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Cidade maravilha, purgatório da beleza e do caos: pureza, desejo e perigo na representação de favelas cariocas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-11-19) Postigo, Evelyn Louyse Godoy; Feltran, Gabriel de Santis; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6789864439048444; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3474384732649488
The understanding of Rio de Janeiro's favelas as a problem is not recent. The representations of poverty territories and violent territories have guided the type of interaction that is established with these territories and their populations. However, more recently, tourism in favelas, which was only punctual and with little relevance, is consolidated as a practice, bringing with it other representations and relationships. Based on Urban Sociology epistemology, this research aimed to identify and analyze Rio de Janeiro's favelas as a representation of a microssocial dimension to understand more structural aspects that influence the relationship established with these territories and the place they occupy in the city. For this purpose, the multisituated ethnography was developed, which included field research in some pacified favelas in Rio de Janeiro and analysis of websites regarding agencies that work with tourism in favelas. The time frame of this research lies in the duration of the largest scale program in Rio de Janeiro's favelas contemporaneously: the Pacifying Police Units - PPU. This Public Safety program was elaborated in the face of the state's confirmation of the need for urban restructuring, especially to contain urban violence - even though recent events point to its permanent suspension. In this context, some pacified favelas consolidate themselves as tourist points of the city without, however, breaking the popular imaginary that they are territories of poverty and the main source of the urban violence in Rio de Janeiro's capital. The sustained hypothesis is that, nowadays, the favela representation crosses elements starting from the understanding that they are territories of poverty and crime, tourist point and war zone, resulting in the polarized perspectives of being a population at risk and of risk and triggering, at the same time, the feelings of repulsion and desire. Given this scenario, this thesis presents the portrait of a moment in which representations around purity, desire, danger and, in the limit, war coexist and, contextually, cross spaces and bodies of those who live there.
A interdisciplinaridade como tecnologia de ação comunicativa: uma análise hermenêutico-dialética
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-11-19) Silva, Marco Donizete Paulino da; Gracioso, Luciana de Souza; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4898201916360294; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1474293377346927
We start from the perception that there is a crisis at the scientific level - by the resistance to remodeling the paradigm of Modern Science in the face of complex contemporary reality - and at the socio-environmental level - by maintaining a state of production and consumption that is incongruent with the limitations of resources of the planet. From this understanding, it was argued that a solution perspective would be to find efficient communication possibilities between a General Epistemology - resulting from socio-cultural interaction at individual, national and global level - and a Regional Epistemology - resulting from the interaction of forces between Social Agents belonging to Systemic Social Spaces. In the perspective of this work, a possibility would be established through Interdisciplinarity as a technology of mediation between such epistemes. In this context, our objective was to understand the space of epistemological construction of science in a contemporary global context and the relation of Interdisciplinarity to this process, identifying characteristics of the concept in the midst of its uses as technology, efficient component of the process of communicational action between theoretical enunciative systems (World of Systems) and the general context of enunciation (World of Life). The concepts used as a basis for evaluation of these interactions were the concepts of Communicative Action, Public Sphere, Rationality, and Pretension of Validity - developed by Jurgen Habermas, as well as definitions about the concept of Interdisciplinarity. The research was divided in two stages: Stage 1, establishment of the state of the art of the concept of Interdisciplinarity and its relations with the concept of Epistemology, and exploration of these relations in historical, sociological and philosophical level through concepts belonging to Science, Technology and Society; and, Stage 2, study of theoretical scientific systems expressed in statements recorded in theoretical-reflexive texts subdivided into documentary corpora characterized in this stage as: Corpus 1) texts produced in the period of 1972, belonging to a report of a Congress on Interdisciplinarity (carried out in 1970); Corpus 2) texts produced from 1976-2011 by theorists who approached the conceptual meaning of the terms Interdisciplinarity and Interdisplinary. The methods by which the documentary materials were approached were: in Step 1, Literature Review; and, Step 2, Hermeneutic-Dialectic Analysis Method, having as auxiliary instrument the PMEST, an instrument of categorization of assemblages developed by the Indian Shiyali Ramamrita Ranganathan. From the obtained results one could point out: identification of the mismatch between a current epistemological reality and the notion of employment of modern science; identification of Interdisciplinarity as an effective Communicative Action technology; identification of argumentative appropriation of statements about the concept of Interdisciplinarity and Interdisciplinary in the order of instrumental and normative communicative actions; and, innovation of the Hermeneutic-dialectical method of analysis through the addition of the PMEST instrument.
A bayesian nonparametric approach for the two-sample problem
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-11-19) Console, Rafael de Carvalho Ceregatti de; Salasar, Luis Ernesto Bueno; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5464564215528609; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5405464055196044
In this work, we discuss the so-called two-sample problem (PEARSON; NEYMAN, 1930) assuming a nonparametric Bayesian approach. Considering X 1 ,...,X n and Y 1 ,...,Y m two inde- pendent i.i.d samples generated from P 1 and P 2 , respectively, the two-sample problem consists in deciding if P 1 and P 2 are equal. Assuming a nonparametric prior, we propose an evidence index for the null hypothesis H 0 : P 1 = P 2 based on the posterior distribution of the distance d(P 1 ,P 2 ) between P 1 and P 2 . This evidence index has easy computation, intuitive interpretation and can also be justified in the Bayesian decision-theoretic context. Further, in a Monte Carlo simulation study, our method presented good performance when compared to the well known Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, the Wilcoxon test as well as a recent testing procedure based on Polya tree process proposed by Holmes (HOLMES et al., 2015). Finally, we applied our method to a data set about scale measurements of three different groups of patients submitted to a questionnaire for Alzheimer’s disease diagnostic.
Propriedades mecânicas e correlação dos parâmetros de FSW e DS-FSW em alta velocidade na liga AA2050-T84, para a indústria aeronáutica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-11-19) Ferreira, Felipe Santini; Plaine, Athos Henrique; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8992899102845408; Alcântara, Nelson Guedes de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3123107570992184; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6583588529203350
Friction Stir Welding (FSW) and DS-FSW (double pass FSW) processes were employed in the aluminum AA 2050 T-84 plate joints aiming to make possible to increase the welding speed above 5 mm / s, to obtain welds with optimized properties in relation to the base metal and to study the effects of the final microstructure. Microstructures of the welded joints were analyzed by optical microscopy and EBSD technique, to verify microstructure evolution and to find process defects formations. Mechanical properties were evaluated by microhardness and tensile tests, the results were used to find the conditions within the optimized welding parameters window. Fracture surfaces were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy. Thermal analyzes were measured by thermocouples to correlate the temperature peaks with the microstructural transformations. Fatigue tests were performed to verify the applicability in aeronautical structures. Finally, were performed welding by FSW with water cooling (WC-FSW) to reduce thermal cycle effects. The results obtained in this work showed satisfactory performance for FSW and DS-FSW, at high welding speeds were found to be suitable for the production of similar joints of the AA 2050-T84 alloy, with applications for the aeronautical industry. No significant difference was observed between the mechanical performance of FSW, DS-FSW and WC-FSW. The optimized condition for FSW (condition 3: 0,84 mm / s, 500 rpm, 7 mm/s) and DS-FSW (condition 2: 0,90 mm / rev, 400 rpm, 6 mm/s) resulted, respectively, yield limit, tensile strength limit and elongation of 62%, 77% and 44% and 67%, 77% and 38%, relative to that of the base material.