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Impasses e possibilidades do pensamento decolonial no ensino superior: o caso de uma universidade colombiana
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-02-28) Cruz, Denise Gonçalves da; Cruz, Ana Cristina Juvenal da; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6736396213946663; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8409495775520342
This master's research identify aspects that underpin the Biology Degree racial debate. "Francisco José de Caldas District University" is located in Bogota, Colombia. The investigation, called "Knowledge, research and curricular innovations in teacher education for ethnic-racial diversity in higher education: questions and contributions of ethnic-racial and cultural matrices, African and Afro-descendant knowledge" its linked to the Academic Development Program Abdias Nascimento, subsidized by the Coordination of Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (CAPES) in Brazil during the year 2018. the research was developed from analyzes of documents and interviews with the students aiming to identify if and to what extent,the university included in its curriculum of formation the contents referring to ethnic-racial diversity and, if so, these inclusions modified the formation offered.This data was producted by qualitative approach and using tools outlined by the methodology of Case Studies. The results allowed us to find elements to new discussions, and make it possible to rethink the degree in biology from a decolonial perspective. The investigations construction that intersect the relationship between biology and racial relations not only in Colombia but also in Latin America.
O ensino da agroecologia nas Escolas Família Agrícolas do Estado de Goiás: que agroecologia é essa?
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-02-28) Amaral, Ana Paula do; Bezerra, Maria Cristina dos Santos; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1095065753077001; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4121551988069003
This thesis refers to the problem of teaching agroecology in the Family Agricultural Schools (EFAs- Escola Família Agrícola) in the state of Goiás. In these schools, the pedagogical work is carried out under alternating conditions due to different times and educational spaces, combining a period of activities at the school and a period of activities at the rural property, generally known as the School Session and the Family Session, respectively. Based on the presumption that agroecology is increasingly present in these schools and in various spaces of the self-organization the working class, essentially as a critic for conventional agriculture and livestock, this work aimed to analyze its epistemological bases and the consequent implications in the process of youth formation in rural areas. It seeks to investigate the concepts of education and agroecology contained in the Political-pedagogical projects, in the Statutes of the supporting associations, as well as in the statements of pedagogical coordinators, directors, association leaders, technical professors and graduates of these EFAs. Thus, this thesis is able to explicitly demonstrate how agroecology is being constituted in these schools through the curriculum of the pedagogy of alternating locations and in what way these repercussions affect the formation of young people. The instruments used in this research include documentary analysis, interviews and field observations of farming and livestock practices carried out on the school properties and with the graduates interviewees. In addition, this thesis questions the possibilities of scientific appropriation and technique in the Integrated High School (Ensino Médio Integrado) Program through agroecology, especially given this moment of structural crises of the capitalist system. This thesis verifies the hypothesis that, regardless of the scientific advances in the field of agroecology, the way that it is interpreted by the subjects is philosophically approximated to phenomenological existentialism and pragmatism, which in most cases limits an understanding of reality as a concrete totality.
Diabetes não controlado como fator associado à dinapenia em pessoas com 50 anos ou mais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-02-28) Nebuloni, Clarice Cavalero; Alexandre, Tiago da Silva; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5393622641681701; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1646878631705037
Introduction: Epidemiological studies that demonstrate the association between diabetes and muscle strength (MS) classify individuals as diabetic or non-diabetic. Thus, is not known how such associations behave in undiagnosed diabetics (UD), controlled diabetics (CD) and uncontrolled diabetics (UCD), nor which glycated hemoglobin levels are associated with low MS. Objectives: 1) to analyze the association between UD, CD and UCD and low MS (dynapenia); 2) to analyze how the different grouping of these individuals can modify these associations and 3) to analyze the association between serum glycated hemoglobin levels (HbA1c) and MS. Method: Cross-sectional study with 5.290 ELSA participants 50 years of age or older. In the first two analyzes, logistic regression models were used, with dynapenia (handgrip strength (HG) <26 kgf in men and <16 kgf in women) as outcome and diabetes [non-diabetic (ND), UD, CD and UCD] as exposure. Finally, linear regression was used with HG as the outcome and the participants were classified according to HbA1c values as exposure. The models were adjusted for sociodemographic, behavioral and clinical variables. Results: Only UCD was associated with dynapenia (OR = 1.78, 95% CI 1.22 - 2.59). Joining UD and ND overestimated the association of UCD with dinapenia by 2.8% (OR = 1.83; 95% CI 1.26 - 2.67). Joining CD and UCD underestimates such association in 18% (OR = 1.46; 95% CI 1.10 - 1.93). Individuals with HbA1c between 7 and 8% and > 8% presented a mean reduction of HG of 1.86 kgf and 1.63 kgf, respectively. Conclusion: UCD are more likely to present dynapenia than UD. The different classification of individuals with diabetes modifies the associations between UCD and dynapenia. Individuals with HbA1c ≥ 7% had lower MS than those with HbA1c <6.5%.
