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Arranjos de milho com Crotalaria spectabilis: produtividade de grãos e comunidade de insetos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-06-29) Araujo, Ivonete Theodoro; Zacarin, Giuliano Grici; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6081206856356781; Fontanetti, Anastácia; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3598362104615834; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4705931953253884
The maize intercropped with green manures, especially Fabaceae provide in addition to soil protection, nutrient recycling, N deposition through biological fixation and control of spontaneous, also contribute to the increase of natural enemies, playing an important pest control insects. Such benefits of green manures are extremely important for organic corn production. With this work proposed to investigate the effects of Crotalaria spectabilis arrangements in the canopy insect community and corn production components grown in a consortium.The experimental design was a randomized block with five replications. Treatments were corn consortia with C. spectabilis: (CL) - C. spectabilis seeded on the same lines of corn; (EC) - C. spectabilis seeded corn rows; (CLE) - C. spectabilis sown in rows and lines of maize and a control (M) - Single corn. For the community canopy insects evaluated the similarities and major components associated with different arrangements C. spectabilis the consortium as well as the severity of damage caused by H. zea and S. frugiperda in maize. To evaluate the agronomic characteristics of corn evaluated were: plant height (m), ear height, dry weight of the stem (MSC), leaves (SPS) and total (MST), number of rows per ear (NFE), number of kernels per row (NGF), Average grain yield and grain hundred, weight (g) and dry matter of C. spectabilis (MSC). CLE consortium was characterized by the presence of predators and parasitoids, and M is mainly characterized by the presence of, phytophagous chewing f. suckers and also by predators. There was no difference between treatments for the damage caused by S. frugiperda on corn and by H. zea. He graduated two similar groups from the community of insects, f guilds. Chewing / f and parasitoids. sucking/predator. We evaluated the agronomic characteristics, corn production components and also the mass of dry matter production and C. spectabilis consortium. The different arrangements of C. spectabilis not affect the productivity of corn grains which averaged 5 t ha-1. However, LC arrangements of plants and reduced output CLE of dry matter of corn stem. The total dry matter in the consortium was on average 3 t ha-1.
Avaliação da aprendizagem da pessoa com deficiência intelectual: análise de teses e dissertações brasileiras
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-06-29) Alves, Augusto Marques; Orlando, Rosimeire Maria; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4254571422608459; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4059739141897265
The present research focuses on the schooling of people with disabilities, especially the school evaluation of students with intellectual disabilities. The evaluation of school learning aims to diagnose the elements that are contributing and / or hindering learning and help in its improvement. The evaluation actions within the classroom reflect not only in the way of conceiving and applying the evaluation, but also in the schooling of students with and without disabilities. In this direction we must ask ourselves: How are teachers of the regular classroom, Elementary School, performing evaluations of school learning for their students with intellectual disabilities? What does Brazilian academic production reveal to us? The present research had as general objective to make a balance and analysis of the Brazilian academic production on the evaluation of the school learning of students with intellectual deficiency, enrolled in common classroom of the Elementary School. It is a systematic review of literature supported by the methodology of integrative bibliographical research. The results indicate that the number of academic researches that have the evaluation of the learning of students with intellectual disabilities in the regular classroom of Elementary School as an object of research and analysis is small; showed the concomitant occurrence of different conceptions about the intellectual deficiency and evaluation of the learning of these students; that teachers indicate that forms of evaluation are more than documents for the purpose of recording students' performance in the learning of school contents and recognize that the evaluation tools used have an important role. These were the data selected and analyzed by this research and may indicate a transition phase in the way of conceiving intellectual disability in the classroom and how to assess the learning of these students.
