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Estudo experimental da transferência de forças de cisalhamento em pisos mistos de pequena altura com perfil celular de aço e lajes alveolares pré-fabricadas de concreto
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-06-18) Coldebella, Gustavo; Nardin, Silvana de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5587716781980132; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2124657565003200
Alveolar steel beams and precast hollow core concrete slabs on slim floor systems is a very innovative association and brings as main characteristics the ability to overcome large spans and high degree of industrialization, resulting in a light and efficient system from a structural and constructive point of view. However, this association is only achieved when the joint behavior between steel and concrete occurs, with the transfer of forces between the elements. In this context, the objective of the present work is to study the mechanisms responsible for the transfer of shear forces at the steel-concrete interface (cellular beam-hollow core slab). It was evaluated if the reinforcing bars that cross the profile and slab openings and are surrounded by the concrete contribute to the transfer of forces between the elements of the slim floor. The influence of the change of the diameter of the steel bars passing through the openings and the compressive strength of the concrete was also evaluated. For this purpose, six physical models subjected to a push-out test were used: two pilot models and four definitive. It was observed that the presence of the steel bar contributes significantly to both the strength of the bonding and to reducing the steel-concrete relative slip. While the non-rod models presented a post-peak behavior with a strong drop of resistant capacity, in the models with steel bars the behavior was quite ductile presenting residual post-peak capacity very close to the maximum strength resisted. The change in bar diameter and concrete strength influenced both behavior and strength. It was observed that regardless of the presence of steel bar, until the concrete dowel breaking force, the behavior of the models with and without bar is almost identical. The experimental results of applied maximum force were compared to analytical models proposed by other researchers. However, none of the models found in the literature were able to satisfactorily represent the resistant capacity of the models with and without steel bar; only in isolated cases there was a good correlation, and adjustments were necessary in the analytical models in the literature. A good estimate of the theoretical results was obtained using the friction-shear theory.
Análise das condições de desempenho e acessibilidade no reuso de contêineres para fins de comércio e serviços
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-06-18) Bueno, Camila Aparecida Pires; Barreto, Douglas; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7369326190168139; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7938685491803861
Container reuse can be a sustainable construction alternative compared to traditional construction methods because it reduces the use of natural raw materials and the production of waste and disposal. It is important to highlight that, although marine containers seem to be a sustainable and inexpensive alternative for homes, offices and commercial establishments, some adaptations must be designed and made so that this element becomes habitable and offers user comfort. To date, there are no specific standards and studies on the performance and accessibility of container use, thus being a gap in the construction literature. The term sustainability is recurrent, but buildings often do not meet minimum housing requirements. Given this scenario, we saw the need for further study about this building model, which was made through analyzes of different buildings. In this context, the objective of this work was to perform an analysis of the performance and accessibility conditions in the reuse of containers in commercial and service establishments, through questionnaires applied to users. The questionnaire was based on current performance and sustainability standards. From the compilation of data, the results of the analysis were obtained for each requirement and establishments studied, identifying which guidelines fit the standards of performance and accessibility. The best result for the Safety requirement and the worst result for the Thermal Performance was verified. Finally, it was noted the importance of a checklist for checking the most important requirements applied to the types studied and thus establishing a continuous improvement of performance and accessibility for the reuse of containers in construction.
