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Estudo sobre dor lombar crônica e depressão de idosos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-06-27)
Donatti, Ariel
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Pavarini, Sofia Cristina Iost
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1983620301963081
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Inouye, Keika
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7558935747100052
Population ageing causes an increase in the prevalence of chronic diseases and functionality impairment. The depressive symptoms and chronic lumbar pain have been affecting a growing number of senior persons and have become important subjects of investigation. In that sense, this study was designed to determine the relationship between the intensity of the lumbar pain, the impairment generated by that pain and the presence of depressive symptoms in senior persons who are independent in their basic daily activities. The character of the study was descriptive, qualitative and cross-sectional. We analyzed a sample of independent elderly persons suffering from chronic lumbar pain (n=46) registered at the Family Health Units (Unidades Saúde da Família) in the municipality of São Carlos, São Paulo state. The following items were use to collect data: Elderly Characterization Record, Multidimensional Pain Assessment Scale - EMADOR (MPAS), Roland-Morris Disability Questionnaire and the Geriatric Depression Scale - GDS. The data collected were input into a databank in the software Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) for Windows to perform descriptive analyses and a Spearman correlational analysis. The National Health Council ethic guidelines regarding research with human beings were fully respected. Most senior persons describe their lumbar pain as painful, persistently and uncomfortably. The results indicate that more intense pain negatively affects appetite, interpersonal relationships and mobility. The correlational analyses have demonstrated a significant relationship between the intensity of the lumbar pain and the number of depressive symptoms with a weak and directly proportional magnitude (rho=0.302, p=0.041). Besides, we observed a significant relationship between the number of disabilities/ limitations caused by the lumbar pain and the number of depressive symptoms with a moderate and directly proportional magnitude (rho=0.403, p=0.005).
Significados da dor musculoesquelética crônica: uma perspectiva da psicossomática psicanalítica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-06-27)
Borini, Cleiber Henrique
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Saltareli, Simone
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5134202729909270
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Hortense, Priscilla
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7153278628783234
Objective: To know and analyze the meanings involved in the life history of people with chronic musculoskeletal pain from the perspective of the psychoanalytic psychosomatic. Method: qualitative research, anchored by the theoretical reference of the psychoanalytic psychosomatic. The study was attended by 20 people who presented chronic muscular pain and who were treated with physical therapy in a clinic in a city in the interior of the State of São Paulo, as they were invited to talk about their pains and their lives. Data collection was performed through semi-structured interviews and analyzed through thematic content analysis. Results and Discussion: The participants' ages ranged from 18 to 82 years, the majority of them female and gonarthrosis was the most prevalent disease. Most of the participants presented pain for more than 5 years. The analysis of the material resulted in two themes "Life under pain, life difficult and "My life, my body is a hematoma, a chronic pain". The first theme reflected the life of existences and lives in the reports of actions for patients and work for lived in many cases patients in life processes. In the second theme, there are opportunities that are associated with the reporting of intense sufferings. This theme was deployed in two sub-themes: "Emotional-affective suffering" and "After a feeling, a pain comes". The first sub-theme was related to experiences of illness and / or loss of family members, situations of intrafamily violence, abandonment, relationships denoting lack or absence of adverse effects, in addition to conflicting relationships between family members. The second sub-theme covers the explicit accounts in which such experiences occasioned physical pain. In general, the results permeate an important issue for the psychosomatic - the link between biography and pain. There have been reports of events in their lives, of significant experiences in which the participants more or less consciously associated these experiences with their chronic musculoskeletal pain, since such pains appeared almost simultaneously, only some time later or were associated with some significant event . Conclusion: From the perspective of the psychoanalytic psychosomatics, several meanings of chronic musculoskeletal pain were identified, from violence, threats, resentments, illnesses, deaths, guilts and marital separations. From what was presented in this study it is important to consider the importance and necessity of investigating the subjectivity, biography and experience of people living with chronic musculoskeletal pain as part of the professional conducts for the treatment and management of pain, even though instruments to attest to the presence of alexithymia or to understand that the explanations of somatizations are in the failure of representation.
