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Análise das condições de desempenho e acessibilidade no reuso de contêineres para fins de comércio e serviços
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-06-18)
Bueno, Camila Aparecida Pires
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Barreto, Douglas
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7369326190168139
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7938685491803861
Container reuse can be a sustainable construction alternative compared to traditional construction methods because it reduces the use of natural raw materials and the production of waste and disposal. It is important to highlight that, although marine containers seem to be a sustainable and inexpensive alternative for homes, offices and commercial establishments, some adaptations must be designed and made so that this element becomes habitable and offers user comfort. To date, there are no specific standards and studies on the performance and accessibility of container use, thus being a gap in the construction literature. The term sustainability is recurrent, but buildings often do not meet minimum housing requirements. Given this scenario, we saw the need for further study about this building model, which was made through analyzes of different buildings. In this context, the objective of this work was to perform an analysis of the performance and accessibility conditions in the reuse of containers in commercial and service establishments, through questionnaires applied to users. The questionnaire was based on current performance and sustainability standards. From the compilation of data, the results of the analysis were obtained for each requirement and establishments studied, identifying which guidelines fit the standards of performance and accessibility. The best result for the Safety requirement and the worst result for the Thermal Performance was verified. Finally, it was noted the importance of a checklist for checking the most important requirements applied to the types studied and thus establishing a continuous improvement of performance and accessibility for the reuse of containers in construction.
Estudo experimental da transferência de forças de cisalhamento em pisos mistos de pequena altura com perfil celular de aço e lajes alveolares pré-fabricadas de concreto
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-06-18)
Coldebella, Gustavo
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Nardin, Silvana de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5587716781980132
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2124657565003200
Alveolar steel beams and precast hollow core concrete slabs on slim floor systems is a very innovative association and brings as main characteristics the ability to overcome large spans and high degree of industrialization, resulting in a light and efficient system from a structural and constructive point of view. However, this association is only achieved when the joint behavior between steel and concrete occurs, with the transfer of forces between the elements. In this context, the objective of the present work is to study the mechanisms responsible for the transfer of shear forces at the steel-concrete interface (cellular beam-hollow core slab). It was evaluated if the reinforcing bars that cross the profile and slab openings and are surrounded by the concrete contribute to the transfer of forces between the elements of the slim floor. The influence of the change of the diameter of the steel bars passing through the openings and the compressive strength of the concrete was also evaluated. For this purpose, six physical models subjected to a push-out test were used: two pilot models and four definitive. It was observed that the presence of the steel bar contributes significantly to both the strength of the bonding and to reducing the steel-concrete relative slip. While the non-rod models presented a post-peak behavior with a strong drop of resistant capacity, in the models with steel bars the behavior was quite ductile presenting residual post-peak capacity very close to the maximum strength resisted. The change in bar diameter and concrete strength influenced both behavior and strength. It was observed that regardless of the presence of steel bar, until the concrete dowel breaking force, the behavior of the models with and without bar is almost identical. The experimental results of applied maximum force were compared to analytical models proposed by other researchers. However, none of the models found in the literature were able to satisfactorily represent the resistant capacity of the models with and without steel bar; only in isolated cases there was a good correlation, and adjustments were necessary in the analytical models in the literature. A good estimate of the theoretical results was obtained using the friction-shear theory.
