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Prevalência da fragilidade no contexto brasileiro e desempenho cognitivo de idosos não frágeis, pré-frágeis e frágeis
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-02-25) Morais Fabrício, Daiene de; Chagas, Marcos Hortes Nisihara; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7060083823888759; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6810591233211819
Introduction: The Brazilian population is aging rapidly, which, consequently, leads to an increase in frailty syndrome. Due to the related adverse effects and impacts for the aging individual, the syndrome has been the subject of studies by researchers in the area. Currently, the construct and definition of frailty are still not well established, which leads to discrepancies in the prevalence of frailty around the world and in Brazil. The inclusion of other components, besides the physical, in the conceptual construct of frailty may be one of the aspects that should be considered in this discussion, being the cognitive domain one of the most relevant. Cognitive impairment is one of the main problems affecting the health of the elderly population, and previous studies have evidenced a strong association between frailty and cognition since frail elderly individuals present worse cognitive performance. Thus, two studies were carried out with the following objectives: 1) to review Brazilian studies on the prevalence of frailty syndrome, considering the characteristics of the studied population and the screening methods used; and 2) to investigate differences in cognitive performance general and specific domains among the non-fragile, pre-frail and frail elderly. Method: To achieve the first objective, A systematic review was performed to achieve the first objective. The searches were conducted in the databases PubMed, Scielo, and Web of Science, using the following keywords: (prevalence or epidemiology) and frailty and Brazil. Forty-one articles met the eligibility criteria and were included in the review. In order to reach the second objective, a cross-sectional study was carried out. Two hundred and sixty-seven older adults living in the area covered by a Family Health Center in São Carlos, SP, were evaluated. The elderly were divided into three groups according to the criteria defined by Fried et al. (2001) (non-frail, pre-frail, and frail) using a self-reported instrument for each component of the syndrome. Cognitive performance was assessed with the following instruments: Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE), Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer's disease (CERAD), Brief Cognitive Screening Battery (BCSB), Similarity Test Cambridge Examination for Mental Disorders (CAMDEX) and digit extension test (direct and inverse order). A multinomial logistic regression analysis adjusted for age, gender and education was performed to evaluate the association between performance in cognitive domains and levels of frailty. Results: In the systematic review, the prevalence of frailty ranged from 3% to 74.1%, depending on the evaluation instrument used, on the region and population studied. Regarding cognitive performance, the frailty was significantly associated with lower scores in the MMSE (RRR = 0.86, p <0.01), memory of the CERAD word list (RRR = 0.92, p = 0.02) and recognition of the list of BCSB figures (RRR = 0.78, p = 0.04). Pre-frailty was associated with lower scores on the memory item of the CERAD word list (RRR = 0.92, p = 0.04) and on the Boston naming test (RRR = 0.82, p = 0.03). Conclusions: The results of these studies showed that the prevalence of the frailty syndrome in Brazil is discrepant. The standardization of screening methods for frailty could facilitate comparisons between studies in order to maximize and create intervention strategies, especially in a country with cultural diversity and regional disparities such as Brazil. Also, the frailty syndrome can impact general cognition and especially memory, learning, and naming. New prospective studies are critical in assessing the relationship between frailty and specific cognitive domains.
Olhares e narrativas de crianças hospitalizadas sobre a vida escolar
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-02-25) Lino, Ana Maria; Sommerhalder, Aline; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4775432120371947; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9427558522201826
The questions that guide this study refer to what hospitalized children tell about their school experiences and their way of seeing and living from attendance in the hospital class. This proposal was developed based on the invitation for the children to share their knowledge in the study more profound of the theme about the continuity not only of schooling, but also of childhood experiences during hospitalization. The participation of the children values their knowledge and their condition of subject, as active and creative agents, in contrast to their condition as a patient. The objective of the study was to analyze and understand what children tell about school practices, attitudes and their experiences when they are in care in the hospital class. The voice of the child, the complexity of care, that integrates health and education, and the small production of research work in this modality justify the development of this research from three theoretical axes: the recognition of competences and the rights of the child; the modality of teaching in the hospital class for children undergoing health treatment and the processes of learning in childhood, including playfulness. The Brazilian legislation and the authors Bazílio and Kramer (2011), Matos and Mugiatti (2011), Fonseca (2008), Ceccim and Carvalho (1997), Morin (2006), Vigotski were the main references for the study of principles and practices, which underlie this research. Freire's thought and experience (1967, 1975, 1979, 1996, 1997) form the inspiration and the basis for reflection from the process of humanization: liberating and dialogical. The methodology used is characterized by the qualitative research, with source in the narratives of five hospitalized children. Three games that contemplate playful possibilities for the construction of narratives by children were used as instrument for pedagogical listening. Because this activity involves children, care and ethics are present in the various circumstances of this project, in order to preserve children from exposures and risks. Bogdan and Biklen (1994), Cruz (2008) and Oliveira-Formosinho (2008) were references to the methodology based on children's narratives in this work. Taking the children's point of view represents an experience of alterity, in this sense the collected data were organized in categories that express what the hospitalized children tell about school activities, attitudes, schooling and playfulness. The data analysis identifies in the activities narrated by the participating children the prevalence of a banking conception of education, meritocratic, unrelated to meaningful learning and indicates pleasures, attitudes and values that express experiences related to the playfulness and affectivity present in knowledge and learning that extrapolate the school environment. In elaborating their narratives, children affirm their condition as subjects and invite all of us to review the possibilities that the school can develop in order to concretize processes of humanization and transformation in everyday life.