Fatores de risco e intervenção para controle de sintomas musculoesqueléticos em trabalhadores – estudo de caso e overview de revisões sistemáticas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-02-28) Faisting, Ana Lucy Rodrigues Ferreira; Sato, Tatiana de Oliveira; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3456494998257229; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1604837309190395
Animal care workers are a group of workers that has not yet been studied in relation to the risk factors to which they are exposed in their work environment. Knowledge about these risk factors encouraged a case study and literature search on the effect of ergonomic training to reduce physical demand and musculoskeletal symptoms. Thus, two studies were developed. Study 1 is a case study that aimed to evaluate exposure to risk factors in the work environment of animal handlers. All available workers (n=11) were evaluated through questionnaires and observations of the work process. Study 2 is an overview of systematic reviews that aimed to identify the available evidence on the effectiveness of ergonomic training to reduce physical work demands and musculoskeletal symptoms. We found 42 systematic reviews that evaluated the effectiveness of ergonomic training alone or associated with other types of intervention in different population of workers. The results of Study 1 showed that animal handlers are exposed to several risk factors and have musculoskeletal symptoms. The risk factors identified in this group of workers were: inadequate postures used, manual material handling, excessive physical effort. These risk factors may be responsible for the symptoms in these workers, especially at shoulder, wrist, hand, back, hip, thigh, knee, ankle and feet. The review of systematic reviews conducted in Study 2 did not prove the effectiveness of ergonomic training for the prevention and reduction of musculoskeletal disorders, since the levels of evidence were low and moderate in most of the studies. Then, Study 1 identified the risk factors and musculoskeletal symptoms in animal handlers and Study 2 identified that the ergonomic training does not have sufficient background for its application.
Validade concorrente e confiabilidade para contagem de passos em indivíduos pós-acidente vascular cerebral da plataforma de monitoramento de atividades em reabilitação (MARe)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-02-28) Oliveira, Simone Garcia de; Nogueira, Samuel Lourenço; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2287847504423307; Russo, Thiago Luiz de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2755480908047791; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7438575394094808
Introduction: Sedentary behavior after stroke and physical inactivity increases the risk of recurrent stroke, with a major impact on the world economy, especially in low- and middle-income countries. Advancing in low-cost technologies to monitor physical activity can contribute to preventive actions and creation of more effective rehabilitation programs, reducing public expenditures with hospitalizations and treatment in this population. Objective: To evaluate whether the platform entitled Activity Monitoring in Rehabilitation (MARe) has adequate concurrent validity and reliability with the StepWatch (SAM) monitor and the video camera to quantify the number of steps in people post-stroke. It was also evaluated the percentage accuracy of the MARe platform for counting steps at different walking speeds compared to SAM. Methods: Twenty-four subjects post-chronic stroke used the MARe platform and SAM simultaneously while a video camera recorded the same activities during 10MWT and TUG. The number of steps quantified by the MARe platform during the functional tests were compared with those reported by the SAM and the video. Validity was analyzed by Friedman's Anova and Spearman's correlation coefficient and the reliability by the intraclass correlation coefficient and analyzes of the Bland-Altman graphs. The accuracy percentage was calculated for each device and plotted as a function of the walking speeds during the 10MWT. Results: The MARe platform showed high correlation values for step counts when compared to SAM (rs ≥ 0.884, p = 0.000) and video (rs ≥ 0.862, p = 0.000). There were no significant differences between the devices during the repetitions at the 10MWT in the comfortable speed (p = 0.670, 0.245 and 0.787) and fast (p = 0.438, 0.052 and 0.070) and TUG (p = 0.459, 0.385 and 0.121). The MARe platform also showed excellent agreement when compared to SAM in the 10MWT at fast and comfortable speed and in TUG (ICC3,k 0.948, 0.972 and 0.973, respectively) and when compared to video (ICC3,k 0.994, 0.999 and 0.991, respectively) with values within the limit of agreement in the analyzes of the Bland-Altman graph. A high percentage of accuracy for step counting of the MARe platform was observed at all speeds during the 10MWT when compared to the SAM. Conclusion: The MARe platform showed up valid and reliable for step counting, with a high percentage of accuracy at different walking speeds, in the post-stroke population.