Desenvolvimento e caracterização de partículas à base de biopolímeros e vinhaça com adição de biomassa microalgal para uso como fertilizante
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-06-29) Bettani, Silvia Raquel; Soares, Marcio Roberto; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6337462438517339; Silva, Mariana Altenhofen da; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8251375009305202; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6584425158204138
Sugarcane vinasse is the main wastewater from the ethanol industry, produced in a proportion of about 12 liters per liter of ethanol. Among alternatives to its disposal, Fertirrigation is commonly used in order to improve soil fertility of crops near the sugarcane producing areas. However, it is currently being questioned due to its effects on the soil and on groundwaters, caused by nutrient lixiviation. An alternative would be the development of slow and/or controlled release systems based on biodegradable polymers, such as pectin and chitosan, using vinasse as the solvent. This could reduce the amount applied and allow the extension of fertirrigation covered area. This study proposed the development of pectin and chitosan particles by ionotropic gelation using vinasse as solvent, intending a possible application in agriculture. Besides the use of vinasse, the incorporation of Desmodesmus subspicatus defatted biomass was considered to enhance nutrient content. The particles were evaluated according to their visual aspects, average diameter, moisture content, pH, solubility in water and CaCl2 0.01 mol L-1, mechanical property, chemical composition, morphology and biodegradation in soil. In general, the particles showed homogeneous matrix and spherical shapes. Pectin/vinasse particles had an average diameter of 2.7 mm, moisture content of 16.0%, pH 3.0, soluble matter of 64 and 48 g 100 g-1 in water and CaCl2 0.01 mol L-1, respectively, and compression force of 31 N. Chitosan/vinasse particles had an average diameter of 1.9 mm, moisture content of 15.2%, pH 6.6, soluble matter 43 and 34 g 100 g-1 in water and 0.01 mol L-1 CaCl2, respectively, and compression force of 62 N. The addition of microalgae biomass did not greatly affect particles properties. However, it increased the concentration of N for pectin particles and the concentration of micronutrients for both particles. The developed materials were able to retain nutrients from vinasse and showed, as solid particles, 65-93% of mineralization after 36 days of contact with soil. According to the Brazilian current legislation, they can be classified as biofertilizers and represent a novel application in agriculture, allowing the recycling of nutrients from vinasse, biopolymers and microalgal biomass to the soil.
Desenvolvimento de sensor nanomecânico de cantilever para detecção de micrornas marcadores de metástases de carcinoma epidermóide de cabeça e pescoço (CECP)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-06-29) Andrade, Mariana Arnaud de; Melendez, Matias Eliseo; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2746759168721010; Leite, Fabio de Lima; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5490031389817518; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1232885734168714
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is a neoplasm that affects the regions of the oral cavity, pharynx and larynx with high incidence, reaching approximately 600 thousand new cases per year. Cases of local recurrence and distant metastases after treatment are common and decrease the rate of overall survival for patients with HNSCC, culminating in increased mortality rates, which have not improved for 40 years. The use of molecular markers, such as microRNAs, has been widely approached by the scientific community as a promising new methodology for tumor detection. This work aimed to the development of a genossensor with microlevels (cantilevers) of Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) for analysis and detection of miRNA markers (miR-203 and miR-205) for the study of cervical lymph node metastasis. The genossensor was developed from the functionalisation process, which consists of the chemical modification of the surfaces of the microalvans, so that the complementary tapes of the miRNAs markers are immobilized and subsequently detect their target. Results obtained indicate that the proposed functionalization methodology was efficient, and confirmed the immobilization of the complementary tapes of the miRNAs markers, from the characterization by Fluorescence Microscopy and AFM morphological images. Detection of both miR-203 and miR-205 markers varied according to the different concentrations studied (100, 120, 140 and 160 nM). Through the developed genossensor it was possible to detect the target molecules: for the miR-203 marker, 10 to 72 nm cantilever deflection data were obtained, as well as for the miR-205 marker the deflection data from 10 to 170 nm. The innovative character of this work is contained in the development of a new methodology for the detection of metastasis, which, a priori, uses synthetic samples of HNSCC metastasis markers, but in the future it may be applied to real samples of patients affected by such pathology.
Análise combinatória: uma abordagem diferenciada sem a utilização de fórmulas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-06-29) Roda, Thiago Miguel; Bertoncello, Luciene Nogueira; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8028970771846775; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6705586547140480
In view of the difficulties encountered in the teaching of Combinatorial Analysis in public schools, both the student and the teacher of the High School, the present work has gained form to propose a differentiated approach. The work aims to approach Combinatorial Analysis without the use of formulas, because it has been perceived that Combinatorial Analysis is treated by many as a branch of Mathematics that needs to decorate formulas, mechanizing students' learning. With this, the content is titled as one of the most difficult in Mathematics, so we propose to work only with the Fundamental Principle of Counting (PFC) as a tool of the resolutions of the exercises. We worked on the proposal in practice with a high school room, and we get very good results. We hope that the study will be a material for studies of teachers and students.
