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CODAT - Control Dataplane Testbed
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-02-25)
Pedroso, Diego Frazatto
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Marcondes, César Augusto Cavalheiro
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4431183539132719
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Senger, Hermes
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3691742159298316
Testbeds are fundamental platforms for the creation and validation of new technologies and future Internet architectures. They enable a more precise, scalable and close control of the real characteristics of a network like the Internet environment. In this way, these testbeds allow the validation of architectures elaborated from scratch with new concepts based on new technologies and focused mainly to solve all the security and performance implications that clutter this current model of Internet. To fill this gap, this work aims to propose an environment where the experiment has the possibility to control the data plan in networks, using an API that reduces the time of creation and instantiation of the experiment, without functional restrictions to the user, aiming to provide a flexible environment for experimenting with significant parts operating on the Internet.
O Programa Creche Escola e sua(s) concepção(ões) de Educação Infantil: entre o Estado e o Município
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-02-25)
Perea, Nayane Moreno
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Ramos, Géssica Priscila
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2573340489166336
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6424852366389316
The state program Creche Escola intends to expand early childhood education services primarily in areas with greater social vulnerability and shortage of vacancies, through an agreement signed between the State of São Paulo and the associated São Paulo municipality under the constitutional system of collaboration. While the purpose of this program is the construction and equipping of early childhood education units for municipalities with state resources, the state starts to act in a modality that is not mandatory, which instigated us to investigate the conception(s) of early childhood education involved in the program, taking into account the state perspective and the municipal perspective, based on the case study of Araraquara/SP (2011-2018). For this purpose, we conducted a qualitative data study, a case study, whose methodological path involved the execution of ethical procedures, bibliographic, documentary and empirical characters, manifested through a semi-structured interview. The state proposal is significant when it is proposed to finance early childhood education units, given the high demand for vacancies and the municipal recourse limitations to offer them properly. However, the Creche Escola, anchored in the precepts of the New Public Management, denotes a private view of care, notably by targeting especially the most vulnerable and by idealizing a practical architectural project at minimum cost. Not by chance, as seen, that such architectural design does not conceive the pedagogical specificities of the young child, since, taking the economic logic into consideration, it represents the impoverishment of the school infrastructure, which is reduced to a space of shelter and care for toddlers and a space that prepares primary education for the older children, leaving aside the fun and the playfulness and giving their underprivileged children a poor education. However, in practice, despite the fact that the municipality has to follow the building project according to the definitions and conceptions of the state, Araraquara, for its solid history in early childhood education, with its own architectural design and a standard child care, tries to print in spaces of the Creche Escola unit a conception of similar education, which does not separate education and caring, relating both to fun and playfulness. As we have seen, within the Creche Escola Program, the pedagogical and administrative work of the new units are responsibility of the municipality, according to its network and its conceptions, so that there is a tendency for the Program to sustain various conceptions of early childhood education under the same architectural design, depending on the associated municipality.
Caracterização em tempo real da birrefringência de forma do sistema PS/PP por técnica reo-óptica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-02-25)
Vasconcelos, Rayana Larissa
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Canevarolo Júnior, Sebastião Vicente
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4153664441338178
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2438420639837106
The rheo-optical behavior of polystyrene (PS), polypropylene (PP) and immiscible dilute mixtures of these polymers was studied in order to determine the flow birefringence and form birefringence of these materials. The transmitted light intensity between cross-polarizers (IN) was measured using an optical system composed of a polarized light optical microscope, a system that controls the shear and heating, and an optical detector with photoresistors. These measurements allowed to calculate the optical path difference and birefringence for each polymeric system. The IN was considerably higher for pure PS than for pure PP, due to the greater polarizability of the aromatic rings of the PS in comparison to the olefinic groups of the PP. The addition of a PP dispersed phase in the PS matrix caused a shift of the IN curve for higher shear rates, indicating a decrease in the total birefringence of the mixtures relative to the pure matrix. Conversely, the addition of a PS dispersed phase in the PP matrix generated a shift of the IN curve for lower shear rates, because there was an increase in the total birefringence of the mixtures in relation to the pure matrix. These opposite displacements agree with the additive effect of the flow birefringence of each matrix, being negative for PS and positive for PP, and of the form birefringence, always positive. Nevertheless, the form birefringence did not show a dependence of the concentration of the dispersed phase as expected.