Análise de sentimento multiclasse: uma abordagem com o uso de aprendizado de máquina
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-02-28) Santos, Allisfrank dos; Camargo, Heloisa de Arruda; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0487231065057783; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5684740301746085
In the globalized world, the analysis of data generated from the most varied sources, especially the textual ones, has become of great importance for the acquisition of knowledge and information. In this respect, the Internet and social networks make up the main textual database. The Sentiment Analysis is a form of data mining in text format, and the purpose of this type of analysis is to identify and / or analyze users' opinions about an entity or about sentiment related to various topics. Several researchers have used the Sentiment Analysis to understand user behavior through polarity, which can be separated into two or three classes. However, the challenge ahead is to find ways that go beyond the traditional classification and achieve a more real analysis of the expressed feelings, exploring t he idea of multiclass analysis (through emotional classes). Based on these facts, this paper aims to study aspects of the Sentiment Analysis related to the number of classes of emotions to be analyzed, as well as the representation form of the texts to be submitted for classification. For this, classic Machine Learning algorithms (SVM, kNN and Naive Bayes) as well as vectorization techniques such as TF - IDF and Word2Vec were used. The results show that a reduced number of classes allied to the use of Word2Vec as a textual representation method improves the classification result, especially with the use of the SVM classifier, obtaining an accuracy of 58.8% for the emotional base and 68.6% for the basis of polarity.
Impactos do manejo agrícola em perfis de latossolos e nos ambientes de produção de cana-de-açúcar
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-02-28) Prado, Thiago Antonio Basso do; Vitti, André Cesar; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7380614563603541; Soares, Marcio Roberto; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6337462438517339; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6156005927710964
The agricultural management influences soil chemical attributes and sugarcane productivity. Are the changes enough to affect the soil fetility and the soil chemicals pedologyc parameters to implies changes in the pedologyc classification and in the productive potential of sugarcane? It was proposed that the management improvement results alterations in soil fertility patterns, starting at surface layer in a short term and then reached to subsurface. The management improvement can make possible begin the soil fertility and increase the productivity. This study evaluated the agricultural management impact on sugarcane productivity patterns at Santa Izabel farm (better production environment) and Morumbi farm (worst production environment) from 1993 to 2018. To get informations about the farms, the pre-structured qualitative interview method was applied to the owner's farms. Many sugarcane management phases were identified from agronomic practices considered determinants for productivity changes. Different phases allowed the calculation of the average farms productivity and their statistical interpretations from the numbers of harvest in each phase. The results of productivity in each case and average values of Ca, Mg, K, H+Al, Al, SB, CTC, V(%), m(%), ph in CaCl2, PRES and M.O. from arable layer were examined by graphics as box-plot and submitted to variance analysis. When they were significants by F test (p<0,05), the means were compared by Tukey's test (p<0,05). The productivity at Morumbi and Santa Izabel farms were similiar during the III management phase. Were recognized changes in soil pedologic classification in 5 of 17 points analyzed at Morumbi farm. Chemical attributes at depth 0-20 cm as CTC (Santa Izabel), SB (Santa Izabel) and Mg (Morumbi and Santa Izabel) got critical level. starting the soil fertility. The main factors that contribuited to increase procutivity at Morumbi and Santa Izabel farms were season harvest and varietal allocation managements together with production environments improvements.
Cuidados paliativos em um hospital universitário: a percepção dos profissionais de saúde, gestores e docentes
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-02-28) Paiva, Claudia do Nascimento; Joaquim, Regina Helena Vitale Torkomian; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7719481657895650; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1476728128490720
The palliative care approach promotes quality of life of patients and their families when diagnosed with life-threatening diseases; it aims to control pain, relieve symptoms and the need for care in several aspects. Although the knowledge about palliative care has been growing among health professionals, there are still certain challenges for patients to have access to the dignified service to which everyone is entitled. The general objective of this study was to understand the perception and practice of health professionals about the approach to palliative care in a university hospital. As for the specific ones, they are related to the identification of practical aspects in the provision of palliative care, as well as to verify the training and contents on palliative care offered in the researched courses. The study was developed through field research; the participants were: members of the reference and matrix team, managers and teachers of the University Hospital of a federal university, totaling 37 professionals. A questionnaire was used as research instruments to collect personal and professional data of the participants and semi-structured interviews with questions related to the theme. The data were analyzed by means of content analysis technique in the thematic modality. There were different understandings among the participants, there are those who understand that palliative care should be offered from the diagnosis of an incurable disease, contemplating the completeness of care (biopsychosocial and spiritual dimensions), in addition to the total control of pain and symptoms, prioritizing measures of comfort, through a multidisciplinary team and others who correlated the care as exclusive to patients at the end of life. The participants described the practice of palliative care in the service as something unstructured that still needs to be reflected, planned and systematized to be effectively implemented. They also highlighted the importance of the theme in the training of students in the health area. It is concluded that there is a need to improve the care to patients in palliative care through the qualification/training of the team and management support.