Influência da temperatura e umidade sobre as atividades de voo e sobrevivência de Melipona quadrifasciata Lepeletier, 1836 (Hymenoptera, Apidae, Meliponini)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-06-18)
Silva, Cristiane Pereira da
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Nocelli, Roberta Cornélio Ferreira
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8934724759636382
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4346092069527052
Bees are the main pollinating agents of native and cultivated angiosperm plants, helping to maintain biodiversity and providing benefits in food production and savings for humans. However, the increase in temperature caused by climate change contributes to other factors, such as the incorrect use of pesticides and the degradation of forest areas in the decline of several species of bees. In this context, it is necessary to understand how the increase in temperature due to climate change will affect pollinators and what the consequences will be in the face of these changes. Thus, the study aimed to determine the average lethal time and average lethal temperatures for species of stingless bees Melipona quadrifasciata Lepeletier, 1836, when exposed to high temperatures, and to investigate the influence of local temperature and relative humidity on the behavior of species foraging. For such purposes, the work was conducted at CCA - Center for Agricultural Sciences at the Federal University of São Carlos, in Araras - SP and subdivided into two stages: In the first stage, four temperatures were tested in the laboratory using BOD 26 (control) 30, 45 and 52ºC to determine the average lethal time (TL50) and lethal temperature based on the Prechet protocol established in 1973. Foraging and foraging activities and temperature measurements were observed and recorded in the dry and rainy seasons. and relative humidity of M. quadrifasciata colonies and the environment in a fragment of seasonal Semideciduous Forest from 8 to 18 hours. The results obtained show that in relation to the exposure to the average lethal time (TL50) and the average lethal temperature, the temperatures of 45 (1 day) and 52º C (5/24) had a worse performance when compared to the temperatures of 26 (34 days) 30ºC (29 days), for causing the mortality of 50% population in a period less than one day for the bee species M. quadrifasciata, thus having significant differences (P <0.05) between the treatments tested in the laboratory. For observations of foraging activity between seasons, a better performance of the dry season (F = 87.053, p <2e-16, p <0.001) was found when compared to rainy (F = 9.204, p 0.000115, p <0.001) in the numbers of entrances and exits bees differentiating from previous works, in which, the rainy season performs better than the dry season. Regarding the influence of the seasons on the collected material (pollen, nectar, other materials) and the disposal of garbage, it was observed that in the dry season the bees had a better performance in relation to the rainy season for all activities (p <0.001) . Another factor observed was the relationship between the behavior of the bees and the performance time of the activities that ran between 8 to 13 hours. Therefore, the work showed a positive result confirming that abiotic factors influence the survival and behavior of M. quadrifasciata. Finally, as a contribution to the study of the influence of abiotic factors on animal behavior, the results obtained can be used as a starting point for modeling and diagnostic studies on the damage and possible consequences of climate change in pollinators and on the availability of flowers and food for bees
A disper(segui)ção da memória em Carandiru
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-06-18)
Mariano, Daniel
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Baronas, Roberto Leiser
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4613001301744682
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4509275506168798
This assignment investigates, through the Analysis of Discourse by French orientation and through the concepts of erasure (ORLANDI, 2005) and lack of memory (PAVEAU, 2013, 2015), how the discursive memory mobilizes, interdiscursively, with other discourses, with the erasure and with the lack of memory in two narratives which deal with the reports about the Carandiru. So, the mobilized corpus is composed of some statements and linguistic expressions taken from the books "Estação Carandiru" and "Carcereiros" by Drauzio Varella. More specifically, we want to understand the relation between memory, erasure, and lack of memory in the production of meaning that deals with the Carandiru history inscribed in these assignments and their proximity to the implosion of the House of Detention in São Paulo. For the development of the research, we conducted a descriptive course of the corpus and an explanation of the theoretical concepts and during the analysis, we note that the authorship of Drauzio Varella is legitimized by the medical institution, the publishing market and the media and that his FD is affiliated to the scientific discourse, maintaining a discursive relation with the FD of the prisoners, the FD of the jailers and the religious discourse that confers a messianic aura to him. In addition, we note that erasure restricts certain events and discourses as part of the policy of silence settled by Varella in his two books. Thus, the descriptive and objective style interspersed with the terms of the medical knowledge that manage the discourses around the FD by Varella, the choice of which character could say during the narrative and the censorship of certain words end up contributing to the process of lack of memory for some sayings like the words "massacre" and "prison". In this sense, we defend that erasure is a discursive resource that assists and speeds up, in some cases, lack of memory. This became evident when we approximated the discursive memory inscribed in the two assignments, the implosion and the creation of the Youth Park [Parque da Juventude], these three elements erase, silence and demystify Carandiru as a prison.