O Programa Nacional de Fortalecimento dos Conselhos Escolares: um estudo no município de Palmas - TO
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-02-25) Brito, Katia Cristina Custódio Ferreira; Conti, Celso Luiz Aparecido; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6967887143687279; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2258920700681561
This work aims to analyze the implementation of the National School Councils Strengthening Program (PNFCE) in the municipality of Palmas/TO - Brazil, in order to understand the participation of the segments involved, based on the concepts of representative and participatory democracy. It is assumed that the implementation of this Program was based on the foundations of the governmental proposal that established public policies to be developed and its priorities in terms of administrative and financial management. For this research, conceptual studies of categories related to democracy and participation were carried out. In the theoretical foundations, the different conceptions of democracy are exposed, highlighting the representative and participatory democracy, exploring its definitions, its criteria and the contexts in which they occur. Furthermore, it also presents the concept of participation, in an attempt to show its close relationship with democracy. Finally, alludes to the foundations of education, analyzing categories proper to the principle of democratic management of public school and participation. Additionally, research where conducted on the implementation of PNFCE at federal, state and municipal levels. Methodologically, the research was based on a qualitative approach, having, as an empirical field, the Municipal Education System of the municipality of Palmas-TO, where the PNFCE implementation experience showed signs of effective democratic practices in the local community. The research was based on documentary and empirical sources, whose data were obtained through semi-structured interviews with members of the Articulating Group for Strengthening School Councils in the Municipality of Palmas-TO (GAFCE). Data analysis revealed that the PNFCE promoted access to and broadened the debates about democratic management in school spaces. However, the development of actions in the municipality occurred for a limited period of time (2014-2016), and did not materialize in initiatives that provided any continuity experience. The activities developed did not reflect in legal prediction of the democratic management in the municipality, considering especially, the mechanisms for its accomplishment. Therefore, it is not possible to identify further details regarding the structure for its continuation or possibilities of implementation as a state policy. At a federal and state level, the same discontinuity movement is observed as abrupt interruption of the Program, which is reflected in the implemented policies.
Trajetórias dos professores e educadores sociais da cidade de Iguape – SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-02-25) Melo Júnior, Arlindo Lins de; Siems-Marcondes, Maria Edith Romano; Caiado, Kátia Regina Moreno
The title “Trajectories of teachers and social educators caiçaras in the city of Iguape – SP” brings a reflection on the tasks of school education and non - school education in the rural education, considering the community caiçara. This research had the objective of analyzing the trajectory of teachers and social educators caiçaras in the city of Iguape - São Paulo. Was used the dialectical-historical materialism method. The study involved 12 participants: seven caiçaras teachers (school education) and five social educators caiçaras (non-school education), indicated by the Youth Association of Juréia. The instrument used for data collection was the semi-structured interview, and the data analysis was carried out from the theoretical-methodological assumptions of historical-dialectical materialism, creating three thematic axes: (a) the trajectories of the city's caiçaras teachers Iguape- SP; (b) the trajectories of the social educators caiçaras of Iguape - SP; and (c) relations of coexistence between teachers and social educators caiçaras in favor of the community. The results show through the speeches the contributions that social educators bring about the valorization of the cultural activities of the community itself. It was identified that the dialogues between teachers and educators, although conflicting at times, refer to a respect for the work done by the other and values the potential of their students to the detriment of their limitations.
CODAT - Control Dataplane Testbed
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-02-25) Pedroso, Diego Frazatto; Marcondes, César Augusto Cavalheiro; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4431183539132719; Senger, Hermes; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3691742159298316; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7987920843092736
Testbeds are fundamental platforms for the creation and validation of new technologies and future Internet architectures. They enable a more precise, scalable and close control of the real characteristics of a network like the Internet environment. In this way, these testbeds allow the validation of architectures elaborated from scratch with new concepts based on new technologies and focused mainly to solve all the security and performance implications that clutter this current model of Internet. To fill this gap, this work aims to propose an environment where the experiment has the possibility to control the data plan in networks, using an API that reduces the time of creation and instantiation of the experiment, without functional restrictions to the user, aiming to provide a flexible environment for experimenting with significant parts operating on the Internet.