Extensão Universitária no Brasil: a experiência formativa na área da educação da UFSCar
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-02-28) Gatti, José Paulo; Gomes, Luiz Roberto; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4768579559449929; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5716941330600296
The indissociability between teaching, research and extension as a principle of university identity is established by the Federal Constitution of 1988. However, the interlocution between these functions, as well as the understanding of the extensionist dimension, responsible for the university's relationship with society, still arouses different perceptions . In fact, it is linked to practices that serve business groups, sometimes linked to the local community by providing services, developing public policies in partnership with government agencies. It also welcomes the interests of groups and social entities with their demands, and supports scientific research. But how does it impact the training of academics? In ultraliberal times, where higher education must produce innovation and prepare competent professionals with knowledge, skills and attitudes guaranteeing versatility and mastery of new technologies, university extension is in line with proposals for practical training, applied research projects and provision services. In fact, the understanding of extension today is linked to the conception of university work, which has undergone significant transformations, following the changes of global capitalism since the end of the twentieth century. Currently the emergence of the World Class Universities represents a new paradigm for higher education. In view of this, this research investigates the participation of undergraduate students in university extension projects, in the education area of UFSCar. The question posed examines whether the formative character of the extensionist activities of graduation can guarantee the emancipation of the subjects, despite the general semiformative context, that reaches and submits to social reproduction. The starting hypothesis, considering the direction imposed by neoliberal policies and life increasingly reduced to the criteria of production and consumption, is that university education does not develop true consciousness. The analysis, in this sense, seeks to articulate categories of Critical Theory, such as: cultural semiformation, technical rationality, autonomy and true consciousness. For this, the research combines three distinct and interconnected studies, followed by a reflection based on the theoretical references adopted: first, a study of the identity of extension, its constitution over time and the place it occupies today in higher education; followed by an analysis of the extension organization at the Federal University of São Carlos and then the presentation of three extension projects in the area of Education. In the final sequence, the categories of analysis are retaken and detailed in order to verify the initial statements and to consolidate the investigations carried out. The conclusion, after going through this itinerary, is that the training developed by the university, to a large extent, is guided by neoliberal principles, aimed at the creation of technical skills and without commitment with a critical self-reflection about the actions themselves. However, university extension, articulating different interests and agents in its activities, has become a space of ambiguities and contradictions, which allows it, at least potentially, the estrangement of reality itself, its discussion and, consequently, the production of true consciousness.
Um passo de cada vez: conhecendo as unidades de medida através da sua história
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-02-28) Moraes, Fernanda Carpintero de; Sampaio, João Carlos Vieira; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8286887389013685; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9261383685902169
This work aims to incite the researcher inside students, encouraging them to utilize the History of Mathematics as a tool in order to improve the learning process. The theme considered in this research was presented in classroom, and it was elaborated accordingly to São Paulo Faz Escola program. The History of Mathematics was chosen to be used in order to the students create the concepts to be used, and understand the need of the transition to its moment and its importance to present days. A survey on Measurement Units was conducted, after this procedure, the survey data were socialized, then it was suggested that they measured objects and spaces at school and compared the results. At the end, there was a debate about data obtained during the activity and the students' knowledge and understanding about the topic was remarkable. The final debate was enriching for both the students and me as a teacher, because I could see the interaction and commitment to the content. I conclude that this activity responded to its objectives.
Aprendizagem da docência: o que revelam as trajetórias das professoras de educação infantil da rede municipal de Ribeirão Preto
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-02-28) Tosta, Tawana Domeneghi Orlandi; Souza, Ana Paula Gestoso de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2662760426985944; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5668607462537384
The goal of this research is to investigate how the learning of teaching of teachers who work in the Childhood Education of municipal network of Ribeirão Preto, Brazil, occurs. This investigative process sought: To know and analyze the life, education and professional trajectory of teachers who work in the Childhood Education; Identify and analyze the conceptions of continuing education that the teachers have and the formative demands manifested by the teachers. As a theoretical contribution, it is based on the concept of professional development, which includes teaching as a continuous process, which extends from student experiences to initial and continuing education. It is also understood that the childhood education has specificities that need to be recognized and considered in the formative proposals for teaching. This is a qualitative research from a biographical perspective of life histories. This research was carried out in a municipal school of childhood education in the city of Ribeirão Preto, Brazil. In this scenario, a questionnaire was applied with open questions to the teachers of the unit and subsequently three teachers were interviewed. The data collected allowed the construction of three axes of analysis: Student’s experiences and teaching career choice; Professional education and beginning of teaching; Conceptions and formative demands manifested by the teachers. After analyzing the data, it was verified that the learning of teaching in the Childhood Education of the participating teachers corroborates with the literature of the area of teacher education. It was observed that they learned how to be a teacher through personal and professional experiences lived as students, as mothers; mirroring or not their teachers; in initial education courses; observing and exchanging experiences with other teachers, with children; in lectures and distance learning courses, in workshops, in many other experiences. However, the conceptions of formation and the formative demands manifested by the teachers are in historical mismatch with the academic production. We identify that some formative demands manifested by the teachers are: courses that combine theory and practice; partnerships with other professionals; specific themes of childhood education, like caring for and playing; formation geared to the needs of each school; pauses, "breaths"; congresses and pedagogical fairs; dissemination of successful practices; group discussion of difficulties; autonomy to choose what to study; pedagogical education for other professionals working in the school; exchanges of experience between peers. May this text inspire other childhood educators to continue their studies, which will be essential in times of setbacks.