Análise do escoamento em um ciclone adaptado com bicos aspersores de água utilizando fluidodinâmica computacional (CFD)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-02-25)
Oliveira, Ricardo Arbach Fernandes de
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Lopes, Gabriela Cantarelli
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5680967191791061
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7351904823405755
Cyclonic separators are widely used in industries for gas-solid separation process. Its low cost in building, operating and maintenance, as well as the ability to operate at high temperatures and pressures, makes it a good choice for gas treatment. In ethanol production industries, sugarcane bagasse is used in the energy cogeneration process. However, the combustion produces soot, a particle matter noxious that can not be emitted into the atmosphere. Thus, by passing through a gas treatment, the amount of particulate matter emitted by the industry can be reduced. The cyclone is often used as a gas pretreatment device, due to its low collection efficiency. Its collection efficiency can be improved by coupling other equipment of higher collecting efficiency to the cyclone body, such as electrostatic precipitators or, more commonly, water nozzles. With advances in the computational area, the use of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) to optimize dry cyclones, increasing collection efficiency and reducing pressure drop, has been a very usual technique, for being a reliable and cheap tool. However, its usage is very restricted in the study of wet cyclones, due to the difficulty of simulating interactions between Lagrangian phases. Thus, an approach was proposed in this study that aims to estimate the collection efficiency within a wet cyclone without the need to model the Lagrangean interactions. Through a hybrid model using CFD and the mechanistic model of kinematic coagulation, it was possible to quantitatively estimate the increase of the efficiency of the cyclone collection using water nozzles. The model uses the Eulerian-Lagrangian approach to simulate the gas-particle and gas-droplet interactions for the characterization of the flow inside the equipment, in order to apply the results obtained by CFD in the kinematic coagulation model. In general terms, the results obtained were effective in representing the phenomena, showing that the equipment is economically feasible, reducing the cut-size diameter by 54,66% and improving the overall collection efficiency of particles by 10,92% with a low increase of water consumption.
Classificação de sinais fisiológicos para inferência do estado emocional de usuários
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-02-25)
Souza, Isaque Elcio de
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Neris, Vânia Paula de Almeida
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0268728255033469
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8469941972572711
Emotional state plays a fundamental role in explaining human behavior in everyday life, influencing decisions and even how to communicate. Therefore, understanding these characteristics and how to identify them is of the utmost importance for a better understanding of human behavior. Emotions can be classified into two models of taxonomy: Discrete Model that include basic emotions (happiness, sadness, fear, disgust, anger, surprise) and Dimensional Model that expresses two or more emotions in a space, with emotional domains such as Valencia (disgust, pleasure) and Excitement (calm, excitement). The literature presents ways of evaluating emotional cues, with inference in real time, by collecting physiological signals through sensors and classified by algorithms in the emotional domains of Valencia and Excitation. In this context, there is a complexity in collecting this data with low-cost sensors, as well as classifying emotions into more emotional domains, increasing the number of classes and consequently the accuracy of the classification in space. This dissertation aimed to classify physiological signals collected with low cost commercial sensors, inferring dimensional emotions in four domains: Valencia, Excitation, Feeling of control and Ease of conclusion of the objective. Thus, this work presents a dataset, with data from three sensors: cardiac activity (ECG), brain activity (EEG) and galvanic response (GSR). To compose the dataset, the physiological signals were collected from 33 participants in three sessions. In order to bring the individual to a desired emotional state, 16 prelabeled movie clips and video clips were used. After the collection and recording of the signals, a preprocessing step was performed to eliminate noise and inconsistent data and extraction of characteristics. In order to classify, we used the closest K-neighbors algorithms, Naive Bayes, Decision Tree, Random Forest, XGBoost, Support Vector Machine and Artificial Neural Networks. Finally, a statistical evaluation of the performance of the algorithms in each sensor data was performed. The classification algorithms that best fit the characteristics of the data were Naive Bayes for ECG and GSR with 96% and 77% accuracy and Support Vector Machine for EEG with 99% accuracy. The results suggest that the data collected allow classification in the four domains studied.
Configurações subjetivas de alunos com deficiência visual sobre processos de escolarização no ensino médio
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-02-25)
Sales, Edinaldo Bomfim
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Mendes, Enicéia Gonçalves
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3897627554738983
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1710068825123134
Valuing the search for the materialization of the right to inclusive education and other cultural goods, the present study focuses on the developmental conditions of the schooling of students with visual impairment in high school, since historically they are people who have endured harmful representations of disability or extraordinariness; where exclusion, prejudice and disinformation about rights still prevail. We produced a research with visually impaired students from a municipality in the interior of the State of Pará, with a focus on the theory of subjectivity and its qualitative epistemology. This is a multiple case study using the constructive-interpretive method. The participants were three visually impaired students from high school and the main objective of the study was to understand the processes of subjectivation made up of blind students with low vision about the processes of schooling in high school. The production of information with these participants is justified by the fact that they are subjects in the condition of disability who experience or experienced different school realities, being individuals with the capacity to express themselves in depth about the research topic. Seeking to achieve an open dialogic communication with the participants, we promoted several meetings to build a social research scene; from there we begin to use the instruments individually with each of them, to produce the information; in which, first, we used a questionnaire, followed by an interview script, followed by an oral sentence completion and we ended with a conversational dynamic. During the dialogues, the participants brought narratives and statements about the factual situations of their experiences in the common room, and the implications of the condition of disability, which always coincided with the condition of individuals, became apparent. Expressions emerged that pointed to a bipolarization of "worlds" of people with and without disabilities, which made it possible to understand that the challenge of school inclusion would be the capacity for interrelationship, which must be assumed by all. We identified some experiences also surrounded by the issue of disability, the transfer of the classroom due to the normative adequacy of the amount of student, situations experienced in a common classroom marked by the forgetfulness or treatment of invisibility by the teachers, but also the support of the colleagues without disabilities, who collaborated in the development of activities. Uniquely, the three cases evidenced how the passage through secondary education seemed important to impact subjective configurations of students with visual impairment, reducing the senses of loss, allowing access to knowledge, personal development, and progression in the schooling process. The information shows that in the context of the greatest barriers, it is that the processes of subjectivation are more mobilized by impelling and teaching individuals to face them as subjects that started to self-affirm, decentralized from a homogeneous school social condition. It is hoped that the design of a multiple case study using the constructive-interpretive method has contributed to show the singularities of the subjective configurations of blind individuals with low vision about their schooling in high school.
