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"Maria que me ensina a ser mulher": religião e gênero no Santo Daime
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-04-03) Benedito, Camila de Pieri; Souza, André Ricardo de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7016915324466152; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6114351330180363
This thesis is the result of the ethnography performed in the Céu do Gamarra, a religious community of Santo Daime located in the city of Baependi, in south Minas Gerais. Seeking to interpret how gender discourse develops in the community, the research explored how the "feminine" and "masculine" categories are constructed and then observed that they are conceived like essences, in opposition and complementarity, definiyng religious and daily practices of affiliates and affiliated. The construction of this discourse is related to the religious matrices that underpinned the formation and development of the Santo Daime, as well as the historical context that surrounded it. Particular emphasis is placed on devotional centrality to the Virgin of the Conception, a centrality originated from her apparition to the founder Raimundo Irineu Serra. Mary is considered the quintessence of the feminine and, therefore, an archetype to be followed by earthly women, then protagonists of the domestic universe, of sacred and natural motherhood, and the ideals of care and suffering. The thesis also observes how from this polarity also emerges a conception of sacred marriage between the "feminine" and "masculine" forces, which punctuates a heteronormative discourse that values the heterosexual, nuclear, and reproductive family. The research was developed theoretically-methodologically based on the intersection between religion and gender, covered the bibliography on the ayahuasca field, ethnographic immersion, the study of Santo Daime’s liturgical material, semi-structured interviews with leaders and affiliates of the religious community and formulation of content for the community’s website.
Cinética de liberação de clorexidina em nanocompósito de magnetita e quitosana
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-04-03) Mendes, Ana Paula Pais; Camargo, Emerson Rodrigues de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7720754304065239; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9285279604051301
Nanocomposites are used in several fields of knowledge, including nanomedicine. They are used as drug carriers because of their biocompatibility and biological activity, with possible antimicrobial activity. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of magnetic nanoparticle insertion on a chitosan polymer matrix as carriers of antimicrobial antibiotics. The chitosan suspension was prepared by solubilizing it in 2% acetic acid under constant magnetic stirring at room temperature for 24 hours. The colloidal suspension of magnetite (Fe3O4) was supplied by the company nChem, São Carlos (Brazil). The nanocomposites were prepared in a simple mixing process. Chlorhexidine was added to the nanocomposites under constant magnetic stirring at room temperature. The nanocomposites were obtained as expected and reproducibly. The magnetite nanoparticles were recovered by chitosan and the homogeneous incorporation of the drug into the polymer matrix. The data obtained in the drug release tests were analyzed at foiur different temperatures and it was concluded that the magnetite-chitosan system releases chlorhexidine during the first 2 hours until reaching 60% release by the method described by Krosmeyer-Peppas. After the 2 hours of release, another model goes on to describe the release, the Higuchi model.
Princípios da termodinâmica e mecânica: motor térmico de elásticos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-04-03) Pereira, André Luiz; Souza, James Alves; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2212240621620011; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8365336780915198
Teaching physics has always been a challenge for teachers. It is usually based on expository lessons and application of mathematical formulas, providing only a process of memorization of contents and resolution of exercises aimed to college admission exams. In this perspective the students usually do not see much use in studying Physics, by further worsening the scenario for lecturing and learning Physics. One of the most widely studied methodologies for Physics teaching is the experimentation. Although scientific experiments attract the attention of students, it is almost not applied in the classroom, either for lack of time to check the capabilities of the experiment or lack of proper space to perform the activities. Motivated by a group of students with below-average grades in a private high school in Campinas city, São Paulo state, we developed in this work an educational product in which we consider both theoretical classes and demonstrative experiments in a complementary way. Our mainly objective is to make Physics learning more effective by providing a better student-teacher interaction. Using the investigation as the procedure conducted in the experimentation the student can play an active role in the process of knowledge construction with the teacher as a mediator. Two experiments were set up for this purpose: a pendulum made of rubber band and a massive weight, which was used to show the anomalous dilatation of rubber, and the rubber band heat engine, cited by Richard Feynman in his lectures, to show how a heat engine works according to the laws of Thermodynamics and Mechanics. With these experiments we worked many concepts such as heat, thermal expansion, the laws of Thermodynamics, heat engines, torque, center of mass and many others. Our proposal was successfully applied. The students were motivated for attending the classes, questioning and creating hypotheses through the supervision of the teacher, showing that the methodology used is promising to improve students' motivation and performance in Physics classes.
