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Avaliação do controle autonômico cardíaco e os efeitos de intervenções com e sem realidade virtual no desempenho motor em crianças com Transtorno do Desenvolvimento da Coordenação
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-12-11) Cavalcante Neto, Jorge Lopes; Tudella, Eloisa; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3207258034860219; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4175589263683027
Developmental coordination disorder (DCD) is a chronic condition characterized by significant motor impairment that interferes with functionality when performing academic, leisure and daily activities. Children with DCD have reduced motor skills and lower levels of social participation compared to their peers with typical development. Several restrictions regarding participation in group activities are documented since these children present with lower motivation in front of their more skilled peers. Due the restrictions in these different settings, children with DCD commonly present secondary consequences associated with their poor motor performance, such as cardiovascular dysfunction. Given the importance of motivational and effective interventions for children with DCD, previous studies have tested the effects of virtual reality (VR) training in order to improve their motor conditions. However, evidence with regard to the effects of VR training versus non-VR training, such as task-oriented training modalities, are still unclear. In addition, with respect to consequences regarding cardiovascular health, in particular cardiac autonomic control, studies to characterize this profile in children with DCD have not been conducted. Thus, this thesis consisted of four studies to shed light on unknown aspects regarding virtual reality training for children with DCD as well as their cardiovascular profiles with a focus on cardiac autonomic control. Study I, entitled ‘Linear and nonlinear analyses of the cardiac autonomic control in children with developmental coordination disorder: a case-control study’, aimed to assess cardiac autonomic control by linear and nonlinear analysis at supine and during orthostatic stimulus in DCD, at risk for DCD (r-DCD) and typically developed children. The results indicated blunted cardiac autonomic adjustment to the orthostatic stimulus and lower parasympathetic modulation in the supine position in children with DCD when compared with r-DCD and typically developed children. Study II, entitled ‘Is virtual reality effective in improving the motor performance of children with developmental coordination disorder? A systematic review’, aimed to synthesize evidence on the effectiveness of VR interventions for motor performance improvement in children with DCD. The results did not show enough evidence to support or refute the use of VR in order to improve motor performance in children with DCD. Study III, entitled ‘Motor intervention with and without Nintendo® Wii for children with developmental coordination disorder: protocol for a randomized clinical trial’, aimed to present a protocol to systematically compare the effects of two motor training programs (one Wii-based and the other non-Wii motor activities) on motor learning in children with DCD. The new protocol will help researchers and therapists to better understand the benefits of Wii-based motor intervention over those obtained with non-Wii interventions in children with DCD. In addition, the results from this intervention protocol will also create more systematized methods for replication in clinical practice. Finally, Study IV, entitled ‘Is Wii-based motor training better than matched task-specific training for children with developmental coordination disorder? A randomized controlled trial’, aimed to compare the relative efficacy of Wii-training versus non-Wii, task-specific training (TST) on movement skills by closely matching the type of motor activities selected for intervention. The results demonstrated similar benefits from both interventions, since all children with DCD who participated in Wii and TST groups improved significantly regarding their Movement Assessment Battery for Children – Second edition (MABC-2) total standard score. In addition, considering the MABC-2 components scores, Wii-based training had a more pronounced effect on manual dexterity while TST did for balance skills.
