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A docência, seus saberes e a constituição do professor como profissional do ensino básico, técnico e tecnológico
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-02-20) Souza, Juscelino Pereira de; Tedeschi, Wania; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5743322664981581; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3380300223234539
The objective of this research is to understand the actions performed by professional education teachers regarding their teaching methodologies in order to make an analytical reflection of the teaching knowledge in the classroom. The theme has relevance for bringing up the issue of the re-signification of the teaching action on present days. Technical knowledge and rationality, both characteristics of the teacher education process, contrast with an educational reality that demands update of the pedagogical practice at all times. Thus, teacher training should not only include technical knowledge, but also articulate work, science and culture in the teaching action. The methodological approach for this work consists of a qualitative research. Two techniques were used to collect data: questionnaire and interview. Data analysis sought to answer the following question: how does the teacher constitutes himself as a professional of the basic, technical and technological education in the classes of technical subjects? Oral and Written Narratives were chosen as analytical concepts. The narratives suggested that, at first, teachers’ constitution is based on their experience as students with their teachers and, as soon as they develop into teaching practices, their own experiences in the classroom and the contact with their own students raise doubts about the teaching and learning processes. Finally, the research subjects were teachers from Basic, Technical and Technological Education from a campus of the Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Sao Paulo (IFSP), who had no pedagogical training. They all work with full time technical education, having had different trainings and having worked in different contexts and technical areas, resulting in a varied sample. As a result, it is expected to raise significant questions that contribute to the discussion on the training and professional knowledge of teachers on present days.
As condições de expansão da Universidade Federal de Viçosa e de implementação do Programa de Apoio a Planos de Reestruturação e Expansão das Universidades Federais (REUNI) e suas repercussões no trabalho docente
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-02-20) Santana, Kátia de Cássia; Silva, Eduardo Pinto e; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3492708361349827; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4608666480559199
The objective of the research was analyzed as implications of the expansion of the Federal University of Viçosa (UFV) and the implementation of the Federal University Restructuring and Expansion Plans Support Program (REUNI) in the teaching work. We sought to articulate some theoretical propositions about: the relations between changes in the world of work, State Reform and educational policies; the mediations of the relationship between work and education. We started from the assumption that the structural changes of capitalism have brought transformations to the world of work and to the teaching career that becomes marked by the logic of efficiency and the maximization of resources and the workforce. We also sought to investigate how the phenomena of the productive reconfiguration of the public university took place in the institution, as well as to indicate if there was a process of intensification of the teaching work at UFV after the implementation of REUNI. We defined UFV and professors of 5 departments that make up the undergraduate courses in the full-time Biological Sciences (Bachelor/Teaching Degree) and nocturnal Biological Sciences (Teaching Degree) as the empirical field of our object of analysis. Data collection included official, institutional and academic documents; the application of questionnaires to 60 professors about the teaching profile and vision about the expansion; conducting of 12 semistructured interviews on activities and daily life of the teaching work. We sought the relatively egalitarian participation of professors in different stages of the professional career (initial, intermediate and final) and they presented distinctions in relation to the activities in which they participated. Thus, respondents were professors who taught in graduate and undergraduate courses; professors who taught only at graduation; among professors who taught in postgraduate courses, those with different qualifications: fellow’s productivity - categories researcher 1 level A, B, C and D and 2, and professors who did not have them. We defined the following categories of analysis: working conditions; conflicts in work relationships; academic productivity and intensification of work. We sought to confront the analysis of professors' discourses, obtained through interviews, documentary data and questionnaires. It was possible to identify contradictions in the discourses and in the process of implementing the program. We point out that the process of intensification of teaching work is linked to the increase in the number of students and the demands of research productivity. We verified the managerialism engendered in the daily work with the predominance of indexes and goals to the detriment of the substantive professor’s work. The managerialist ideology tends to naturalize academic productivism and generate conflicts in work relationships, and the professors' complaints were reiterated in relation to each other regarding the distribution of management, teaching, research and extension tasks. We also considered that the reconfiguration of university practices in this context may threaten the quality of teaching and research in the institution. Thus, it was possible to indicate that REUNI: reproduces a managerial logic based on management and control mechanisms that, in the name of efficiency, generates competitiveness; implements courses with problems in the hiring of professors of the area, without finishing some buildings designed and with a deficit in the hiring of administrative technicians, as opposed to a considerable increase in the number of students. We have concluded that there is a tendency of naturalization of academic productivism and intensification of work, which leads to conflicts, unequal distribution of activities, and hierarchization among professors. And they admit that the qualitative dimension of teaching and research tends to be overwhelmed by the quantitative buyers of teacher performance evaluation.