A visibilidade lésbica nas pedagogias do cinema
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-02-28) Paulino, Alessandro Garcia; Dinis, Nilson Fernandes; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9901790534758296; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7769900615782429
The present study focuses on the themes of gender and sexualities in the cinema, with the aim of analyzing the Brazilian cinematographic productions that approach in their narrative the lesbianities. The investigative paths conducted on this study led to a survey of films consulted on public domain repositories, and also the theoretical and technical works of the studies on the cinema were used to think how image pedagogies produce discourses on lesbianity. Nine (9) films from 2000 to 2016 were cataloged. These nine films selected went through the following new inclusion criteria: films that have lesbian narratives without some form of heterosexual amorous trios, or some type of male fetishization between the affective moments lived by the characters of the films, and films that present a lesbian protagonism or antagonism as part of the watched films. Through this process, the following two films were selected in the final stage of the research: Flores Raras (2013) and Como Esquecer (2010). The main hypothesis raised would be the invisibility and silencing of the lesbian character in Brazilian cinema because of the scarce production in the area. Finally, we obtained through analyzes of Flores Raras (2013) and Como Esquecer (2010) considerations about the perspective of visibility, in which the Brazilian cinema has established on the lesbianities a formula that conveys an exacerbated suffering of the characters as if the processes of resistance were extremely diffuse and complex mechanisms in the relations.
Sintomas musculoesqueléticos em trabalhadores com diferentes demandas físicas: influência do sexo e da idade
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-02-28) Cardoso, Viviane de Freitas; Sato, Tatiana de Oliveira; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3456494998257229; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0093888387165501
Musculoskeletal symptoms such as pain, tingling and numbness are due to non-traumatic inflammatory or degenerative processes that can lead in the long term to musculoskeletal disorders, which are among the main causes of sick leave in Brazil and worldwide. These disorders affect workers differently according to physical demands at work, sex and age. In this context, this study aimed to identify the prevalence of musculoskeletal symptoms in workers with high physical demand (HPD) and low physical demand (LPD) with analysis stratified by sex and age. A descriptive cross-sectional study with 900 workers from diverse sectors of the interior central region of the state of São Paulo, Brazil. Data were collected through a sociodemographic questionnaire and the Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire and analyzed comparing the groups with HPD and LPF with analysis stratified by sex and age. Prior to stratification the HPD group had a higher prevalence of symptoms than the LPD group for the shoulder, lower back and ankle / foot regions. After stratification regarding sex, the HPD group had a higher prevalence of shoulder symptoms in women and lower back in men and ankle/foot for both sexes. Younger workers in the HPD group showed a higher prevalence of symptoms, and among the older ones, both presented the same prevalence except for the neck region, whereas in the LPD group there was a higher prevalence of symptoms. Sex and age influence the symptoms reported by workers in both groups, especially in the LPD
A imagem na ausência: leitura de paisagens com figuras de João Cabral de Melo Neto
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-02-28) Joaquim, José Guilherme Pimentel; Martha, Diana Junkes Bueno; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1857520068239671; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6249456376881498
The assignment develops a reading of João Cabral de Melo Neto’s book Paisagens com Figuras (Landscapes With Figures) (1956; 2003) - firstly published in his collected works volume Duas Águas (Two Waters) -, seeking out to reconsider the relations between visuality and talk as another interpretation possibility for the concept of critical poetry in complement to the one established as metapoetry. In this sense, beyond a tension between to speak/to talk and to make, as points out João Alexandre Barbosa’s study A Imitação da Forma (The Imitation of Form) (1975), the poet’s work allows the reading of a tension between to see and to talk. The image’s and the metaphor’s arrangement in the poem involves not just a movement of “internal rectification”, as expose Luiz Costa Lima(1968), or “reflexive disassembling” proposed by João Alexandre’s concept of “Critical Metaphor” (1974), but it has an overlapping relation where the complex articulation between figure and landscape seems to create a dynamical spatiality movement in the poem accordingly as the figures interactions give us to see the landscapes, and the landscapes enable a new interaction of figures. This overlapping movement, concept lent from Flora Süssekind (1993), or articulation and interaction movement, occurs not just by the exposition of this images like in an assembly, but by narrative elements, recovered in Cabral’s readings of the Spanish literature tradition, that weaves and gives rhythm to that presentation in a tension between storytelling and exposition, concepts also proposed by Flora Süssekind, creating, in my viewpoint, a spatiality that, even with a propose of objectivity by the language concision and the non-directly lyrical subject enunciation, opens itself to an intersubjectivity experience between that one who present us the landscape, most of time not exposed, and us while spectators readers. To read the poem is to read the landscape as well, and in a structural dimension of this tension between storytelling and exposition is possible to note a historical convergence of middle-age Spanish poetry aspects, including the affinities with 27’ Generation, and modern aspects that had been object of poetical reflection in the works of João Cabral before 1950. This complex game that goes weaving itself during the book, involving figure and landscape, seems, however, to cease against the desert landscape from Brazil Northeast, in Pernambuco specifically, where the sterility is accentuated by the lack of image, word or talk that could nominates that landscape, paralyzing the eye when confronted by the incessant death reproduction led to extreme in the poems denominated Cemitérios Pernambucanos (Cemeteries in Pernambuco), where figure and landscape seems to lead to a tautological relation in which death and cemetery are indifferent one from another, they become an opaque object against we are not able to escape. “Ineluctable modality of the visible”, as affirms Didi-Huberman (2010) from James Joyce, that divides what we see from what look back at us.