Desempenho cognitivo e reconhecimento de expressões faciais das emoções com estímulos estáticos e dinâmicos em idosos com e sem depressão maior
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-02-25) Bomfim, Ana Julia de Lima; Chagas, Marcos Hortes Nisihara; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7060083823888759; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6536310576118767
Background: Depression in late life is associated with worse prognosis, a more chronic course and a higher rate of relapse compared to younger patients, and cognitive impairment, involving domains such as memory, attention and function executive. Moreover, individuals with major depression tend to interpret information considered imprecise in a negative light, which can exert a direct effect on their capacity to decode social stimuli. Objective: Two studies were developed with the following objectives: 1) to compare the cognitive performance and functional capacity in older adults with and without current major depression; 2) to compare basic facial expression recognition skills during tasks with static and dynamic stimuli in older adults with and without major depression. Methods: This is a cross-sectional, descriptive and analytical study based on quantitative research and the groups were matched for the sex, age and schooling. Older adults were selected through a screening process for psychiatric disorders at a primary care service. Psychiatric evaluations were performed using the criteria of the DSM-5. In the first study, 24 older adults with depression and 199 older adults without depression were selected and evaluated by the following instruments: Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), Brief Cognitive Battery (BBRC), Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer’s Disease (CERAD), forward and backward digit span test, similarity subtest of CAMDEX and World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule -WHODAS2.0. At the second study, twenty-three adults with a diagnosis of depression and 23 older adults without a psychiatric diagnosis were asked to perform two facial emotion recognition tasks using static and dynamic stimuli. Results: Statistic differences were found between the groups in the variable of functional capacity (p=0,009). No statistic differences were found between groups related to cognitive domains. In addition, the individuals with major depression demonstrated greater accuracy in recognizing sadness (p = 0.023) and anger (p = 0.024) during the task with static stimuli and less accuracy in recognizing happiness during the task with dynamic stimuli (p = 0.020). Conclusions: Older adults with major depression show impairment functional capacity. Likewise, the performance of older adults with depression in facial expression recognition tasks with static and dynamic stimuli differs from that of older adults without depression, with greater accuracy regarding negative emotions (sadness and anger) and lower accuracy regarding the recognition of happiness.
Caracterização da prática dos terapeutas ocupacionais em cuidados paliativos nos serviços públicos oncológicos de saúde no Brasil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-02-25) Perilla, Viviana Marcela León; Joaquim, Regina Helena Vitale Torkomian; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7719481657895650; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2136369629376568
Introduction: The occupational therapist (OT), by aiming to keep people with active participation in their daily lives, through the performance of activities that are significant to them, can compose the team of profissionals who work in oncological care and palliative care (PC). Oncological care, when combined with PC, produces better results than standard cancer treatment alone. Thus, it is essential to know deeply and systematize the performance of the OT in oncologic PC and its other constituent aspects. Objective: To understand how the insertion and performance of oncology in PC in hospital care is given to the oncologic population. Method: This is a quantitative-qualitative, exploratory study conducted in two stages: a) an online survey survey, and b) a multiple case study. For the first stage, an online questionnaire was used to collect data and, subsequently, a descriptive statistical analysis was carried out. In the second stage, different sources of evidence were used and triangulated (interviews, documentary consultation and electronic records) with subsequent cross-synthesis of the cases. Results: The first step was 18 OTs from three regions of Brazil (southeast, south and northeast), and in the second step, three OTs, randomly selected, one for each region. Sociodemographic characteristics, information about the work environment, the population attended and the profissional activities developed were identified. The findings of the 1st Stage showed greater insertion and consolidation of the practice of OT in PC in the Southeastern region, mean age between 25 and 45 years; predominance of the workload of 30 hours per week; in the outpatient care modality and in an advisory group of palliative care, in an interdisciplinary team. In addition, the prevalence of updating days, mostly involving action with adults and elderly with impaired functionality and physical symptoms, establishing objectives related to evaluation and therapeutic use of activities, preparation for the decline in health of the user at the end of life, emphasis on activities with meaning and significance in their day-to-day and recognition of the wishes of users for the establishment of therapeutic goals. In relation to the deepening obtained in the second stage, it was identified that the clinical/profissional reasoning is established to meet the physical, psychosocial, emotional and spiritual demands of the oncology population in PC, rescuing in its practice integrated actions to host the narratives, resignification of the life project, strengthening of bonds, as well as the optimization and maintenance of functional skills and occupational participation, and already to a lesser extent the facilitation of the process of leaving with the family. Within the obstacles, profissional training in the area was pointed out as insufficient specifically in the assessment, early attention and grief, and also in interdisciplinary work. Conclusion: it indicates the need to sensitize the interprofissional team about the potential of occupational therapy and its engagement in the creation of educational resources and profissional training in palliative care.
Análise funcional de comportamentos estereotipados em indivíduos com deficiência visual
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-02-25) Baston, Camila Aparecida Paris; Elias, Nassim Chamel; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4216525883778695; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4014099010602763
The present study aimed to analyze stereotyped behaviors in individuals with visual impairment (blindness or low vision), since individuals with this diagnosis may also present these stereotyped behaviors. The theoretical foundation of this research is based on descriptive functional analysis through a registration protocol filled in multiprofessional appointments in a Clinical Hospital in the Subnormal Vision sector and in a Special Institution for the visually impaired. The implementation of this research, with the discussions of functional analysis, was given from the perspective of behavior analysis theorists. This study is descriptive and quantitative in nature. Stereotyped behaviors of six four-to-17-year-old participants with low vision or blindness were recorded. For each target behavior, antecedent events and consequences were recorded in a specific protocol. The results indicated that the stereotypes had the function of obtaining attention or escaping from demands. It is discussed, mainly, if the descriptive functional analysis is sufficient for the identification of these functions and it compares the results found with data of the literature of the area of visual deficiency.