Nas margens da presença: a questão do logos em Merleau-Ponty
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-04-03) Andrade, André Dias de; Moutinho, Luiz Damon Santos; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9475267722538751; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1235964081876620
This thesis establish the infrastructure of logos in philosophy of Merleau-Ponty. Firstly we approach de structural aspects of perceptual logic to, utterly, confront this with a general reformulation of sense based on the notion of structure and the development of a new version off phenomenological logos. The research has three fronts that provide a elucidation fr the problems of sense, time and motion. Firstly, we reconstruct the question based on the project of a philosophical rehabilition of perception – called “qualitative turn” – wich has to be conceived as a theory of sense. Secondly, we critically read this fenomenology of percepton and the ideia of “presence” underlying its logos. We show that de descritive and genetical approach of perception, though is based on the disscovery of a eminently positive meaning for the sensorial self-oganisation, it dos not touuch a reconfiguration of logos such as estabslihed by transcendental phenomenology. Finally, we deal with the discovery of a new notion of sense, as “difference”, wich confer autonomy to the logos regarding conscience, besides enabling a new treatment to phenomenality. The broader consequence thiss philosophy is that it renounces to treat logos from a view that corresponds to the “phenomenology of presence”, and só circunscribe it to a “phenomenology of difference” whose constituiton is here desccribed.
A percepção da segurança cicloviária em cruzamentos urbanos não semaforizados
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-04-03) Diniz, Claudinei Moreira; Ferreira, Marcos Antonio Garcia; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2643134259454260; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6890747483766944
The increasing number of traffic related accidents has transformed streets into a chaotic environment in terms of safety. In this chaotic environment, cyclists are forced to take their daily commute while being one of the most vulnerable road users. They face several challenges such as the lack of dedicated infrastructure for cycling. This often causes feelings of insecurity in the cyclists, which is considered by several authors as one of the main barriers against riding bicycles in urban commutes. The higher number of traffic conflicts and greater probability of accidents at intersections intensify this feeling of insecurity. Accordingly, the aim of this study is to analyze the cyclist's safety perception at non-signalized urban intersection, with or without cycling infrastructure. To do so, an online survey was used to collect data regarding the perception of safety for 14 different scenarios of traffic conflicts at non-signalized intersections. A total of 458 responses were collected, which were analyzed by descriptive and inferential statistical techniques, and by the application of Ordered Logistic Regression (OLR) of Proportional Odds. Results indicated a tendency to perceive conflicts at intersections with shared lanes as the most insecure scenarios for respondents`, while intersections with cycling track in the median as the safest. Conflicts in scenarios with car driver approaching behind the cyclist and turning right or left are identified as the most insecure scenarios. The OLR calibration indicated that the following variables are significant in explaining safety perception: type of infrastructure and conflict, intersection illumination, pavement markings and signalization, gender, age, driver’s license possession, and type of bicycle user (utilitarian, leisure, and non-cyclists). In conclusion, the objectives proposed were accomplished and results can contribute to the understanding of road safety for cyclists, especially in developing countries.