O Ensino de História da Educação nos cursos de Pedagogia
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-06-27)
Batista, Aldrei Jesus Galhardo
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Bittar, Marisa
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3059723520472948
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0853894851232611
This document has as its core the study of the discipline of History of Education, in the courses of Pedagogy in Brazil and also of the São Paulo State. Its objectives are: 1. to contribute to the field of teaching of History of Education, in the format of disciplines, for the Graduation in Pedagogy and, 2. to contribute to the field of research in History of Education, while a scientific field of research in Education. This document refers to a bibliographical research on the history of teaching (discipline) and on the research’s history, in History of Education, as well as an unpublished, quantitative and qualitative research on the current scenario of Pedagogy courses and of the History of Education discipline for the formation of pedagogues, based on the data provided by the Ministry of Education and, secondly, on three curriculum of Pedagogy courses of those institutions in São Paulo State, considering its teaching programs of History of Education. It is based on the field’s concepts and scientific field (associated with the concept of habitus), present in the sociological theory of Pierre Bourdieu and seeks to read the particular object, the discipline of History of Education, from its relations with the general , in the public educational policies for the training of teachers and pedagogues, expressed in the National Curricular Guidelines in Resolution CNE / CP No. 1, of February 18, 2002 (teacher training), in Resolution CNE / CP No. 1 of May 15 of 2006 (pedagogues training) and Resolution CNE / CP No. 2, of July 1, 2015 (teacher training), as part of a Brazilian education and society project. Therefore, it was a question of analyzing the History of Education discipline, in the curriculum of Pedagogy courses, from the present dialectical relations between these disciplines and all their determinants of the field of teaching. Based on the problem of space loss in the History of Education, regarding the education, versus the increasing prestige and space gain of the History of Education, in the field of Education research, we announce as thesis that: the discipline of History of Education suffered two major cuts in regards the curriculum of Pedagogy, the first in the period of the military regime in the 1970s with the institution of professional qualifications, and the second after the educational reforms of the 1990s, culminating in national curricular guidelines at the beginning of the 21st century. For the reading and interpretation of the unpublished data, the following categories of analysis are used: "Governmental curriculum model", "Public x Private", "Teaching models", "Regionalities", "Programs", "Terminology", "Quantitative and time "and" Teaching profile ". The presentation of the Chapters shows that there are no indications of a definite exclusion of the discipline in the Pedagogy curriculum and that the challenge that is placed in the present moment is the one of which must be its role for the formation of the pedagogue, what will be its objectives and how to organize what is intended to teach within a discipline that occupies a very restricted space in the curriculum.
Identificação dos parâmetros do modelo de Drucker-Prager/CAP para estudo da densificação mecânica de alumina atomizada
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-06-27)
Rocco, Filipe Oliveira
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Canto, Rodrigo Bresciani
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1316268411830615
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8729026743402707
Pressing followed by sintering is among the most versatile materials processing routes and suits different classes of materials: ceramic, polymeric and metallic. In the last decade, this processing route has been gaining prominence in the industrial scenario. Pressing is a critical step in the process, as any nonhomogeneity introduced during this step is able to adversely affect the mechanical properties of the final (sintered) component. Thereby, the computational simulation of the pressing process is an important tool for the study and optimization of its main parameters. Mainly, the method allows the visualization and optimization of the pressing process before any investment is made in tooling projects and experimental tests. In order to obtain reliable results aided by the finite element method, it is necessary to first adopt a suitable material model for the mechanical compaction of the powder and, secondly, to follow a consistent calibration methodology of this model in order to determine its parameters with precision and consistency. The present work proposed the study of the process of cold pressing of alumina. For this purpose, the Drucker-Prager/Cap model implemented in Abaqus, a commercial finite element software, was used. The main objective of this project is the formulation of an experimental procedure to reliably calibrate the parameters of the constitutive model. The parameters of the model were calibrated by means of an experimental methodology, combining results obtained through different mechanical tests and taking into account the phenomenology of compaction of the particulate materials.