Análise bibliométrica de teses e dissertações brasileiras sobre o conhecimento tradicional (2010-2015)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-06-29) Mello, Livia Coelho de; Rigolin, Camila Carneiro Dias; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2388584081961836; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5660714451333471
Traditional knowledge, scientific knowledge and the relationship between gender and science are studied in the area of Science, Technology and Society (STS). In this thesis, these themes were united and the traditional knowledge was investigated through the scientific knowledge produced in PhD and master theses, analyzing both the scientific community and the traditional community that were investigated in the studies. This thesis is part of a research agenda initiated in the master's degree and has as contribution to update the information and the advancement of methodological and theoretical instruments on the subject. The objective is to analyze the scientific production of PhD and master theses on the traditional and scientific knowledge. Through a quantitative and qualitative approach and using bibliometric analysis with content analysis, two hundred and sixty (260) theses available in the Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations of the IBICT, defended between the years 2010 and 2015, are analyzed. Information about date of defense, affiliation, authorship, supervision and co-supervision, funding, citation and content are examined. The results show that the number of theses defended by women has increased; most of the defenses were from the University of Brasília, mainly of the Sustainable Development Program; the largest number of defenses was from the subject area of Environmental Sciences; there has been an increase in the number of research theses conducted without funding; field study the approach mostly used; the most frequently investigated group was indigenous people; finally, Environmental / Socio-environmental / Ecological was the most highlighted thematic category in the theses, mainly looking at the relation of the traditional communities with the environment in which they live, demonstrating the insertion of the social aspects of science into scientific productions. In addition, as an important output of this research, a novel methodology that can be used in other bibliometric studies has been developed. The results may help future studies that address traditional knowledge, considering that the books, periodicals and authors that are part of the body of research have been identified.
Atitudes sobre a velhice e convivência intergeracional: professores, familiares e crianças do ensino fundamental
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-06-29) Yamashiro, Juliana Archiza; Matsukura, Thelma Simões; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5611215381682164; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1871971178749923
Studies focusing on the perspective of attitudes related to aging have pointed out how these can influence social structures and the treatment given to the elderly. This study answered the following objective: To identify and evaluate possible relationships between attitudes of teachers and elementary students - cycle 1, and the students' family members about old age. It is a correlational and comparative research, with quantitative approach. Data collection occurred in six public elementary schools (cycle 1) of a city in the state of São Paulo and was attended by 855 participants, who were divided into three groups: 53 teachers; 403 students aged between seven and eleven and; 399 families of the participating students. The teachers responded to the Neri Scale of Attitudes in relation to old age; the Palmore-Neri-Cachioni Questionnaire on Elderly Knowledge and a structured questionnaire addressed to Education professionals; the children responded to the Todaro Scale of Attitudes Regarding Old Age and a structured questionnaire directed at children; the family members answered the Neri Scale of Attitudes in relation to old age and a structured questionnaire addressed to the family members. Data were statistically analyzed using ANOVA test and two equal proportions, for comparison analyzes and Pearson's correlation test for the correlation analyzes. The participants' discursive responses were analyzed using the Collective Subject Discourse technique. The results did not show significant differences between the attitudes of the three groups, and in all groups there was a predominance of positive attitudes regarding old age. However, it has been shown that the attitudes of parents and children are correlated with each other. As for the teachers' group, the knowledge about aging was understood in this study as a low knowledge about the subject, and did not correlate with attitudes regarding old age. In addition, it was found that in all groups, those who mentioned having good or very good relationships with the elderly obtained more positive scores on the attitudes scales and also, it was observed that teachers and family members presented maintenance regarding the quality of the relationship established with children and adolescents up to the present time. Regarding the old age / aging approach in school, it was verified that although recognized as important, at the same time the theme is poorly focused or not focused, according to the teachers themselves and confirmed by the students' opinions. In addition, a positive correlation was observed between the teachers' attitudes regarding old age and the focus of the theme in the school. It discusses the importance of the quality of intergenerational relationships for positive attitudes towards old age and also about the importance of educational actions to combat age prejudice and attitudes towards old age. It is also pointed out the need to implement educational gerontology in Brazilian public schools and other environments and contexts with the possibility of expanding intergenerational contact and improving the attitudes and knowledge of people regarding old age.