Um estudo enunciativo da palavra escravo e sua designação nas cartas do Conde do Pinhal para sua esposa Naninha
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-02-20) Dornas, Nayara Fernanda; Silva, Soeli Maria Schreiber da; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8794598988783452; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4599061158292447
Despite the difficulty of finding accurate data and documents regarding slavery in São Carlos, the slave was present throughout the development process of the city, but the slave is silenced throughout history. Thus, through an enunciative look provided by the theory of Semantics of the Event developed by the Brazilian scholar Eduardo Guimarães, the present work addresses the word slave and its designation throughout the letters of the Count of Pinhal to Anna Carolina, his wife, known as Naninha . We aim to study slave designations and also to identify slave designations in the relation with the proper name, adopting, in this way, the perspective that the event is the functioning of the language. We will use some resources of the theoretical-methodological contribution of Semantics of the Event as enunciative space, enunciative scene, enunciative agency, temporality, political, designation, articulation, rewriting and DSD developed by Guimarães, enunciative pertinence, domain of reference, force of progression, force of retrospection by Dias, and argumentation and presupposition by Ducrot. We intend, therefore, to study the designation of slave, silenced in this enunciative space and observe this silencing through the difficulty of finding accurate data and documents regarding slavery in São Carlos, and this is due to the determination of 1890 that ordered the incineration of documents which proved the property of the slave. That is, this measure is one of several attempts to silence and prevent the slave and his senses and meaning from gaining space. We also analyze the functioning of the proper names in the present of the enunciative event of the letters. We thus note that the proper names refer to the word slave, since the proper names are determined by the type of work developed, sometimes by the color of the skin, sometimes by the functioning of the name in other enunciations that through the relation of integration reveals the meaning of slave, so we have that proper names work with the sense of slaves.
Efeito da intervenção educativa grupal em cuidadoras idosas com Comprometimento Cognitivo Leve
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-02-20) Monteiro, Diana Quirino; Gratão, Aline Cristina Martins; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7873339343111119; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5135213835907578
Introduction: The performance of cognitive functions is important for the maintenance of autonomy and independence of the elderly. The aging process, conceived as a worldwide phenomenon, encompasses a decline in cognitive functions. Associated with the diagnosis of Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI), the fact of being a caregiver and the demands of care cause a series of complications that can be prevented, such as depressive symptoms, anxiety and cognitive deficit. Objective: to analyze the efficacy of a group health education program, composed of educational activities and combined with group dynamics, on depressive symptoms, anxiety, global cognition and their domains, and quality of life of elderly caregivers with MCI. Method: This is a quasi-experimental, controlled study in which 13 caregivers participated in the intervention Educação em Saúde (GES) and 11 in the Grupo Controle (GC) in the first half of 2016. They were evaluated before and after the intervention, interspersed between classes and dynamics totaling 20 meetings for 5 months by the following instruments: Addenbrooke's Cognitive Examination-Revised (ACE-R), Questionário de Mudança Cognitiva-22 (QMC-22), Inventário de Ansiedade e Depressão de Beck, WHOQOL-bref quality of life and Escala de Queixa de Memória (EQM). All ethical care was observed during the data collection and analysis process. The Mann-Whitney U tests for independent samples and Fisher's Exact Test to compare the groups (GES and GC) and the Wilcoxon and McNemar Test to evaluate the effects of the intervention were applied. Results: The effectiveness of the intervention on the cognitive domains "attention / orientation" (p = 0.03), "memory" (p = 0.002) and "visuospatial abilities" (p = 0.007) -R (p = 0.002), MEEM (p = 0.02) and on depression symptoms (p = 0.02). In the GC, no effects were observed, with the group remaining the same at the baseline and at the moment after intervention. Conclusion: The results suggest that the group Health Education program has a beneficial effect on symptoms of depression and cognitive abilities in elderly caregivers with MCI.
Estudo experimental de uma intervenção não farmacológica para promover equilíbrio emocional entre estudantes universitários
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-02-20) Bianchini, Camila; Grazziano, Eliane da Silva; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0756271401443488; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0479179838363611
Recent researches have revealed worrying rates of stress, anxiety and depression in college students. In the academic environment, negative emotional reactions and physical symptoms related to stress occur when curricular requirements exceed the student's ability, resources, or needs, leading to stress affecting negatively concentration, memory and problem solving, which can lead harm the student's performance. Therefore, it is important for college students learning how to manage stress while actively engaging with healthy challenges that promote growth. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of an intervention to reduce stress, anxiety, and depression, and improve attention capacity ability in college students. An experimental study, not randomized, pre/posttest design with 59 undergraduate and strictu sensu postgraduate female students (treatment group (TG) = 27, control group (CG) = 32) in a Brazilian public university was performed between October and December 2016. TG completed an 8-week program, 2 and half hours per week with the Cultivating Emotional Balance course (CEB based course) and Hatha Yoga exercises. All participants completed the self-report questionnaires at baseline and after 8 weeks (Lipp Stress Symptons Inventory (ISSL), Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and the Mindful Attention Awareness Scale (MAAS) at baseline, and after 8 weeks). Descriptive analyzes, chi-square test, t-test, Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney, Odds Ratio(OR) and Relative Risk(RR) tests were performed. All the applied questionnaries presented good reliability in the pre and post test. The post-test OR analysis indicated stress in the CG 2.77 higher than the GI; there was a reduction from 77.7% to 40.7% of GI participants who were in the stress resistance/exhaustion phase and a 42% reduction of stress complaint (RR = 0.58). Pre and post-test results for GI showed a significant reduction for BAI (p = 0.002) and BDI (p <0.001); there was no significant difference for MAAS (p = 0.078). Positive correlations of moderate intensity were identified between depression and anxiety (r = 0.761, p <0.01); the MAAS post test presented negative correlation with BAI (r = -0.615, p <0.01) and BDI (r = -0.597, p <0.01). The CEB based course associated with Hatha Yoga was able to reduce the stress, anxiety and symptoms of depression in university students, but it was not able to improve attention levels. The present intervention demonstraded as a possible tool for stress management among university students, presenting as advantages the possibility of being executed in group and the low cost for its implementation.