Dinâmica espacial, influências antrópicas e sazonalidade com enfoque nas aves em ambientes ripários do Parque Nacional da Serra da Canastra, MG, Brasil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-06-19)
Cunha, Isabella Lacativa Dias
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Dias Filho, Manoel Martins
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1346547036069954
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3773651471211732
Birds that depends on wetlands has been the subject of studies by many researchers. However, researches in regions of altitude in the Cerrado are rare. The first chapter of the present study aimed to describe the bird assemblages that inhabit the riparian environments and others wetlands of the Serra da Canastra National Park and analyze the associations between birds and their habitats. The second chapter aimed to investigate the basic ecological aspects of tapaculo-de-Brasília (Scytalopus novacapitalis), a threatened bird dependent on riparian environments and understand the effects of fires and the invasion of javaporco (Sus scrofa) in the occupation of wetlands by the bird. Data were collected between 2015 and 2019, from seasonal samplings at selected stretches or points of rivers and small bodies of water, as well as wetlands distributed on the main plateau of the conservation unit, between 1250 m and 1450 m altitude. Nineteen species were recorded in high altitude areas, being two endangered and the other two migrants from the Neartic. There was a significant difference in the assemblages that make use of the eight different types of habitats sampled, and some have a strong relation with certain habitats. The tapaculo-de-Brasília was strongly territorialist, with a higher rate of detection in the reproductive period. The probability of occupation of riparian environments presented fluctuation along the seasons. When affected by fires, the occupation of habitats by the bird was reduced, but returned to the original parameters after the second post-fire month. In the case of areas invaded by javaporco, there was a continuous drop in habitat occupancy over the months. The results of the two studies indicate that the conservation of key species or specific habitats may bring benefits to other conservation priority species. It is urgent and necessary measures that reduce or impede access to the wetlands by javaporco due to their negative influence on the occupation by the tapaculo-de-Brasília, an endemic bird of wetlands of the Brazilian Cerrado.
Sinterização diferencial e auto-tensionamento: efeitos na condutividade elétrica da Zircônia estabilizada com Ítria
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-06-19)
Goulart, Celso Antonio
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Andreeta, Marcello Rubens Barsi
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7904227795652627
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Morelli, Márcio Raymundo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0172837599844991
Recent researches indicate the possibility of increasing Yttria Stabilized Zirconia (YSZ) electrical conductivity by generating stress states in the material, by applying external loads or by its insertion in multilayer systems. On the other hand, in the past decades, several papers have shown that the formation of defects and the incomplete densification in ceramic composites containing rigid inclusions are related to the emergence of stresses in the matrix due to the phenomena of restricted and differential sintering. In this work, these phenomena were induced in 8 mol% Yttria Stabilized Zirconia (8YSZ) matrices by means of controlled addition of different contents of rigid inclusions of sintered ceramic particles with different shapes (spherical and jagged), sizes (60-200 µm) and compositions (8YSZ, 3YSZ and alumina). The effects of residual stresses after sintering on the electrical conductivity of 8YSZ were evaluated and, under specific conditions, the addition of 1 vol% of YSZ irregular rigid inclusions led to an increase of 36% in total electrical conductivity compared to samples without inclusions. Computer simulations provided additional information on the development and evolution of stresses during sintering.
Por uma ciência da linguagem no/do Brasil: percursos e irrupções teóricas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-06-19)
Ruiz, Marco Antonio Almeida
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Angermuller, Johannes
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Baronas, Roberto Leiser
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4613001301744682
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4613888575492521
For a long time, linguistics in Brazil developed, basically, from reflections undertaken from european and north american theoretical models, whose objective was to choose (or import) a certain vision about the language and apply it over data in brazilian portuguese. Currently, our linguistics – Brazil’s linguistics – perhaps more mature and established, count on its own models that take language as object of its reflection. So, it’s not about to highlight one theory or another, raising its positive or negative aspects, but to recognize that brazilian researchers drank from foreigner wells, adapting and utilizing whatever good they found in the best way possible. In a scientific paper, whose title is Uma teoria brasileira do idioma, published in the magazine Língua Portuguesa, on April 2012, Módolo and Braga wrote about some linguistic theories developed by brazilians knowledged in our last years’ territory. The authors highlight, e.g., the Gramática construtural da língua portuguesa from Back and Mattos (1972); the Sociolinguística paramétrica from Tarallo and Kato (1989); and the Abordagem multissistêmica from Ataliba Teixeira de Castilho (2010). Related to discourses’ field of study, we see constant reformulations and theoretical propositions that can be thought of in the brazilian way, such as the Semiótica da canção (Semiotics of the song), proposed by Luiz Tatit (2007); the Teoria do silêncio (Silence theory), from Eni Orlandi (2007); the Semântica do Acontecimento (Event Semantic), proposed by Eduardo Guimarães (2005); and the Teoria dos estereótipos básicos e opostos (Basic and Opposing stereotypes theory) from Sírio Possenti (2010). As an effect, such theories build their own theoretical objects differently, although taking discourse as object of observation. To this Ph.D. research, we understand discourse studies as a group of disciplines that has language, overlapped in its different orders (linguistics, enunciatives, historical) and expressed in distinct materialities (verbal, visual, verbal-visual), as an object of study. This way, based on theoretical assumptions from french discourse analysis, mainly on the thoughts about the notion of discourse event and narrative event, from Jacques Guilhaumou (2009), we have as objective to investigate the writing of discourse analysis’ history in our country, considering its different aspects and the different discourse flows that developed in our scenario after its reception and institutionalization in 1980, constituting it through a heterogeneous research network capable of composing a singular field, the discourse Studies. Thus, our corpus is composed of three brazilian discourse theory work, which are: Humor, língua e discurso (2010) from Sírio Possenti; Ironia em perspectiva polifônica (2008) from Beth Brait; and As formas do silêncio: no movimento dos sentidos (2007) from Eni Orlandi. Such narratives, beyond (re)visiting foreigner theories, aim towards providing new research methodologies from new angles’ perspectives, promoting reflections about the way of doing science itself – metadiscoursive event – and a particular way for brazilian discourse analysis.