Influência da temperatura e umidade sobre as atividades de voo e sobrevivência de Melipona quadrifasciata Lepeletier, 1836 (Hymenoptera, Apidae, Meliponini)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-06-18) Silva, Cristiane Pereira da; Nocelli, Roberta Cornélio Ferreira; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8934724759636382; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4346092069527052
Bees are the main pollinating agents of native and cultivated angiosperm plants, helping to maintain biodiversity and providing benefits in food production and savings for humans. However, the increase in temperature caused by climate change contributes to other factors, such as the incorrect use of pesticides and the degradation of forest areas in the decline of several species of bees. In this context, it is necessary to understand how the increase in temperature due to climate change will affect pollinators and what the consequences will be in the face of these changes. Thus, the study aimed to determine the average lethal time and average lethal temperatures for species of stingless bees Melipona quadrifasciata Lepeletier, 1836, when exposed to high temperatures, and to investigate the influence of local temperature and relative humidity on the behavior of species foraging. For such purposes, the work was conducted at CCA - Center for Agricultural Sciences at the Federal University of São Carlos, in Araras - SP and subdivided into two stages: In the first stage, four temperatures were tested in the laboratory using BOD 26 (control) 30, 45 and 52ºC to determine the average lethal time (TL50) and lethal temperature based on the Prechet protocol established in 1973. Foraging and foraging activities and temperature measurements were observed and recorded in the dry and rainy seasons. and relative humidity of M. quadrifasciata colonies and the environment in a fragment of seasonal Semideciduous Forest from 8 to 18 hours. The results obtained show that in relation to the exposure to the average lethal time (TL50) and the average lethal temperature, the temperatures of 45 (1 day) and 52º C (5/24) had a worse performance when compared to the temperatures of 26 (34 days) 30ºC (29 days), for causing the mortality of 50% population in a period less than one day for the bee species M. quadrifasciata, thus having significant differences (P <0.05) between the treatments tested in the laboratory. For observations of foraging activity between seasons, a better performance of the dry season (F = 87.053, p <2e-16, p <0.001) was found when compared to rainy (F = 9.204, p 0.000115, p <0.001) in the numbers of entrances and exits bees differentiating from previous works, in which, the rainy season performs better than the dry season. Regarding the influence of the seasons on the collected material (pollen, nectar, other materials) and the disposal of garbage, it was observed that in the dry season the bees had a better performance in relation to the rainy season for all activities (p <0.001) . Another factor observed was the relationship between the behavior of the bees and the performance time of the activities that ran between 8 to 13 hours. Therefore, the work showed a positive result confirming that abiotic factors influence the survival and behavior of M. quadrifasciata. Finally, as a contribution to the study of the influence of abiotic factors on animal behavior, the results obtained can be used as a starting point for modeling and diagnostic studies on the damage and possible consequences of climate change in pollinators and on the availability of flowers and food for bees
A disper(segui)ção da memória em Carandiru
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-06-18) Mariano, Daniel; Baronas, Roberto Leiser; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4613001301744682; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4509275506168798
This assignment investigates, through the Analysis of Discourse by French orientation and through the concepts of erasure (ORLANDI, 2005) and lack of memory (PAVEAU, 2013, 2015), how the discursive memory mobilizes, interdiscursively, with other discourses, with the erasure and with the lack of memory in two narratives which deal with the reports about the Carandiru. So, the mobilized corpus is composed of some statements and linguistic expressions taken from the books "Estação Carandiru" and "Carcereiros" by Drauzio Varella. More specifically, we want to understand the relation between memory, erasure, and lack of memory in the production of meaning that deals with the Carandiru history inscribed in these assignments and their proximity to the implosion of the House of Detention in São Paulo. For the development of the research, we conducted a descriptive course of the corpus and an explanation of the theoretical concepts and during the analysis, we note that the authorship of Drauzio Varella is legitimized by the medical institution, the publishing market and the media and that his FD is affiliated to the scientific discourse, maintaining a discursive relation with the FD of the prisoners, the FD of the jailers and the religious discourse that confers a messianic aura to him. In addition, we note that erasure restricts certain events and discourses as part of the policy of silence settled by Varella in his two books. Thus, the descriptive and objective style interspersed with the terms of the medical knowledge that manage the discourses around the FD by Varella, the choice of which character could say during the narrative and the censorship of certain words end up contributing to the process of lack of memory for some sayings like the words "massacre" and "prison". In this sense, we defend that erasure is a discursive resource that assists and speeds up, in some cases, lack of memory. This became evident when we approximated the discursive memory inscribed in the two assignments, the implosion and the creation of the Youth Park [Parque da Juventude], these three elements erase, silence and demystify Carandiru as a prison.