O uso de textos de divulgação científica em aulas de genética na educação básica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-02-20) Santos, Elizandra Paulino dos; Freitas, Denise de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3330976062026878; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4447289423954663
The questioning about the fundamental role of the School in contemporary society is recurrent by the professionals of Education faced with the difficulties of constructing models and teaching practices that cover the real needs of the students. Considering that the purpose of the School is to form critical and reflective citizens able to play their roles in society consciously, full mastery of reading ability is an essential condition. Therefore, we use in this work texts of scientific dissemination (SDT) as didactic resource due to its great pedagogical potential. The research had as objectives: to elaborate and to apply a didactic sequence with theoretical contents of genetics in a STS perspective; identify the STS approach of the study; to evaluate how the reading of SDT contributed to the development of the reading ability; to evaluate if the use of SDT as didactic resource contributed to the consolidation of the learning of concepts of Genetics. As an instrument of data collection, a questionnaire of open answers and questions of interpretation of texts were used. The didactic sequence was elaborated with texts extracted from the Magazines Ciência Hoje and Pesquisa FAPESP. Its application was made in 2016, in a class of the 2nd year of the high school of a public school in the interior of São Paulo. The analysis of the answers given by the students to the questions of interpretation of the SDT revealed difficulties in making inferences and in recognizing the overall aspect of the texts. Regarding the levels in the cognitive domain of the revised Bloom taxonomy, it was expected that students in the second year of high school were able to perform activities belonging to the categories remember, understand, analyze and evaluate, but the results indicate that the correct answers to questions are when they require only the recognition of explicit information (category remember). As for learning in genetics, we perceive a better mastery of concepts such as gene, genome, chromosomal mutation, DNA and transgenics. The small progress in learning conquered leads us to believe that SDT is an important instrument for the integration between Science, Technology and Society (STS) and that its use in Science classes will allow an introduction of a STS education system.
Produção heteróloga de inibidores de pectina metil esterase (PMEI), para ensaios de inibição com PME e Invertase, enzimas intestinais do Sphenophorus levis
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-02-20) Araque, Camilo Orozco; Silva, Flávio Henrique da; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1757309852446263
The pectin is a fundamental part of the cell wall from plants and it is composed mainly by 4 polysaccharides. The polysaccharide most abundant is the homogalacturonan (HG) representing up to 65% from pectin, and it is a homopolymer of galacturonic acid, mainly methyl esterified. The HG is a substrate for pectin remodeling enzymes, also called pectinases. The pectinase that participates in the first phase of pectin degradation is the Pectin Methylesterase (PME) (E.C.3.1.1.1.1). This enzyme catalyzes the hydrolysis of two groups methyl ester of the principal chain of HG. In previous works of our laboratory we identified and characterized a PME (Sl-PME) in a cDNA library of the sugarcane weevil, Sphenhophorus levis. The PMEs from plants can be inhibited by endogenous inhibitors from plants, the Pectin Methylesterase Inhibitors (PMEIs). The inhibition is achieved by the formation of a pH dependent 1.1 complex. Until now there is no report of an inhibition the insects PMEs by plants PMEIs, which was tested in this work. On the other our laboratory also identified an S. levis invertase, called Sl-invertase. The Sl-invertase has digestive function and hidrolise the sacarore. Structurally PMEIs share high identity with invertase inhibitors (INH). That inhibitors comprise a large plant protein family known as PMEI-related proteins (PMEI-RP). Therefore we also decide to investigate the inhibition of Sl-invertase by PMEIs. Inhibitors from four species of plants: Actinidia deliciosa (Kiwi), Saccharum hybrid (Sugar cane), Solanum lycopersicum (Tomato) e Vitis americana (Grape) were cloned and recombinantly produced in the yeast Pichia pastoris. The Sl-PME and Sl-invertase were also were expressed in the yeast P. pastoris. Neither the inhibitors inhibited the Sl-PME activity, although a complex of Sl-PME and sugarcane PMEI was identified in vitro. Regarding the Sl-invertase it was significantly inhibited by the PMEIs from tomato (20%) and sugar cane (40%).
