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Ações sustentáveis desenvolvidas pela rede sociotécnica da Cooperativa Mista Flona Tapajós: uma contribuição para o desenvolvimento local
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-05-21)
Nobre, Deusa Nara Viana
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Abreu, Lucimar Santiago de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7025928931374268
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1768067327960343
The Flona Tapajós region is part of the National Conservation Unit System (SNUC) of the Amazon biome and is located in western Pará. It is a region of high ecological and social importance, but is threatened by predatory human exploitation of natural resources and the lack local development public policies that favor development actions inspired by ecologically based productive models. However, in recent years, a set of sustainable actions has been developed by a multi-actor network, whose key agent is the Flona Tapajós Mixed Cooperative, called Coomflona. These actions sought to generate a favorable environment for local development through the natural preservation and improvement of the quality of life of Flona Tapajós traditional families. Thus, the objectives of the work were: to identify and analyze the social impact of actions developed by the Cooperative Flona Tapajós Mixed (COOMFLONA), as a way to subsidize, qualify, enhance the social experience and boost the local development of the traditional communities of Flona Tapajós. and build an inventory of the actions taken. The research was conducted through a review of the bibliography accessed through the Internet and a set of interviews with producers from the communities of São Domingos, Maguari and Jamaraçá and representative of the cooperative. It was concluded that the actions of the socio-technical network contributed to the strengthening of local governance, as they sought to meet the demands of family farming communities and generated an environment conducive to improving the quality of life of traditional Flona Tapajós families. Thus, the social organization and the dynamism engendered by the cooperative socio-technical network provided the communities of the Tapajós National Forest with a set of alternatives, providing positive socioeconomic impacts on the generation of income, construction and maintenance of roads to flow the production and marketing of timber and non-timber forest products.
Detecção de ataques a sistemas de reconhecimento facial utilizando abordagens eficientes de aprendizado de máquina em profundidade
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-05-21)
Souza, Gustavo Botelho de
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Papa, João Paulo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9039182932747194
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Marana, Aparecido Nilceu
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6027713750942689
Biometrics emerged, in the last decades, as a robust and convenient solution for security systems. However, despite the higher difficulty to circumvent the biometric applications, nowadays, criminals are developing attacks, known as spoofing or presentation attacks, precisely simulating biometric traits of legal users, such as the facial image with high-definition printed photographs. Among the main biometric traits, face is a promising one given its high universality (everyone has a face) and non-intrusive capture. Despite all this, face recognition systems are the ones that most suffer with such frauds given the high availability of facial images of people in the worlwide computer network. In this context, face spoofing detection techniques must be developed and integrated to the traditional face recognition applications in order to preserve their robustness in real scenarios. Deep Learning based methods have presented state-of-the-art performances in many areas, including face spoofing detection. However, the methods proposed in the literature so far present high computational costs, being not feasible in real situations, with significant hardware restrictions. In this context, in this thesis, efficient architectures of deep neural networks for face spoofing detection are proposed. Among the proposed approaches, modifications in the architectures of the Restricted Boltzmann Machines (RBM), generative and efficient models turned into deep discriminative neural networks, as well as modifications in the architecture of the Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN), expanding them in width instead of depth, and a novel training algorithm for CNNs, able to capture local spoofing cues of different parts of the faces, allowed a significant reduction on the amount of parameters and operations required for processing the facial images, as well as a faster convergence of the deep neural networks, allowing them to reach accuracy results, in attack detection, compatible with the state-of-the-art, at lower computational costs.
Síntese de celulose bacteriana a partir de resíduos lignocelulósicos via evolução adaptativa
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-05-21)
Vasconcellos, Vanessa Molina de
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Farinas, Cristiane Sanchez
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9933650905615452
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9985-190X
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9050729757066272
Bacterial cellulose (BC) is produced mainly by the Komagataeibacter genus. BC is a biopolymer free of impurities, built from the interlacing of cellulose nanofibers, which presents remarkable properties, such as: high mechanical strength, high water retention capacity, susceptibility to chemical modifications and biocompatibility. The BC is a product of great interest in several biotechnological applications, ranging from noble applications, e.g. medical and pharmaceutical fields, to less sophisticated ones, e.g. reinforcement material in polymers. For the BC synthesis is necessary that the culture medium be rich in glucose, one of the key points that increase the final product. In this context, the present thesis aims to contribute to the reduction of costs involved in the process of CB synthesis using as substrate an alternative source of C: the liquid hot water (LHW) pretreated liquid fraction of lignocellulosic wastes (corn stover and sugarcane bagasse) produced in biorefineries. A challenge to be overcome is related to the presence of inhibitors in the medium, and bypassing this barrier with the addition of a detoxification step with activated charcoal, for example, implies an increase in process cost. The alternative presented in this work was to obtain an inhibitor resistant cellulose producing strain through the adaptive laboratory evolution technique, using the HLW pretreated liquid fraction from corn stover as culture medium. The development of the adapted K. hansenii strain makes possible to directly convert, and thereby concentrate, a dilute form of glucose into an insoluble, readily recovered and value-added cellulose product. While genetic stability, its nature and mechanisms behind the synthesis still need to be revealed, the evolutionary adaptation of this nanocellulose-producing bacteria not only made the bacterium resistant to inhibitors but also capable of producing significantly more nanocellulose compared to the original strain. In addition, the nanocellulose of the adapted strain maintained the same properties as those produced in the standard culture medium.