De lá para cá ou dos percursos que a diversidade sexual faz na constituição de uma política na UFSCar (2004-2016)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-02-25) Vieira, Hamilton Édio dos Santos; Reyes, Cláudia Raimundo; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5187942717120318; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4637757709130649
This thesis presents the result of an investigation on the field of semantic significance of sexual diversity from institutional documents of the Federal University of São Carlos, through the interactional perspective of language, which takes place in and with social relations. Thus, it tried to observe the processes that constituted the senses of diversity and that crossed the statements constructed later in sexual diversity, having as sources of analysis the documents that the UFSCar produced in the last two decades. In order to show a reading of the course of meanings with which sexual diversity presented, contextualizing education and the role of university institutions when they crossed by discussions that touch on social segments that demand their specificities in the public space. This university chosen following a methodological strategy, when it was perceived that there is a permeated path in the discourses of the documents chosen to be located between 2004, when diversity appears the first time, until 2016, when sexual diversity gains its space, building an administrative organization not found in other federal universities. The hypothesis was that sexual diversity, before its chronological emergence in the UFSCar, took place in the discussion about diversity as a semantic field to think about the development of the university from 2004 on. Using the field of language to perceive the expressive and subjective side of the verbal and non-verbal signs in the production of the senses about sexual diversity was possible from a working method centered on the Indicium Paradigm. This form of investigative work focuses on the detail of the observation and allows searching for clues and evidences with which the researcher has the tools to observe for which paths these clues have walked and how much they indicate about the investigated object and a field of palpable answers presented. By the paradigm, it tried to value the specificity of the field with which the discussion about diversity and sexual diversity emerged, which was possible to conclude that theme sexual diversity cross by the symbolic construction of diversity and how this semantic field articulates the space of diversity in institutional policies. The research seeks to reinforce that language is above all a social production, is not neutral and intended among the singularities of different subjects. Through the register, that existence give, that is, the emergence of sexual diversity allows the materiality of life can be look at and function as an analytical category on how society deals in its public space with the specificities that it produces.
Desenvolvimento de potenciais metalofármacos de rutênio contendo 1,1’-bis(difenilfosfino)ferroceno e ligantes mercapto
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-02-25) Macedo, Adriana Pereira Mundim Guedes; Batista, Alzir Azevedo; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6469642481998660; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7792856681114887
The antimetastatic activity, high selectivity and cytotoxicity in various human tumor cell line makes ruthenium (II) complexes attractive for the development of new chemotherapeutic agents for cancer treatment. In this study, six new ruthenium complexes with biological interest ligands of general formula [Ru(NS)(bipy)(dppf)]PF6, where NS = 2-mercaptothiazoline, 2-mercapto-1-methylimidazole, 6-mercaptopyridine-3-carboxylic acid, 4,6-diamino-2-mercaptopyrimidine, 6-methyl-2-thiouracil and 2-thiouracil, were synthesized. The complexes were characterized by molar conductivity, elemental analysis, infrared and UV / visible region absorption spectroscopy, 31P{1H}, 1H and 13C{1H} nuclear magnetic resonance, cyclic and differential pulse voltammetry, and some complexes, by monocrystal X-ray diffraction. The cytotoxic activity of the complexes was evaluated against different tumor cell lines and non-tumor cells, as well as the possible mechanism of action of these complexes against MDA-MB-231 cells. In addition, the interaction of the complexes with the biomolecules of HSA and DNA, and the inhibition of the enzyme topoisomerase IB, were evaluated. The results showed high cytotoxicity and selectivity for triple-negative breast tumor cell line (MDA-MB-231), with IC50 values in the range of 0.33‒3.78 μM. The cells percentage increase in sub-G1 phase of the cell cycle analysis, distinct morphological alterations and the increase in apoptotic cells labeled with Annexin-V show that apoptosis is the mechanism of cell death induced in MDA-MB-231 cell line after treatment with the complexes. Multiple targets of action were identified for the complexes, such as induction of DNA damage, mitochondrial depolarization with reduction of mitochondrial membrane potential, increase of reactive oxygen species levels and inhibition of Topoisomerase IB enzyme. In addition, antimetastatic activities were evidenced due by both cell migration and angiogenesis in CAM membrane model inhibition. The complexes exhibited strong interaction with HSA with Kb values in the range of 105‒107 and affinity for the IA site of the protein. The complexes showed electrostatic interaction with DNA. These results observed for the synthesized complexes present promising characteristics of potential anticancer drugs.