"Jesus, a porta, Kardec, a chave”: a apropriação do Novo Testamento pelo segmento espírita
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-06-19)
Torres, Natália Cannizza
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Souza, André Ricardo de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7016915324466152
Towards the arrival of the spiritism in Brazil, many have been the currents adopted by the adherents of this doctrine, within the triple aspect: religious, philosophical and scientific. This research turns to the religious side, focusing on something that arose in the middle of the last century, but gained momentum of propagation in the last decade: the systematized study of the New Testament, that began mainly in Belo Horizonte and has been disseminating nationally. The investigation has been done with the biblical study groups coordinators, mainly from Minas Gerais, but also from São Carlos, a city in the interior of São Paulo which also stands out for the spiritist activity, and where has been done a field research. The research points that the biblical study has been forming a new spiritist structural practice. Through this research we seek to understand the dissemination of this practice as a relevant factor for the big spiritist growth within this decade.
Enhancing solar flare forecasting: a multi-class and multi-label classification approach to handle imbalanced time series
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-06-21)
Discola Junior, Sérgio Luisir
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Fernandes, Marcio Merino
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7278634019537967
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2273792806455594
Solar flares are huge releases of energy from the Sun. They are categorized in five levels according to their potential damage to Earth (A, B, C, M, and X) and may produce strong impacts to communication systems, threatening human activities dependent on satellites and GPS. Therefore, predicting it in advance may reduce their negative impacts. However, solar flare forecasting has significant challenges: (a) the sequence of data influences the phenomena and should be tracked; (b) the features and intervals that cause and influence the phenomena are not defined; (c) the forecasting should be performed in an affordable time; (d) the data is highly imbalanced, (e) adjacent classes are sometimes difficult to distinguish, (f) the majority approaches perform binary forecasting (aggregating solar flare classes), instead of multi-class, as actually required. This work proposed a method that tackles these challenges simultaneously, being different from previous works, which tend to handle a challenge per time. First, we aimed to forecast the X-ray levels expected for the next few days. We proposed the SeMiner method that allows the labels prediction given past observations. SeMiner processes X-ray time series into sequences employing the new Series-to-Sequence (SS) al- gorithm through a sliding window approach configured by a domain specialist. This method allows to consider the sequence of instances in the mining process, handling challenge (a). Next, feature selection is employed in order to determine which interval of data in the time series, most influences the forecasting process, handling challenge (b). Then, the processed sequences are submitted to a traditional classifier to generate a model that predicts future X-ray levels. SeMiner reached 73% of accuracy for a 2-day forecast, 71% and 79%, respec- tively for True Positive and True Negative Rates. Second, we parallelized SS to increase its performance, in order to tackle issue (c), by implementing it in CUDA platform. This implementation allowed a speedup of 4.36 in its time processing due to the distribution of the processing among the GPUs (Graphics Processing Unit). Third, we improved SeMiner to tackle the remaining challenges by developing a new method called Ensemble of classifiers for imbalanced datasets (ECID). For each solar flare class, ECID employs a stratified random sampling for training binary-class base inducers, strength- ening their sensitivity to a given class in a very imbalanced scenario, which tackled issue (d). Using a modified bootstrap approach, an aggregation method combines the inducers results, enabling a multi-class and multi-label forecasting and thus, handling the issue of adjacent classes (challenge (e)). The results showed that ECID is well-suited for forecasting solar flares, achieving a maximum mean of True Positive Rate (TPR) of 91% and a Precision of 97%, in a time horizon of one day.