Avaliação de condições ambientais de nascentes de cursos de água: ferramenta de subsídio à gestão de recursos hídricos e ao planejamento de bacias hidrográficas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-05-21)
Pinto, Mauricio José Rosso
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Hanai, Frederico Yuri
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7651828454575175
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0029934262855663
The protection, conservation, assessment and monitoring of natural water sources are the foundation for integrated water management and environmental planning of a watershed. Springs are important water sources, they are defined as an environmental system established by geomorphological features or geological structures, in which the outcrop of groundwater occurs in a temporary or perennial way, forming drainage channels downstream. The springs have fundamental ecological and ecosystem functions, as the maintenance of the hydrological cycle, therefore it is necessary to develop mechanisms to guarantee its conservation. The aim of this research was to investigate, identify and analyze parameters, indicators and tools related to assessment, conservation, monitoring and sustainable use of springs, in order to elaborate an integrated assessment tool for their environmental conditions that subsidize water resources management and watershed planning. For this, a Systematic Bibliographic Review (SBR) was developed to identify scientific articles and documents related to springs, showing the different approaches through which, the springs have been studied. After that, those articles and documents were analyzed to find proposals or applications of parameters, indicators, tools and instruments related to assessment, conservation, monitoring, management and/or use of springs. As a result, the list of these parameters, indicators, tools and instruments was obtained and validated by a three-step process (3S): self-validation; scientific validation and social validation. The result of this process was the elaboration of an Integrated Assessment and Monitoring Protocol for Springs (PANÁgua), which was tested through field applications and optimized according to the results of this experience and the significant contributions of the specialists who participated in the validation process. The PANÁgua is a protocol composed by three stages of application and some categories of evaluation that integrate a group of parameters and indicators related to the spring’s conservation state. Finally, this protocol was used to evaluate the environmental conditions of some springs of the Ribeirão do Tamanduá and Córrego Mineirinho watersheds located at the state of São Paulo, Brazil. Many impacts were found with the application of PANÁgua, some of them are the low density of natural vegetation coverage, as well as the erosion and silting processes because of agricultural and livestock activities that predominate in the area. In addition, the evaluation of the water quality showed the presence of total coliforms and high values of electrical conductivity in most springs. Both watersheds evaluated presents different characteristics of the land cover use, that’s why some impacts of the Córrego Mineirinho urban springs were evidenced in more critical conditions, for instance the discharge of sewage and solid waste as springs and the severe degradation of soil in general. The PANÁgua has shown to be a useful and efficient tool that synthesizes and assess the environmental conditions of the springs in a coherent way and can be used to help the environmental agencies in the decision-making processes related to integrated water resource management and watershed environmental planning.
Treinamento de força de baixa intensidade realizado até a falha muscular ou próximo à falha não promove ganhos adicionais de força, hipertrofia muscular e funcionalidade de idosos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-05-22)
Bergamasco, João Guilherme Almeida
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Libardi, Cleiton Augusto
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8953409094842074
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9746229265588551
Background: The present study compared the effects of low-load resistance training (RT) protocols performed to failure (FAI), to voluntary interruption (VOL) or lower-volume fixed repetitions (FIX) on muscle strength, hypertrophy and functionality in older adults. Methods: Forty-one older adults (60-77 years) were randomized into three RT groups: FAI, VOL and FIX. The three groups completed 12 weeks of RT at 40% of the one-repetition maximum (1-RM). Training protocols involved three sets in knee extension, leg press and leg curl, performed twice a week, in which in FAI protocol repetitions were performed to muscle failure, in VOL, repetitions were performed to voluntary interruption and FIX performed 10 repetitions per set. Muscle strength was measured through 1-RM, cross-sectional area (CSA) by ultrasonography and functionality through chair stand (CS), habitual and maximal gait speed (HGS and MGS, respectively), timed up-and-go (TUG) and 6-minute walking test (6MWT). All the assessments were performed pre- and post-training. Results: The results showed similar increases from Pre to Post in 1-RM values for all groups (P < 0.0001). There were no significant increases in CSA. Additionally, all groups demonstrated significant and similar increases in CS and HGS and there were no significant changes in MGS, TUG and 6MWT for any group. Conclusions: Low-load protocols do not require to be performed to muscle failure or near failure to promote significant improvements in strength and some of the functional parameters in initial stages of training in older adults.