Funções ecossistêmicas de florestas ripárias: análise das taxas de decomposição foliar em um gradiente de fertilidade de solo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-02-25)
Soares, Jéssica Akemi Hitaka
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Souza, Andréa Lúcia Teixeira de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5216112068627151
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Tanaka, Marcel Okamoto
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2768658925977757
A potential indicator in the monitoring of restored areas is the decomposition of the organic matter, an important ecosystem function responsible for nutrient cycling, which may vary in relation to soil nutrients availability and vegetation structure. For this reason, this study evaluated the process of organic matter decomposition among three vegetation types: 1) restored riparian forest, 2) pasture and 3) a riparian forest remnant, all of them located along a gradient of soil nutrients. Therefore, it was possible to evaluate both direct and indirect effects of nutrients and vegetation structure on the decomposition process, which was evaluated using the Tea Bag Index (TBI) method. Data were analyzed with a structural equations model, which showed that the decomposition rates were influenced jointly by differences in soil chemical composition and vegetation structure. The vegetation structure had a negative effect on the rate of decomposition by restricting the entry of light into the soil, and consequently, reducing the activity of the decomposing community. Differently, soil chemical composition showed both direct and indirect positive effects (through vegetation structure) in the decomposition, with higher microbial activity possibly due to higher nutrient availability. Therefore, to evaluate the decomposition process in this system it is necessary the evaluation of both soil chemical composition and vegetation structure to separate the contribution of each effect. Ecosystem processes can respond both to differences in soil properties and to the recovery of the vegetation, therefore the monitoring the recovery of ecosystems in riparian forests should include both types of variables.
Estudo de caso em aulas de ciências: contribuições para o desenvolvimento do pensamento crítico na educação básica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-02-25)
Gama, Thamires Valadão
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Queiroz, Salete Linhares
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7925870606416937
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0119719288387600
In contemporary society, products of science significantly affect people´s decisions, making critical thinking a valuable skill to be developed. Among the methodologies which can encourage critical thinking, there is one that is based on using case studies in teaching environments. Moreover, they are understood as narratives that carry an educational message. The aim of this work is to investigate the contribution of an experiment carried out in regular Science classes to develop students´ critical thinking in which a case study was used as the basis for following a jigsaw procedure, as a cooperative learning strategy. Therefore, critical thinking indicators were determined during the initial and final stages of the didactic activity, which was conducted during the case study called "The Clumsy Baker" by five groups of students. The data analysis shows that an improvement in the critical thinking indicators occurred in all the groups, particularly for indicators: "Association of Ideas" and "Critical Assessment". Furthermore, the students´ perceptions concerning the activity showed they accepted it well. In view of the above, it was concluded that using case studies, as well as cooperative activities, mainly those based on the jigsaw format, favors the development of critical thinking, and is therefore appropriate for the context of teaching science at Middle School. Key-words: Case studies; Jigsaw; Critical Thinking; Science; Middle School.
Avaliação de cultivares de rúcula e produção de sementes em cultivo orgânico
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-02-25)
Silva, Patricia Augusto da
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Sala, Fernando César
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6771975466075202
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9807650973691569
The production of rocket in Brazil, whether in conventional or organic cultivation uses seeds whose production comes from the conventional system, and there is no availability of seed produced in organic cultivation. The aim of this work was to evaluate the agronomic performance of rocket cultivars, their production and seed quality in organic production in protected environment. Eight cultivars were evaluated for agronomic characteristics: Agatha, Astro, Apreciata, Cultivada, Folha Larga, Giovana, Maia, Rococo in two seasons: summer and autumn. The experimental design was a randomized complete block design with eight replications and the following characteristics were evaluated: plant height, root length, number of leaves, fresh shoot mass, dry shoot and root mass, yield, iron content and vitamin C of the leaves. In the production of seeds, the evaluated characteristics were: time for flowering, number of branches per plant, length of siliqua, number of siliquas per plant, number of seeds per siliqua, yield, thousand seed mass, germination, electrical conductivity and seed health , and the seeds stored for a period of one year were evaluated: germination, electrical conductivity, emergence, emergency speed index and seed health. The averages were compared by the Scott & Knott test at 5% probability. In the cultivation of rocket during the summer and autumn there was statistical difference for most of the characteristics evaluated. 'Giovana' obtained higher values in number of leaves, plant height, root length and shoot dry mass in the summer crop, whereas in the autumn 'Giovana` and 'Astro' of leaf, plant height and root length. It was possible to produce organic rocket seeds with high yield, germination and sanity in an organic system in a protected environment.