Oscilação postural na condição de dupla tarefa durante atividade sentado para de pé em crianças com paralisia cerebral
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-02-28) Lima, Camila Resende Gâmbaro; Campos, Ana Carolina de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5292093208120940; Rocha, Nelci Adriana Cicuto Ferreira; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2035754554780009; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3685225233951929
The International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) is a guideline proposed by the World Health Organization that has as its premise the functionality of the individual, through a biopsychosocial model. According to this model, the health condition of the individual results from the interaction between the integrity of body structures and functions, ability to perform activities of daily living, social participation and contextual factors. In this sense, populations that present some type of disability benefit from a broader assessment. Among these populations, we highlight Cerebral Palsy (CP). CP is a health condition that causes permanent changes in posture and movement development, as well as secondary disorders such as sensory, cognitive, communicative and behavioral disturbances. The motor and sensory impairments present in these children also lead to a compromise in their functionality, evidenced by the deficits presented when performing daily tasks, such as reaching, maintenance of orthostatic posture and postural transfers, such as sitting upright (STS). Performed several times a day, the STS activity is an activity with high biomechanical demand, and it is limited in children with CP. The importance of this task for functionality, and the possible interrelationships of the ICF domains for the task to be carried out effectively, arose the motivation for Study I, entitled " Sit-to-stand movement in children with cerebral palsy and relationships with the International Classification of Functionality, Disability and Health: a systematic review”. This study sought to verify which dimensions of the ICF are taken into account when evaluating the STS activity, thus being able to elucidate which are the gaps in this field of knowledge. It was found that the domain of body structure and function is the most evaluated by the studies found, and the domain of activity and participation is the least studied. Although contextual factors were evaluated in most of the studies, few changes on the STS task were found. Since this activity is performed in various ways throughout the day, a gap in the literature has been found. In this sense, no studies that associate the STS activity with a secondary task were found. The accomplishment of two tasks simultaneously is present in several activities of daily life, and is denominated dual-task. Due to the necessity for integer organic systems in order to perform them effectively, the execution of dual-tasks may be impaired in populations with any neuromotor impairment, such as CP. Thus, the STS activity is performed often associated with a second task, but no study was found in literature evaluating this activity associated with a secondary task in children with CP. Thus, the motivation for study II, entitled "Influence of the dual task on postural sway during sit-to-stand movement in children with cerebral palsy". Children with CP and typical developmental, aged 5 to 12 years, were evaluated, and STS activity was assessed in association with the unimanual and bimanual motor dual-task and cognitive dual-task. To verify the effect of the insertion of dual-task, the postural control was evaluated through a force plate. The study showed that children with CP have higher postural oscillation to perform the STS activity than their typical pairs. However, the insertion of a dual-task required different motor strategies in children with CP, so that the activity could be performed effectively. Thus, the insertion of activities involving dual tasks must be inserted in the therapeutic plans and in the day-to-day of these children, allowing new strategies of postural control to be acquired for the accomplishment of functional activities.
Familiares ouvintes de sujeitos surdos: reflexões sobre suas interações comunicativas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-02-28) Cappellini, Michele Toso; Santos, Lara Ferreira dos; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7312070448044165; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4179003753838798
Subject of recent scientific research, the deafness is been noteworthy nowadays. However the wattled relationships between listening relatives and deaf people unfold an incipiently treated topic that needs further study. The family is the first and the nearest social group that the person keeps the most intimate relationship, and this relation to influence the global development of the person directly, affecting aspects such as language, tongue and the formation of subjectivity. Thus, the present research had as general objective to analyze aspects of a process of reflection beside listening members family of deaf subjects about their communicative interactions in home environment, based on the historical and cultural approach of Vigotski. The specific objectives were: to investigate the communicative interactions between listening relatives and the deaf person in the home environment; to contribute with the study about the sensitive instruments for the evaluation of face to face communication in different contexts and with different audiences; to analyze the contributions of the process of reflection together to the listening relatives of deaf subjects for their communicative interactions. Six families participated of the research and each family is constituted by listening members and a deaf person who is enrolled at a Public Municipal School which develops a Bilingual Inclusive Education Program. The methodological course consisted on three stages: at the first, to analyze the communicative interactions in the daily life of the families; then to accomplish a reflection process with the family members about these interactions – stage called advisory – and finally at the third stage, it was made a new analysis of the communicative interactions between listening members family with their deaf members, with the purpose of identify contributions of the advisory to the interactions. All the stages were filmed and guided by the instrument "Evaluation Scale of Oral Language in the Family Context (EVALOF)". As a result, we verified that the most frequent form of communication observed at the first stage of the research, was bimodal communication. There was improvement in the communicative interactions on all the families after the advisory, whereas the speeches became more structured in “Libras” and, consequently, there was the presence of the other members of the family involved in the learning of this language. The Scale has become a favorable instrument to conduct the observations in a home environment; and its the most relevant point is its use as a reflexive instrument for families. Some adjustments were proposed for the studied public in order to contribute with the researches in the area. Finally, the advisory process enabled to listen the relatives of the deaf person; this was essential to resignify their relationships with the deaf person and the “Libras”. This support must be and can be assumed by the Bilingual Education Institutions for Deaf providing partnership positive practices between the family and the school, as co-responsible for the constitution of bilingual subjects.
