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Trabalho e cultura para jovens artistas: mainstream ou resistência?
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-02-19) Almeida Prado, Ana Carolina da Silva; Silva, Carla Regina; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6417501858864106; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6499983930162012
La presente investigación se centró en la temática de las relaciones de trabajo establecidas entre jóvenes adultos, con franja de edad entre 25 y 29 años, en el campo artístico cultural. Partió de la discusión acerca de las formas precarizadas de trabajo en la sociedad contemporánea por medio del modo social de producción capitalista y racionalidad neoliberal, específicamente en el campo artístico cultural; de la constitución y ejecución de las políticas públicas culturales brasileñas; y de la juventud brasileña, como importante categoría social. Considerando la importancia de las reflexiones sobre esta temática y de ir al encuentro de la construcción de conocimiento de forma crítico, se llegó la cuestión de investigación: ¿cómo se dan las relaciones de trabajo en el campo artístico cultural para jóvenes adultos trabajadores? El objetivo de la investigación fue comprender las posibilidades y los desafíos de los procesos de profesionalización y generación de ingresos de jóvenes adultos en actividades artísticas culturales y en qué medida sus actividades humanas son moldeadas e influenciadas por el modo social de producción capitalista neoliberal. La metodología es de carácter cualitativo y se delinea en una perspectiva de análisis de discurso narrativo. Para ello, adoptó criterios de selección e inclusión para investigación, realizó llamamiento para la participación a través de los cuestionarios, por las redes sociales y posteriormente se realizó las entrevistas; para tanto, se definió y se construyó instrumentos específicos para la recolección y sistematización de los datos: elaboración de formulario online y guión para entrevistas narrativas. Así como, realizó la tabulación de los datos; transcripción de las entrevistas; elaboración de temáticas; análisis y discusión teórica de acuerdo con la perspectiva crítica en composición con la Terapia Ocupacional. Como resultados, se apunta el papel de las actividades relacionadas al trabajo en la cultura en la constitución de sus identidades y de sus cotidianos. Se abordan las representaciones, los sentidos y las expectativas del trabajo en la cultura en la interpretación de los participantes de forma situada. El trabajo precarizado en que están sometidos aparece como factor limitante para el mantenimiento de sus necesidades fundamentales, impactando de forma significativa sus actividades humanas. Las estrategias utilizadas permean la creación de redes de apoyo, formación profesional, asociaciones y ecuación de los gastos financieros cotidianos ligados a la alimentación, vivienda y movilidad urbana. Sin embargo, las limitaciones encontradas también se presentan como catalizadoras para la realización de sus trabajos, resultando en un movimiento expresivo de resistencia a la lógica capitalista neoliberal. Se espera que esta investigación pueda contribuir a la comprensión acerca del cotidiano y los modos de vida de jóvenes trabajadores/as artistas y sobre todo, de los procesos de exclusión y desigualdades perpetrados en nuestra sociedad. De la misma forma, que contribuya a la construcción del conocimiento en Terapia Ocupacional en el campo de la cultura y en el debate en relación al trabajo.
Alinhamento entre estratégia de produção e estratégia tecnológica: estudos de caso em empresas fornecedoras do setor automotivo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-02-19) Sciuto, Joseleine Maria; Torkomian, Ana Lúcia Vitale; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2321084184622795; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1054333246006610
The Production Strategy literature proposes that the production function should be considered as a strategic asset and as a competitive weapon. When companies do not recognize the relationship between the Production Strategy and the Competitive Strategy, they can be tied to uncompetitive production systems. Similarly, the strategic management theme came to recognize technology as an important element for the business and for the Competitive Strategy. Technology has come to be seen as one of the main capacities of the company and the new knowledge to be recognized as the basis for organizational renewal and to sustain competitive advantage. This thesis identifies the Production Strategy and Technological Strategy of automotive suppliers, and discusses the alignment between these functional strategies adopted by companies. The research presents a qualitative approach, with the application of multiple case studies, semi-structured interviews for data collection and triangulation of data for case analysis. The study demonstrates the vertical alignment between the Production Strategy and the competitive priorities and decision areas; the vertical alignment between the Technology Strategy and the technological capacities; and the horizontal alignment between the Production Strategy and the Technological Strategy, in companies A, B and C. As a contribution of this study, it highlighted the strategic alignment analysis model proposed and the understanding of how the diffusion of technological capacities (fostered by competitive priorities) impacts the decision areas in Companies, contributing to the achievement of competitive advantage through the production function.
