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Avaliação de pimenta biquinho com uso de adubo mineral e biofertilizante: produção, variáveis dimensionais do fruto e análise físico-química
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-05-24) Pereira, José Maurício; Sala, Fernando César; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6771975466075202; Stolf, Rubismar; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2436951279203355; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4194481011369618
The species of peppers that belong to the Capsicum genus are worldwide cultivated and the Biquinho type (C. chinense) has been gaining prominence in the national scenario due to its sweet taste and absence of pungency. The aim of this study is to search for an alternative fertilizer to produce this kind of pepper and to evaluate the agronomic characteristics of production, the fruit dimension and physical-chemical analysis. It was used a randomized design block with four replicates (four blocks) and three treatments: T1 – mineral fertilizer, T2 – biofertilizer and T3 – control, totalizing 12 plots. The research lasted 231 days, and nine fruit harvest were made. The following variables of production per plant were evaluated: number and mass of fruits (g/plant). Regarding the dimensional parameters of the fruit: wall thickness, diameter, fruit mass and length. For the physical-chemical analysis were evaluated: chlorophyll; humidity; titratable acidity; soluble solids; pH; firmness and ascorbic acid. For the production parameters (weight and mass of the fruits), the treatment with liquid biofertilizer application was superior than the other treatments. About the dimensional variables of the fruit (length, diameter, mass and wall thickness) there was no significant different between treatments with liquid biofertilizer and mineral fertilizer, however, the control treatment presented inferior results. In the physical-chemical analysis, the control treatment presented a lower content of chlorophyll and the peppers produced with chemical fertilizer showed higher levels of acidity, also as control, and lower pH. There was no significant difference between the treatments regarding the levels of humidity, soluble solids, firmness and ascorbic acid. In front of the results, the liquid biofertilizer proved to be a satisfactory alternative to produce this kind of pepper.
Efeito da inoculação da levedura rizosférica Torulaspora globosa (6S01) em combinação com glicose e triptofano, sobre o desenvolvimento inicial de milho
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-05-24) Corrêa, Patrícia Herrmann; Rosa-Magri, Márcia Maria; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4166319985147604; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3051270544738652
Plant Growth Promoter Microorganisms (PGPMs) stimulate the development of plants by different mechanisms, such as the production of plant hormones and solubilization of minerals. The species Torulaspora globosa, isolated from the rhizosphere of sugar cane and maize, proved effective for the production of indoleacetic acid and organic acids capable of solubilizing minerals, such as phosphate, with potential to stimulate plant growth. The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of T. globosa yeast (6S01 strain) and addition of glucose and/or tryptophan in the initial development of corn under controlled conditions.Sixteen treatments were evaluated, with 106 and 103 cells/mL being evaluated at different times, each inoculating in seed and/or plant, and adding glucose and/or tryptophan, with six replicates per treatment. The experimental design was a completely randomized design. The concentration of glucose (20 g/mL) and the concentration of tryptophan (0.1%). The evaluation was carried out by the parameters of shoot length and root and dry mass of shoot and root. It was observed that the addition of glucose in the yeast inoculation treatments promoted the damage in the initial development of the plant of both concentrations. Tryptophan favored the increase of the root dry mass, inoculation of the seed and plant or the seed in the lowest concentration of cells and the concentration of 106 cells / mL when inoculating the seed. The inoculum at the concentration of 106 cells / mL gave better results, but was statistically similar to the control, except for the evaluation of the aerial part of the corn in the treatments of seed and plant inoculation and the dry mass of the aerial part, also without statistical difference with the control. This is an unprecedented but preliminary study, since it was carried out under controlled conditions, and only with analysis of the initial development of the corn plant. The results obtained are promising and motivate further studies, with the use of inoculation of the plants in non-sterile soil, greenhouse and in the field.