Análise de competências espontâneas producente e pouco producente de aprendizes de língua inglesa
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-06-29) Santos, Ana Cecília Fernandez dos; Barbirato, Rita de Cassia; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6962819573963727; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5457911781248408
In the past few years, many undergraduate and graduate students from a federal university in the interior of São Paulo state said they used different procedures to study English outside the classroom. In 2015, we proposed students of the 1st year of the Letters Portuguese/English course to write how they had learned English. All the answers showed that they had studied through television series, music, movies, games and the internet. Regarding this, students’ learning strategies (PAIVA, 2005), competences (ALMEIDA FILHO, 2016) and beliefs (BARCELOS, 2004) were investigated. However, we believe that these elements are related to the Spontaneous Competence (ALMEIDA FILHO, 2014). Considering this, we intend to comprehend the characteristics of the productive Spontaneous Competence. This qualitative and exploratory research (SILVEIRA e CÓRDOVA, 2009; SELIGER e SHOHAMY, 1989) was developed with Library and Information Science undergraduate students from a federal university in the state of São Paulo. They answered a questionnaire; they wrote a narrative; they had been observed in their English for Specific Purposes class; and their activities were analyzed. The data showed that different levels/types of motivation, affectivity, informal knowledge, learning strategies, attitudes, actions and other elements contributed to characterize this kind of competence.
Números complexos e transformações geométricas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-06-29) Paschoalino, Patrick Thiago; Bertoncello, Luciene Nogueira; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8028970771846775
The objective of this work was the development of a didactic sequence for the presentation of the set of complex numbers for the students of the third year of High School. The activities carried out prioritized the geometric approach, aiming at the application of operations in geometric transformations of figures (rotation, translation and homotetia), which represents one of the learning situations in the Student Book. These activities were carried out with the intention of minimizing the resistance and disinterest presented, in most cases, by students in relation to the content "Complex Numbers". Preliminary studies were carried out on the history and theory behind the didactic sequence.
Atuação docente na sala de recursos multifuncionais da rede municipal de Macapá/AP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-06-29) Alves, Helen Cristiane Viana; Campos, Juliane Aparecida de Paula Perez; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3169299095370522; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5368478450640736
The Specialized Educational Assistance is a right established in the Federal Constitution to all students with disabilities, being offered in the Multifunctional Resource Rooms that provide access to services and pedagogical resources and accessibility in schools of the regular network of education. To do so, it is necessary for the schools to provide adequate space for their installation, as well as a specialized teacher for ESA. The present study had as general objective to characterize the teaching performance in multifunctional resource rooms (SRM) of schools of the municipal teaching network of Macapá. Specific objectives were: a) to identify the public that receives specialized educational services in SRMs; b) know the operating conditions and referrals of students to SRMs; c) identify how the teacher organizes his / her teaching work, and d) verify what the teachers think about the school inclusion and implications in the teaching performance. It consisted of a research of qualitative character with exploratory-descriptive character and was realized in Schools of the municipal public network of education in Macapá; having as participants, six (6) teachers who worked in the Specialized Educational Assistance. The schools where the teachers interviewed worked were located in different areas of the city of Macapá, distributed between the North, South, East and West zones, totaling two (2) schools in the South zone, two (2) in the North zone, one ) in the West zone and one (1) in the East zone. The data collection was done through the application of an interview to the teachers who were selected through a lottery. The analyzed data were organized in thematic axes based on the information obtained in the interviews. The results revealed that ESA teachers have a positive conception about inclusion. It was found that a part of multifunctional resource rooms does not have all the necessary resources to attend students, and when they have resources such as games, equipment and computers, they do not work. Students are referred