Análise do Programa de Aquisição de Alimentos-PAA no município de Caxias-MA
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-05-22)
Carneiro, Joabe Alves
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Montebello, Adriana Estela Sanjuan
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4326971138357942
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9000407801770157
The general objective of this dissertation is to analyze the configuration of the dynamics of the economic, social and environmental aspects of the Food Acquisition Program in Caxias, Maranhão state, showing the importance of family farming in local development. According to data from the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics, the municipality has a population of 155,129 inhabitants, 24% of which are in rural areas. The research tool used was qualitative and quantitative, through a case study. 45 Forms with open and closed questions were applied, which were completed by the researcher. The dissertation is organized in (chapter-article) format, structured with general introduction, three article-chapters and general considerations. The second chapter-article was titled “Coverage of the Food Acquisition Program (PAA) in BRAZIL: An Approach from the Analysis of Conab Executive Summaries (2003-2017)”. In this second chapter, it was noticed that in Brazil there was growth and decrease of the financial resources destined to the PAA, besides the disparities in its distribution among the Brazilian regions. In the third chapter entitled “PAA Socioeconomic Profile, Functioning, Marketing and Income: A Case Study in the Municipality of Caxias-Maranhão”, it was observed that among the beneficiaries surveyed 70% are female, 50% are aged between 36 and 49 years, 25% are aged 18-35 and people over 50 also represent 25%. Of the 44 farmers participating in the study, 43% self-described brown, 25% black and 28% self-described as “dark brown”. It was observed that 61% of the sample beneficiaries do not have complete elementary school, those who receive social benefit are 54% and 75% are female. The average amount received per beneficiary was R $ 182.33, the minimum of R $ 77.00 and the maximum of R $ 436.00. The Fourth Chapter, entitled “Agricultural Production Diversification, Farmers' Organization and Environmental Aspects within the PAA in the Municipality of Caxias Maranhão” analyzed that before the PAA farmers produced 11 different types of productive crops and with the arrival of the program this amount went up. to 36. In environmental aspects, it was found that even in the farmers' properties that benefited from rivers, streams, marshes and ponds, some did not conserve them. It was also noticed that the system of consortium between agricultural activities is practiced by 61% of farmers. The use of pesticides in productive areas totaled 63.63%, while 68.18% of farmers use chemical fertilizers. Regarding the knowledge of agroecology, 45.45% of the survey respondents said they were completely unaware of the term and 54.55% knew the term. The holdings of farmers in associations, according to the survey, represent 56.81% and in cooperatives 15.9%. The advantages of participating in the program, according to farmers, were: increased income; self esteem; incentive to cultivate the land; exchange of experiences and others.
Podridão abacaxi da cana-de-açúcar: reação de variedades, controle químico e diversidade patogênica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-05-22)
Uzan, Juliana
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Urashima, Alfredo Seiiti
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1289170266294665
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6570923247710425
Brazil is the world's largest producer of sugarcane, and its main products are sugar, ethanol and biomass. With the high demand for its products, there was a need to plant it all year round. Thus sugarcane pineapple disease, became a problem in winter plantings. The soil pathogen Thielaviopsis paradoxa infects newly planted grinding seedpieces, causing major failures in the field. The genetic resistance of cultivars presents as the ideal method of control, however, there are no reports of the resistance of the four cultivars studied in this work. Chemical control is an alternative to susceptible cultivars. Aiming to analyze the reaction to T. paradoxa of four sugarcane cultivars, its control with fungicide, and the pathogenic diversity of fungus isolates, four trials were installed: 1st experiment (analyzed at 28 days) and the trays containing substrate inoculated with T. paradoxa (105, 104, 10³, 10² spores.mL-1 and Control) and individualized buds of the cultivars RB867515, RB966928, RB855156 and RB92579 were used in the 2nd experiment (analyzed at 40 days) ; less (RB867515) and more (RB92579) susceptible to the pathogen, new buds were planted in trays, using substrate inoculated with 104 and 107 spores.mL-1 and Control, with the application of Strobilurin + Triazole. For the fourth experiment, five buds of the four cultivars were used, and suspensions of 105 spores.mL-1 of five T. paradoxa isolates were inoculated at both ends of the grinding seedpieces. The substrate of experiments 1, 2 and 3 was maintained at 25% humidity and all experiments were maintained in a controlled environment with a temperature of 20°C and photoperiod of 12h. In experiments 1, 2 and 3 the sprouting rate and final sprouting were analyzed at 28 days (experiments 1 and 3) and at 40 days (experiment 2), in experiment 4 the necrotic area inside the grinding seedpieces was measured. The data were transformed into percent and submitted to analysis of variance by the Tukey test at 5% probability. The results showed that the cultivar RB867515 was the least susceptible and the most susceptible RB92579; the intermediate cultivars RB966928 and RB855156; the fungicide with the combination of the active principles Strobilurin + Triazol presented potential for the control of T. paradoxa; there is pathogenic diversity among isolates of T. paradoxa obtained from different lesions and even field in sugarcane producing areas of Brazil.
