, without finishing some buildings designed and with a deficit in the hiring of administrative technicians, as opposed to a considerable increase in the number of students. We have concluded that there is a tendency of naturalization of academic productivism and intensification of work, which leads to conflicts, unequal distribution of activities, and hierarchization among professors. And they admit that the qualitative dimension of teaching and research tends to be overwhelmed by the quantitative buyers of teacher performance evaluation.
A docência, seus saberes e a constituição do professor como profissional do ensino básico, técnico e tecnológico
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-02-20)
Souza, Juscelino Pereira de
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Tedeschi, Wania
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5743322664981581
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3380300223234539
The objective of this research is to understand the actions performed by professional education teachers regarding their teaching methodologies in order to make an analytical reflection of the teaching knowledge in the classroom. The theme has relevance for bringing up the issue of the re-signification of the teaching action on present days. Technical knowledge and rationality, both characteristics of the teacher education process, contrast with an educational reality that demands update of the pedagogical practice at all times. Thus, teacher training should not only include technical knowledge, but also articulate work, science and culture in the teaching action. The methodological approach for this work consists of a qualitative research. Two techniques were used to collect data: questionnaire and interview. Data analysis sought to answer the following question: how does the teacher constitutes himself as a professional of the basic, technical and technological education in the classes of technical subjects? Oral and Written Narratives were chosen as analytical concepts. The narratives suggested that, at first, teachers’ constitution is based on their experience as students with their teachers and, as soon as they develop into teaching practices, their own experiences in the classroom and the contact with their own students raise doubts about the teaching and learning processes. Finally, the research subjects were teachers from Basic, Technical and Technological Education from a campus of the Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Sao Paulo (IFSP), who had no pedagogical training. They all work with full time technical education, having had different trainings and having worked in different contexts and technical areas, resulting in a varied sample. As a result, it is expected to raise significant questions that contribute to the discussion on the training and professional knowledge of teachers on present days.
Produção, caracterização e imobilização de lipases e sua aplicação na síntese de ésteres alquílicos de ácidos graxos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-02-20)
Silveira, Erick de Abreu
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Tardioli, Paulo Waldir
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0808991927126468
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Farinas, Cristiane Sanchez
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9933650905615452
The use of industrial palm oil processing residues as a source of carbon and inducer for microbial lipase production can be an attractive way to add value to these residues and help reduce the costs of their production. In addition, the immobilization of these enzymes on solid supports is a way of improving their operational stability and facilitating their recovery and reuse in the process. The characteristics of the carrier and the immobilization technique employed can modulate the catalytic properties of lipases, in some cases altering their regio- and/or stereospecificities. In this context, this work had two main objectives: (i) to investigate the viability of the use of industrial palm oil residues as raw material for the production of lipase in different culture systems; (ii) to evaluate the effect of immobilization support and post-immobilization modification techniques on the activity, stability and specificity of immobilized lipase. Regarding lipase production, after the preliminary screening of 18 fungi from the Embrapa collection, the Aspergillus niger C strain was selected to evaluate lipase production by solid state (SSF) and submerged (SF) fermentation. The lipolytic activities achieved by SSF and SF of A. niger C were 15.41 and 10.46 IU/mL, respectively. The lipase produced by A. niger C by SSF showed maximum lipolytic activity at pH between 4.0 and 6.5 and at temperature between 37 and 55°C. This enzyme presented good stability at 60°C (half-life around 12 h) and greater specificity towards long carbon chain substrates, especially palm and sunflower oils. As for the immobilization step, the immobilization of a commercial lipase of Thermomyces lanuginosus (LTL) on different hydrophobic commercial supports and post-immobilization modification (glycosylation, hydroxylation and PEGylation) was first evaluated in order to verify the effect of the support and the post-immobilization modification technique on lipase activity, stability and specificity. Immobilization of LTL in Purolite C18 (support containing octadecyl groups) under different experimental conditions allowed the preparation of immobilized derivatives with different regiospecificities and reaction rates. Immobilization at pH 8.5 and 30°C in the presence of CTAB (cetyltrimethylammonium bromide) produced a derivative with perfect sn-1.3 regiospecificity. On the other hand, immobilization at pH 5.0 and 4°C in the absence of CTAB produced a nonspecific derivative which catalyzed the ethanolysis of acyl groups from the sunflower oil at sn-1 and sn-3 positions very quickly as well as at sn-2 position continuously. After the chemical modification of LTL adsorbed on Purolite C18 (Purolite-LTL) with PEG, the modified derivative showed high stability in an organic solvent free system (half-life of 6 days at 40ºC) and in hexane (100% activity after 20 days at 40°C). Subsequently, the immobilization of partially purified A. niger C lipase was evaluated on the supports Purolite C18 and octyl-silica (octyltriethoxysilane-modified silica). Immobilization yields were low (28-69%, in terms of activity), compared to those obtained with LTL immobilized on the same supports (approximately 100%). However, the derivative produced by the immobilization of A. niger C lipase on Purolite C18 (Purolite-LAN) showed similar performance to the Purolite-LTL derivative in the esterification of oleic acid with n-octanol, achieving oleic acid conversions of approximately 80% after 24 h of reaction. Therefore, this work stands out in an economic-environmental context, by the use of an agroindustrial residue of the processing of palm oil as a substrate for the production of an enzyme of great economic interest in different industrial sectors and by obtaining a competitive biocatalyst with a commercial lipase in important biotechnological applications.