Desperdício de alimentos em restaurantes: uma análise em uma instituição universitária
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-02-19) Deliberador, Lucas Rodrigues; Batalha, Mario Otávio; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1015001063418091; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4531645163227449
About one-third of world food production is lost or wasted annually at different stages of agri-food production chains (APC). Food losses generally occur in the early stages of an APC, while waste is understood as the discarding of food that occurs in the final stages of APCs. Food losses and waste have important economic, environmental and social impacts worldwide. Thus, studying their causes, as well as strategies that minimize them, is among the central concerns of those who work with food at all levels and forms. Food in school settings, including restaurants in higher education institutions, is among the sectors that deserve special mention, as a result of generating significant quantities of food wasted by consumers. In this context, this research aimed to verify what causes that most influence the consumers of a university restaurant to waste food and what measures that could be taken to reduce this waste. The research used in its development a unique study realized in the university dining hall of a federal university. The aim was to analyze, through a structured questionnaire, the perceptions of consumers about different variables influencing food waste. The results were statistically correlated with the leftovers on the plates or trays of each consumer. An average waste of 68g/consumer was verified, which is considered high and superior to what is acceptable in the literature. This information was used to propose policies and actions that will seek to minimize the wastes found.
Formação continuada de professores: tecnologia assistiva para a escola inclusiva de alunos com deficiência visual
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-02-19) Turci, Paulo Cesar; Costa, Maria da Piedade Resende da; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2791098416503955; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7104587904550625
Abstract: Since 2007, the Ministry of Education and Culture (MEC) has started to distribute notebooks equipped with assistive technology devices (TA), mainly Dosvox, which allows students with visual impairments (DV) to access the computer. However, this inclusive technology has not been incorporated into such students’s educational process as developed in the common classroom. Specialized literature justifies such absence with the claim that the regent teachers have not been prepared during their initial and continued training to work with students with DV and yet neither with notebooks equipped with Dosvox or with other AT devices. In view of the above, the present research has as general objective: to elaborate, apply and analyze a continuous training program aimed at training teachers to work with a computer equipped with assistive technology devices: Windows access facility or Dosvox system in the educational process of students with visual impairment, developed in the common classroom. And as specific objectives: a) Analyze the effects of a continuing training program on the educational process of participants about assistive technology devices: Windows access facility or Dosvox system. B) Analyze in which tasks of continuous training program aimed at educational process of students with visual impairment developed in the common classroom obtained the highest and lowest levels of acquisition of knowledge by the participants. For this purpose, a program evaluation study was carried out, with an AB type design, with four participants: an elementary school teacher, a high school teacher, a retired teacher and a Special Education undergraduate student. The program was composed of 18 tasks divided in six phases with 30 hours of duration with two-hour weekly classes and held in the Community Library (BCO) of the Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar) in São Carlos. The instruments used to collect data were: a) semi-structured interview with the purpose of characterizing the participants; b) a task protocol to assess the knowledge acquired by participants at two different times: 1) before the start of the program (pre-intervention) and 2) after the completion of the program (post intervention); and c) field diary to register the development of the program. Data analysis was quantitative and occurred as follows: the data obtained with the pre-intervention applied task protocol were compared with the data obtained with the post-intervention task protocol. Results indicated that the participants: Maria, Cristina and Silvia obtained an excellent level of knowledge acquisition during the execution of the program, while the participant John reached a level of regular acquisition. In addition, the female participants were able to use educational strategies structured by the accessibility produced by the above mentioned TA devices, disseminated during the training program, as well as to adapt them to develop new inclusive educational practices in coherence with the educational reality of the school where they used to teach.