Contra eletrodos de sulfetos metálicos aplicados a células solares sensibilizadas por pontos quânticos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-05-22)
Soares, Leandro Luiz
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Mascaro, Lucia Helena
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9130022476352844
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2509632591058445
The quantum dot-sensitized solar cells (CSSPQ) are considered as third generation solar cell, derived from dye-sensitized solar cells (CSSC). Several works in the literature shown that the optimization of counter electrodes (CE) is an important factor to improve the CSSPQs performance. In this study different types of CE and its production methods were evaluated by electrochemical techniques as cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, as well as physic techniques as X-Ray Diffraction (DRX) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). Initially, it prepared NbS2 films by spray pyrolysis at 500 and 700 ºC deposited over brass. The film treated at 700 ºC presented higher crystallinity and current density in cyclic voltammetry and smaller resistance to the charge transfer. However, the brass substrate presented problems of leaking in the moment of the device confection and, this film could not be applied in the cell. In order to avoid the leak, the brass was substituted by glass covered by fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) and the NbS2 films were supported by carbon-black and deposited by drop. Electrochemical characterization showed that this material presented a resistance of charge transfer of 164,24 Ω that is smallest than the FTO/Pt resistance that was 3,29 kΩ and also a higher current density. Even thought, carbon-black interfered in the surlyn® adherence, which made harder to seal effectively the device, occasioning that way a leaking in the supporting electrolyte, making also impossible to apply this material in the solar cell. The materials CuS and CuGaS2 electrodeposited potentiostatically over FTO were also tested. Both of them present better electrochemistry properties than FTO/Pt CE. The electrode CuGaS2 presented a higher density value than the CuS and Pt. The resistance value of charge transfer was close for both materials, but the CuGaS2 electrode presented a higher current density for the polysulfides redox process. After the individual CEs characterization, four different devices were constructed with the structure photoelectrode/TiO2/PQ/polysulfides electrolyte/CE. The photovoltaic device study shown that the PbS quantic point with CdS chemical bath increase 10 times the current density if the short circuit (Jsc), when compared to the device just with PbS. The device with CuGaS2 CE conducted to a improve in the fill factor (FF) doubling the solar cell efficiency if compared to the device with the same photoanode but with the FTO/Pt CE.
Diversidade bacteriana em cavidade oral e retal de mico-leão-preto Leontopithecus chrysopygus (Mikan, 1823)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-05-22)
Fatoretto, Bruna Talita
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Ramos, Patrícia Locosque
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7542477918045216
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8968513355716027
The black lion tamarin, Leontopithecus chrysopygus is an endangered primate species, restricted to fragments of the Atlantic Forest in the State of São Paulo, Brazil. Information on microbiology, epidemiology and pathogens transmission are scarce and the aim of this study was to describe the bacterial diversity in the oral and rectal cavities of free-ranging (in situ) and captive (ex situ) animals. For identification of bacterial isolates, we used Matrix-assisted laser desorption / ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF), Gram stain and Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). A total of 249 bacterial isolates were studied and the results revealed a different profile of bacterial diversity between in situ and ex situ animals. In total, 19 bacteria genera were found and the most frequent genera in captive animals were: Escherichia, Neisseria, Streptococcus, Proteus, Enterobacter; and in free-ranging animals were: Bacillus, Staphylococcus, Enterococcus and Pseudomonas. There are no reports in the literature regarding the identification of Cronobacter sp., Delftia sp., Kocuria sp., Lysinibacillus sp., Neisseria sp., Paenibacillus sp. in Leontopithecus chrysopygus, which are presented in this study for the first time. Bacterial with pathogenic potential were found and this work demonstrated the importance of identifying these microorganisms for future management and conservation practices.
Mapeamento da fragilidade ambiental da Bacia Hidrográfica do Rio do Quilombo – São Carlos/SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-05-22)
Asciutti, Gustavo Augusto Mendonça
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Stanganini, Fabio Noel
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6774358264004600
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Melanda, Edson Augusto
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1554762456965991
This research consisted in the elaboration of the Environmental Fragility map for the Quilombo River Basin, in its parcel located in the municipality of São Carlos / SP, adapting the methodologies proposed by Calijuri (2007) and Cereda Junior (2011), applying the fuzzy nonlinear sigmoidal logic in the standardization of the characteristics of the physical environment of the study area. The non-linear fuzzy sigmoidal standardization showed a higher concentration of results at the extremes of the lowest and highest values, therefore, its application in the mapping of environmental fragility should be performed with caveats, preferably combined with maps algebra models that allow the attribution of weights to the parameters analyzed, according to their importance in the stability of the terrain. The Environmental Fragility map was elaborated through the correlation of the parameters "land use and occupation", "slope", "pedology", "distance of water bodies" and "pedology". The map algebra methods applied in this research were the AHP, Weighted Arithmetic Mean and Simple Arithmetic Mean, the latter used as the comparison value. The results for the AHP model were 6% for "Very Poor", 22% for "Weak", 37% for "Average", 28% for "Strong" and 8% for "Very Strong" respectively. The Weighted Arithmetic Average presented 4% for "Very Poor", 18% for "Weak", 46 for "Average", 29% for "Strong" and 3% for "Very Strong". The methodology for mapping the environmental fragility proposed in this study prioritized the parameter soil use and occupation, bringing as a positive result the possibility of updating the values of environmental fragility according to changes in soil cover. In relation to the Municipal Master Plan, the guidelines for land use and occupation are in line with the natural characteristics of the study area, mainly in the conditioning of urban expansion with the adequacy of road infrastructure and urban drainage, as well as the preservation and recovery of native vegetation and areas of permanent preservation.