O homem de Rousseau: da natureza à solidão
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-06-27)
Monzani, Luiz Henrique Alves de Souza
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Nascimento, Luís Fernandes dos Santos
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3654785629696808
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5199031927733175
Notre hypothèse de travail est de comprendre la formulation du concept de l'homme en trois périodes différentes de l'œuvre de Rousseau. Le point de départ est la comparaison entre l'homme sauvage et l'homme social; dans un second temps, analyser les formulations morales présentes dans Emile afin de comprendre les concepts clés chez Rousseau comme la conscience et la piété. Finalement, notre attention se tourne vers les dernier sécrits de Rousseau, les écrits autobiographiques où nous tenterons de démontrer qu'il y a une philosophie sur l'homme, le bonheur et l'existence derrière la partie littéraire où Rousseau raconte certains faits de sa vie.
Estudo sobre a convivência com crianças e a esperança de idosos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-06-27)
Vasques Peres, Elisa
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Pavarini, Sofia Cristina Iost
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1983620301963081
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Inouye, Keika
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7558935747100052
The increase in longevity, epidemiologic transition and the sociocultural changes affect family structure and make the intergenerational interactions more frequent. Therefore the coexistence of senior persons and children significantly increases and can trigger positive and/or negative elements affecting the quality of life of both groups. Studies indicate that living with children can be a source of social support or a burden related to the overload with care and responsibilities placed on the elderly. Given the aforementioned, this study purported to identify association between the hopefulness level of the elderly and the presence of children in the household. The study was descriptive, qualitative and cross-sectional. The participants in this research were elderly persons living with other senior persons registered at the Family Health Program Units (FHUs) in the municipality of São Carlos – São Paulo state, split into two groups, denominated as follows (a) Group of senior persons living with other senior persons and children (n=18), (b) Groups of senior persons living with other elderly but not living with children (n=18). The data was collected by means of interviews with the following instruments: (a) Elderly Characterization Record and (b) Herth Hope Index. The data collected were input into a databank in the software Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) for Windows to perform descriptive analyses to characterize the demographic and hope profile of the elderly; Pearson Chi-Square Test to compare the proportion of the variables gender, schooling and socio-economic level Mann-Whitney Test to compare the average ages of the groups; Mann-Whitney Test to identify the association between the variables hope of the elderly and the presence of children in the household. The ethical guidelines regarding research with human beings were thoroughly respected. The full scores of the groups not living with children was 38.39 points (DP=5.95, xmin=27.00, xmax=48.00) and the group living with children was 43.39 (DP=4.45, xmin=31.00, xmax=48.00). This difference was significant (U=81.000, p=0.010). Therefore, the hopefulness of the group living with children was higher than in the group not living with children. In this way, the results can serve as a basis for the creation of projects and services with an emphasis on the intergenerational relations of the elderly and children, maximizing the benefits and intervening in the negative points, collaborating to increase the quality of life of both parties.
Do Fome Zero ao Bolsa Família: os embates intragovermantais ma transformação do programa em política pública
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-06-27)
Barboza, Victor Hugo
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Diniz, Simone
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9726360676770459
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7166849362513698
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https://orcid.org/0009-0009-8337-9872
The present research proposes to analyze how the transformation of the main pre-election government program, the Programa Fome Zero, to the Programa Bolsa Família occurred. The proposed analysis seeks to contribute to the literature of public policies and presidential choices through a specific program and how the change of this policy occurred due to clashes within the Workers Party and in the ministerial spheres in a debate between the events occurred with the main theories of public policies of authors such as Kingdon (2003), Hall (1993), Campbell (2002), and Sabatier & Hank Jenkins – Smith (1999). Such research, where there was a migration from one public policy to another, it was necessary to seek the intragovernmental factors and the formations of different coalitions within the Workers Party in the power struggle for a public policy and also to analyze the preferences of President Lula, trying to understand how he acted before, during and after the process of transforming the Programa Fome Zero into the Programa Bolsa Família.