O Programa Nacional de Fortalecimento dos Conselhos Escolares: um estudo no município de Palmas - TO
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-02-25)
Brito, Katia Cristina Custódio Ferreira
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Conti, Celso Luiz Aparecido
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6967887143687279
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2258920700681561
This work aims to analyze the implementation of the National School Councils Strengthening Program (PNFCE) in the municipality of Palmas/TO - Brazil, in order to understand the participation of the segments involved, based on the concepts of representative and participatory democracy. It is assumed that the implementation of this Program was based on the foundations of the governmental proposal that established public policies to be developed and its priorities in terms of administrative and financial management. For this research, conceptual studies of categories related to democracy and participation were carried out. In the theoretical foundations, the different conceptions of democracy are exposed, highlighting the representative and participatory democracy, exploring its definitions, its criteria and the contexts in which they occur. Furthermore, it also presents the concept of participation, in an attempt to show its close relationship with democracy. Finally, alludes to the foundations of education, analyzing categories proper to the principle of democratic management of public school and participation. Additionally, research where conducted on the implementation of PNFCE at federal, state and municipal levels. Methodologically, the research was based on a qualitative approach, having, as an empirical field, the Municipal Education System of the municipality of Palmas-TO, where the PNFCE implementation experience showed signs of effective democratic practices in the local community. The research was based on documentary and empirical sources, whose data were obtained through semi-structured interviews with members of the Articulating Group for Strengthening School Councils in the Municipality of Palmas-TO (GAFCE). Data analysis revealed that the PNFCE promoted access to and broadened the debates about democratic management in school spaces. However, the development of actions in the municipality occurred for a limited period of time (2014-2016), and did not materialize in initiatives that provided any continuity experience. The activities developed did not reflect in legal prediction of the democratic management in the municipality, considering especially, the mechanisms for its accomplishment. Therefore, it is not possible to identify further details regarding the structure for its continuation or possibilities of implementation as a state policy. At a federal and state level, the same discontinuity movement is observed as abrupt interruption of the Program, which is reflected in the implemented policies.
Olhares e narrativas de crianças hospitalizadas sobre a vida escolar
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-02-25)
Lino, Ana Maria
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Sommerhalder, Aline
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4775432120371947
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9427558522201826
The questions that guide this study refer to what hospitalized children tell about their school experiences and their way of seeing and living from attendance in the hospital class. This proposal was developed based on the invitation for the children to share their knowledge in the study more profound of the theme about the continuity not only of schooling, but also of childhood experiences during hospitalization. The participation of the children values their knowledge and their condition of subject, as active and creative agents, in contrast to their condition as a patient. The objective of the study was to analyze and understand what children tell about school practices, attitudes and their experiences when they are in care in the hospital class. The voice of the child, the complexity of care, that integrates health and education, and the small production of research work in this modality justify the development of this research from three theoretical axes: the recognition of competences and the rights of the child; the modality of teaching in the hospital class for children undergoing health treatment and the processes of learning in childhood, including playfulness. The Brazilian legislation and the authors Bazílio and Kramer (2011), Matos and Mugiatti (2011), Fonseca (2008), Ceccim and Carvalho (1997), Morin (2006), Vigotski were the main references for the study of principles and practices, which underlie this research. Freire's thought and experience (1967, 1975, 1979, 1996, 1997) form the inspiration and the basis for reflection from the process of humanization: liberating and dialogical. The methodology used is characterized by the qualitative research, with source in the narratives of five hospitalized children. Three games that contemplate playful possibilities for the construction of narratives by children were used as instrument for pedagogical listening. Because this activity involves children, care and ethics are present in the various circumstances of this project, in order to preserve children from exposures and risks. Bogdan and Biklen (1994), Cruz (2008) and Oliveira-Formosinho (2008) were references to the methodology based on children's narratives in this work. Taking the children's point of view represents an experience of alterity, in this sense the collected data were organized in categories that express what the hospitalized children tell about school activities, attitudes, schooling and playfulness. The data analysis identifies in the activities narrated by the participating children the prevalence of a banking conception of education, meritocratic, unrelated to meaningful learning and indicates pleasures, attitudes and values that express experiences related to the playfulness and affectivity present in knowledge and learning that extrapolate the school environment. In elaborating their narratives, children affirm their condition as subjects and invite all of us to review the possibilities that the school can develop in order to concretize processes of humanization and transformation in everyday life.