Validação de material didático para pessoas com deficiência visual: construção mútua entre usuários e projetistas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-05-22)
Souza, Thaís Andressa de
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Fontes, Andréa Regina Martins
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4848646681792317
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Saltorato, Patrícia
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4086015205835355
The curricular adaptations contribute to the development of Assistive Technologies and these to support the process of Inclusive Education. The education system, at its different levels, needs to be able to provide tools that guarantee students with some form of disability access to the curriculum. This dissertation is a branch of the research project "Vertátil: Development of didactic resources for teaching and learning of people with visual impairment", which had the purpose of developing didactic resources for teaching and learning of people with visual impairment, aiming to favor the learning of these people. students. The main objective of the dissertation was to validate prototypes of didactic material for people with visual impairment, which aims at better student development. The methodology used was participant research, with survey of the necessary characteristics, exploratory visits, elaboration of 3D material, pedagogical, technical and final validation. In this sense, it was possible to emphasize the inclusive nature of the resources, which were praised by both the visually impaired and the visionaries. The results indicated that the impact of these new representations (tactical and universal perceptual didactic materials) and interactions between the involved actors (mutual project process) anticipated misuse of use, since the evaluated prototypes obtained few indications of improvement. In addition, according to the reports, the materials aroused interest and curiosity on the part of the users, aspects favorable to the learning stimulus. The validated resources were considered by the mediators of learning, offering through tactile perception the achievement of the proposed didactic objectives. Finally, the research brings a contribution of social value when presenting the possibility of equating the learnings of the students through the universal design.
Cuidado desenvolvimental e práticas de enfermeiras de Unidades de Terapia Intensiva Neonatal: busca por processos crítico-reflexivos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-05-23)
Facio, Beatriz Castanheira
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Wernet, Monika
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6056127658896265
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3725746286698199
Assistance to the newborn, child, adolescent and family has undergone transformations and currently faces the challenge of aligning with developmental care (DC). Given the need for support from families to cope with the reality of having a child in a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU), and the growing identification that training can contribute to the advance in care practices, this study aims to discuss the repercussions of the formative process in developmental care on the practices of NICU nurses in a city in the interior of São Paulo. The specific objective is to report on the development of a formative intervention on developmental care with NICU nurses in a city in the interior of São Paulo, with attention to participation movements. It is an interpretative and longitudinal research, anchored in 3 theoretical references: “Nursing as care”, by Anne Boykin and Savina Schoenhofer; “The Nursing Knowledge Standards”, by Barbara Carper; and “Reflective Teaching and Practice”, by Donald Schön. Appreciative Research is the methodological framework used. Due to the awarness that the nursing coordinators of two NICUs in this municipality were involved in qualification of the nursing care provided, contact was sought with a view to identifying nuclei of common interest, when the DC was revealed. The criteria for selecting participants included to be a nurse working in at least one of the neonatal units in the city. There was an oscillation in the number of participants, with differences in the collection and intervention phases. The first included non-participant observation and semi-structured interviews as strategies, which were preceded by written activity. After this activity, a discussion about the topic was proposed. The intervention was based on the 4D cycle, the acronym used to designate the phases Discovery, Dream, Design and Destiny. Data analysis was based on the Minayo Thematic Content Analysis and allowed the emergence of three blocks: Guiding principles of NICU nurses practices; 4D cycle management in the development of educational intervention; Participation movements in the face of proposals and strategies offered in educational intervention. The first block was divided into two categories: “Promoting newborn development and comfort” and “Qualifying NICU care”. In the second one, the results from the 4D cycle analysis were evidenced, encompassing the unit dynamics management and developmental care offer, strategies suggested by the participants and the consequence of lived limitations. Finally, the third block explains the different strategies used to achieve reflective participation of nurses. Faced with insufficient interactions and discussions without the desired deepening, it was reflexively problematized about the possible causes: driving mode; influence of training, the current health care model and the obstacles experienced in the work context. With attention to deepening morals, we considered motivation, responsibility, commitment, respect and solicitude in nursing care. It is suggested that further studies explore what hospital managers think about training processes, paying attention to their place of relevance, their assigned values and what they mean by support.