Acessibilidade e saúde bucal: itinerários terapêuticos de usuários do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) do interior do estado de São Paulo (SP)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-04-03) Freitas, Lúcia Sabrina de; Figueiredo, Wagner dos Santos; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5780408703746760; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8954757380324834
The present study aimed to investigate how the accessibility to oral health services occurs in two municipalities in the interior of the São Paulo State (SP), using the therapeutic itineraries (called as ITs) as theoretical-methodological reference. Municipalities of Ibaté and São Carlos were chosen, since both are part of the same Regional Management Collegiate (called as CGR Coração), being that, in the process of health regionalization, the Center of Dental Specialties of São Carlos city is a reference for the Ibaté city. Twelve health units participated of this study, being six Basic Health Units (called as UBS) and six Family Health Units (called as USF). Twelve users were interviewed. The data collection was made from a semi-structured interview, a field diary and a non-participant observation. Users of different age groups were interviewed, and in all ITs, the trigger for care search was the perception of an installed problem. However, there was a variation in this trigger according to age, i.e., the dental pain was the trigger for the younger persons, whereas the need for prosthesis was the trigger for middle-aged adults and elderly persons. Five users had systemic diseases: one renal transplant, one with Parkinson’s disease and three with diabetes mellitus and hypertension. In addition, two users were pregnant. No interviewed user correlated their general health with oral health, even with all the efforts of Dentistry to prove the influence of oral diseases on the systemic diseases. The accessibility barriers found in this study were related to those of an organizational, economic and sociocultural nature. The obstacles originated in the entrance of the health services were the scheduling of the first dental consultation and emergency care, both were through the spontaneous demand attendance with the criterion of order of arrival in all units evaluated and with small differences between UBS and USF. On the other hand, the post-entry obstacles were the consultation scheduling in the dental prosthesis specialty, the difficulty in returning to the treatment after a lack and specialized scheduling only in a private clinic. The economic barriers referred to the financial difficulty to access the treatments in private clinics and the impossibility to perform the treatment in the health unit to avoid losing the work day, whereas the sociocultural barriers consisted in the understanding of the public health system as a place for the treatment of people who do not have money to pay for the private, as a favor of the State and, therefore, as a system that cannot receive complaints and improvements. Thus, despite the considerable increase in the supply of oral health services provided by National Oral Health Policy in order for the population has accessibility to these services, it is necessary the reorganization of the work processes developed in the health units so that the integrality to health is the north of oral health practices, besides of the need for humanized care.
Professora cantante, artista mulher: um diálogo entre feminismo, música e educação
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-04-03) Rocha, Karina Paiva; Lombardi, Lucia Maria Salgado dos Santos; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5697508831302188; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2348972208490178
This research aimed to understand the project called Girls Rock Camp Brasil, which is a camp developed with girls between 7 and 17 years old in the city of Sorocaba, in the interior of São Paulo, knowing its contributions to the education of girls. The interest in this theme was born from the author's interest, as a Pedagogy student and singer, in creating interfaces between the fields of Education and Music, having the culture of feminism as an idea that permeates both, with values of equality and respect. Considering that the research addresses bibliographic analysis of non-formal education, music and feminism, its theoretical foundation sought to handle these matters. It had as main authors: Silva e Costa (2018), Alves e Pitanguy (1981), Beck e Guizzo (2003) and Brandão (1981) to understand feminism; Perosa (2006), Sapaterra (2012), Pimenta e França (2013) and Uriarte (2004) to understand how the education of girls happened and the music’s role in the Brazilian context; lastly, for reflecting about the music’s contribution to the transformation of society, including to feminism and to female emancipation, Vanda Bellard Freire (2010), Borges e Paz (2015), Sossmeier e Parizotto (2013), Saraiva (2013), Martins (2013), Araújo e Monastérios (2011), Gelain e Amaral (2017), Ribeiro et al. (2012) and Facchini (2011) were used. The results confirm that the camping promotes a field for reflection and transformation of the girls, allowing a fortification of their self-esteem, empowerment, as well as a greater union between them. In addition, it reveals that the camping helps the school environment where the girls are inserted, by collaborating with ideas of breaking the culture of sexism and encouraging mutual respect between boys and girls.
Construção de material didático para o ensino de Física para alunos com deficiência visual
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-04-03) Kauvauti, Bruno Terra; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6390725197649567; Cruz, Tersio Guilherme de Souza; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0705292304279277; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8920510756124949
The present work aims to present a didactic material for the Physics Teaching focuses on students with visual deficiency in common classrooms. The method adopted is summarized in the high-relief models based on illustrative images of the supporting curriculum book of the State of São Paulo. The use of adaptations of images in high-relief models is not new, but the work developed in this dissertation differs from others consulted so far, as it presents an application model for high-relief models in common classroom. In relation to learning theory, we are based on the theory of Ausubel. We observed that inclusive education is not an easy task to perform, since there are many other existing obstacles in this process, among which we highlight: the difference in levels of learning among students in the same classroom, the lack of support for students with visual impairment (instrumental, environmental and social) and the lack of training for Physics teachers in the specificity of the student with visual impairment. However, the present work does not intend to solve this situation, but rather to collaborate in raising awareness of teachers, so that they can improve their didactics in respect to Physics teaching for students with visual impairment. We believe that these models have demonstrated that it is possible to achieve the expected objectives, since, among the students who kept track on the activity and participated in it until the end of the process, there were reports that the models (tactile-visual models) allowed a better comprehension of the physical concept and a better development of classes.