Avaliação de cultivares de rúcula e produção de sementes em cultivo orgânico
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-02-25) Silva, Patricia Augusto da; Sala, Fernando César; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6771975466075202; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9807650973691569
The production of rocket in Brazil, whether in conventional or organic cultivation uses seeds whose production comes from the conventional system, and there is no availability of seed produced in organic cultivation. The aim of this work was to evaluate the agronomic performance of rocket cultivars, their production and seed quality in organic production in protected environment. Eight cultivars were evaluated for agronomic characteristics: Agatha, Astro, Apreciata, Cultivada, Folha Larga, Giovana, Maia, Rococo in two seasons: summer and autumn. The experimental design was a randomized complete block design with eight replications and the following characteristics were evaluated: plant height, root length, number of leaves, fresh shoot mass, dry shoot and root mass, yield, iron content and vitamin C of the leaves. In the production of seeds, the evaluated characteristics were: time for flowering, number of branches per plant, length of siliqua, number of siliquas per plant, number of seeds per siliqua, yield, thousand seed mass, germination, electrical conductivity and seed health , and the seeds stored for a period of one year were evaluated: germination, electrical conductivity, emergence, emergency speed index and seed health. The averages were compared by the Scott & Knott test at 5% probability. In the cultivation of rocket during the summer and autumn there was statistical difference for most of the characteristics evaluated. 'Giovana' obtained higher values in number of leaves, plant height, root length and shoot dry mass in the summer crop, whereas in the autumn 'Giovana` and 'Astro' of leaf, plant height and root length. It was possible to produce organic rocket seeds with high yield, germination and sanity in an organic system in a protected environment.
O processo de alta de crianças e adolescentes em CAPSij na perspectiva de terapeutas ocupacionais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-02-25) Richter, Raíssa Herold Matias; Cid, Maria Fernanda Barboza; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8595043315867424; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5253150668946525
Current health policies and guidelines have highlighted the relevance of a practice that is efficient, effective, and resolutive. This trend has been established throughout the Health Care Network, including the Psychosocial Care Network. Thus, a scenario is developed that calls for the expansion of the discussion about discharging processes, also in the services of mental health care for children and adolescents of Unified Health System (SUS). In the national and international literature, there is a shortage of studies that address the theme of the contribution of occupational therapy in the discharging process of children and adolescents in the field of mental health, as well as discharging processes in general. Thus, the objective of this study was to understand the children and adolescents’ discharging process at Child Psychosocial Care Centers (CAPSij) from the perspective of occupational therapists. For this purpose, a descriptive and exploratory field study was carried out with a qualitative approach. The target population consisted of 15 occupational therapists working at CAPSij in the city of São Paulo, with experience for at least one year. Data were collected through a semi-structured interview and analyzed using the Collective Subject Discourse (DSC) technique. The results of this study demonstrated how the discharge process of children and adolescents occurs at CAPSij, considering the aspects related to the understanding and use of the term “discharge” in this context, the description of how it happens, the reflection on its criteria and its challenges in practice; in addition to the perception of children, adolescents and families regarding the discharge process. It was also identified that the occupational therapists involved in this study participate in the discharging processes in the context of the CAPSij in which they work, either as a member of the multi-professional team or as a professional in the area of occupational therapy. It was observed that the contribution of occupational therapy in the discharging process is related to a more extensive and contextualized evaluation and analysis of the child / adolescent candidate for discharge, to the strengthening of the families, to acting as a technical reference of the users, to the work shared with the interdisciplinary team and the empowerment of the subjects for appropriation of the social spaces extra-wall CAPSij. It was found that the implementation of the technical reference function, the active participation of the child / adolescent / family, the articulation of the CAPSij with the intersectoral network, and the reflection about the concepts of "discharge" and "referral" in the context of child and adolescent mental health are determining factors for the process of discharging children and adolescents who experience psychic suffering to occur in an implicated, co-responsible and safe manner. Regarding the participation of occupational therapy in the discharging process, there was progress in relation to the actions of these professionals within the scope of the child and adolescent mental health, which have been highlighted in an expanded, concrete and contextualized way, in response to the current demands of this field. It is considered that this research was able to deepen the understanding and discussion about the discharging process, either approaching it in its specificities, or in its broader aspects, thus contributing both to the production of knowledge in the field of child and adolescent mental health as well as to health mental and occupational therapy.