Atividades anti-nematoides dos óleos essenciais de Petroselinum crispum, Ruta graveolens e Thymus vulgaris no modelo nematoide Caenorhabditis elegans
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-05-23)
Albuquerque, Yulli Roxenne
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Anibal, Fernanda de Freitas
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4918261968772806
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7896826463889321
The nematode parasites represent a major public health problem and several economic loss in the agricultural sector. The study of essential oils in the model organism Caenorhabditis elegans allows to identify the nematicidal potential of these phytotherapics for control of parasites. The objective of this study was to evaluate the anti-nematode activities of commercial essential oils of Petroselinum crispum (parsley), Ruta graveolens (rue) and Thymus vulgaris (white thyme) in C. elegans model. The essential oils were tested at concentrations of 0.25%, 0.5%, 1%, 2%, 3% and 4%. The solvent DMSO 8% was used as negative control. The percentage of nematodes that remained alive, motility and the presence of eggs and live larvae in the time periods of 0h, 6h, 24h and 48h were evaluated for the test with adult nematodes. The Levamisole 25 mM was used in this test as reference antiparasitic drug. Then, the egg hatchability inhibition test was performed to evaluate the ovicidal/ovistact potential of each oil after 24h. All essential oils showed significant nematicidal activity in the adult nematode (p<0.05), with P. crispum activity being the most pronounced, showing a significant effect beginning at 0.5% concentration in all evaluated periods, corresponding to the effect with 1% or 2% of T. vulgaris oil, and 2% of R. graveolens oil. Similar effect occurred to the Levamisole group at the highest concentrations. The essential oils decreased nematode motility and did not allow the survival of young larvae, with 2% T. vulgaris oil, 2% or 3% of the oil of P. crispum and 3% of R. graveolens oil. The essential oil with more ovicidal/ovistact activity in lower concentration was T. vulgaris at 2% (p<0.05). The analysis of chemical characterization of the essential oils identified myristicin (52.5%), apiole (18.6%) and α-pinene (10.4%) in the oil of P. crispum, 2-undecanone (96%) in oil of R. graveolens and p-cymene (73.6%) and camphene (13.8%) in oil of T. vulgaris. This study concluded that the essential oils of P. crispum, R. graveolens and T. vulgaris present higer potential for use as anthelmintics, and may be an alternative to help in the control of diseases caused by nematode parasites.
Análise do material particulado na área central da cidade de São Carlos-SP através de técnicas espectroanalíticas e avaliação multidimensional de séries temporais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-05-23)
Alexandrina, Eduardo Carlos
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Pereira Filho, Edenir Rodrigues
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3394181280355442
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Aguiar, Mônica Lopes
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0431688649128529
Due to the worldwide trend of industrialization and urbanization, air pollutants are emitted large quantities on a global scale, particularly in developing countries, which produces adverse effects on human health by causing health problems such as respiratory and lung diseases. In view of this scenario, the objective of this research was to study the PM10 particulate matter, collected in the city center of São Carlos, through the analysis of multidimensional time series and spectral analysis. The collections were from the collection period from 2014 to 2015 (daily collections) and from 2015 to 2017 (collections on alternate days), specifically at Praça dos Voluntários. In the process of analysis of multidimensional time series, a web - based data visualization system was developed with the help of the Java Script and D3 libraries to support the evolutionary analysis of atmospheric particulate matter (PM10) collected in the city. The samples were collected using the large volume sampler, in the time of 23 hours and 30 minutes. The values obtained in the monitoring from 2014 to 2017 clearly showed a decrease of the pollutant PM10 in the atmospheric air of the city, compared with data from historical records of the campaign from 1997 to 2006. This decreasing trend in PM10 concentrations may be due to an increase in strict compliance with State Decree No. 59113 of 04/23/2013, which requires the control of air pollution. For the spectroanalytical analysis, samples collected in the period from 2014 to 2015 were directly analyzed by WD-XRF, identifying the following elements: Al, Ca, Ce, Cl, Fe, K, Mg, P, S, Si , Ti, V and Zn; and for LIBS (Ba, Ca, Fe, K, Mg, Na, Si and Ti) for qualitative purposes. For quantitative analysis, the elements Al, Ba, Ca, Fe, K, Na, S and Zn were subjected to extraction with extractive acid solution (HNO3 and HCl) and determined by ICP OES. The concentrations of these elements presented spatial variations (ng m-3), which were significantly higher for Al (19.0), Ba (13.6), Ca (20.0), Na (27.0), S (37.1) and Zn (9.5) in winter; in autumn, to Na (26.4); in the spring, for Fe (11.6), K (13.1) and S (25.3); and summer did not show high concentrations in the comparison between the seasons of the year. Using the mathematical model (PCA), statistical model (Pearson) and the enrichment factor equation (EF) in these WD-XRF, LIBS and ICP OES results, it was possible to trace the possible origins of these chemical elements in collected atmospheric air in the city.
O front-end of innovation em sistemas produto-serviço em empresas fabricantes de equipamentos médico-hospitalares: análise do processo de decisão
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-05-24)
Braga, Francisco Andrea Simões
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Mendes, Glauco Henrique de Sousa
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7564259060572565
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9318388733001976
Product-Service System (PSS) corresponds to an integrated series of products and services to the customer and an approach that, besides innovating in the generation of customer value, can bring benefits from the environmental point of view. The PSS list has been presented to a large number of companies, including manufacturers of hospital equipment, who have been able to develop products, services and solutions that enhance quality and reduce healthcare costs. However, the methodologies for the development of PSS are dependent on models, methods and tools for other areas of research. The challenge is how the specificities of development, in addition to monitoring the decision-making process of the pre-development phase. In view of this context, this paper aims to describe and analyze how the information and evaluation criteria of innovation of two companies in the health sector to care for children. The bibliographic research and the case study were applied. There are three results of the research results. The results of the processes of generation and systematization in the execution of the processes and decisions in the front end of the innovation of the process of development of the PSS. Second, there was a lack of integration between product development and service activities. Third, they are important and current statistics on the part of the companies investigated. The implications of this dissertation proposal are: (i) proposal of a framework for the decision-making process in the front-end of innovation of the development of the PSS in companies manufacturing medical-hospital equipment; (ii) impressive, companies that are part of the quality sector of their decision-making processes.