Cartografia das normas de gênero: pincelando representações
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-12-11) Figueiredo, Bianca Araci de; Fernandes, Hylio Laganá; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1315602045624096; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3882591223281880
Based on the biological differences observed in the bodies, Western society constructs definitions, normalizes relationships and assigns distinct social functions to women and men, in order to regulate behaviors and hierarchize relationships, composing a scenario of production and maintenance of inequalities due to gender. According to the bias of the everyday experiences of understanding each other as women and men, crossed by identifications and differences, this dissertation sought to map gender norms with high school students from two distinct school contexts, one from the periphery and another center, of schools located in the city of Sorocaba / SP. The research was constructed from the immersion in the school universe during a school year in each context. The constancy of the research led to the approximation of researcher-student relations, in order to transpose into a living description of the systems of cultural meanings of each school. Data were obtained from participant observation, especially in biology and physical education classes, in the three years of high school. In this process, the field diary proved to be an important instrument, being used to record what, as the researcher's view, weighed as the main daily events. A practical activity was carried out with eight focal groups, whose proposal consisted in the separation of images of culturally related items to women or men in three previously established categories: "What is for women?", "What is for men?" And " what is it of women and men? " Through this activity, we sought to identify the representations of gender norms stipulated and socially valued - or rejected - within each group and school. After the separation of the images, discussions were held, in which the students could position themselves as the result of the classification. Finally, there was the use of an individual structured questionnaire regarding family education, impressions of the school environment and personal pretensions with the end of high school and professional careers. Representations of women in both contexts presented similarities and differences, possibly as a result of accommodation and resistance. Girls from the periphery school avoid assigning activities, objects and instruments unique to women or men. They place a strong emphasis on the pluralities and multiplicities of gender identities, including understanding the network of social meanings and power relations involving women and men through gender norms. However, they seem to have difficulty visualizing women as intellectually equitable to men, attributing to them disciplines of accuracy and sports of strategy and logic, such as chess; while girls at the center school are somewhat conservative about gender norms, attributing aesthetic items such as hair dryers and creams, exclusive to 'women', so that rules seem to overlap with daily experiences that subvert them. These middle school girls are physically limited to the development of certain activities, but intellectually equitable in relation to men, categorizing items such as school subjects and chess as "women and men", thus not making distinctions in this regard. The boys from both schools presented more similarities than divergences in the response, which indicates the learning of a hegemonic gender norm, which crosses the various socio-cultural spaces. Finally, this study suggests that school is an important space for manifestation of reactions contrary to gender norms and that feminism has brought new perspectives and possibilities; however, cultural, economic and social factors can act as maintainers of traditional gender norms.
Síntese de adsorventes magnéticos utilizando casca de soja e sua aplicação na adsorção de ácido cafeico
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-12-11) Costa, Larissa Fernandes; Ruotolo, Luís Augusto Martins; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6167735734348703; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5898109451336835
Wastewater management has gained increasingly space on the world stage, with significant advances in both the environmental and financial spheres. Phenolic compounds are present in wastewater of various processes, such as in petrochemical plants, paper, wood, metallurgy, agroindustrial processes, coffee industry, olive mills and others. Among the phenolic compounds present in industrial waste, caffeic acid has an important space, due to its positive biological effects, such as the inhibition of carcinogenesis, antioxidant, antiviral, anti-inflammatory and antirheumatic properties. Despite the many studies on the oxidation of caffeic acid, little has been done about its recovery by adsorption. In the adsorption process, biomass residues can be used as precursors in the synthesis of adsorbents, being a source of low cost for adsorption processes. However, although these materials are inexpensive and available in large quantities, difficulties can be encountered in the separation at the end of the adsorption process. In this way, the objective of this project was to develop magnetic adsorbents with different concentrations of Fe, for adsorption and desorption in batch of caffeic acid for recovery. The magnetic characteristic of the material being studied is a key factor for separating the adsorbent from the liquid phase when it becomes saturated. In the synthesis of the adsorbents, an iron-containing polymer was first obtained by the modified Pechini method. This polymer was mixed with the soybean hull and this mixture was charred and activated in a pyrolysis reactor with CO2 flow under different temperatures. For the characterization of the material, specific surface area, Zeta potential, X-ray diffractometry (XRD), Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), magnetization analysis using vibration sample magnetometry (VSM) and thermogravimetric (TG) analysis were performed. In the batch adsorption study, the effect of the pH on the adsorption and its relation with zeta potential of the adsorbent were evaluated. The pseudo-first and pseudo-second order models were fitted to the adsorption kinetic data. The equilibrium isotherms were analyzed at different temperatures to verify their influence on the adsorption process, and to determine the thermodynamic process quantities and isosteric heat values. In the desorption study, solutions with different concentrations of NaOH, methanol, ethanol and water at 80 ºC were used. The magnetic adsorbents synthesized and activated at 800 ºC presented high adsorptive capacities, and coal containing 1.3% Iron (418 mg g -1) showed the best result, followed by coal containing 12% Fe (316 mg g- 1). In addition to favoring adsorption, the presence of iron led to the formation of an adsorbent with properties magnetic fields. The coal containing 1.3% Fe also showed a faster adsorption kinetics with better magnetic properties. With regard to desorption, it was possible to desorb about 55% caffeic acid using methanol. The adsorption of phenolic compounds present in a real effluent presented a maximum capacity of 52 mg g-1.