Habilidades rítmicas para crianças com autismo com procedimentos da Análise do Comportamento Aplicada
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-02-20) Asnis, Valéria Peres; Elias, Nassim Chamel; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4216525883778695; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9926181735765678
Children receive the diagnosis of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) when they present deficits in social communication and interaction and restricted and repetitive behaviors and interests. Studies suggest that using appropriate strategies for teaching music to people with ASD can contribute to an environment favorable to music learning, as well as developing appropriate social behaviors and possible decreases in inappropriate behaviors. The objective of this work was to investigate the learning of rhythmic skills with the use of musical instruments with children diagnosed with ASD, using behavioral intervention. As secondary objectives, to verify if the engagement in the tasks of teaching with musical activities would lead to the reduction of the frequency of inappropriate behaviors and increase of appropriate social behaviors. The method has indirect evaluation of reinforcers and participants’ characterization of input musical repertoire. A multiple baseline design across musical repertoires was used, in which the participant was taught to play a musical instrument, following a pre-established rhythm with a motor imitation procedure. The learning criterion was three consecutive independent responses. In general, the results indicate that all participants were able to perform and apprehend the musical pulse generalizing it for all the songs proposed for this study. This study corroborated other studies that showed the effectiveness of musical activities as a mean to develop and increase appropriate behaviors and diminish those that are socially unfit. It is hoped that the study will contribute to a better understanding of the relationship between teaching of musical skills and behavioral intervention for people with ASD in order to subsidize educational actions and indicate new studies to be conducted.
Contratação de cooperativas de catadores de materiais recicláveis pelo poder público municipal: estudo em três municípios do estado de São Paulo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-02-20) Santos, Carolina Valente; Zanin, Maria; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9685965969782429; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0227497359785095
Solid waste pickers work as a fundamental element in the recycling chain, even though they represent its weakest bond, due to the precariousness in their activities as well as their historical condition as socially invisible actors. From the end of the 1990s, the process of organizing these waste pickers into cooperatives, as well as the creation of the National Movement of Recyclable Waste Pickers, has become fundamental elements in the struggle of these workers for recognition and better conditions in their work and their lives. Likewise, the Solidarity Economy movement, which has organized itself in the country from the 1990s, has also played a leading role in supporting the organization of waste pickers. This process was associated with the elaboration and sanctioning of laws and public policies, such as the National Solid Waste Policy in 2010, which provide instruments favorable to the recognition and formal incorporation of waste pickers into the recycling chain, such as the possibility of hiring their cooperatives as service providers to municipalities. The studies in the CTS field integrate this scenario, based on the role fundamentally exercised by science in the field of social inequalities, in which the activity of collecting recyclables is shown, and, in particular, by the regulatory science, which aims to produce knowledge in order to subsidize the process of elaboration of public policies. In this context, the present research has as its objective to explore analytically the favorable conditions and difficulties in the role that has been played by contracts between cooperatives and municipalities, to three cooperatives, as a tool to effectively represent a step forward in this process of formal inclusion of these workers. The method for conducting the research is the exploratory study with data collection performed with participant observation of the Anastacia Network of cooperatives of recyclable waste pickers, located in the interior of the state of São Paulo. The empirical object focused by the present study are three cooperatives members of this Network which maintained contracts with their municipalities during the period of the research. The results show that the content of the contracts differs considerably from one municipality to another, as well as the level of compliance with the respective clauses and the responsible secretaries for the management of the contracts in the administrative sphere of municipalities. It was also shown that, in one of the cases, the contracts’ management has been discontinued because of changes in municipal public management, and the initiative to establish the contracts has been from the municipality in two cases and from the cooperative in one case. Therefore, it can be concluded that the processes of contracting waste pickers' cooperatives by the municipal public authorities are still associated with several limitations when considering their potential to assign better working conditions to the waste pickers, which, in turn, is related to the maintenance of favorable political actors in the respective municipalities, to the high complexity in the processes of implementation of public policies, and to the highly decentralized model of federalism currently held in Brazil.
Seleção e evolução dirigida de leveduras para a utilização nas indústrias do bioetanol e cervejeiras
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-02-20) Mandujano, Gustavo Patricio Lorca; Sousa, Cristina Paiva de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9002619114161319; Cunha, Anderson Ferreira da; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0329741640375661
The fermented product industries have been demanding alternatives for increasing yields and reducing fermentation costs. Nowadays, the technique known as adaptive evolution becomes an excellent tool to develop different yeast phenotypes for fermentative processes. Our research group has been developing since 2009 a project focused on the isolation of yeasts obtained from Brazilian bioethanol industries, obtaining a strain collection that reaches 289 isolates. The challenge of this work is focused on the use of this collection to identify some strains with characteristics of interest in two industries: beer and bioethanol. With regard to beer production, we have been able to identify up to 64 yeasts with maltose growth potential, indicating a promising result for the evolution of these linages. The two strains, LGBA-287 and LGBA-288, with higher capacity of maltose were used in fermentation experiments and when compared to an industrial lineage they were similar in fermentative capacity. The analysis of the production route of 4-vinylguayacol (4-VG) given by the expression of the PAD1 and FDC1 genes and complemented with beer sensory evaluation allowed to demonstrate that there are possibilities to obtain beers with aromatic complexity using yeasts isolated from bioethanol. The development of these strains may have a direct application in fermentative processes aiming at a better quality of the product. In the case of bioethanol, an isolated thermotolerant lineage (LGBA-01) was tested; commercial yeast CAT-1; an evolved CAT-1 phenotype (CATEV, evolved under multi-stress conditions). (I) significant changes in the expression of genes such as: production of glycerol (GPD1 and GPD2) and ethanol (ADH1), and the production of glycerol (GPD1 and GPD2) ; (II) Signals of metabolic pathway by expression of genes such as GPD1, GPD2, ADH1, ALD4, ADR1, AGT1, MAL31, ACS2, SUC2 and SNF1. The expression of these genes revealed that CATEV presented trade-offs associated to the process of adaptive evolution in response to unfavorable conditions. In HPLC analysis, LGBA-01 and CATEV showed high capacity of ethanol production when fermented at high temperatures. Finally, our results could contribute to both industry and the scientific community.