O front-end of innovation em sistemas produto-serviço em empresas fabricantes de equipamentos médico-hospitalares: análise do processo de decisão
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-05-24) Braga, Francisco Andrea Simões; Mendes, Glauco Henrique de Sousa; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7564259060572565; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9318388733001976
Product-Service System (PSS) corresponds to an integrated series of products and services to the customer and an approach that, besides innovating in the generation of customer value, can bring benefits from the environmental point of view. The PSS list has been presented to a large number of companies, including manufacturers of hospital equipment, who have been able to develop products, services and solutions that enhance quality and reduce healthcare costs. However, the methodologies for the development of PSS are dependent on models, methods and tools for other areas of research. The challenge is how the specificities of development, in addition to monitoring the decision-making process of the pre-development phase. In view of this context, this paper aims to describe and analyze how the information and evaluation criteria of innovation of two companies in the health sector to care for children. The bibliographic research and the case study were applied. There are three results of the research results. The results of the processes of generation and systematization in the execution of the processes and decisions in the front end of the innovation of the process of development of the PSS. Second, there was a lack of integration between product development and service activities. Third, they are important and current statistics on the part of the companies investigated. The implications of this dissertation proposal are: (i) proposal of a framework for the decision-making process in the front-end of innovation of the development of the PSS in companies manufacturing medical-hospital equipment; (ii) impressive, companies that are part of the quality sector of their decision-making processes.
The role of nitric oxide and adrenergic stimulation on the cardiovascular adjustments in South American rattlesnakes (Crotalus durissus)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-05-24) Castro, Samanta Aparecida; Leite, Cléo Alcantara Costa; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2031764784233552; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3202336955072876
Understanding the basis of vascular tone regulation is important to comprehend the cardiovascular physiology of any vertebrate. Recent investigations on reptiles have tried that description working on anesthetized animals. Unfortunatelly, such approach can be ineffective to access mechanisms that rely on some level of autonomic modulation. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of nitric oxide (NO) and of adrenergic stimulation on the control of vascular tone in reptiles. This study used the developed decerebrate rattlesnake model in order to avoid the deleterious effect of anesthetics on cardiovascular modulation. We found that NO is effective vasorelaxing in rattlesnakes and there is a resting level of NO production. Sodium nitroprusside (SNP) caused systemic vasodilation followed by systemic conductance (Gsys) and systemic flow (Q ̇sys) increasing, and it was associated with systemic mean arterial pressure (MAPsys) reduction. As a response, cardiac output (CO) was elevated. In the pulmonary circulation, SNP increased pulmonary conductance (Gpul) and reduced pulmonary mean arterial pressure (MAPpul), while pulmonary flow (Q ̇pul) remained unaffected. The systemic vasodilation after L-arginine (L-Arg) was similar to the effect of SNP injection. Although, there were no effects of L-Arg on the pulmonary circulation. Therefore, in rattlesnakes, NO is synthetized via L-Arg and it has partial role on the local regulation of systemic vascular tone. In contrast, the pulmonary vasculature is less reactive to SNP and also, NO production seems not to be dependent on the L-Arg. Adrenaline and phenylephrine caused systemic vasoconstriction that was abolished by phentolamine, demonstrating this response was mediated by α-adrenergic receptors. Injection of phentolamine caused a marked vasodilatation followed by Gsys and Q ̇sys increasing, and it was associated with MAPsys reduction. Injection of propranolol promoted bradycardia, with consequent decreasing of CO and Q ̇sys and increased of systemic vascular tone, without changing the Gsys and MAPsys. These results indicate adrenergic modulation via α-receptors is quantitativelly more relevant to modulate MAP than the β-receptors branch of barorreflex in Crotalus. Pulmonary vasculature is less responsive to adrenergic stimulation. Also, phentolamine was more effective in alter Gpul than propranolol. Therefore, we suggest that the adrenergic stimulation by the sympathetic branch of the autonomic nervous system is more effective in modulate vascular tone than cardiac activity in rattlesnakes.