Memória científica e institucional: contribuições conceituais para a Unidade Multidisciplinar de Memória e Arquivo Histórico (UMMA) da UFSCar
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-02-28) Prado, Samanta; Costa, Luzia Sigoli Fernandes; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8110248272001369; Gracioso, Luciana de Souza; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4898201916360294; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1332604025531797
The safeguarding of scientific memory has been an increasingly worked issue in several institutions, and has received a growing focus of interest in the context of Brazilian universities. This work has as general objective to reflect on the elements that can support the proposition of - or complementation of the definition of what can be characterized as - a scientific and institutional memory within the Federal Institutions of Higher Education (IFES), with a view to at the same time, contribute to the conceptual complementation and validation of the proposal for the creation of the Multidisciplinary Memory and Historical Archives Unit (UMMA), Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar),created in 2017.The methodology adopted is an exploratory and descriptive one, based on a bibliographical and documentary approach. As theoretical foundations, we discuss: (1) the concepts of science, memory, scientific memory, with the theoretical contribution of authors such as Merton (2013), Kuhn (1994), Deleuze and Guattari, Morin (2005), Bergson (2010), Halbwachs (2006) and Le Goff (2003); (2) the areas of archivology, librarianship and museology, based on authors such as Araújo (2014), Ortega (2004), Otlet (1993), Litton (1975), Bellotto (2006) and Buckland (1991); and to understand (3) the specificity of a Memory Center in the university context, authors such as Camargo and Goulart (2015). As practical references, initiatives related to the safeguarding of scientific and institutional memory in a set of federal universities in the country are analyzed, as well as the project to consolidate the UMMA proposal at UFSCar. The research is expected to contribute to studies related to scientific and institutional memory in the context of UFSCar and in the university context in a broad way. As results we present some proposals elaborated in order to offer suggestions to complement the creation document of UMMA, as well as indicate possible paths for the future development of UMMA.
Aplicação de conhecimento léxico-conceitual na Sumarização Automática Multidocumento
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-02-28) Luca, Rejeane Cassia de; Di Felippo, Ariani; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8648412103197455; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1599276853975000
Automatic Multi-document Summarization (MDS) aims at creating automatically a single summary from a collection of texts on the same topic in order to provide an alternative way to deal with the massive amount of information on the web. Since such summary is often an extract (i.e., a summary composed of unchanged excerpts extracted from the source texts that convey the main idea of the collection), it is required the selection of the most important sentences of the collection. For sentence selection, there are superficial (linguistic or statistical), deep linguistic, and hybrid methods. Despite being less robust and more expensive, the deep methods produce extracts that are not only more informative but also have higher linguistic quality. Considering the promising results of lexical-conceptual methods in incipient MDS or in multilingual MDS surveys, we investigated 4 methods in monolingual MDS for Portuguese, which is based on the frequency the lexical concepts in the cluster for content selection. We selected CSTNews, a reference multi-document corpus in Portuguese, whose verbs and 10% of the most frequent nouns are annotated with their correspondent synsets from Princeton WordNet. Specifically, we selected 5 clusters from the 50 in CSTNews, and extended the conceptual annotation to all nouns. Then, we applied 4 methods to the 5 clusters (i) LCFSummN, based on simple frequency of nominal concepts in the cluster, (ii) based on simple frequency of nominal and verbal concepts in the cluster, (iii) based on weighted-average for nominal concepts, and (iv) based on weighted-average frequency for nominal and verbal concepts. We intrinsically evaluated the extracts generated by each method regarding linguistic quality and informativeness. When compared to a deep state-of-art MDS method for Portuguese, the results of our investigation show the good performances of the lexical-conceptual methods.