A inclusão digital das pessoas idosas: um olhar sobre o campo da ciência tecnologia e sociedade
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-02-20)
Orlandi, Brunela Della Maggiori
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Ferreira, Pedro de Moura
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Pedro, Wilson José Alves
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8135701448186851
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5899110726794839
Introduction: Just as human aging has been happening rapidly and progressively, so has information and communication technologies. This indicates to us that different studies and interventions need to happen so that the part of the population with 60+ years, denominated digital immigrants, do not stay in the margin in this process. One of the fronts is in the field of Gerontology, allied to the Field of Science, Technology and Society, which show great importance in contributing to the effective contemplation of this process, thus proposing new conceptions of learning throughout the aging process. Objectives: Identify and characterize existing Digital Inclusion programs in Brazil and Portugal aiming to propose a format to teach technology to 60+ year olds. The study also aims to identify the profile of the elderly users of the Digital Inclusion programs and their vision on the learning process of digital technologies. Method: Through technical visits to the institutions in both countries, the work was carried out, in relation to the collection of data, in two stages: i) the research sites were first surveyed, being in Portugal Universities of the Third Age and in Brazil linked institutions to the public sector; ii) the application of semistructured questionnaires to the coordinators and/or teachers of the institutions investigated, as well as a semi-structured questionnaire for 60+ year old participants in digital inclusion activities. The results were analyzed according to Bardin’s content analysis and by simple statistics. Results: In total 23 institutions participated, being 11 in Brazil and 12 in Portugal and 44 60+ years people, being 28 from Brazil and 16 from Portugal. We can observe an ideal structuring intention for the offer of teaching activities to the technologies by both countries and many similarities in the responses of the investigated population with 60+ years regarding the learning process, however when crossing the information between coordinators and/or teachers with the information of 60+ year olds, we noticed that there are problems in the communication between both, affecting the way the teaching-learning process occurs. Conclusion: We can identify that there are activities to promote learning in technologies, but we can not infer that there is a digital inclusion of these 60+ year olds in both countries. Considering the answers by both groups investigated, the work presents an ideal format of courses that offer activities with the intention to include people with 60+ years in the digital era. Thus, the need to development of a way to teach the use of the technologies to 60+ year olds becomes evident with this work.
Temporalidade e Individuação em Gilles Deleuze (1953-1968)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-02-20)
Silva, Luiz Eduardo Albert
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Pinto, Débora Cristina Morato
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1311151012002541
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1535505408482567
This dissertation aims to present the inheritance between temporality and individuation in the philosophy of Gilles Deleuze during the period from 1953 to 1968. To this end, we highlight the previous monographs Difference and Repetition, published in 1968, in order to locate the logical movements that go back to theory of Deleuzian time and affirm a kind of processual individuation, characterized by the connection between Being and Devir from a pre-individual field crossed by instability. In three syntheses, Deleuze constitutes a non-ordinal time, crossed by a force that constantly destroys it, chaos. Thus, habit, memory and eternal return are identified respectively present, past and future, so that an image of time as a process of production, differentiation, invention of novelty is erected on these concepts. Simultaneously with this reconstruction, the research is opened on other themes such as, for example, Deleuze's methodological approach based on conceptual characters constantly perverted for his purposes, and, especially, the question that can encompass all the themes discussed here, both methodological as well as conceptual, the construction of an open logical / philosophical system, the producer of small conceptual machineries that expand it and redirect its concepts with each retake. Philosophy as problem-concept production, "open map", remonstrated by eradicating any resource determinations, aiming to create concepts that have to be constantly resized between conceptual characters and philosophical problems.
Seleção e evolução dirigida de leveduras para a utilização nas indústrias do bioetanol e cervejeiras
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-02-20)
Mandujano, Gustavo Patricio Lorca
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Sousa, Cristina Paiva de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9002619114161319
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Cunha, Anderson Ferreira da
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0329741640375661
The fermented product industries have been demanding alternatives for increasing yields and reducing fermentation costs. Nowadays, the technique known as adaptive evolution becomes an excellent tool to develop different yeast phenotypes for fermentative processes. Our research group has been developing since 2009 a project focused on the isolation of yeasts obtained from Brazilian bioethanol industries, obtaining a strain collection that reaches 289 isolates. The challenge of this work is focused on the use of this collection to identify some strains with characteristics of interest in two industries: beer and bioethanol. With regard to beer production, we have been able to identify up to 64 yeasts with maltose growth potential, indicating a promising result for the evolution of these linages. The two strains, LGBA-287 and LGBA-288, with higher capacity of maltose were used in fermentation experiments and when compared to an industrial lineage they were similar in fermentative capacity. The analysis of the production route of 4-vinylguayacol (4-VG) given by the expression of the PAD1 and FDC1 genes and complemented with beer sensory evaluation allowed to demonstrate that there are possibilities to obtain beers with aromatic complexity using yeasts isolated from bioethanol. The development of these strains may have a direct application in fermentative processes aiming at a better quality of the product. In the case of bioethanol, an isolated thermotolerant lineage (LGBA-01) was tested; commercial yeast CAT-1; an evolved CAT-1 phenotype (CATEV, evolved under multi-stress conditions). (I) significant changes in the expression of genes such as: production of glycerol (GPD1 and GPD2) and ethanol (ADH1), and the production of glycerol (GPD1 and GPD2) ; (II) Signals of metabolic pathway by expression of genes such as GPD1, GPD2, ADH1, ALD4, ADR1, AGT1, MAL31, ACS2, SUC2 and SNF1. The expression of these genes revealed that CATEV presented trade-offs associated to the process of adaptive evolution in response to unfavorable conditions. In HPLC analysis, LGBA-01 and CATEV showed high capacity of ethanol production when fermented at high temperatures. Finally, our results could contribute to both industry and the scientific community.