Prevalência da fragilidade no contexto brasileiro e desempenho cognitivo de idosos não frágeis, pré-frágeis e frágeis
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-02-25)
Morais Fabrício, Daiene de
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Chagas, Marcos Hortes Nisihara
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7060083823888759
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6810591233211819
Introduction: The Brazilian population is aging rapidly, which, consequently, leads to an increase in frailty syndrome. Due to the related adverse effects and impacts for the aging individual, the syndrome has been the subject of studies by researchers in the area. Currently, the construct and definition of frailty are still not well established, which leads to discrepancies in the prevalence of frailty around the world and in Brazil. The inclusion of other components, besides the physical, in the conceptual construct of frailty may be one of the aspects that should be considered in this discussion, being the cognitive domain one of the most relevant. Cognitive impairment is one of the main problems affecting the health of the elderly population, and previous studies have evidenced a strong association between frailty and cognition since frail elderly individuals present worse cognitive performance. Thus, two studies were carried out with the following objectives: 1) to review Brazilian studies on the prevalence of frailty syndrome, considering the characteristics of the studied population and the screening methods used; and 2) to investigate differences in cognitive performance general and specific domains among the non-fragile, pre-frail and frail elderly. Method: To achieve the first objective, A systematic review was performed to achieve the first objective. The searches were conducted in the databases PubMed, Scielo, and Web of Science, using the following keywords: (prevalence or epidemiology) and frailty and Brazil. Forty-one articles met the eligibility criteria and were included in the review. In order to reach the second objective, a cross-sectional study was carried out. Two hundred and sixty-seven older adults living in the area covered by a Family Health Center in São Carlos, SP, were evaluated. The elderly were divided into three groups according to the criteria defined by Fried et al. (2001) (non-frail, pre-frail, and frail) using a self-reported instrument for each component of the syndrome. Cognitive performance was assessed with the following instruments: Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE), Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer's disease (CERAD), Brief Cognitive Screening Battery (BCSB), Similarity Test Cambridge Examination for Mental Disorders (CAMDEX) and digit extension test (direct and inverse order). A multinomial logistic regression analysis adjusted for age, gender and education was performed to evaluate the association between performance in cognitive domains and levels of frailty. Results: In the systematic review, the prevalence of frailty ranged from 3% to 74.1%, depending on the evaluation instrument used, on the region and population studied. Regarding cognitive performance, the frailty was significantly associated with lower scores in the MMSE (RRR = 0.86, p <0.01), memory of the CERAD word list (RRR = 0.92, p = 0.02) and recognition of the list of BCSB figures (RRR = 0.78, p = 0.04). Pre-frailty was associated with lower scores on the memory item of the CERAD word list (RRR = 0.92, p = 0.04) and on the Boston naming test (RRR = 0.82, p = 0.03). Conclusions: The results of these studies showed that the prevalence of the frailty syndrome in Brazil is discrepant. The standardization of screening methods for frailty could facilitate comparisons between studies in order to maximize and create intervention strategies, especially in a country with cultural diversity and regional disparities such as Brazil. Also, the frailty syndrome can impact general cognition and especially memory, learning, and naming. New prospective studies are critical in assessing the relationship between frailty and specific cognitive domains.
De lá para cá ou dos percursos que a diversidade sexual faz na constituição de uma política na UFSCar (2004-2016)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-02-25)
Vieira, Hamilton Édio dos Santos
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Reyes, Cláudia Raimundo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5187942717120318
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4637757709130649
This thesis presents the result of an investigation on the field of semantic significance of sexual diversity from institutional documents of the Federal University of São Carlos, through the interactional perspective of language, which takes place in and with social relations. Thus, it tried to observe the processes that constituted the senses of diversity and that crossed the statements constructed later in sexual diversity, having as sources of analysis the documents that the UFSCar produced in the last two decades. In order to show a reading of the course of meanings with which sexual diversity presented, contextualizing education and the role of university institutions when they crossed by discussions that touch on social segments that demand their specificities in the public space. This university chosen following a methodological strategy, when it was perceived that there is a permeated path in the discourses of the documents chosen to be located between 2004, when diversity appears the first time, until 2016, when sexual diversity gains its space, building an administrative organization not found in other federal universities. The hypothesis was that sexual diversity, before its chronological emergence in the UFSCar, took place in the discussion about diversity as a semantic field to think about the development of the university from 2004 on. Using the field of language to perceive the expressive and subjective side of the verbal and non-verbal signs in the production of the senses about sexual diversity was possible from a working method centered on the Indicium Paradigm. This form of investigative work focuses on the detail of the observation and allows searching for clues and evidences with which the researcher has the tools to observe for which paths these clues have walked and how much they indicate about the investigated object and a field of palpable answers presented. By the paradigm, it tried to value the specificity of the field with which the discussion about diversity and sexual diversity emerged, which was possible to conclude that theme sexual diversity cross by the symbolic construction of diversity and how this semantic field articulates the space of diversity in institutional policies. The research seeks to reinforce that language is above all a social production, is not neutral and intended among the singularities of different subjects. Through the register, that existence give, that is, the emergence of sexual diversity allows the materiality of life can be look at and function as an analytical category on how society deals in its public space with the specificities that it produces.