Análise da demanda de vagas de estacionamento na Universidade Federal de São Carlos - Campus São Carlos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-06-24)
Krauser, Guilherme de Almeida
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Hirosue, Fernando Hideki
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4091598921285700
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8848491611175375
The demand for parking spaces at the Federal University of São Carlos increases year after year with the inclusion of an increasing number of courses and students enrolled in on-site undergraduate and graduate programs. The analysis of this demand can be done considering the UFSCar campus as a Travel Generator Hub, since, based on that, it is possible to characterize the types of trips attracted to this establishment. This enables the use of methods (such as the CET (1983) or the ITE (2008)) that specifically preach about travel demand in higher education institutions. Still looking at the current situation of vacancies offered on campus, a study is needed to determine if they, in general, meet specifications dictated by transit agencies in Brazil. This study is also related to the arrangement of parking spaces. Vehicles parked on the São Carlos campus were counted on five different dates to define the critical demand and, in a later stage, the value obtained was compared with the number of spaces that the Nunes Method (2005) dictates to be necessary. The current deficit is approximately one thousand vacancies, showing that now and in a ten-year horizon, the demand will not be met. A comparison was also made with other existing methods: that of CET (1983) has the number of spaces met, while those of DENATRAN (2001) and São Carlos (2011) do not.
"Nós fizemos uma eleição...": regularidades e rememorações de erros pela lente da Rede Globo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-06-24)
Fabbri Junior, Duílio
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Sargentini, Vanice Maria Oliveira
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1406919572611392
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7077279316581959
This thesis brings as an analytical gesture a look at the errors and regularities of the discourse of Rede Globo, one of the largest communication media in the world. The corpus of analysis is the commemorative series for the 50 years of the broadcasting, exhibited in the Jornal Nacional in April 2015, with extension to the site Memória Globo. The general objectives were to investigate how the errors in coverage in the area of politics were constituted during the series' placement, as well as to identify and problematize the discursive characteristics of remembrance, celebration and memory in the official history constructed by the broadcaster. We sought to outline the discursive processes that support supposed apologies for two facts: the coverage of the manifestation by Diretas Já in 1984 and the edition of the debate between Fernando Collor de Melo and Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva, in 1989. In search of regularities and dispersions, the discourses of the Rede Globo about the error in on-line and off-line platforms were investigated. Such approaches were compared with coverage of the broadcaster in 2018, during the national majority elections. The theoretical-methodological body is Discourse Analysis, based on the discursive order of Michel Foucault, in dialogue with Michel Pêcheux and Franco-Brazilian authors. The analysis showed that Rede Globo uses the same strategies in the past and the present, tough with different effects, depending on the conditions of production and the material supports, repeating ways to excuse errors, considering the political and social effects of its performance and discourses put into circulation.
Programa EAD "Vida Independente" para familiares de jovens e adultos com deficiência intelectual
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-06-24)
Zutião, Patricia
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Almeida, Maria Amélia
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0316944549621648
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0128895328177900
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of the online program "Independent Life", which was implemented with families of young people and adults with intellectual disabilities. 10 relatives and their children / relatives, young people / adults with intellectual disabilities aged 17 to 39 years participated in the program. The program was offered in the Distance Learning modality, had national coverage (at least one participant from each geographic region) and had theoretical and practical activities, in which, in addition the discussing of relevant topics, family members planned and implemented teaching of an adaptive activity for young people / adults with intellectual disabilities. Six instruments were used to collect data: initial questionnaire; Support Intensity Scale; Learning Record Protocol; Protocol for the Evaluation of Skills Taught to Youth / Adults with Intellectual Disabilities; Follow-up questionnaire e; Social Validity Questionnaire. The data were analyzed in a qualitative and quantitative way, considering the performance of relatives in the Independent Living Program; performance of young people with ID; and Social Validity of the Study. The data demonstrate that the program was effective in teaching and learning family members of young people / adults with Intellectual Disabilities. Family members demonstrated upward performance in theoretical activities and, in practices, it can be seen that, through the concepts learned, they modified their attitudes and forms of teaching towards their children / family members with intellectual disabilities, providing support only when necessary, which resulted in increasing independence, and consequently decreasing the intensity of support. Such skills learned by young people / adults with intellectual disabilities can help their independence in carrying out other activities of the same or other areas of those that were taught during the program. In general, family members were satisfied with the program and highlighted its importance in their lives and that of their families. Such skills learned by young people / adults with intellectual disabilities can help their independence in carrying out other activities in the same or other areas of those that were taught during the program. In general, family members were satisfied with the program and highlighted its importance in their lives and for their family. It is considered that more programs like this, planned for family members of young people and adults with intellectual disabilities, should be proposed, in order to assist them in the way of teaching, among other things.