Narrativas de pessoas surdas que apreciam a música
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-02-25) Mathias, Mercia Santana; Caiado, Kátia Regina Moreno; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0803778280883949; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8356605602053953
Several researches demonstrate the importance of music in people's lives. However, in the case of people with hearing loss, this argument is disregarded because there's still a consensus that it is impossible for those to enjoy the benefits of music. In Brazil, this subject has been discussed in the academic world since the 80's and it's just growing more and more, including the person with hearing loss into the possibilities of musical education. This qualitative and quantitative research intends to present the analysis of knowledge productions found in Portuguese on music and deafness. It also intends to present the narratives of people with hearing loss who have experienced music in varied contexts, and for different reasons. Based on the Historical-Dialectical Materialism, the methodological paths dialogue with the method of exposition, which are guided by the Systematic Review of Literature; Content analysis; Interviews and Oral History. Through interviewing and surveying the interviewee's profile, contexts of these people's experiences are revealed, not only in relation to music, but also considering all the analysis of other factors that, directly or indirectly, are subordinated in the existential context, can not be underestimated. Adults with different degrees of hearing loss participated in this study, with the majority of interviews being mediated by interpreters from Libras, specially hired for this stage of the study. Some interviewees work on institutional musical projects, others are students in music conservatories, and there's one interviewee who's a member of the orchestral body of a religious institution. Some of the interviews found in the first stage of the research, namely in the texts of the productions of knowledge, were taken for the present research, since they served to expand the analyzes of the narratives to formal educational contexts in the regular classroom of public schools. Data from the systematic literature review were organized for content analyzes, and later by Thematic Axes. The Thematic Axes from the knowledge production dialogues with the Thematic Axes of the analysis of the interviews, in order to better explore some of the many knowledge found in the texts, and obviously where there was confluence with the objectives of this research. The results show that those people with hearing loss interviewed for this researchenjoy music. One of the most convincing arguments is the fact that musical learning took place at the initiative of these people themselves. Also the fact that there is a translator / interpreter of Libras to mediate the teaching-learning process was determinant for the entry and success of those in musical contexts with listeners. The interviewees, based on experience, point to phenomena that indicate a peculiar form developed for the appropriation of music. Therefore, it is mainly a question of seeking answers to enable opportunities for people with hearing loss to process knowledge on another level that is totally meaningful and accessible. The results also point out that the condition of deafness is circumstantial, since it has direct relation with actions in the context of social policies of great impact, such as health care for pregnant women, children and adults, and specialized educational services.
Produção de Na-β″-alumina e o seu transporte iônico do Na+
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-02-25) Pitoli, Andrew Correia Lacerda; D'Alkaine, Carlos Ventura; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8699821828310072; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0273512188178968
In the present doctorate thesis, in order to study the Na+ ion transport in Na-βʺ-alumina(cr), we started by studying the production stages of Na-βʺ-alumina(cr) sodium ion conductive membranes. In order to do so, we studied the stages of (i) synthesis of Na-βʺ-alumina(cr) powder from physical mixtures of powder Na2CO3(cr) and Al2O3(cr, α) precursors, (ii) forming of green-bodies (i. e., geometrically compacted particle arrays) and, at last, (iii) sintering of circular flat plates membranes. In the synthesis stage, we identified the phase Na2O∙Al2O3(cr) as an stable intermediate, and obtained Na-βʺ-alumina(cr) at temperatures as low as 1000 °C in a traditional tubular horizontal Joule Effect heated furnace built by us. In the forming stage, we were able to reproducibly obtain green-bodies in a cylindrically hollow metal die (projected exclusively for this purpose) without usage of binding nor lubricant agents. In the sintering stage, we were able to produce sintered membranes with noticeably higher mechanical resistance and (in some of them) lower apparent volume of the heat treated green-bodies. During sintering, we registered mass losses for every produced membrane, probably due to undesired incongruent sublimation of Na2O from Na-βʺ-alumina(cr). The extent of mass losses would be higher for higher temperatures and higher isothermal periods employed in the sintering stage. These losses could be attenuated by the usage of support-powder, with the same composition as the green-bodies, burying the green-bodies. The depth of mass losses would’ve been enough to shift the system’s global composition to lesser Na2O contents in the Na-βʺ-alumina(cr) variable composition region. We were able to determine the temperature region in which the sintering kinetic control would shift from mechanisms that would cause sintering without apparent volume shrinkage to mechanisms that would cause sintering with shrinkage, at about 1550 °C (Na-βʺ-alumina(cr) upper thermal stability limit). For the sintering stage, we also developed and adapted a household microwave oven into a furnace able to conduct controlled time-variable temperature heating schedules up to 1520 °C. Interpretations about the possible kinetic processes studied are presented, alongside their respective probable chemical equations. At last, we were able to conduct preliminary electrochemical measurements (galvanostatic, open circuit potential measurements, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy) on a two-compartment cell in which our membranes (acting as separators) were immersed in Na+ ion conductive molten salts. These results indicated that Na+ ion transport through the membranes was achieved, yet we weren’t able to control the system in study.