O processo de alta de crianças e adolescentes em CAPSij na perspectiva de terapeutas ocupacionais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-02-25)
Richter, Raíssa Herold Matias
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Cid, Maria Fernanda Barboza
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8595043315867424
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5253150668946525
Current health policies and guidelines have highlighted the relevance of a practice that is efficient, effective, and resolutive. This trend has been established throughout the Health Care Network, including the Psychosocial Care Network. Thus, a scenario is developed that calls for the expansion of the discussion about discharging processes, also in the services of mental health care for children and adolescents of Unified Health System (SUS). In the national and international literature, there is a shortage of studies that address the theme of the contribution of occupational therapy in the discharging process of children and adolescents in the field of mental health, as well as discharging processes in general. Thus, the objective of this study was to understand the children and adolescents’ discharging process at Child Psychosocial Care Centers (CAPSij) from the perspective of occupational therapists. For this purpose, a descriptive and exploratory field study was carried out with a qualitative approach. The target population consisted of 15 occupational therapists working at CAPSij in the city of São Paulo, with experience for at least one year. Data were collected through a semi-structured interview and analyzed using the Collective Subject Discourse (DSC) technique. The results of this study demonstrated how the discharge process of children and adolescents occurs at CAPSij, considering the aspects related to the understanding and use of the term “discharge” in this context, the description of how it happens, the reflection on its criteria and its challenges in practice; in addition to the perception of children, adolescents and families regarding the discharge process. It was also identified that the occupational therapists involved in this study participate in the discharging processes in the context of the CAPSij in which they work, either as a member of the multi-professional team or as a professional in the area of occupational therapy. It was observed that the contribution of occupational therapy in the discharging process is related to a more extensive and contextualized evaluation and analysis of the child / adolescent candidate for discharge, to the strengthening of the families, to acting as a technical reference of the users, to the work shared with the interdisciplinary team and the empowerment of the subjects for appropriation of the social spaces extra-wall CAPSij. It was found that the implementation of the technical reference function, the active participation of the child / adolescent / family, the articulation of the CAPSij with the intersectoral network, and the reflection about the concepts of "discharge" and "referral" in the context of child and adolescent mental health are determining factors for the process of discharging children and adolescents who experience psychic suffering to occur in an implicated, co-responsible and safe manner. Regarding the participation of occupational therapy in the discharging process, there was progress in relation to the actions of these professionals within the scope of the child and adolescent mental health, which have been highlighted in an expanded, concrete and contextualized way, in response to the current demands of this field. It is considered that this research was able to deepen the understanding and discussion about the discharging process, either approaching it in its specificities, or in its broader aspects, thus contributing both to the production of knowledge in the field of child and adolescent mental health as well as to health mental and occupational therapy.
Narrativas de pessoas surdas que apreciam a música
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-02-25)
Mathias, Mercia Santana
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Caiado, Kátia Regina Moreno
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0803778280883949
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8356605602053953
Several researches demonstrate the importance of music in people's lives. However, in the case of people with hearing loss, this argument is disregarded because there's still a consensus that it is impossible for those to enjoy the benefits of music. In Brazil, this subject has been discussed in the academic world since the 80's and it's just growing more and more, including the person with hearing loss into the possibilities of musical education. This qualitative and quantitative research intends to present the analysis of knowledge productions found in Portuguese on music and deafness. It also intends to present the narratives of people with hearing loss who have experienced music in varied contexts, and for different reasons. Based on the Historical-Dialectical Materialism, the methodological paths dialogue with the method of exposition, which are guided by the Systematic Review of Literature; Content analysis; Interviews and Oral History. Through interviewing and surveying the interviewee's profile, contexts of these people's experiences are revealed, not only in relation to music, but also considering all the analysis of other factors that, directly or indirectly, are subordinated in the existential context, can not be underestimated. Adults with different degrees of hearing loss participated in this study, with the majority of interviews being mediated by interpreters from Libras, specially hired for this stage of the study. Some interviewees work on institutional musical projects, others are students in music conservatories, and there's one interviewee who's a member of the orchestral body of a religious institution. Some of the interviews found in the first stage of the research, namely in the texts of the productions of knowledge, were taken for the present research, since they served to expand the analyzes of the narratives to formal educational contexts in the regular classroom of public schools. Data from the systematic literature review were organized for content analyzes, and later by Thematic Axes. The Thematic Axes from the knowledge production dialogues with the Thematic Axes of the analysis of the interviews, in order to better explore some of the many knowledge found in the texts, and obviously where there was confluence with the objectives of this research. The results show that those people with hearing loss interviewed for this researchenjoy music. One of the most convincing arguments is the fact that musical learning took place at the initiative of these people themselves. Also the fact that there is a translator / interpreter of Libras to mediate the teaching-learning process was determinant for the entry and success of those in musical contexts with listeners. The interviewees, based on experience, point to phenomena that indicate a peculiar form developed for the appropriation of music. Therefore, it is mainly a question of seeking answers to enable opportunities for people with hearing loss to process knowledge on another level that is totally meaningful and accessible. The results also point out that the condition of deafness is circumstantial, since it has direct relation with actions in the context of social policies of great impact, such as health care for pregnant women, children and adults, and specialized educational services.