Implantação de Sistemas Agroflorestais na Agricultura Familiar: um caminho para a transição agroecológica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-02-20) Bezerra, Leila Pires; Souza-Esquerdo, Vanilde Ferreira de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9535960068552016; Franco, Fernando Silveira; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3218633711361955; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3005875732798244
The rural development model adopted in the last decades has had great social, economic and environmental impacts demonstrating the need to seek more sustainable ways. This study presents the research carried out in Agroforestry Systems (SAF), implemented by family farmers in Sumaré II and III settlements, and in Cooperacra, located in the municipalities of Sumaré and Americana, respectively , in the state of Sao Paulo. The first chapter refers to the analysis of the process of knowledge construction on SAFs and their contribution to the agroecological transition process. The methodology was based on the Case Study and the research instruments used were the Focus Group and the Field Diary. As results, we observe social changes in the organization of farmers and in the areas of SAF and its surroundings as well as its potential in promoting leaps in the process of agroecological transition. The second chapter presents the evaluation of the development of SAFs implemented by family farmers and discusses their influence factors. The methodology was based on participant observation and discourse analysis. As a result, we observed that the construction and appropriation of agroecological knowledge strongly influenced the development of SAFs; however, other factors, such as traditional knowledge, farmers' economic situation and land ownership and their relation to autonomy, also interfered in this process. The third chapter presents the soil quality analysis of SAFs and the comparison of these results with chemical and physical soil attributes obtained by conventional methods. The methodology used was Pfeiffer Circular Chromatography. The results demonstrated that the method can provide an overview and reliable of the state of the soil and that there was correlation with the results of the conventional methods. Considering the relevance of Agroforestry Systems in promoting the agroecological transition, it is necessary to deepen the research on this production system, in order to improve its practices, as well as to demonstrate its economic, social and environmental viability.
Análise relacional intrainstitucional: redes de coautoria e acoplamento de autores
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-02-20) Franco, Nathalia Mendes Gerotti; Faria, Leandro Innocentini Lopes de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0767710394930118; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6517813186585295
Research on the impacts of collaboration on scientific works has been growing in recent years, mainly focused on a look at the political implications and allocation of financial resources. Scientific collaboration can encompass various levels of analysis, with emphasis on the internal - intrainstitutional, (intra) national - or situating what is being analyzed in an external context - interinstitutional, international and others. However, the issue of intra-institutional collaboration and identification of collaboration opportunities has little approach and studies. There is no knowledge of studies that deal with these two themes simultaneously in order to identify opportunities for collaboration within an institution. Thus, this paper presents an overview of the scientific collaboration between the professors of a federal university in the state of São Paulo, and presents a procedure to identify potential researchers for future collaborations. The identification of these potential collaborations is based on the coupling of authors by subject matter through the keywords that the teachers themselves put into their Lattes Curricula. In Brazil, the Lattes Curriculum is a platform that brings together a vast set of data on the performance of Brazilian researchers, which includes their main activities and academic achievements. For this work, data were extracted from the Lattes Platform using the SyncLattes tool developed by the NIT / Materials research group, and the processing of these data was done through Vantage Point software. Besides the elaborations of the matrices and networks, made with the software UCINET / NetDraw and Gephi. To identify the university's collaborative profile, a data sample containing 27,107 publications with 1,576 teachers was used. And for the analysis of the potential collaborations, a second data sample was used with 755 publications, 478 teachers and 1,717 key words. As a result, a set of indicators is presented on the scientific collaboration within the institution that is the focus of the study, as well as a keyword affiliation network, where it is possible to identify researchers with high potential for collaboration, which may help the teachers themselves to locate its potential partners, but it can also be used by strategic institutional bodies to foster collaboration among internal teachers to the organization. Based on the theoretical review and the analysis of the results it is concluded that there is a great collaborative potential still little explored.