Avaliação de pimenta biquinho com uso de adubo mineral e biofertilizante: produção, variáveis dimensionais do fruto e análise físico-química
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-05-24)
Pereira, José Maurício
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Sala, Fernando César
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6771975466075202
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Stolf, Rubismar
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2436951279203355
The species of peppers that belong to the Capsicum genus are worldwide cultivated and the Biquinho type (C. chinense) has been gaining prominence in the national scenario due to its sweet taste and absence of pungency. The aim of this study is to search for an alternative fertilizer to produce this kind of pepper and to evaluate the agronomic characteristics of production, the fruit dimension and physical-chemical analysis. It was used a randomized design block with four replicates (four blocks) and three treatments: T1 – mineral fertilizer, T2 – biofertilizer and T3 – control, totalizing 12 plots. The research lasted 231 days, and nine fruit harvest were made. The following variables of production per plant were evaluated: number and mass of fruits (g/plant). Regarding the dimensional parameters of the fruit: wall thickness, diameter, fruit mass and length. For the physical-chemical analysis were evaluated: chlorophyll; humidity; titratable acidity; soluble solids; pH; firmness and ascorbic acid. For the production parameters (weight and mass of the fruits), the treatment with liquid biofertilizer application was superior than the other treatments. About the dimensional variables of the fruit (length, diameter, mass and wall thickness) there was no significant different between treatments with liquid biofertilizer and mineral fertilizer, however, the control treatment presented inferior results. In the physical-chemical analysis, the control treatment presented a lower content of chlorophyll and the peppers produced with chemical fertilizer showed higher levels of acidity, also as control, and lower pH. There was no significant difference between the treatments regarding the levels of humidity, soluble solids, firmness and ascorbic acid. In front of the results, the liquid biofertilizer proved to be a satisfactory alternative to produce this kind of pepper.
Efeito da inoculação da levedura rizosférica Torulaspora globosa (6S01) em combinação com glicose e triptofano, sobre o desenvolvimento inicial de milho
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-05-24)
Corrêa, Patrícia Herrmann
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Rosa-Magri, Márcia Maria
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4166319985147604
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3051270544738652
Plant Growth Promoter Microorganisms (PGPMs) stimulate the development of plants by different mechanisms, such as the production of plant hormones and solubilization of minerals. The species Torulaspora globosa, isolated from the rhizosphere of sugar cane and maize, proved effective for the production of indoleacetic acid and organic acids capable of solubilizing minerals, such as phosphate, with potential to stimulate plant growth. The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of T. globosa yeast (6S01 strain) and addition of glucose and/or tryptophan in the initial development of corn under controlled conditions.Sixteen treatments were evaluated, with 106 and 103 cells/mL being evaluated at different times, each inoculating in seed and/or plant, and adding glucose and/or tryptophan, with six replicates per treatment. The experimental design was a completely randomized design. The concentration of glucose (20 g/mL) and the concentration of tryptophan (0.1%). The evaluation was carried out by the parameters of shoot length and root and dry mass of shoot and root. It was observed that the addition of glucose in the yeast inoculation treatments promoted the damage in the initial development of the plant of both concentrations. Tryptophan favored the increase of the root dry mass, inoculation of the seed and plant or the seed in the lowest concentration of cells and the concentration of 106 cells / mL when inoculating the seed. The inoculum at the concentration of 106 cells / mL gave better results, but was statistically similar to the control, except for the evaluation of the aerial part of the corn in the treatments of seed and plant inoculation and the dry mass of the aerial part, also without statistical difference with the control. This is an unprecedented but preliminary study, since it was carried out under controlled conditions, and only with analysis of the initial development of the corn plant. The results obtained are promising and motivate further studies, with the use of inoculation of the plants in non-sterile soil, greenhouse and in the field.