Trajetórias dos professores e educadores sociais da cidade de Iguape – SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-02-25)
Melo Júnior, Arlindo Lins de
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Siems-Marcondes, Maria Edith Romano
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Caiado, Kátia Regina Moreno
The title “Trajectories of teachers and social educators caiçaras in the city of Iguape – SP” brings a reflection on the tasks of school education and non - school education in the rural education, considering the community caiçara. This research had the objective of analyzing the trajectory of teachers and social educators caiçaras in the city of Iguape - São Paulo. Was used the dialectical-historical materialism method. The study involved 12 participants: seven caiçaras teachers (school education) and five social educators caiçaras (non-school education), indicated by the Youth Association of Juréia. The instrument used for data collection was the semi-structured interview, and the data analysis was carried out from the theoretical-methodological assumptions of historical-dialectical materialism, creating three thematic axes: (a) the trajectories of the city's caiçaras teachers Iguape- SP; (b) the trajectories of the social educators caiçaras of Iguape - SP; and (c) relations of coexistence between teachers and social educators caiçaras in favor of the community. The results show through the speeches the contributions that social educators bring about the valorization of the cultural activities of the community itself. It was identified that the dialogues between teachers and educators, although conflicting at times, refer to a respect for the work done by the other and values the potential of their students to the detriment of their limitations.
Análise funcional de comportamentos estereotipados em indivíduos com deficiência visual
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-02-25)
Baston, Camila Aparecida Paris
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Elias, Nassim Chamel
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4216525883778695
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4014099010602763
The present study aimed to analyze stereotyped behaviors in individuals with visual impairment (blindness or low vision), since individuals with this diagnosis may also present these stereotyped behaviors. The theoretical foundation of this research is based on descriptive functional analysis through a registration protocol filled in multiprofessional appointments in a Clinical Hospital in the Subnormal Vision sector and in a Special Institution for the visually impaired. The implementation of this research, with the discussions of functional analysis, was given from the perspective of behavior analysis theorists. This study is descriptive and quantitative in nature. Stereotyped behaviors of six four-to-17-year-old participants with low vision or blindness were recorded. For each target behavior, antecedent events and consequences were recorded in a specific protocol. The results indicated that the stereotypes had the function of obtaining attention or escaping from demands. It is discussed, mainly, if the descriptive functional analysis is sufficient for the identification of these functions and it compares the results found with data of the literature of the area of visual deficiency.
Desempenho cognitivo e reconhecimento de expressões faciais das emoções com estímulos estáticos e dinâmicos em idosos com e sem depressão maior
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-02-25)
Bomfim, Ana Julia de Lima
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Chagas, Marcos Hortes Nisihara
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7060083823888759
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6536310576118767
Background: Depression in late life is associated with worse prognosis, a more chronic course and a higher rate of relapse compared to younger patients, and cognitive impairment, involving domains such as memory, attention and function executive. Moreover, individuals with major depression tend to interpret information considered imprecise in a negative light, which can exert a direct effect on their capacity to decode social stimuli. Objective: Two studies were developed with the following objectives: 1) to compare the cognitive performance and functional capacity in older adults with and without current major depression; 2) to compare basic facial expression recognition skills during tasks with static and dynamic stimuli in older adults with and without major depression. Methods: This is a cross-sectional, descriptive and analytical study based on quantitative research and the groups were matched for the sex, age and schooling. Older adults were selected through a screening process for psychiatric disorders at a primary care service. Psychiatric evaluations were performed using the criteria of the DSM-5. In the first study, 24 older adults with depression and 199 older adults without depression were selected and evaluated by the following instruments: Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), Brief Cognitive Battery (BBRC), Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer’s Disease (CERAD), forward and backward digit span test, similarity subtest of CAMDEX and World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule -WHODAS2.0. At the second study, twenty-three adults with a diagnosis of depression and 23 older adults without a psychiatric diagnosis were asked to perform two facial emotion recognition tasks using static and dynamic stimuli. Results: Statistic differences were found between the groups in the variable of functional capacity (p=0,009). No statistic differences were found between groups related to cognitive domains. In addition, the individuals with major depression demonstrated greater accuracy in recognizing sadness (p = 0.023) and anger (p = 0.024) during the task with static stimuli and less accuracy in recognizing happiness during the task with dynamic stimuli (p = 0.020). Conclusions: Older adults with major depression show impairment functional capacity. Likewise, the performance of older adults with depression in facial expression recognition tasks with static and dynamic stimuli differs from that of older adults without depression, with greater accuracy regarding negative emotions (sadness and anger) and lower accuracy regarding the recognition of happiness.