Proteína de soja como aditivo na sacarificação enzimática da biomassa vegetal: desenvolvimento e análise tecno-econômica do processo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-02-28) Brondi, Mariana Govoni; Farinas, Cristiane Sanchez; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9933650905615452; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2753123048179923
The implementation of the biochemical conversion process of lignocellulosic biomass into biofuels and other bioproducts still have some technological challenges to be overcome, such as low yield of the enzymatic hydrolysis step and the high cost of cellulolytic enzymes. Among the strategies to increase efficiency of biomass enzymatic saccharification, the use of additives has shown positive effects, since they decrease unproductive adsorption of cellulases in the lignin, reducing loss of enzymes in the process. However, the use of low-cost additives is necessary to make the process economically feasible. Thus, the present study evaluated the use of soy protein as an additive to reduce unproductive adsorption of enzymes during the enzymatic hydrolysis of sugarcane bagasse. In order to achieve this objective, initially, a statistical experimental design methodology was used as a tool to optimize the solids loading and soy protein concentration, setting these variables for subsequent steps of this study at 15% (w/v) and 12% (w/w), respectively. The time profile for glucose release using different enzyme loads allowed to stablish a loading of 10 FPU/g of bagasse and it also showed that it was for the hydrolysis time of 24 hours that soy protein was more effective in relation to the control (hydrolysis without additive). The saccharification of the liquid hot water pretreated sugarcane bagasse at these conditions allowed to increase the amount of glucose released in the process by up to 26%. This condition was validated during the hydrolysis in a 0.5 L reactor, which represents conditions more similar to the industrial reality. Assays performed with the soluble fraction of soy protein and its association with the surfactant Tween 80 showed that it was possible to reduce considerably the additive concentration used in the hydrolysis and still have similar or higher gains than those obtained by 12% (w/w) of soy protein. The physicochemical characterization of the biomass-additive interaction performed by FTIR and by the elemental nitrogen analysis, as well as the verification of the effect of soy protein on the activity and stability of the enzymatic cocktail indicated that the additive, besides reducing the non-productive adsorption between enzymes and lignin, also has a positive effect on the stability of the enzymes. Transversally to these experimental activities, a methodology developed by the LaDABio/UFSCar was used to analyze the reverse techno-economic feasibility of the process, allowing the definition of performance targets within the context of an integrated biorefinery of 1G-2G ethanol, in order to make it economically feasible. This analysis showed that, in order to allow techno-economic feasibility of the use of soy protein in the context of 1G-2G biorefinery, the conversion provided by the additive should be increased and the enzymatic load reduced. In addition, working with 12% (w/w) of protein in the hydrolysis reactor had an interesting result. It led to an increase in the NPV (Net Present Value) of the process, due to the increase in the amount of electric energy generated by the plant due to the burning of the protein in the boilers.
Caracterização socioeconômica e estudo da valoração dos quintais rurais no município de Marituba, PA
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-02-28) Silva, Josiane Santos da; Santos, Marcos Antônio Souza dos; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1517009704490133; Marjotta-Maistro, Marta Cristina; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3987280258617095; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6683581224824492
In the context where one can perceive the great clusters of cities problems related to reduced space, urban swelling, environmental degradation; pollution of soil, water and air, and social problems of income and food distribution, insecurity and unemployment, we seek alternatives that generate a new profile for urban and / or peri-urban areas. In this context, Urban Agriculture is the theme of study of this dissertation, practiced in the backyards of the municipality of Marituba, State of The general objective of the research was to characterize the productive yards in the municipality, as well as valuing its economic, environmental, social and cultural services. O specific objectives were focused on observing biodiversity in backyards; socio-economic profile of the farmers and to investigate how they contribute to for reproduction of the family unit; identify and characterize their relationships with the capital, Belém, and neighboring municipalities, with the intention of knowing their main obstacles to trade in agricultural products and which crops are produced in the yards, thus permeating possible Public Policies that value and family and urban and peri-urban agriculture in the region. The methodology was used to collect data through a questionnaire in 22 quintals. of the sample was based on the Snowball sample format or "Snowball". The Method of Contingent Valuation was used for the study of the valuation of yards, based on in the Acceptable Disposition (DAA). Through a descriptive analysis of the data, it was observed that farmers are aging, however, with few income options, even in the case of retirement and / or other government benefits, mainly due to the lack of access to information. Another result concerns the low frequency of sustainable practices carried out by the producers, which may be an indication of the precarious participation of environmental institutions or of technical assistance in the daily life of the interviewees. The valuation of productive yards simulated an AAR of R $ 2,460.00, which may be justified by the fact that a fixed income is obtained, since the farmers are aging and have difficulty receiving the retirement aid. household income. Considering the results of the research and based on the presented scenario, the social and economic importance of the backyards for the municipality studied is perceptible and, therefore, future works that contribute to the regional development are indicated, through researches involving the study of the urban and / or periurban agriculture relations and their impacts on city food, in order to verify the nutritional influence of productive farms and the impact of the intensive use of pesticides and the landfill in this context.