Mikhail Bakhtin na linguagem cinematográfica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-12-11) Di Camargo Júnior, Ivo; Miotello, Valdemir; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9131819326282708; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8581328922233655
This thesis aims to bring together some of the various concepts of Mikhail Bakhtin's broad range of studies and to correlate them with film language. On the studies carried out in a broad and unorganized manner completely by Robert Stam, a North American researcher dedicated to both Bakhtin and cinema, both as aesthetics and as language, we developed the junction of theories in a dialogical work. In this thesis we bring together the most diverse forms of expression of Bakhtinian thought and try to exemplify them, to demonstrate them, to give them a more understandable form of understanding, using the cinematographic language as another in this intellectual theoretical dialogue. Knowing that cinema and its language were never the intellectual goal of Bakhtin, we approach his theory in a dialogical way, in the pursuit of cinema as alterity. It was observed the polyphony present in the cinematographic works and of Mikhail Bakhtin, among other possible dialogues. A study was developed which sought to further enrich Bakhtinian studies in our country and which is presented as a thesis that addresses the dialogue, understanding and convergence between the forms of study, with a common objective, to demonstrate the feasibility and of Bakhtinian concepts in a living, multidisciplinary and dialogic art that is cinema.
Caracterização dos usuários da atenção básica que manifestam vontade pela esterilização cirúrgica no município de São Carlos, São Paulo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-12-11) Santos, Márcia Vieira Soares; Callegari, Fernanda Vieira Rodovalho; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6123189460389930; Carbol, Maristela; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9852217198710064; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0988396998244281
Counseling in reproductive planning should consider the context of each person's life and the right of everyone to make decisions about reproduction in a free and informed way. The objective was to characterize primary care users who expressed their desire for surgical sterilization in the first year of implantation of the Line of Care of the Reproductive Planning for Surgical Sterilization of the city of São Carlos, São Paulo. It is an individual observational cross-sectional study involving 114 users from May 1, 2015 to April 30, 2016. The proportion of women (49.12%) and men (50.88%) was similar. The mean age of women was 32.9 years and that of men 34.8 years. Per capita income of up to half a minimum wage was associated with 4.7 times the preference for tubal ligation. The majority had between two to four live children (85.96%) and two to four children with current partner (a) (76.32%). The model of health care of origin of the users was indifferent. Around 50% of users were using an effective reversible contraceptive method. Most finished the process of reproductive planning in less than a year (60.53%), and three changed their opinion about the desired method. One switched from tubal ligation to vasectomy after completion of the procedure and two gave up tubal ligation preferring reversible contraceptive methods, one of which was after psychological evaluation and the other after social assessment. It is concluded that the age and number of live children met the legal criteria, that per capita family income up to half a minimum wage was associated with the preference for tubal ligation and that the rate of change of the type of surgical sterilization during the process of reproductive planning was low.