Caracterização da prática dos terapeutas ocupacionais em cuidados paliativos nos serviços públicos oncológicos de saúde no Brasil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-02-25)
Perilla, Viviana Marcela León
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Joaquim, Regina Helena Vitale Torkomian
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7719481657895650
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2136369629376568
Introduction: The occupational therapist (OT), by aiming to keep people with active participation in their daily lives, through the performance of activities that are significant to them, can compose the team of profissionals who work in oncological care and palliative care (PC). Oncological care, when combined with PC, produces better results than standard cancer treatment alone. Thus, it is essential to know deeply and systematize the performance of the OT in oncologic PC and its other constituent aspects. Objective: To understand how the insertion and performance of oncology in PC in hospital care is given to the oncologic population. Method: This is a quantitative-qualitative, exploratory study conducted in two stages: a) an online survey survey, and b) a multiple case study. For the first stage, an online questionnaire was used to collect data and, subsequently, a descriptive statistical analysis was carried out. In the second stage, different sources of evidence were used and triangulated (interviews, documentary consultation and electronic records) with subsequent cross-synthesis of the cases. Results: The first step was 18 OTs from three regions of Brazil (southeast, south and northeast), and in the second step, three OTs, randomly selected, one for each region. Sociodemographic characteristics, information about the work environment, the population attended and the profissional activities developed were identified. The findings of the 1st Stage showed greater insertion and consolidation of the practice of OT in PC in the Southeastern region, mean age between 25 and 45 years; predominance of the workload of 30 hours per week; in the outpatient care modality and in an advisory group of palliative care, in an interdisciplinary team. In addition, the prevalence of updating days, mostly involving action with adults and elderly with impaired functionality and physical symptoms, establishing objectives related to evaluation and therapeutic use of activities, preparation for the decline in health of the user at the end of life, emphasis on activities with meaning and significance in their day-to-day and recognition of the wishes of users for the establishment of therapeutic goals. In relation to the deepening obtained in the second stage, it was identified that the clinical/profissional reasoning is established to meet the physical, psychosocial, emotional and spiritual demands of the oncology population in PC, rescuing in its practice integrated actions to host the narratives, resignification of the life project, strengthening of bonds, as well as the optimization and maintenance of functional skills and occupational participation, and already to a lesser extent the facilitation of the process of leaving with the family. Within the obstacles, profissional training in the area was pointed out as insufficient specifically in the assessment, early attention and grief, and also in interdisciplinary work. Conclusion: it indicates the need to sensitize the interprofissional team about the potential of occupational therapy and its engagement in the creation of educational resources and profissional training in palliative care.
Desenvolvimento de potenciais metalofármacos de rutênio contendo 1,1’-bis(difenilfosfino)ferroceno e ligantes mercapto
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-02-25)
Macedo, Adriana Pereira Mundim Guedes
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Batista, Alzir Azevedo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6469642481998660
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7792856681114887
The antimetastatic activity, high selectivity and cytotoxicity in various human tumor cell line makes ruthenium (II) complexes attractive for the development of new chemotherapeutic agents for cancer treatment. In this study, six new ruthenium complexes with biological interest ligands of general formula [Ru(NS)(bipy)(dppf)]PF6, where NS = 2-mercaptothiazoline, 2-mercapto-1-methylimidazole, 6-mercaptopyridine-3-carboxylic acid, 4,6-diamino-2-mercaptopyrimidine, 6-methyl-2-thiouracil and 2-thiouracil, were synthesized. The complexes were characterized by molar conductivity, elemental analysis, infrared and UV / visible region absorption spectroscopy, 31P{1H}, 1H and 13C{1H} nuclear magnetic resonance, cyclic and differential pulse voltammetry, and some complexes, by monocrystal X-ray diffraction. The cytotoxic activity of the complexes was evaluated against different tumor cell lines and non-tumor cells, as well as the possible mechanism of action of these complexes against MDA-MB-231 cells. In addition, the interaction of the complexes with the biomolecules of HSA and DNA, and the inhibition of the enzyme topoisomerase IB, were evaluated. The results showed high cytotoxicity and selectivity for triple-negative breast tumor cell line (MDA-MB-231), with IC50 values in the range of 0.33‒3.78 μM. The cells percentage increase in sub-G1 phase of the cell cycle analysis, distinct morphological alterations and the increase in apoptotic cells labeled with Annexin-V show that apoptosis is the mechanism of cell death induced in MDA-MB-231 cell line after treatment with the complexes. Multiple targets of action were identified for the complexes, such as induction of DNA damage, mitochondrial depolarization with reduction of mitochondrial membrane potential, increase of reactive oxygen species levels and inhibition of Topoisomerase IB enzyme. In addition, antimetastatic activities were evidenced due by both cell migration and angiogenesis in CAM membrane model inhibition. The complexes exhibited strong interaction with HSA with Kb values in the range of 105‒107 and affinity for the IA site of the protein. The complexes showed electrostatic interaction with DNA. These results observed for the synthesized complexes present promising characteristics of potential anticancer drugs.