Identificação automática de equivalência de conceitos em diferentes idiomas para aprendizado sem fim
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-06-24)
Marino, Silvio Carlos
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Hruschka Júnior, Estevam Rafael
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2097340857065853
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5788922136217687
Artificial Intelligence (AI) refers to a machine capable of systematizing and automating tasks that require intelligence when performed by humans. With AI it may be possible to create a decision-making process with an ever-smaller margin of error. In this sense, the project Read the Web and an endless learning computing system called NELL (Never- Ending Language Learning) were created. NELL performs an endless learning process to learn how to read the web better and better. With the success of obtaining knowledge in English, the system was modeled to learn how to extract facts from web pages in other languages, such as Portuguese, French and Spanish. However, the knowledge learned in the different languages is not directly related. Therefore, the main motivation of the research is to develop a mechanism capable of transferring knowledge from one base to another, using machine learning to automatically tell if concepts learned in different languages are the same. The results of the experiments, with the use of neural networks, C4.5 and XGBoost as a model of machine learning, show a significant gain in comparison with the simple use of dictionaries.
O elogio do logos em Gorgias
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-06-25)
Simoni, Luca dos Santos
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Galgano, Nicola Stefano
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0264905850746909
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Souza, Eliane Christina de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5658382257368048
This work aims to discuss how, by an articulation between tree essays of Górgias, "On Nature", "Encomium of Helen" and "Defense of Palamedes", we can see logos as a central but even so problematic concept meaning, depending on the circumstances, "Speech\ lenguage" and "word". From the tree thesis enunciated on the essay "On Nature" we will try to show how the gorgian concept of logos can allow us to build an immage of lenguage wich,having a relativistic pattern, is unable to say the being of things: its dominium isn't the one of the knowledge of the Thruth but the one of the human relations giving priority on the action of the speech on the subjectivity of the ones who are listening, aiming create a belief through persuation. The central paragraphs of the Helena fit in this speculative cenario, when Gorgias shows logos as an instrument of persuation and ilusion by the fact of doxa being the only intelectual instance reachable by the man .
O impacto da invasão por Hedychium coronarium J. König (Zingiberaceae) em áreas ripárias
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-06-25)
Zanatta, Mariane Patrezi
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Boschi, Raquel Stucchi
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5774095142035730
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Matos, Dalva Maria da Silva
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4728734263109138
Riparian environments are increasingly being modified by human activities and this causes changes in vegetation dynamics. Native species are being replaced by exotic and invasive ones. Impacts of plant invasions in these environments include changes in ecosystem processes, organic matter entry, nutrient cycling, microbial communities, decomposition, and soil attributes. We evaluated the impact of Hedychium coronarium on litter biomass production, nutrient cycling and decomposition in invaded and noninvaded areas. In addition, we have looked at general trends in research on plant invasions in riparian environments in last decades. The one-year study in two distinct riparian environments showed that litter production does not differ between invaded and non-invaded areas. Moreover, this production is not uniform throughout the year, and there is an increase in the dry season. The impact of H. coronarium invasion on litter and soil nutrients depends on the ecological context of the environment and soil attributes, mainly the texture; in nitrogen-poor soils with a sandy clay loam texture, H. coronarium appears to increase the total N concentration in the soil. In the decomposition, our results showed a significant effect of the environmental treatment (non-invaded area) and the interaction between the seasonal treatment and the type of detritus (higher decomposition in dry season with vegetal species and dry season with mixed detritus too). We also found a higher amount of organic matter (OM) in the non-invaded area. In addition, studies with invasion in riparian environments are recent, this topic had an increase in a number of publications only in 2007. We conclude that to better understand the invasion of H. coronarium in riparian environments it is necessary to consider the species in each context and environment of invasion; besides the importance of studying the soil in these types of studies.