Andarilhos da esperança: estudo sobre a luta política impulsionada pela vida na rua e seus processos educativos sistematizada na experiência do Fórum da População de Rua de São Carlos/SP entre 2016 e 2017
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-02-20) Almeida, Sara Ferreira de; Oliveira, Maria Waldenez de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3404769527869004; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4743307615850591
The more than 100 thousand people living on the streets in Brazil, without fundamental rights access is the result of a life organization system whose primary elements are: profit and private property; individualism and social segregation. Reactions of the Homeless in face of this reality led to the institution of public policy focused on the group in 2009. Academic production, especially in the field of Education, did not focus on the conquest of these rights, trying to understand if the processes of organization of the group in the struggle their problem or in their maintenance. This study sought to address this gap by explore emerging educational processes in such practice. The methodological course was built in two moments. The first one followed the presuppositions of the Philosophy of Liberation of Enrique Dussel that contributed the narrative of three militants of the Forum of the Homeless and of the Homeless National Movement in Campinas. They shared their own experiences from childhood to adulthood and from that to political engagement, making it possible to understand that life on the street dehumanizes and creates the substratum to humanize, but does not necessarily achieve that purpose. The political struggle unfolds in the practical field in distinct ways classified as: political practice for, with and of the Homeless. Each of them forms their subjects and they can be representatives and supporters of the street. These categories are organized by the conception of politics and education of Enrique Dussel and Paulo Freire. Such authors argue that when the voice of victimized subjects is heard in the construction of political struggle, it becomes an instrument of destabilization of what is given. It was this premise that guided the second moment of the sustained methodological course on the Systematization of Experiences, a research procedure that seeks to overcome the totalization of hegemonic science that hides popular knowledge. Adopting this strategy and anchoring it in the thinking of Oscar Jara Holliday and Marco Raul Mejía allowed the analysis of the political action of the São Carlos Homeless Forum from february 2016 to january 2017. Field notes, personal memories, minutes of the monthly meetings, photographic images, interviews and talk wheels were sources of recording and data collection. The conclusion of the investigation provided the defense that in the practice of political struggle carried out by those who have a street trajectory and their supporters, a narrative and knowledge capable of forming a proper reference point of this experience, which is always diverse and collective, is produced. The identification of the processes of his institution allowed to point out contributions to the political-educational activities of this popular group, besides giving clues to the construction of a scientific praxis that comes from the domain of the totalization of academic knowledge about the popular.
Atividade, cotidiano e ocupação na terapia ocupacional no Brasil: usos e conceitos em disputa
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-02-20) Poellnitz, Jéssica Cristina Von; Silva, Carla Regina; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6417501858864106; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3002949981438862
The present work aims to analyze the adoption and concepts of the terms activity, occupation and day-to-day in occupational therapy in Brazil. To accomplish its objective, this work was composed of two phases to collect and analyze the data: 1) historical mapping of the use of terms in a national occupational therapy conference; 2) the usage of the terms by occupational therapists in the country currently. The first phase consisted of a theoretical investigation of the theme and mapping the adoption of the terms in the Brazilian Congress of Occupational Therapy (CBTO), between the years of 1989 and 2015. The second phase consisted of conducting interviews with five occupational therapists who perform and/or accomplished important discussions and/or publish (in journals and/or books and/or scientific conferences of the field) about the theme addressed in this study. The results of the first phase are organized textually and graphically in order to present the historical progress of the employment of the terms in the occupational therapy in Brazil and, more specifically, in the CBTO. From these results it was possible to detect the predominant usage of the term activity in the development of the history of the profession and its variations of the lexical field, as well as the increase of the adoption of the term day-to-day starting on the year of 2003 and the term occupation starting on the year of 2007. The data obtained from the second phase were analyzed and organized in theme categories: a) understanding of the employment of terms by occupational therapists – composition between private and plural; b) individual-aggregate perceptions – the application of the terms in occupational therapy and critical issues involved; c) training in occupational therapy. These results allow us to affirm that four main categories influence the adoption of a term and its conceptual body: identity, trajectory, conceptual perspective and experience. Therefore, several aspects affect the usage of the words and its concepts becomes subjective and unique. In addition, activity is the expression most adopted among the interviewed occupational therapists, followed by day-to-day. Only one interviewee uses the term occupation, such term that had different criticisms and controversial arguments pointed out by the interviewed professionals. Regarding training in occupational therapy, it was concluded that this theme is fundamental, although, as the interviewees mentioned, it is taught in different ways in the several higher education institutions in the country, which is worrisome, resulting in greatly contrasting formations based on the foundation content for the profession. Finally, we entice the need for investment in reflections that concern production of knowledge about the subject, considering that the interviewees pointed out that this remains precarious. We emphasize that the present research consists of only a part of the game of forces, of dispute and power intrinsic to the field of knowledge, in which it is necessary to consider many other components to deepen the questions concerning the epistemological foundation/conceptualization in occupational therapy.
Um modelo auto-adaptativo para apoio ao offloading dinâmico em aplicações móveis
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-02-20) Nakahara, Flávio Akira; Beder, Delano Medeiros; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5845245549777383; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6079528828841558
Mobile cloud computing is one of the main ways to augment the performance of resource-constrained mobile devices, bringing resources and services from computationally powerful remote servers in order to provide support to the execution of rich mobile applications. However, an efficient and intelligent use of cloud resources is required due to changing environment conditions and application variability usage. This dissertation presents CoSMOS - Context-Sensitive Model for Offloading System - a context-aware and self-adaptive offloading decision support model for mobile cloud computing systems, based on self-aware and self-expressive system architecture patterns. It employs decision-taking estimation based on application's time execution and energy consumption to decide efficiently when and which application methods should be offloaded in order to improve system's execution. Two practical study cases were used to evaluate the model's approach performance: a N-queen problem application, and MpOS's BenchImage. The results shown that the model is capable of inferring appropriate decisions with acceptable performance in a range of environment conditions.
