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A produção residencial por empresas privadas: sua influência no território urbano de São José do Rio Preto/ SP de 2000 a 2015
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-04-02) Lisbôa, Cristian Roberto Nazareth; Castro, Carolina Maria Pozzi de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2178910002833930; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6793401519214462
The present work shows a study regarding the private residential real estate production by companies and its influence in São José do Rio Preto-SP urban morphology. The research is a product of primary data gathering, acquired with the county, and its analysis. Such data consists in licensing derived from certificates of occupancy issued to company made residential buildings from 2000 to 2015. The research discusses how the growing implantation of private residential real estate enterprises, aimed to diverse social strata, has provoked changes into the housing provision structure, both new and consolidate areas value increase, the growth of urban voids and the city’s spreading. The work shows that there has been an expansion-retraction cycle and that the expansion apex occurred in 2012, but that there has been successive retractions of the productive volume in the following years. In what regards the urban mesh, initially this production spatialization happened foremost at the south and east county areas. Although, later, it converged into the north area creating considerable impacts in that area’s real estate excessive price increase. During this process, it was also verified the open capital companies important participation in the housing provision structure analyzed, as well as a forged partnership between the county public power, the incorporation capital and the real estate entrepreneurs.
Dimensionamento e sequenciamento de lotes no segmento de eletrodomésticos de linha branca
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-04-02) Bergamini, Fernanda Paula; Munari Junior, Pedro Augusto; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1328868140869976; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1955261130389344
In this work we address the optimization of the production of household appliances in a white line segment. The main characteristics of this production process are maximum number of lot breaks per time period; production lines in parallel and with different speeds that vary according to the type of product; the multiple capabilities with multiple product models; and capacity constraints in the manufacturing process and availability of productive hours. Such characteristics are motivated by the real case of a company that operates in the white line segment. We investigate new optimization models to represent the problem of sizing and sequencing of production batches for the white line segment, in order to minimize the processing time of the production and reduce the amount of batch fractionation in production, meeting the demand request. The decisions are treated independently, due to the complexity of the actual situation studied. The results of computational tests with instances based on actual data show that the proposed optimization approaches, both for the production batch sizing and for the sequencing of these batches, presented good solutions for the case under study. In the experiments carried out, it was possible to reduce the processing time of the production, which was the main objective, besides the opportunity to gain productivity with the implementation of the models proposed. It should be noted that the motivation for this work arose from a difficulty of the company to meet the scheduled delivery. To solve this difficulty, the executive board decided to create a collaboration between the factory and the university to find an adequate solution strategy. Thus, this work also allows the reduction of the gap between theory and practice through a real case study, contributing to the approximation between academia and industry.
Avaliação química da qualidade de couros e efluentes de curtume
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-04-02) Braz, Carlos Eduardo Mendes; Nogueira, Ana Rita de Araújo; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7034773971317045; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1605378953053890
For the transformation of animal skin into leather, a stable and not putrescible material, various chemicals are used to produce a material with good quality and appearance. Because it presents low cost and generates high strength product, Cr(III) is the main tanning agent used in leather processing. However, it is toxic, mainly in the oxidized form (Cr(VI)). The environmentally friendly alternative is the use of tannins (synthetic or vegetable), replacing Cr(III). Regardless of the tanning process, it is important to evaluate the quality of the leather produced and the generated waste, whose characteristics must be known for treatment or reuse. Thus, this thesis aims to evaluate the quality and thermal stability of sheep hides of different genotypes tanned with Cr(III) or tannin; the proposition of models for assessing the quality of bovine hides by combining near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) with physic-mechanical data; and the development of procedures to determine the inorganic constituents in the final product (leather) and in the effluents generated during the tanning process. The influence of the genotype and the type of tanning, chromium or tannins, on the physical-mechanical properties and thermal stability of sheep hides, was evaluated with the aid of Principal Component Analysis (PCA). The results indicated a more significant influence on the type of tanning than those related to the genotype of the animals. Chromium-tanned leather is more stable thermally when compared to tanned leather, but this difference occurs only at temperatures above 250 °C. Differences were also observed in the direction that the physical-mechanical test was performed, longitudinal or transverse to the cephalous-caudal axis caused as a function of the way in which the collagen fibers are elongated during the physical-mechanical test. The combination of NIRS associated with chemometric tools was used in the construction of classification models to predict the quality of bovine hides from physical-mechanical data, such as tensile strength, elongation, and resistance to tear and tear two legs. The mean accuracy obtained with different models (kNN, SIMCA, and PLS-DA) was 88%. For the determination of chromium present in hides, the preparation of samples using acid digestion and alkaline solubilization with tetramethylammonium hydroxide (TMAH) were developed. The analyses were made by microwave-induced plasma optical emission spectrometry (MIP OES). Samples of bovine, sheep, and goat hides were analyzed after digestion, according to the best conditions previously defined by experimental design, and the results were not statistically different (t-test) in both procedures used. Strategies for the preparation of samples of tannery effluents to determine the elements foreseen in the legislation (CONAMA 430/2011) were evaluated in a system of UV and H2O2 radiation and determination by MIP OES. Different analytical techniques were applied to evaluate the quality of leather and effluents of the tannery and are adequate, both from product quality and for the evaluation and proposal of treatment of the generated waste.