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Um estudo cenográfico da “ciência” divulgada na revista Pesquisa FAPESP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-04-18) Delege, Marina; Salgado, Luciana Salazar; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5206927424265495; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7824381601792176
This research investigates the meanings attributed to the word “science” in discourses of scientific divulgation the way it is built on an important communication device: Pesquisa FAPESP magazine. It is seen, here, as a mídium (DEBRAY, 2000): a vector and value that allows to identify one formative matrix, the FAPESP – Foundation of support to research of São Paulo state, because it is an editorial object tailored for results communication obtained by one of the largest research sponsoring agencies of Brazil, as it mobilizes 1% of the state of São Paulo’s tax revenue per year and e.g. disbursed R$1,058 billion for supporting 24.026 research projects in 2017, according to the activities report published by FAPESP in edition n. 270 on August 2018. Our corpus is constituted by the first 270 editions published, which includes all editions published between August 1995 and August 2018. To employ a descriptive listing of all editions aiming to map the genesis of such discourse, looking after meanings attributed to the word “science” present in scientific divulgation done by Pesquisa FAPESP magazine, we used the theoretical precepts of French Discourse Analysis as foundations, specifically the theory of enunciation scenes proposed by Maingueneau (2008a), which contributes towards comprehending of textualized discoursivization on Pesquisa FAPESP magazine, since it approaches the textual surface in which the discursive regime employ its values and powers.
Alienação parental: revisão conceitual e comparação do conhecimento de profissionais e estudantes de psicologia
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-04-18) Gama, Viviane Dutra; Williams, Lúcia Cavalcanti de Albuquerque; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6962646759651464; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9417498325075251
There is no consensus on the literature regarding the definition of Parental Alienation (PA), fact that hinders the measurement, assessment and research of the phenomenon. Despite that, Brazil has a law that punishes the practice of alienation although this phenomenon is not well documented on academic circles yet. Considering the conceptual frame on PA and its specificity in the Brazilian context, the present study had two main goals, presented in two articles: 1) to propose an operational definition of the PA concept based an a ten-year systematic literature review, and 2) to investigate the knowledge of Psychology students on PA and to compare their answers in simulated alleged PA cases with the answers from psychologists. The search was conducted on 5 databases and 339 articles were found. Sixty-three papers were analyzed considering the definitions and use of PA and Parental Alienation Syndrome (PAS), authors’ attitudes towards PAS and recognition of PA as a modality of psychological abuse. Additionally, analysis and functional classification of parental alienation strategies mentioned on the articles was conducted. From the literature reviewed, Parental Alienation can be defined as a modality of psychological violence or abuse perpetrated against the child by a parent, caretaker, or family member, in which the behaviors emitted by the alienating member have the function of showing hostility and/or estranging the child from the alienated part. Ninety-one Psychology students participated on the research that involved collecting empirical data. Participants answered an online survey that assessed their familiarity with the PA concept, factors considered important and procedures they would use when conducting PA assessment. In addition, vignettes containing PA simulated cases were presented. The number of professionals who answered the vignettes varied between 42 to 58 and their answers were previously collected and registered on a database. In terms of students` knowledge, the results indicated that 72.5% of them reported to be familiar with the PA concept. Students were more accurate in evaluating the vignette involving a possible PA case, while professionals evaluated the case where PA allegations occurred simultaneously to sexual abuse allegations in a more accurate way. Given the reported results, one may conclude that the field of PA is characterized by strong conceptual divergences. As a consequence, the assessment of this phenomenon is a challenge both for forensic professionals and students.
Qualidade de vida de famílias que têm filhos com deficiência intelectual moderada em São Carlos, SP, Brasil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-04-18) Oliveira, Érica Bueno Camargo de; Melo, Débora Gusmão; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2587800992546559; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1046179844722399
Aims: This study investigated the impact of moderate ID on family quality of life (FQoL) on a sample of families from the city of São Carlos, SP, Brazil. Methodology: It’s a descriptive and cross-sectional research, in which 50 families with children with moderate ID and linked to the Association of Parents and Friends of Exceptional (APAE) of São Carlos participated. The data was collected using forms applied face-to-face, with families’ sociodemographic information, personal information from the individuals with ID, the Barthel and the Lawton & Brody functionality indexes of individuals with ID, and the Beach Center Family Quality of Life Scale (BCFQoLS). For statistical analysis, parametric tests were used. The statistical significance of the differences was determined by t-test or ANOVA, depending on the numbers of variables analyzed. The Pearson correlation test was used to evaluate the degree of binary correlation between the FQoL and the other variables, and the linear regression method was used for multiple correlation analysis. The level of significance adopted was 5%. Results: The individuals with ID reached an average of 90 points (SD±13.36) in the Barthel index, indicating moderate dependence for activities of daily living; and 3.12 points (SD±1.66) in the Lawton & Brody index, indicating a severe dependency for instrumental activities of daily living. The mean score reached in BCFQoLS was 3,587 (SD±0.470); this value of total QVF was significantly higher than the scores obtained in the domains "emotional well-being" and "physical/material well-being", and significantly lower than the scores obtained in the "family interaction" domains, "parenting" and "disability-related support". Emotional well-being was the domain with the lowest score in relation to the other domains. The domains most strongly correlated with total FQoL were "family interaction", "parenting” and "emotional well-being", aspects intrinsically modulated by family dynamics and cohesion. The only variable that showed a significant binary correlation with the total FQoL was the Lawton & Brody index (r=0.326; p=0.021). The adjusted linear regression model, considering this index, explained 10.6% of the variability found in the total FQoL results (p=0.021) and showed that the increase of one unit in the value of the Lawton and Brody index represented an increase of 0.092 points in the total FQoL value. Final considerations: It was observed that the FQoL of families with children with ID in the city of São Carlos, SP, is below the results of most international studies. The domain with the lowest scores was "emotional well-being". It is recommended that actions be taken to strengthen the dialogue and family cohesion in order to strengthen relationships and care among members. It is also important to offer activities that stimulate tasks of basic and instrumental activities of daily living early on, in order to promote greater autonomy of the disabled individual. Finally, it will be important to develop actions to raise awareness and training of public opinion, in order to facilitate a change of attitude that allows improvement in the integration of people with ID in society, promoting the exercise of citizenship.