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Cuidado desenvolvimental e práticas de enfermeiras de Unidades de Terapia Intensiva Neonatal: busca por processos crítico-reflexivos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-05-23) Facio, Beatriz Castanheira; Wernet, Monika; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6056127658896265; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3725746286698199
Assistance to the newborn, child, adolescent and family has undergone transformations and currently faces the challenge of aligning with developmental care (DC). Given the need for support from families to cope with the reality of having a child in a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU), and the growing identification that training can contribute to the advance in care practices, this study aims to discuss the repercussions of the formative process in developmental care on the practices of NICU nurses in a city in the interior of São Paulo. The specific objective is to report on the development of a formative intervention on developmental care with NICU nurses in a city in the interior of São Paulo, with attention to participation movements. It is an interpretative and longitudinal research, anchored in 3 theoretical references: “Nursing as care”, by Anne Boykin and Savina Schoenhofer; “The Nursing Knowledge Standards”, by Barbara Carper; and “Reflective Teaching and Practice”, by Donald Schön. Appreciative Research is the methodological framework used. Due to the awarness that the nursing coordinators of two NICUs in this municipality were involved in qualification of the nursing care provided, contact was sought with a view to identifying nuclei of common interest, when the DC was revealed. The criteria for selecting participants included to be a nurse working in at least one of the neonatal units in the city. There was an oscillation in the number of participants, with differences in the collection and intervention phases. The first included non-participant observation and semi-structured interviews as strategies, which were preceded by written activity. After this activity, a discussion about the topic was proposed. The intervention was based on the 4D cycle, the acronym used to designate the phases Discovery, Dream, Design and Destiny. Data analysis was based on the Minayo Thematic Content Analysis and allowed the emergence of three blocks: Guiding principles of NICU nurses practices; 4D cycle management in the development of educational intervention; Participation movements in the face of proposals and strategies offered in educational intervention. The first block was divided into two categories: “Promoting newborn development and comfort” and “Qualifying NICU care”. In the second one, the results from the 4D cycle analysis were evidenced, encompassing the unit dynamics management and developmental care offer, strategies suggested by the participants and the consequence of lived limitations. Finally, the third block explains the different strategies used to achieve reflective participation of nurses. Faced with insufficient interactions and discussions without the desired deepening, it was reflexively problematized about the possible causes: driving mode; influence of training, the current health care model and the obstacles experienced in the work context. With attention to deepening morals, we considered motivation, responsibility, commitment, respect and solicitude in nursing care. It is suggested that further studies explore what hospital managers think about training processes, paying attention to their place of relevance, their assigned values and what they mean by support.
Análise do material particulado na área central da cidade de São Carlos-SP através de técnicas espectroanalíticas e avaliação multidimensional de séries temporais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-05-23) Alexandrina, Eduardo Carlos; Pereira Filho, Edenir Rodrigues; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3394181280355442; Aguiar, Mônica Lopes; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0431688649128529; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0836858480254904
Due to the worldwide trend of industrialization and urbanization, air pollutants are emitted large quantities on a global scale, particularly in developing countries, which produces adverse effects on human health by causing health problems such as respiratory and lung diseases. In view of this scenario, the objective of this research was to study the PM10 particulate matter, collected in the city center of São Carlos, through the analysis of multidimensional time series and spectral analysis. The collections were from the collection period from 2014 to 2015 (daily collections) and from 2015 to 2017 (collections on alternate days), specifically at Praça dos Voluntários. In the process of analysis of multidimensional time series, a web - based data visualization system was developed with the help of the Java Script and D3 libraries to support the evolutionary analysis of atmospheric particulate matter (PM10) collected in the city. The samples were collected using the large volume sampler, in the time of 23 hours and 30 minutes. The values obtained in the monitoring from 2014 to 2017 clearly showed a decrease of the pollutant PM10 in the atmospheric air of the city, compared with data from historical records of the campaign from 1997 to 2006. This decreasing trend in PM10 concentrations may be due to an increase in strict compliance with State Decree No. 59113 of 04/23/2013, which requires the control of air pollution. For the spectroanalytical analysis, samples collected in the period from 2014 to 2015 were directly analyzed by WD-XRF, identifying the following elements: Al, Ca, Ce, Cl, Fe, K, Mg, P, S, Si , Ti, V and Zn; and for LIBS (Ba, Ca, Fe, K, Mg, Na, Si and Ti) for qualitative purposes. For quantitative analysis, the elements Al, Ba, Ca, Fe, K, Na, S and Zn were subjected to extraction with extractive acid solution (HNO3 and HCl) and determined by ICP OES. The concentrations of these elements presented spatial variations (ng m-3), which were significantly higher for Al (19.0), Ba (13.6), Ca (20.0), Na (27.0), S (37.1) and Zn (9.5) in winter; in autumn, to Na (26.4); in the spring, for Fe (11.6), K (13.1) and S (25.3); and summer did not show high concentrations in the comparison between the seasons of the year. Using the mathematical model (PCA), statistical model (Pearson) and the enrichment factor equation (EF) in these WD-XRF, LIBS and ICP OES results, it was possible to trace the possible origins of these chemical elements in collected atmospheric air in the city.
Atividades anti-nematoides dos óleos essenciais de Petroselinum crispum, Ruta graveolens e Thymus vulgaris no modelo nematoide Caenorhabditis elegans
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-05-23) Albuquerque, Yulli Roxenne; Anibal, Fernanda de Freitas; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4918261968772806; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7896826463889321
The nematode parasites represent a major public health problem and several economic loss in the agricultural sector. The study of essential oils in the model organism Caenorhabditis elegans allows to identify the nematicidal potential of these phytotherapics for control of parasites. The objective of this study was to evaluate the anti-nematode activities of commercial essential oils of Petroselinum crispum (parsley), Ruta graveolens (rue) and Thymus vulgaris (white thyme) in C. elegans model. The essential oils were tested at concentrations of 0.25%, 0.5%, 1%, 2%, 3% and 4%. The solvent DMSO 8% was used as negative control. The percentage of nematodes that remained alive, motility and the presence of eggs and live larvae in the time periods of 0h, 6h, 24h and 48h were evaluated for the test with adult nematodes. The Levamisole 25 mM was used in this test as reference antiparasitic drug. Then, the egg hatchability inhibition test was performed to evaluate the ovicidal/ovistact potential of each oil after 24h. All essential oils showed significant nematicidal activity in the adult nematode (p<0.05), with P. crispum activity being the most pronounced, showing a significant effect beginning at 0.5% concentration in all evaluated periods, corresponding to the effect with 1% or 2% of T. vulgaris oil, and 2% of R. graveolens oil. Similar effect occurred to the Levamisole group at the highest concentrations. The essential oils decreased nematode motility and did not allow the survival of young larvae, with 2% T. vulgaris oil, 2% or 3% of the oil of P. crispum and 3% of R. graveolens oil. The essential oil with more ovicidal/ovistact activity in lower concentration was T. vulgaris at 2% (p<0.05). The analysis of chemical characterization of the essential oils identified myristicin (52.5%), apiole (18.6%) and α-pinene (10.4%) in the oil of P. crispum, 2-undecanone (96%) in oil of R. graveolens and p-cymene (73.6%) and camphene (13.8%) in oil of T. vulgaris. This study concluded that the essential oils of P. crispum, R. graveolens and T. vulgaris present higer potential for use as anthelmintics, and may be an alternative to help in the control of diseases caused by nematode parasites.