Avaliação histológica na osteoartrite de joelho de ratos: validação e reprodutibilidade de uma nova classificação
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-12-11) Trevisan, Mariane Santos; Vasilceac, Fernando Augusto; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1220838672192063; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7001437637748407
The objective of this study was to develop, validate and make reproducible a new histological evaluation of the knee joint complex of rats. To acquire the sample (experimental procedure), 20 rats were divided into 5 groups: Control, Osteoarthritis 3 months, Osteoarthritis 6 months, Osteoarthritis 9 months and Osteoarthritis 12 months. The animal model of osteoarthritis was the transection of the anterior cruciate ligament of the knee. After the period of exposure to the disease of each group, the knee joints of all animals were collected and processed for the preparation of histological slides, which were stained with Harris Hematoxylin and Safranin Fast Green, and selected those that best represented OA . The generation of the items of the new evaluation, which addressed the entire articular complex at different OA times, was developed following the guiding principles for the development of a classification system (Pritzker et al., 2006), which includes not only standardization of the evaluation system itself, but also, the conditions that the histopathology is evaluated. From the preparation of the new evaluation, a training of the evaluators and the evaluation of the photomicrographs according to the New Histological Assessment was carried out and after two months the Mankin (1971) evaluation. Subsequently, the statistical analyzes, reliability through the Intra-Class Correlation Coefficient and the correlation of both evaluations were done. The new evaluation presented excellent inter- and intra-observer reliability with an Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC) of 0.992 and 0.994, respectively, among all evaluators. The interobserver reliability was comparable for experienced and inexperienced observers and both obtained a CCI of 0.993. Significant correlations were found between the new histological evaluation and Mankin's, with a mean correlation coefficient (CC) of 0.95. Therefore, the new histological evaluation of the joint complex is a valid and reliable tool to evaluate the degeneration of the joint complex at different time of osteoarthritis and is suitable for inexperienced and experienced researchers.
Enfermeiro de unidade de terapia intensiva neonatal: motivação para a formação profissional
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-12-11) Oliveira, Ana Izaura Basso de; Wernet, Monika; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6056127658896265; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1273057181956030
Prematurity is linked to infant mortality, especially in its neonatal component. Brazil has been showing an increase in its incidence, especially in relation to the births of extreme preterm infants (children born with gestational age between 24 and 30 weeks). Thus, care as an interrelation brings simultaneous benefits to the critical newborn, family, and health professionals, fostering it through the involvement of all agents of this care. Given this scenario and over time, the training process experienced by health professionals, brought scientific and technological progress, improved living conditions and prevention of health problems, becoming essential to the development of good care practices, covering not only reduction of mortality, but rather, ensuring transformations to the caring process. The present study is descriptive-exploratory in nature, with a qualitative analytical approach. Its objective was to discuss the motivation of nurses working in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit to continue professional training and to learn the experiences of this process. The present study is descriptive-exploratory in nature, with a qualitative analytical approach. Its objective was to discuss the motivation of nurses working in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit to continue professional training and to learn the experiences of this process. The Theory of Self-determination and as a Methodological Reference to Narrative Analysis according to Lieblich, Tuval-Mashiach, and Zilber were listed as Theoretical Referential. Sixteen nurses working in cities belonging to the Health Region of the State of São Paulo participated in the study: III - Araraquara; VI - Bauru; VII - Campinas; X - Piracicaba; XIII - Ribeirão Preto; XIV - São João da Boa Vista; XV - São José do Rio Preto. The analysis of the empirical data allowed to identify that the motivation for formation is, at the beginning of the trajectory of the nurse working in NICU, based on the person of the nurse, his / her understanding about the good care. Throughout the time of practice at the NICU, he reviews his concept of care and the place of training, both his and the team. In these times, an influential determinant of motivation is the attitude of the institution, especially in the person of the supervisor. The reception received in terms of restlessness and formative yearnings for you and the team is fundamental for the propulsion or recollection of this motivation, signaled as a cardinal sign of professional life. The subjects' Insertion in the NICU ',' Specialization as initial continuing training ',' Nursing of NICU and the quality of care 'and' Continuing education and institutional support 'portray the nurses' movement in relation to training for NICU work. The analysis of the participants' narratives reveals how much the motivation for formation is, at the beginning of the trajectory, broad and connected to the objective of reaching competencies to act in the specialty and to provide a good care, based on the understanding they have about it. It is an understanding that values the intensivist clinic and the development of procedural skills for this clinic. In the formative walk, as they expand and feel more comforted in terms of clinical knowledge and common and common procedures to the context of the NICU, they reflect on the role and competencies required by nurses, when humanization and its challenges are highlighted. The search for specific training in neonatology intends to bring to the working environment new knowledge and new professional postures, in this perspective the nurse sees, as already pointed out above, a principal actor to foment issues that involve the qualification of care. However, it is evident that the deficiencies in individual and collective motivational investment, managerial improvement and conduct centered on integral care are strong indications of the urgent need to review institutionalized processes maintained in hospitals.