The role of nitric oxide and adrenergic stimulation on the cardiovascular adjustments in South American rattlesnakes (Crotalus durissus)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-05-24)
Castro, Samanta Aparecida
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Leite, Cléo Alcantara Costa
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2031764784233552
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3202336955072876
Understanding the basis of vascular tone regulation is important to comprehend the cardiovascular physiology of any vertebrate. Recent investigations on reptiles have tried that description working on anesthetized animals. Unfortunatelly, such approach can be ineffective to access mechanisms that rely on some level of autonomic modulation. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of nitric oxide (NO) and of adrenergic stimulation on the control of vascular tone in reptiles. This study used the developed decerebrate rattlesnake model in order to avoid the deleterious effect of anesthetics on cardiovascular modulation. We found that NO is effective vasorelaxing in rattlesnakes and there is a resting level of NO production. Sodium nitroprusside (SNP) caused systemic vasodilation followed by systemic conductance (Gsys) and systemic flow (Q ̇sys) increasing, and it was associated with systemic mean arterial pressure (MAPsys) reduction. As a response, cardiac output (CO) was elevated. In the pulmonary circulation, SNP increased pulmonary conductance (Gpul) and reduced pulmonary mean arterial pressure (MAPpul), while pulmonary flow (Q ̇pul) remained unaffected. The systemic vasodilation after L-arginine (L-Arg) was similar to the effect of SNP injection. Although, there were no effects of L-Arg on the pulmonary circulation. Therefore, in rattlesnakes, NO is synthetized via L-Arg and it has partial role on the local regulation of systemic vascular tone. In contrast, the pulmonary vasculature is less reactive to SNP and also, NO production seems not to be dependent on the L-Arg. Adrenaline and phenylephrine caused systemic vasoconstriction that was abolished by phentolamine, demonstrating this response was mediated by α-adrenergic receptors. Injection of phentolamine caused a marked vasodilatation followed by Gsys and Q ̇sys increasing, and it was associated with MAPsys reduction. Injection of propranolol promoted bradycardia, with consequent decreasing of CO and Q ̇sys and increased of systemic vascular tone, without changing the Gsys and MAPsys. These results indicate adrenergic modulation via α-receptors is quantitativelly more relevant to modulate MAP than the β-receptors branch of barorreflex in Crotalus. Pulmonary vasculature is less responsive to adrenergic stimulation. Also, phentolamine was more effective in alter Gpul than propranolol. Therefore, we suggest that the adrenergic stimulation by the sympathetic branch of the autonomic nervous system is more effective in modulate vascular tone than cardiac activity in rattlesnakes.
A terapia ocupacional como campo de conhecimento científico no Brasil: formação pós-graduada e atuação profissional de seus mestres e doutores
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-05-24)
Folha, Otavio Augusto de Araujo Costa
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Emmel, Maria Luisa Guillaumon
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0695868190594622
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2475837812932328
Scientific Institutionalization is a current challenge of occupational therapy in Brazil as it celebrates 50 years of its professional regulation. In recent years, there has been an intense movement of Brazilian occupational therapists in the development of strategies to address this challenge. One of these strategies involves monitoring the training and participation of its researchers in the development of research and graduate activities. In this study, the thesis is presented that talking about the involvement of occupational therapists in research does not mean affirming the occurrence of research in occupational therapy. This finding was developed from the characterization of postgraduate education and professional practice of occupational therapists with masters and doctorates in Brazil. This is a descriptive and correlational study, based on documents, with a descriptive and analytical quantitative approach. We analyzed the Lattes Curricula of occupational therapists registered in CNPq Lattes Platform trained and / or working in Brazil. Information was also collected about undergraduate and postgraduate occupational therapists in the Capes Dissertation and Thesis Catalog, the Sucupira Platform and the E-mec Platform. Among the results, it was identified that by the end of 2017, there were 859 masters and 329 doctors in the country. The scientific field of Brazilian occupational therapy consists predominantly of women (93%). It has a late and time-consuming process of constitution, with 62.61% of its masters and doctors graduated from 2010. Their researchers were trained in 237 master's programs and 27 doctoral programs, with the predominance of master's training in 11 areas. Assessment (83%) and PhD in 10 areas (84%). There has been a change in the profile of postgraduate education, influenced by regional diversity and the participation of occupational therapists as mentors in master and doctoral courses. There is considerable regional asymmetry in the distribution of masters and doctors in the Brazilian regions, where 55.47% of postgraduates are located in the Southeast. Only 52% of masters and doctors participate in any research group, and of these, only 59% research occupational therapy. There has been a significant increase in the training of new researchers in undergraduate research and postgraduate studies. More than 90% of the bibliographic production of occupational therapists with master's and doctorate degrees occurred from the 2000s. However, 7 out of 10 articles produced by these professionals do not mention the descriptor “occupational therapy” in its title, abstract and / or words. -key. In this way, several associations were observed between postgraduate education and professional practice that imply the production of scientific knowledge developed by these professionals. The implications of these data for the scientific institutionalization of occupational therapy in Brazil are discussed.
Análise da percepção do grau de importância e implantação dos elementos do Quick Response Manufacturing em uma empresa do setor de cosméticos: um estudo exploratório
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-05-24)
Cardoso, Ronney Teixeira
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Godinho Filho, Moacir
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6136685270563354
The Quick Response Manufacturing (QRM) is an alternative management approach to Lean Manufacturing, which aims to achieve lead time reduction in environments with a high variety of products. The objective of the present research is to evaluate the degree of knowledge and application of QRM in a company of the cosmetics sector and, from this, to propose improvement actions so that companies can better prepare to introduce QRM in their business. Basically the proposal followed the basic steps of a QRM project, reaching the conclusion that the long lead time in the studied sector of the company is caused by four main causes: (I) high demand for orders that are not being served within a lead time four weeks; (Ii) lack of adequate processes in the project sector; (III) delay in the arrival of machinery; and (IV) difficulty in implementing the QRM mentality in departments such as Purchasing and Finance. It was possible to conclude from this that managing the changes in the QRM implementation process is a fundamental factor in order to take advantage of the benefits brought by this approach, making it important for companies to invest in QRM training and dissemination and awareness of employees, suppliers and customers about this approach, since the research made it clear that employees understand the importance of lead time, but need support, training, direction and integrated vision that must be provided by top management.