O processo de institucionalização da educação a distância na Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar) no período de 2004 a 2018
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-02-19) Chaquime, Luciane Penteado; Mill, Daniel Ribeiro Silva; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1515286597269486; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6334000944566026
The institutionalization of distance education (DE), based on the Institutional Theory, can be understood as a process based on the dynamics of interaction between the university and the educational field. His analysis then includes, on the one hand, exogenous elements related to the pressures exerted by the field for the university to offer courses at a distance. On the other hand, it involves endogenous elements related to the continuous and gradual adaptations carried out by the university to systematically insert the DE into its internal structural arrangement in order to legitimize itself socially. In Brazil, DE settled in the educational field with Law 9.394/1996, being configured as a modality with the potential to democratize the access to Higher Education. The Universidade Aberta do Brasil System (UAB), instituted in 2006, consisted of the most relevant public policy in the induction of distance courses offered by public higher education institutions that, from the moment of adhesion, initiate the necessary structural and organizational changes and changes to meet the specificities concerning the management of DE systems. Therefore, the general objective of this thesis was to analyze the institutionalization of the DE at the Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar) and the specific ones were: to identify and describe the history of the institutionalization of DE in UFSCar, relating it to the educational field Brazilian; characterize the structure of academic-pedagogical and administrative management created to support the offer of courses in the distance modality, as well as the type of DE adopted by UFSCar; mapping and analyzing the factors that limit the institutionalization of DE in the university, identifying its nature; identify and analyze the most significant elements in favor of the institutionalization of DE in UFSCar and; to analyze the perspectives regarding the institutionalization of DE at UFSCar. In order to do so, a qualitative research was carried out, through the survey and study of bibliography, data collection through documental research techniques and semi-structured interviews, data analysis and dissemination of results. Among the main results, the following stand out: the beginning of the institutionalization of the DE in UFSCar is related to the adhesion to the UAB System for the offer of five undergraduate courses, which led to the creation of an DE unit that was incorporated into the structure of the university, as well as rules, procedures and regulations regarding the modality; the institutionalization of the modality in UFSCar represented the conciliation between its social function of democratizing access to higher education and its maintenance as an organization that aims to survive in the field in which it operates; the trends for the continuity of the institutionalization at UFSCar point to the encouragement of Blended Learning and also suggest a greater submission of the university to the market as the offer of specialization courses is increased, and partnerships are sought with the private sector as a way of maintaining the activities of the unit manager of DE in UFSCar.
Secagem em leito fixo de materiais granulares com diferentes esfericidades
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-02-19) Altino, Heitor Otacílio Nogueira; Ferreira, Maria do Carmo; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7070885875161111; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4386564501984948
The drying process of particulate biological materials in fixed bed is influenced by several factors associated with the particles and the bed packing. The main objective of this research was to evaluate the drying of particulate materials with different internal and external characteristics and to investigate how these characteristics influence the bed fluid dynamics, axial temperature profiles and thin layer drying kinetics. It is intended to revisit the analysis of grain drying with experimental data obtained in a standardized way and incorporating on-line acquisition techniques for temperature and humidity measurements. The selected materials were: soy, green lentil, barley, oats and spheres of alumina. The physicochemical properties of the particles as well as the bulk and fluid dynamics characteristics of the packed-beds were measured in different moisture contents of the solid phase. The thickness of the thin layer, as well as the heat transfer in the bed, was analyzed by evaluation of the axial temperature profiles along the bed. The drying kinetics of the materials was studied in a thin layer fixed bed under constant operating conditions. The results evidenced that the characteristics of the beds are strongly dependents of properties like size, shape and surface roughness of the particles, resulting in different bed packing characteristics, such as bulk density, porosity, permeability and tortuosity. The hydraulic radius and permeability of the biological materials presented the following decreasing order of magnitude: soy, lentil, barley and oats. On the other hand, the tortuosity exhibited an inverse order. The inertial resistance factor showed similar values among the materials, with the exception of lentils. The pressure drop was higher in the beds with lower permeability and higher inertial resistance factor. The axial temperature profiles revealed that packed materials with initial moisture of 0.24 g.g-1 d.b. had different heating rates, according to the descending order: soy, lentil, barley, oats and alumina. The effective diffusivities were estimated based on the fit of a diffusive model to the experimental data, assuming a condition of thermodynamic equilibrium at the exit of the bed. The model predicted with good accuracy the kinetic curves for all materials.