Diferenças entre os sexos no controle sensório-motor do ombro
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-02-25) Zancanaro, Lucas Leonardo; Oliveira, Ana Beatriz de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1049547759186556; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3214671763228769
Sex is an biological risk factor that deserves attention because of its repercussion on the development of work-related musculoskeletal disorders. The prevalence of these disorders is higher among females than among males, especially on the neck/shoulder region. Considering the role of muscle action in shoulder joint function, the integrity of sensorimotor control is important. Therefore, the study of sex differences in sensorimotor control mechanisms contributes for understanding the risks faced by females. This dissertation is composed by a study aiming to investigate if there are sex differences in torque steadiness, amplitude, and variability of activation of the shoulder girdle muscles during isometric shoulder scaption. Seventeen females and 17 without disorders in the neck/shoulder region participated. Torque steadiness was evaluated at 20% and 35% of peak torque. Surface electromyographic signals (sEMG) of the trapezius (all portions), serratus anterior, and anterior deltoid muscles were recorded during steadiness evaluation. Standard deviation (SD), coefficient of variation (CV), stability time and median frequency (MF) of torque were calculated from the steadiness trials. The root mean square (RMS) values of normalized (norm) sEMG for maximum isometric shoulder scaptions were considered for calculation of the SDnorm, CVnorm and MF values. The amplitude of muscle activation was expressed by mean RMSnorm value. The variability of muscle activation was assessed through both SDnorm and CVnorm values from the signals. Females presented lower SD and MF values of torque than males in both targets, indicating that their torque fluctuations were lower and less frequent. Females presented higher RMSnorm and SDnorm values than males for most of the evaluated muscles, that is, they had higher amplitude and variability in muscle activation. The lower and less frequent torque fluctuations and the highest amplitude in muscle activation may expose females to the highest risk of musculoskeletal disorders.
IoT Honeynet com Emulação da Internet
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-02-25) Godoy, Douglas Baptista de; Senger, Hermes; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3691742159298316; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5910037024783988
This work argues that the growth in numbers of IoT (Internet of Things) in our lives (eg Amazon Echo, cameras, etc.), as well as their increasing computing power, arouses the interest of hackers and consequently, their attacks. Most of these attacks are aimed at making profits, espionage or activism. However, despite years of research and experience, we have not yet produced computer systems with enough programming safety to prevent such large-scale attacks. In general, the techniques employed are post-attack, such as attack detection and malware analysis. The tools used in this analysis can execute processes that allow you to monitor the interactions of the malware with the environment. These analysis can be of two types: (I) static analysis, which is the process of analyzing malware without executing it; (II) dynamic analysis that executes malware in a controlled environment and monitors its interactions. Capture tools, such as honeypots and honeynets, require a controlled environment and this is the central theme of our work, focused on IoTs. Thus, we propose a honeynet architecture able to identify the attacks and interactions of the cyber attacks thru its control, in that we start from the premise that such interactions are made through addresses in black lists. In addition, the malware must be executed by a process similar to that of the IoT devices. Finally, the architecture needs to be self-sufficient and to be in a controlled environment, to ensure that its execution does not generate a real Internet attack, but replicate it by emulation. A proof of concept with software-defined networks (SDN) was developed and the results show that the architecture is self-sufficient, its environment controlled and scalable.
Algoritmo baseado em colônia de abelhas artificiais para resolução do problema de programação de um job shop flexível multiobjetivo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-02-25) Florêncio, Guilherme Felipe; Kato, Edilson Reis Rodrigues; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8517698122676145; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4992244482206844
The flexible job shop problem (FJSP), considered one of the most complex problems of work scheduling, composes the class of NP-hard problems in the computer science field. Although this scheduling production problem is quite complex, it can be computationally more costly to be treated when additional restrictions or criteria are imposed to the problem. The FJSP consists in a set of "n" job that are constituted by "i" operations, and these operations are processed individually by a machine 'M' that is part of the production environment machine set. In this type of system, each operation inside the job can be processed at a different machine. On the fully flexible process, all the machines are able to process all the operations, and on the partly flexible, at least one does not process at least one operation. This problem can be divided into two sub-problems, the routing and the scheduling. The routing consists in to define which machine will process the operation, and the scheduling consists in the order that operations will be processed. Through this work, it has been aimed to minimize performance multiobjectives, such as: makespan, more loaded machine load and full load of all machines, seeking high diversity of solutions. To achieve the objectives of this paper it was implemented the metaheuristic Artificial Bee Colony along with the Pareto method to help treating the multiobjectives. The observed results were satisfactory in most instances for which the algorithm was applied, and optimal results were found for some instances.
Síntese de furanos trissubstituídos via reações de oxopaladação aeróbica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-02-25) Barboza, Amanda Aline; Ferreira, Marco Antonio Barbosa; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6874055640224407; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4255739684342248
Furans are important heterocyclics with broad application in synthesis as a building block, frequently presented in a wide range of compounds that exhibit biological activity, including natural products. Intramolecular oxopallation chemistry has been widely applied for the preparation of furans and benzofurans, with particular emphasis on processes of intramolecular cycloisomerization of substituted carbonyl precursors. However, the use of 2-alkenylcarbonyls, more accessible and easily manipulated than the previous starting materials, is still unexplored with palladium II chemistry. It is well known that the use of oxidants to regenerate the reactive species of palladium is necessary and that an aerobic version of these reactions represents a major advance due to the widespread availability of molecular oxygen as a "green" oxidant. The present work demonstrates the development of an aerobic methodology for the direct use of molecular oxygen in the synthesis of trisubstituted furans using β-ketoesters derivatives and palladium II source. In the initial attempt to synthesize the furans, reactive systems such as alkenyl-substituted β-ketoesters were explored. In sequence, experiments were carried out with the variation of the catalyst source, solvents, additives and temperature, in order to find the optimized condition for the oxopallation reaction. Stands out the use of bis (acetonitrile) dichloro-palladium as catalyst, dimethylformamide and sodium acetate as solvent and base, respectively, and molecular sieve of 4 Å at 40 °C under an atmosphere of 1 atm of molecular oxygen. With the optimized reaction conditions, it was tested for other substrates in order to evaluate the scope of this methodology. The studies to verify the scope of the methodology were carried out providing yields up to 85% for the 21 substrates evaluated.