Controle da podridão azeda em frutos cítricos através de métodos alternativos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-02-20) Machado, Bianca Ikari; Kupper, Katia Cristina; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7900622063392740; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5650487015985128
Fungicides such as Thiabendazole and Imazalil are commonly used for the control of post-harvest diseases in citrus, presenting a good control especially on blue mold (Penicillium italicum) and green mold (Penicillium digitatum). On the other hand, for the sour rot caused by the Geotrichum citri-aurantii that occurs, also, in the post-harvest of citrus there is no sustainable method or, a chemical control that is registered under the conditions of Brazil. The restriction of the use of chemical products due to phytotoxicity, residual effects, action spectrum, obtaining of resistant strains from pathogen and its harmful effects have stimulated the reduction of its use and the adoption of alternative methods. Specific practices, such as biological control or the use of natural products, aim at maintaining the equilibrium of the agroecosystem, so that the plant in the presence of the pathogen does not suffer significant economic damages. In view of the above, the objective of this work was to investigate different alternative methods for the control of sour rot. For this, in vitro and in vivo tests were carried out with fruits of Pêra sweet orange and Murcott tangor, where they were submitted to treatments with immersion (heat treatment, chitosan and guazatine fungicide at different doses) or pipetting (suspension of yeast Sporobolomyces koalae), associated or not. In vitro tests showed the potential of the guazatine fungicide to control G. citri-aurantii, providing 100% inhibition in the mycelial growth. The use of half of dose of the fungicide associated with S. koalae yeast (ACBL-42) was the best control for sour rot in Pêra sweet orange and Murcott tangor fruits, with 100% healthy fruits and did not affect the quality of the fruits. Chitosan, as a natural product, was only effective in the reducing of size of the lesions caused by G. citri-aurantii, and did not decrease the number of diseased fruits, and this effect was only observed when the fruits of Pêra sweet orange and Murcott tangor were treated in a curative way. The prevent treatment with yeast alone showed efficient control of disease in tangor Murcott. The heat treatment (52ºC/three minutes) combined or not with biological method (yeast) or natural product (chitosan) did not present effective control of the disease, when applied in citrus fruits.
Temporalidade e Individuação em Gilles Deleuze (1953-1968)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-02-20) Silva, Luiz Eduardo Albert; Pinto, Débora Cristina Morato; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1311151012002541; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1535505408482567
This dissertation aims to present the inheritance between temporality and individuation in the philosophy of Gilles Deleuze during the period from 1953 to 1968. To this end, we highlight the previous monographs Difference and Repetition, published in 1968, in order to locate the logical movements that go back to theory of Deleuzian time and affirm a kind of processual individuation, characterized by the connection between Being and Devir from a pre-individual field crossed by instability. In three syntheses, Deleuze constitutes a non-ordinal time, crossed by a force that constantly destroys it, chaos. Thus, habit, memory and eternal return are identified respectively present, past and future, so that an image of time as a process of production, differentiation, invention of novelty is erected on these concepts. Simultaneously with this reconstruction, the research is opened on other themes such as, for example, Deleuze's methodological approach based on conceptual characters constantly perverted for his purposes, and, especially, the question that can encompass all the themes discussed here, both methodological as well as conceptual, the construction of an open logical / philosophical system, the producer of small conceptual machineries that expand it and redirect its concepts with each retake. Philosophy as problem-concept production, "open map", remonstrated by eradicating any resource determinations, aiming to create concepts that have to be constantly resized between conceptual characters and philosophical problems.