Buscando incansavelmente por melhores condições de saúde e vida para o filho com mielomeningocele
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-02-19) Bonelli, Maria Aparecida; Dupas, Giselle; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9461883918498554; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2766165900569194
This work aimed to know the experience of families in the care of children with myelomeningocele, seeking to investigate the repercussion of the disease in the family context and to identify the factors that integrate care to this child at home. It is a qualitative research, that adopted as theoretical reference the Symbolic Interacionismo and as methodological referential the Theory Grounded in the Data. Thirteen families participated in the study, with a total of 28 participants. For data collection, semi-structured interviews were carried out at the participants' homes and the data analysis was performed concomitantly with the collection, according to the steps recommended by the referential. It was possible to understand that the experience is constituted by two Phenomena: "Facing the malformation of the child" and "Overcoming expectations". The first one indicates the moments of difficulties experienced by the family with the discovery of the diagnosis; uncertainties and fear of caring; uncertain prognoses; incessant treatments; mobilization of family members to meet the child's health needs; the support received and the obstacles faced. The second depicts a rearrangement of the family beyond curative treatments; this search through various treatments, stimuli, devices and physical activity overcome the limitations of the child. They value the child's awareness of their difficulties, participating in and potentializing the treatments, as well as stimulating self-care, thriving future independence. Through these phenomena the Central Category and the Theoretical Model were identified: "Tirelessly looking for better health and life conditions for the child", which represents the experience of the family in the care of the child with myelomeningocele in the study population. Aiming at the autonomy of the child, the family mobilizes itself to the necessary treatments, learn the care, adaptation of the routine, as well as supply for all the needs of the child so that it reaches a potential development, prospecting a less dependent future with inclusion and social ascension. The results lead to the reflection on important areas of nursing action, such as rehabilitation nursing, which was highlighted in this study, since the family members' desire to be cared for; and family nursing, which also shows a potential support for this trajectory, due to its capacity to include the family in the care process.
Nutrição e disponibilidade de nitrogênio no consórcio de milho orgânico com diferentes densidades de fabáceas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-02-19) Bonfanti, Leila; Bigaton, Ademir Durrer; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1201801613118649; Fontanetti, Anastácia; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3598362104615834; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7351427931712008
The intercropping corn with green manures of the Fabaceae family has been studied as an alternative to supply nitrogen (N), via biological fixation (NBF). Increasing soil organic matter contents and nutrient cycling. However, the Fabaceae species and its density in the intercrop alters the competition patter and demanding studies to optimize the intercrop between Fabaceaes and corn. Therefore, this work aimed to evaluate N availability in the soil, growth, nutritional state and grains yield of corn intercropped with different densities of Crotalaria spectabilis Roth and Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp in organic system. The study was conducted on crop year of 2017/18, at UFSCar/Araras, SP. Experimental design was of randomized blocks with four repetitions. Treatments consisted of four corn intercrops with: MC5) C. spectabilis - 5 plants.m-1; MG5 C. cajan - 5 plants.m-1; MCG10) C. spectabilis and C. cajan - 10 plants.m-1, five of each species; MCG6) C. spectabilis and C. cajan - 6 plants.m-1, tree of each species, and a lateral control treatment, M) monocultural corn, cultivated distancing six meters from the fabaceas. It was evaluated corn leaf area index (IAF), dry matter (MS) and Falker chlorophyll index (ICF), at phenological stages V4, V8 and VT; leaf micronutrients contents at VT and yield at R6. For the fabaceas, dry mass (MSF) was accessed at corn stages of V4, V8, Vt and R6 and nutrient accumulation at R6. To nitrogen accessible was analyzed by NH4- and NO3- quantification of nifH gene in the soil, at corn phenological stages of V2, V4 and VT. It was observed reduction in grains yield of corn in increases of fabaceas density in intercrops (MCG10), as the pigeon-pea (MG5), because maximized competition interspecific. On the other hand, the intercrop with C. spectabilis (MC5) increased corn dry matter. For the nutritional state the intercrops with fabaceas (MCG6, MG5 and MC5) increases corn phosphorus and potassium leaf content and, increases in fabaceas density in intercrops (MCG10) maximized in nutritional competition, decreases corn phosphorus, potassium and sulfur contents. Not observed increases in corn nitrogen leaf content in presence fabaceas. It nitrogen access in the soil, simultaneous intercropping of C. spectabilis and C. cajan with corn (MCG6) reduces soil contents of ammonium and nitrate but increases corn ICF in comparation others intercrops, indicating nitrogen absorption in the soil by corn plants. Greater fabaceas dry matter amounts increases nifH gene quantity in the soil.