Processamento sensorial e engajamento de crianças nas rotinas da educação infantil na perspectiva dos professores
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-02-25) Barros, Vanessa de Melo; Della Barba, Patrícia Carla de Souza; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6448489426438006; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2079156341523129
The engagement is essential for successful development. Sensory processing skills promote commitment. However, the relationship between sensory processing skills and commitment of children in the school routine is little studied in Brazil. The study identified the correlations between patterns of sensory processing and engagement in routines of children in childhood education with typical development. It is a descriptive, correlational study. This study involved 9 educators linked to the 5 municipal schools, as well as 70 children of 3 years and typical development, enrolled full-time in early childhood education. The evaluation instruments used were Sensory Processing Measure-Preschool - SPM-P and the Classroom Measure of Engagement, Independence, and Social Relationships - ClaMEISR. The data collection was carried out by filling out the questionnaires by the teachers, under the supervision of the researcher. For the analysis of the data, descriptive statistical analyzes and the statistical software package for the verification of correlations were used. The study showed that 73% of children have a typical pattern of sensory processing in relation to reactivity and modulation, although in all the sensory systems addressed by the questionnaire used; children with slight to definitive dysfunctions were identified, with the auditory system being, visual and vestibular, those with the highest incidence. For planning and ideation, 63% of the children presented typical performance and for social relations 48% of the children did not present sensory dysfunction. Regarding engagement, for that study the questionnaire left doubts regarding the analysis of its score. Therefore, percentages were established that classified the children into 3 levels, sophisticated engagement 27% of the children, uncomplicated or differentiated engagement 46% and not the engagement of 27% of the total of children evaluated. From these results and statistical analysis it was possible to observe mild and moderate correlations in all the categories presented by the questionnaires, with scores equal to or higher than 0.5. From these correlations, the music, park, meal, small group and free play routines showed a greater correlation with the sensory processing variables, especially social participation, body awareness, which refers to the proprioceptive system, planning and ideation, referring to praxis and total modulation value. Thus, the study points to an important contribution of the typical performance of sensory processing to the sophisticated engagement in school routines. Considering that in school the child is expected to engage in his or her routines for good performance, and that the occupational therapist has dedicated his studies to understand the engagement and patterns of sensory processing, the study emphasizes that the approach of this professional with educators and children can minimize possible deficits presented by children. This partnership can further potentiate the school environment so that the child remains largely time sensory organized and in an environment with suitable possibility for sophisticated engagement.
Avaliação da produção de açúcar utilizando reconciliação de dados, estatística multivariada e modelagem fenomenológica da cristalização
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-02-25) Castro, Bruno José Chiaramonte de; Bernardo, André; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5705402824877708; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9306599334757765
Sugarcane, grown in more than a hundred countries, is one of the major crops of the world. Brazil is the world’s largest producer. Sugarcane industries are constantly seeking to reduce the industrial process losses, to reduce the process variability, and to greater understand and control the phenomena involved in the sucrose crystallization. Thus, the first approach of this work aimed at quantifying the contribution of the sugar manufacturing sector to the total undetermined losses of a sugar and ethanol plant. To this end, a method based on data reconciliation for the process flow rates and concentrations was used. This method could be applied to any equipment or sector of the industry in order to rapidly identify sugar losses that are not currently quantified. The second approach of the work aimed at identifying the major sources of variation in the quantity and quality of the produced sugar, by applying two multivariate statistical techniques (PCA – Principal Component Analysis, and PLS – Partial Least Squares) to the data from the same industry. Lastly, the third objective of the work was to implement a model to the two-massecuite system for sucrose crystallization, based on the first principles of mass and energy conservations, and on the crystal population balance, including the phenomena of nucleation and growth rate dispersion. Microsoft Excel was used for the process data reconciliation, software Minitab for the multivariate statistical analyses, and EMSO simulator for the implementation of the phenomenological model of the crystallization process. From data reconciliation, 37.3% of undetermined losses were found to occur in the sugar manufacturing sector, between juice concentration and sugar bagging. The PCA highlighted the high correlation between the presence of alcoholic flocs in sugar and the concentrations of starch and dextran in it. Both PCA and PLS showed that the color of the sugar was highly correlated to its moisture content, indicating that the phenomena of inclusion and occlusion of molasses in the crystals contributed significantly to increased crystal color. In the simulation of the two-massecuite crystallization process, the crystal mean size reached 0.64 mm, with coefficient of variation equal to 30.58%. These results approximated the real data of the studied plant, in which the crystal mean size was 0.65 mm, with coefficient of variation equal to 25.36%.