A inclusão digital das pessoas idosas: um olhar sobre o campo da ciência tecnologia e sociedade
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-02-20) Orlandi, Brunela Della Maggiori; Ferreira, Pedro de Moura; Pedro, Wilson José Alves; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8135701448186851; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5899110726794839
Introduction: Just as human aging has been happening rapidly and progressively, so has information and communication technologies. This indicates to us that different studies and interventions need to happen so that the part of the population with 60+ years, denominated digital immigrants, do not stay in the margin in this process. One of the fronts is in the field of Gerontology, allied to the Field of Science, Technology and Society, which show great importance in contributing to the effective contemplation of this process, thus proposing new conceptions of learning throughout the aging process. Objectives: Identify and characterize existing Digital Inclusion programs in Brazil and Portugal aiming to propose a format to teach technology to 60+ year olds. The study also aims to identify the profile of the elderly users of the Digital Inclusion programs and their vision on the learning process of digital technologies. Method: Through technical visits to the institutions in both countries, the work was carried out, in relation to the collection of data, in two stages: i) the research sites were first surveyed, being in Portugal Universities of the Third Age and in Brazil linked institutions to the public sector; ii) the application of semistructured questionnaires to the coordinators and/or teachers of the institutions investigated, as well as a semi-structured questionnaire for 60+ year old participants in digital inclusion activities. The results were analyzed according to Bardin’s content analysis and by simple statistics. Results: In total 23 institutions participated, being 11 in Brazil and 12 in Portugal and 44 60+ years people, being 28 from Brazil and 16 from Portugal. We can observe an ideal structuring intention for the offer of teaching activities to the technologies by both countries and many similarities in the responses of the investigated population with 60+ years regarding the learning process, however when crossing the information between coordinators and/or teachers with the information of 60+ year olds, we noticed that there are problems in the communication between both, affecting the way the teaching-learning process occurs. Conclusion: We can identify that there are activities to promote learning in technologies, but we can not infer that there is a digital inclusion of these 60+ year olds in both countries. Considering the answers by both groups investigated, the work presents an ideal format of courses that offer activities with the intention to include people with 60+ years in the digital era. Thus, the need to development of a way to teach the use of the technologies to 60+ year olds becomes evident with this work.
Comunicação no processo de inovação tecnológica: relações entre ICT e o setor empresarial através dos NITs
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-02-20) Liberato, Tatiane Furukawa; Andrade, Thales Haddad Novaes de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5882842888759363; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2917075742202048
In recent years, the Scientific and Technological Institutions (STIs) have been increasingly betting on innovation, becoming more aware of the importance of the protection of the technologies developed in their research labs, as well as the need to transfer these results to society. In this context, the scientific dissemination of Technology Transfer Offices (TTOs) of these institutions can contribute to social development and to the innovative advancement of industry, as they are relevant sources of production and exchange of scientific knowledge. Given that the objective of the Offices is to encourage innovation through the training and use of the intellectual property system, and technology transfer, spreading this culture in the institution, the society and the state, this research aimed to analyze the scientific dissemination of large public Brazilian universities’TTOs, checking and managing of the communication is carried out, especially in the dissemination of intellectual property, which includes the business sector as a potential developer of technology generated in academia and therefore target audience of this process. Whereas science communication is a clarification instrument of society in relation to social impacts of science and technology, the work is based on the perspective of STS studies – Science, Technology and Society – as a promising field of research that seeks to identify the role of information to strengthen citizenship and participation in public policy research and development (R&D). The work considers the importance of the dissemination of scientific production, the interest of society in scientific affairs and the dissemination and democratization of knowledge considering the computerization of society, and the challenges and obstacles of this type of communication, in order to meet the new demands in the field of Intellectual Property and Technology Transfer. The results may provide an overview of dissemination of TTO’s, discussing weaknesses and trends and assisting in developing strategies and innovative communication practices for Brazilian STIs.
A entrada na carreira docente: o que dizem as narrativas de professores de ciências e biologia
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-02-20) Bernardo, Tassya Hemília Porto; Freitas, Denise de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3330976062026878; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9176666127222890
The beginning of the teaching career has peculiar and important characteristics to the teacher’s consolidation in the profession. It is a stage of the professional development that can evoke diverse feelings and motivate the teacher to make various decisions according to the situations experienced in the teaching. Amongst the facets of survival and discovery experienced by the beginning teachers, many of them give up, however many stay on. Taking that into account, this research aimed to understand how the Biology and Science teachers perceive the beginning of the teaching career. In order to deepen the understanding of the perceptions, five objectives were proposed — i) identify how the profession choice was done; ii) identify the teachers’ motivation for going into teaching; iii) identify the main challenges faced and the knowledge built by the teachers on the beginning of their careers; and iv) to list the chief conditions that either limit or stimulate the permanence in the teaching. The data collection method was a semi-structured interview done with five in-service state public schools teachers, that have no more than three years of teaching work, in São Carlos city — SP state. The data analysis was based on the interviews content that allowed, according to the literature, the construction of four categories: 1) Conscious or unconscious choice of the teaching profession; 2) Entry into the career; 3) Professional development; and 4) Condition and appreciation of the teaching work. The production of the teachers’ narratives was based on the interviews, considering the theoretical references, and the categories constructed and supported by the temporality axis. The data corroborated the literature assertion that the beginning of the teaching career is a phase of tensions and intensive learning. Therefore, it can be concluded that teaching is not always a clear and spontaneous teacher’s choice and the entrance into the profession can be motivated by other features such as possibility of a stable job, lack of option, evidence of personal and professional characteristics that show an identification with the teaching, and the construction of the desire to be a teacher throughout the life trajectory. On that career phase, the teachers face various difficulties in the personal, professional and institutional spheres. To most beginning teachers, the knowledge of the vocational training are far from the practical knowledge, being the latter preponderant on the Biology and Science teaching praxis. In this respect, the professional knowledge takes longer to be built by the teachers. Lastly, among the reasons for the permanence on the teaching career, the teachers found stability on the job and developed affective bonds to the students. However, the faced conditions not always make the teachers to consolidate their careers, and in consequence, they quit the profession.