Analysis of crack propagation in the wedge splitting test via digital image correlation and finite element analyses
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-02-19) Maginador, Rafael Vargas; Rodrigues, José de Anchieta; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4000441989868775; Canto, Rodrigo Bresciani; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1316268411830615; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4485604063377342
Castable refractories are applied in dangerous environments in which it is unpractical to avoid crack initiation. Therefore, their microstructure is usually complex in order to hinder crack propagation by toughening mechanisms. One way to quantify such mechanisms is calculating the work of fracture via the so-called Wedge Splitting Test (WST), which allows for stable crack growth. However, this method is experimentally laborious and the usual result is only one parameter per test. The stability of the propagating crack leads to opportunities for additional analyses to better understand the fracture process. The present work focuses on extracting more information from one single WST. Parameters relevant to linear elastic fracture mechanics (i.e., crack tip positions during the propagation, stress intensity factors, and T-stress) and insight into the Fracture Process Zone (FPZ) described by various cohesive zone models were sought as well. Three different numerical methodologies are compared on the same experiment, namely integrated digital image correlation, and two finite element model updating methods. The first one uses analytical fields accounting for the presence of a crack in an elastic medium. The second and third ones consist in updating finite element models using cost functions on the displacement fields and on the experimental force, respectively. Slightly different crack tip positions were found by the three methods. Stress intensity factors and T-stresses were also calculated. Using cohesive elements, it was possible to further analyze the FPZ length, which was found not to be fully developed in the test studied herein. This result proves that the examined material has the ability of bridging rather long cracks.
Adaptação transcultural da Interprofessional Socialization and Valuing Scale (ISVS) para o contexto brasileiro no campo do ensino na saúde
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-02-19) Jacomini, Regiane Aparecida; Mininel, Vivian Aline; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4557060516800427; Silva, Jaqueline Alcântara Marcelino da; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8311079340428705; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4227729549713884
Introduction: The transcultural adaptation of assessment instruments is a metodological process, constituted of steps, which allows judging the applicability in a context different from which it was built for, ensuring the psychometric characteristics of the original instrument. The canadian instrument Interprofessional Socialization and Valuing Scale (ISVS), composed of 21 items in Likert scale, seeks to assess the interprofessional socialization process considering the dimensions of the collaborative care in the context of health practice and training, making possible the identification of the professionals’ and students’ perceptions about themselves and the others, their beliefs, values and attitudes that constitute essential aspects of socialization. Objective: To perform the transcultural adaptation of the canadian instrument Interprofessional Socialization and Valuing Scale (ISVS-21) to the Brazilian context in the health educational area. Method: It is a methodological study in which the method proposed by Borsa, Damásio and Bandeira (2012) was adopted to perform the translation and adaptation of instruments. The steps of the performed process comprised the translation of the original instrument by two independent translators who are proficient in English; analysis of translations comparing with the original version by the judges committee, composed by eight health professionals who accepted to contribute with the research; synthesis of the analyses by the researchers; back translation by two translators who are native English speakers; submission to the original instrument’s author and pretest, performed with students of seven health majors of a federal public university in the countryside of São Paulo state. Results: After the first step of the process, the instrument translation, both versions were sent to the judges committee to evaluation of semantic, idiomatic, conceptual and cultural equivalences through an electronic form. Later, a thorough synthesis of the judges’ analyses was done by the researchers, obtaining the consensus Portuguese version 1 (CPV1) in which 14 items did not reach the 75% agreement rate. A new round of analysis was performed by the judges committee in order to discuss the found divergences, reaching a 100% consensus. Thus, a consensus Portuguese version 2 (CPV2) was developed, which was used in the pretest step, being applied to 67 health area students. The same versions were sent to back translation, resulting in two versions (R1 and R2) which were submitted to the original instrument’s author who, after analyzing them, considered R2 the most appropriate and provided suggestions for the writing of some items, resulting in the consensus English version (CEV). After analyses of the CPV2, CEV, with suggestions by the author, and pretest, the final Portuguese version (FPV) was developed. Conclusion: The obtained instrument requires validation and will contribute to the assessment of interprofessional socialization, thus making possible the strengthening of health interprofessional education initiatives.