Processo integrado de eletrocoagulação e cultivo mixotrófico de Desmodesmus subspicatus em vinhaça de cana-de-açúcar
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-06-25)
Saavedra, Mauricio Daniel Montaño
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Concha, Viktor Oswaldo Cárdenas
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0661599261187131
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Bastos, Reinaldo Gaspar
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9329363278429665
Brazil is the largest sugarcane ethanol biofuel producer of the world. The productive process generates a considerable quantity of vinasse, its main wastewater. Therefore, the vinasse disposal is one of the major challenges involved in the ethanol production. Although fertirrigation is permitted by environmental legislation, such volume is limited and the remaining vinasse needs to be treated for its disposal into the environment. Microalgae cultivation has been considered a promising vinasse treatment, because its biomass could be an interesting source of valuable bioproducts. However, due to the physicochemical characteristics of vinasse (high turbidity and acid pH), it would be advantageous to perform a pretreatment process in order to adequate the effluent as a culture medium and to allow better light incidence in it. By this way, the objective of the research was to evaluate the integrated process of electrocoagulation with subsequent Desmodesmus subspicatus microalgae mixotrophic culture in sugarcane vinasse. For this purpose, several electrocoagulation experiments were carried out with raw vinasse in a laboratory electrolytic reactor, evaluating the influence of the electrode material (aluminum or iron), spacing between plates (1-3 cm), current density (2.2-20.0 mA cm-2), agitation (0-680 rpm) and sludge separation method (sedimentation or filtration). The electrocoagulation results indicated high turbidity removal and pH adequation, from initially acid vinasse (vinasse pH ≈ 4) to values up to standard BG11 medium (BG11 pH ≈ 7.4) in all experimental conditions, which allowed direct culture of D. subspicatus without any additional treatment. At optimized conditions (aluminum electrodes spaced 1 cm, 6.1 mA cm-2 and 430 rpm) and using filtration for sludge separation, it was obtained 99.8, 40.3 and 55.5 turbidity, total organic carbon and total nitrogen removal. It was dosed dosage of 1.6 g L-1 of Al+3 by the electrolysis, which represented an electric consumption of 8.0 kWh m-3 and a process cost of R$ 14.10 m-3. The cultivation of D. subspicatus in the pre-treated vinasse showed better results using aluminum electrodes in relation to iron. The vinasse clarification achieved by the electrocoagulation process potentiated the microalga growth, achieving a higher productivity in mixotrophic cultivation (10.0 x106 cell mL-1 day-1) than heterotrophic cultivation (3.5 x106 cell mL-1 day-1). The total organic carbon and total nitrogen removal reached by the integrated process was 69.6 and 80.9%, respectively. The biomass characterization showed a lipid and protein content of 8.6 and 25.3%, respectively. It was obtained high lipid and protein productivities (75.3 and 208.2 mg L-1 day-1, respectively). Therefore, it was concluded that the integrated electrocoagulation process with subsequent D. subspicatus mixotrophic cultivation in sugarcane vinasse was technically feasible and would allow microalgae biomass, lipids and proteins production, and simultaneously, vinasse treatment.
Contribuição para determinação do módulo de deformação à compressão de aparelhos de apoio elastoméricos simples
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-06-25)
Merlos, Renata Soares
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Ferreira, Marcelo de Araújo
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4199122391532470
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2768059855317468
The elastomers, also known as neoprene, have been widely used in the precast concrete constructions in Brazil, due to its good performance in connections subjected to compression. Thus elastomeric bearing pads are the most commonly used today, their behavior on compressed elements is complex. This complexity of behavior derives mainly from the difference in the properties of the elastomer relative to other commonly used materials and from the variation of stresses and deformations of the elastomers as the compression stresses are increased. In this sense, this study aimed to characterize, through an experimental program, the behavior to the simple compression of the plain elastomeric bearing pads, through the experimental determination of the tangent compression modulus of deformation (modulus of elasticity) and the compression stiffness of these elements. Through the experimental program proposed in this study, as well as the analysis of the tests results, it was confirmed that the calibration of the equation established by NBR 9062: 2017 was satisfactory to evaluate the deformability of the plain elastomeric bearing pads. Furthermore, the tests can be used to verify the conformity of the shear modulus values obtained experimentally, relative to the values indicative of correspondence with the Shore A hardness and, therefore, the quality control of the elastomer. Also, it was possible to adequacy a procedure that could be reproduced with simple equipment, that is, hydraulic actuator with constant force application. Finally, it was found that the higher the speed of application of the load in the test, the greater the rigidity obtained for a plain elastomeric bearing pad.