A extrafiscalidade tributária como instrumento fomentador do princípio do protetor recebedor
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-05-24) Moraes, William Thiago de; Sola, Fernanda; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2265749626773521; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8809995931248388
The defense and preservation of the environment are state duties and the fundamental right of all individuals, including assured to the future generations. With regard to the normative principle of constitutional order that imposes the state of a power-duty, it is imperative that they are viable, from mechanisms of environmental protection, to reach the end. The objective of this work is to analyze the feasibility of the use of the national tax system as an instrument to reach the constitutional precept of environmental research, with the addition of a differentiated tax treatment for environmentally protected driving, with the application of taxation in its extra-fiscal purpose. An integration of the legislation and precepts of Environmental and Tax Law was sought, in the form of a preview of the Premial Law, supported by the protector of the principle-receiver and an extra-fiscal environment. The methodology adopted for the research and dissemination of thematic data in the bibliographic research, but also uses primary sources and documentary research for the collection and qualitative analysis of the data. As the verification of environmental, tax and environmental performance, including the increase of environmental extrafiscality in federal, state and municipal laws, with the implementation of tax mechanisms that apply the tax legislation, which directly or indirectly benefit the environment. It is also evident that the legal system presents constitutional permissive for the institution of a new principle by the Union, no exercise of its residual competence, which could have a markedly extraphysical character, of an environmental nature, given the freedom to constitute constitutional, normative for this institution. Lastly, there is a legislative gap that applies to the application of environmental tax extrafiscality, which is not a taxation of the carbon market.
Análise da percepção do grau de importância e implantação dos elementos do Quick Response Manufacturing em uma empresa do setor de cosméticos: um estudo exploratório
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-05-24) Cardoso, Ronney Teixeira; Godinho Filho, Moacir; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6136685270563354
The Quick Response Manufacturing (QRM) is an alternative management approach to Lean Manufacturing, which aims to achieve lead time reduction in environments with a high variety of products. The objective of the present research is to evaluate the degree of knowledge and application of QRM in a company of the cosmetics sector and, from this, to propose improvement actions so that companies can better prepare to introduce QRM in their business. Basically the proposal followed the basic steps of a QRM project, reaching the conclusion that the long lead time in the studied sector of the company is caused by four main causes: (I) high demand for orders that are not being served within a lead time four weeks; (Ii) lack of adequate processes in the project sector; (III) delay in the arrival of machinery; and (IV) difficulty in implementing the QRM mentality in departments such as Purchasing and Finance. It was possible to conclude from this that managing the changes in the QRM implementation process is a fundamental factor in order to take advantage of the benefits brought by this approach, making it important for companies to invest in QRM training and dissemination and awareness of employees, suppliers and customers about this approach, since the research made it clear that employees understand the importance of lead time, but need support, training, direction and integrated vision that must be provided by top management.