to the specialized educational service by the school secretary and in some situations, the Municipal Education Department, through the Special Education Division, conducts this referral. Participants indicated that the planning of student attendance is done, mostly in partnership with teachers in the regular classroom. As a result, it was also observed that teachers attend a very diversified clientele, which requires adequate training that addresses the demands demanded by the process of school inclusion and that foster student learning, which requires a proposal from the public sector training for these professionals. The data showed the importance of the support of families, the bodies responsible for special education and the school as a whole. It is hoped that this research can contribute with the scientific knowledge and that encourages future works that come to discuss about the Special Education in the municipality of Macapá
Avaliação das propriedades antitumorais de complexos de rutênio(II) contendo os ligantes lapachol ou lausona
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-06-29) Oliveira, Katia Mara de; Batista, Alzir Azevedo; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6469642481998660; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8218994148704667
Metal complexes containing ligands that present biological activity have been attracting interest in the field of development of new drugs for the treatment of cancer. Lapachol and lawsone are examples of important natural products that exhibit antitumor properties. Thus, in the present work, new ruthenium(II) complexes containing lapachol or lawsone, phosphinic and bipyridine ligands, were synthesized and characterized, in order to obtain potential antitumor agents. Complexes were obtained with the following structural formulas: [Ru(L)(P-P)(bipy)]PF6 and [Ru(L)(P-P)2]PF6, where L = lapachol or lawsone, P-P = dppf = 1,1’-bis(diphenylphosphine)ferrocene, dppe = 1,2’-bis(diphenylphine)ethane, dppm = bis(diphenylphosphine)methane and bipy = 2,2’-bipyridine. The complexes were characterized by the techniques: elemental analysis, conductimetry, absorption spectroscopy in the infrared and in the visible ultraviolet region, cyclic and differential pulse voltammetry, 31P{1H}, 1H and 13C nuclear magnetic resonance, and X-ray diffraction of monocrystal (for the cases in which it was possible to obtain crystals). DNA interaction studies using spectroscopic titration, circular dichroism, agarose gel electrophoresis and fluorescence techniques showed that the complexes interact with the DNA by minor grooves. Analysis of the ability to interact with BSA by fluorescence measurements, allowed to conclude that the complexes exhibit a moderate interaction with the protein, with binding constants in the order of 104 - 105 M. In addition, the interactions occurred spontaneously, as evidenced by the negative values of ΔG°, involving hydrophobic and electrostatic forces. The cytotoxic activity of the complexes was investigated using the tumor cell lines of breast (MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7), lung (A549), prostate (DU-145) and non-tumor breast (MCF-10A) and fibroblast of gingiva (FGH). All complexes were active against the evaluated cell lines, presenting IC50 values lower than those obtained for the precursor complexes, free ligands and cisplatin. The complexes [Ru(lap)(dppe)(bipy)]PF6 and [Ru(lap)(dppm)2]PF6 showed to be more selective against breast tumor cells, MDA-MB-231, when compared to results obtained for non-tumor cells, MCF-10A. Therefore, these complexes were selected for the investigation of the possible mechanism of action against the MDA-MB-231 cells. Studies showed that these complexes caused greater changes in the morphology of MDA-MB-231 than in MCF-10A cells. In addition, the complexes showed to be able to act in the colonies formation process, reducing the number and size of the colonies. Cell migration assays have shown that the complexes act inhibiting the cell migration process. Another interesting property observed for the complexes was that they inhibit the formation of tubes in HUVEC cells, with or without FGF-2 growth factor, demonstrating that the complexes are antiangiogenic. Cell cycle analysis of MDA-MB-231 cells showed accumulation of cells in Sub-G1 phase, with a decrease in S phase. Cell accumulation assays showed that the complexes exhibit a greater accumulation in MDA-MB-231 than in non-tumor cells, MCF-10A. The complexes induced cell death by apoptosis, caused depolarization of the membrane potential of mitochondria, and induced ROS formation. In addition, was observed the activation of protective cell signaling through Hsp27, Bad, caspase 3, SAPK/JNK and Smad pathways. Given these results, the oxidative stress is a possible mechanism of cell death for the proposed complexes. The obtained results indicate that ruthenium complexes containing lapachol or lawsone present promising properties for the development of new chemotherapeutics for the treatment of cancer.