Reconhecendo a geometria espacial: uma proposta de ensino a partir de atividades contextualizadas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-06-25)
Moraes, Lucas Garcia de
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Noel Filho, Antonio
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5234064498436000
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4307145163578435
The inspiration for this work comes from the observation in the difficulties of the majority of the students of the CEEJA in finding the literal sense of the study of the spatial geometry. In order to contribute to the development of the necessary skills to better understand the geometric concepts, we restructure a workshop a workshop related to the theme, giving it a new focus and searching through it, analyze the development of the participating students with the intent to respond the following question: do the practical activities bring significant results in the Youth and Adult Education of the CEEJA? All the elaboration of this work was carried out in agreement with the PCN, the resolution SE 75/2018 that regulates on the organization of the EJA courses, in the State Centers of Education of Youths and Adults, besides the internal rules of the CEEJA - Votorantim, place where all this happened. We carried out a survey on the profile of the students enrolled, as well as an analysis of the work already done in the place. The research on the profile of the students was carried out during the year of 208 in the act of enrollment of each one of them and the group that integrated the workshop was formed by students who registered by their own will, all the way when we arrived at the mark of 32 enrolled, we closed the inscriptions so that a very large group did not form, since this could hinder our analysis. The data collection was according to the devolution of the requested tasks to the students and we ended up making a comparison with the final results obtained by these students with the results of another group of students who did not participate in the workshop.
Estrutura e interpretação de situações-problema em matemática: uma análise baseada na semântica formal
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-06-25)
Agostini, Tainara Duro
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Conde, Dirceu Cleber
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2630773088169073
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5722724183192283
This dissertation investigates the difficulty of interpreting mathematical story problems, considering the semantic relations established between the natural language in statements and the meaning in the mathematical language. The research was divided into two moments: firstly it has been a contact with four students of the junior school in order to understand how they have interpreted and how they related the meaning and reference in situations considered as simpler; secondly it has been the analysis of six story problem of three differentiated junior school years books with the thematic percentage. In this way, we had investigated the difficulties that occasionally arise in the interpretation of the statements of story problems, since the solution requires a logical-formal thought constitutive of the mathematical language. In order to avoid common sense, we have searched to understand and to analyze the various linguistic and structural reasons and aspects, which cause challenges, as well as competent individuals in mother tongue and mathematics. In addition, we had noticed that there was remarkable importance in the construction and form of the commands, sometimes composed by questions and others by imperative sentences, since they are always in search of a fulfillment to his x. Thus, some linguistic phenomena students can deal with in the wrong way, such as synonymy, paraphrase and logical entailment, have been worked on and can also be used in the interpretative process of the utterance. The analysis was based, firstly, on the questionnaire applied to some students, so that later it was possible to examine the statements of textbooks with a closer look.
O Superior Tribunal de Justiça em três atos: a política e os discursos na preparação, criação e consolidação da corte
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-06-26)
Policarpo, Douglas
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Noronha, Eduardo Garuti
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6908348693613769
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4331316213054804
This research analyzes the construction of political discourses that involved the creation of the Superior Court of Justice [Superior Tribunal de Justiça – STJ]. The analysis takes place on the last three major moments of judicial reform, that is, during the political clashes that occurred at the time of the Constitutional Amendment nº 7 of 1977, during the National Constituent Assembly of 1987-88 and, finally, in the 1992 to 2004, the year in which the constitutional amendment nº 45 was promulgated. The historical evolution of the federal justice system and the Federal Supreme Court in the periods prior to the origin of the Superior Court of Justice in 1988, in order to study as did the elaboration of the ideational discourses of these actors with the other powers of the Republic and in the political struggles prior to the completion of the reforms. In continuation, and already constituted the STJ, it examines how this Court and its ministers used the ideational constructions to occupy and gain spaces of power next to the own members of the judiciary and in the debates with the other actors, seeking a greater legitimacy and importance in the national scenario. From the analysis of shorthand notes, primary documents and interviews, the research concluded that historically the political demands moderated the Judiciary to the wills and articulations of the other powers, especially to the Executive. Since the ideational or discursive constructions, over time, specifically protected the interests of the Supreme Court, when structural and organizational changes engendered at the 1987-88 Constitutional Assembly. This political game made possible the creation of the Superior Court of Justice [STJ], which took over much of the attributions and influence of the Supreme Court and launched a new actor who was much more attentive to political issues and articulated in the occupation of spaces and influence with the other powers and the society. Finally, it was also noted that although the efforts of the members of the STJ to obtain political gains they have not been able to undertake the institutional changes towards its most notorious respectability and importance as court responsible for the last word in the interpretation in the infraconstitutional law.