Avaliação da viabilidade de métodos de análise da sensibilidade barorreflexa e de um modelo de estudo com a cascavel sul americana (Crotalus durissus)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-05-24) Rocha, Gabriella Campos; Leite, Cléo Alcantara Costa; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2031764784233552; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1305264011164154
The autonomic nervous system (ANS) regulate and coordinate processes and function of organs to maintain homeostasis of the cardiovascular system in response of changes in the internal environment. Frequently, the understanding of the response patterns, interaction reflexes and other factors regulated by ANS, required in vivo studies. The use of anesthetics during the course of experimental protocols and data collection has been a way of solving the problems related of such studies. However, anesthetics depress the nervous system and compromise the conclusions from investigations that rely on functional ANS. Thus, in this work, we sought to validate a decerebrated preparation with individuals of the species Crotalus durissus. Decerebration consists in the ablation of superior brain areas in order to maintain preparations that are incapable of superior processing, perception and sensations of any type, including stress or pain. In these preparations, areas of the brainstem and part of the hypothalamus are maintained. Thus, the cardiovascular homeostasis is maintained. In the present study, we performed series of physiological tests for validated the presence of autonomic responses in the model. In addition, we performed a baroreflex study to understand how effective is the model in representing the intact animal. Decerebrated animals were able to keep hemodynamic variables constant during the tail lift protocol. In the head lift maneuver, the systemic mean arterial pressure (MAP sys) increased to ensure adequate blood supply to the head. In addition, during surface heat application, the heart rate (fH) increased, a cardiovascular response typical of Squamata group members during heating. Pharmacological stimulation of O₂ chemoreceptors induced elevations in fH and changes in net shunt. These tests attest that diverse populations of baroreceptors, O₂ chemoreceptors and temperature sensors have functional afferences generating autonomic reflexes even after the decerebration procedure. This indicates that the ANS of the decerebrated animals remains functional and capable of performing hemodynamic compensations to various perturbations. The study of the baroreflex through the pharmacological method indicated that the decerebrated animals maintain the gain and baroreflex limits similar to intact animals. We conclude that the decerebration doesn’t eliminate the reflexes generated by the centers of cardiovascular integration in the central nervous system (CNS) of rattlesnakes, keeping it functional like intact animals. In addition, isoflurane anesthesia suppresses the baroreflex of the decerebrated animals, modify the responses to autonomic function protocols, and causes a decrease of the mean arterial pressure. Thus, the use of anesthesia in the course of experimental protocols involving autonomic reflexes is not indicated.
A terapia ocupacional como campo de conhecimento científico no Brasil: formação pós-graduada e atuação profissional de seus mestres e doutores
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-05-24) Folha, Otavio Augusto de Araujo Costa; Emmel, Maria Luisa Guillaumon; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0695868190594622; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2475837812932328
Scientific Institutionalization is a current challenge of occupational therapy in Brazil as it celebrates 50 years of its professional regulation. In recent years, there has been an intense movement of Brazilian occupational therapists in the development of strategies to address this challenge. One of these strategies involves monitoring the training and participation of its researchers in the development of research and graduate activities. In this study, the thesis is presented that talking about the involvement of occupational therapists in research does not mean affirming the occurrence of research in occupational therapy. This finding was developed from the characterization of postgraduate education and professional practice of occupational therapists with masters and doctorates in Brazil. This is a descriptive and correlational study, based on documents, with a descriptive and analytical quantitative approach. We analyzed the Lattes Curricula of occupational therapists registered in CNPq Lattes Platform trained and / or working in Brazil. Information was also collected about undergraduate and postgraduate occupational therapists in the Capes Dissertation and Thesis Catalog, the Sucupira Platform and the E-mec Platform. Among the results, it was identified that by the end of 2017, there were 859 masters and 329 doctors in the country. The scientific field of Brazilian occupational therapy consists predominantly of women (93%). It has a late and time-consuming process of constitution, with 62.61% of its masters and doctors graduated from 2010. Their researchers were trained in 237 master's programs and 27 doctoral programs, with the predominance of master's training in 11 areas. Assessment (83%) and PhD in 10 areas (84%). There has been a change in the profile of postgraduate education, influenced by regional diversity and the participation of occupational therapists as mentors in master and doctoral courses. There is considerable regional asymmetry in the distribution of masters and doctors in the Brazilian regions, where 55.47% of postgraduates are located in the Southeast. Only 52% of masters and doctors participate in any research group, and of these, only 59% research occupational therapy. There has been a significant increase in the training of new researchers in undergraduate research and postgraduate studies. More than 90% of the bibliographic production of occupational therapists with master's and doctorate degrees occurred from the 2000s. However, 7 out of 10 articles produced by these professionals do not mention the descriptor “occupational therapy” in its title, abstract and / or words. -key. In this way, several associations were observed between postgraduate education and professional practice that imply the production of scientific knowledge developed by these professionals. The implications of these data for the scientific institutionalization of occupational therapy in Brazil are discussed.