Efeitos da infusão de células-tronco mesenquimais sobre o músculo esquelético em modelo de diabetes mellitus
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-06-27)
Luna, Genoveva L. Flores
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Anibal, Fernanda de Fretias
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4918261968772806
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Leal, Ângela Merice de Oliveira
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7202663545989206
Aim of the Study: The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of Mesenchymal Stromal Cell (MSCs) transplantation on motor function and collagen organization in type 1 diabetes mellitus rat skeletal muscles. Materials and Methods: Male Wistar rats were randomly assigned to 3 groups: Control (C), Diabetic (DM) and Diabetic treated with MSCs (DM-MSCs). Diabetes was induced by Streptozotocin (50 µg/kg). The MSCs were isolated from tibia and femur bone marrows. Ten weeks after DM induction, DM-MSC group received 4 weekly i.p. injections of MSCs (1 x 106). Ten weeks after MSC transplantation, motor performance was evaluated by the Rota Rod test and the anterior tibial (TA) muscles were collected for morphometric analysis and quantification of collagen by birefringence by polarizing microscopy analysis. Results: Motor performance of the DM group was significantly reduced when compared to the C group and increased significantly in the DM + MSCs group. The TA muscle mass and the muscle fiber cross sectional area were significantly reduced in the DM and DM + MSCs groups compared to the C group. The connective tissue increased in the DM group compared to the C group and decreased in the DM + MSCs group. The percentage of collagen birefringence of the connective tissue of the TA muscle decreased significantly in the DM group when compared to the C group and increased in the DM + MSCs group. Motor performance was positively correlated with collagen birefringence and negatively correlated with percentage of connective tissue. Conclusions: The results indicate that MSCs transplantation improves both motor function and the collagen macromolecular organization of skeletal muscle in type 1 DM.
Modelagem numérica no ensino de fenômenos dinâmicos: um exemplo na farmacologia
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-06-27)
Segura, Francisco Novales
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Salvador, José Antonio
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2487171069472158
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1248262471247987
The teaching of phenomena in the sciences now passes through a paradigm shift. Seeking an increase in interest in scientific careers, it is desired to deepen the understanding of those through mathematics, so that it is not restricted to exposition of concepts and presentation of formulas to the students. To this end, appropriate instruments must be used, the choice of which should occur based on the evidence gathered from the research already carried out. In this tuning fork, mathematical modeling and the use of technology stand out. From the crossing of these, numerical methods arise in the resolution of mathematical models of phenomena, especially the dynamic ones, whose leadership in applications and adaptation to the scientific method justify our gaze. Therefore, we present here an activity designed to explore the scientific theme pharmacology in high school and higher education, especially in careers in the biological sciences.
Trajetórias femininas musicadas pelo brega: análise dos filmes O Céu de Suely, de Karim Ainouz (2006) e Amor, Plástico e Barulho, de Renata Pinheiro (2013)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-06-28)
Salerno, Iasha Nur Oliveira
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Miranda, Suzana Reck
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8566012598222563
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9846668833032956
Starting from two films, O Céu de Suely (Karim Aïnouz, 2006) and Amor, Plástico e Barulho (Renata Pinheiro, 2013) the present work sought to investigate how the brega (tacky) songs chosen for the soundtrack relate to the protagonists, what this match produces, what it reveals about these three women: Hermila, Jaque and Shelly. Thus, we propose to analyze this relationship by observing and listening to the text and sound of these songs, the way that the female bodies respond to stimuli evoked by the songs, how the camera captures and behaves in front of these moments (in which the songs are present), the relationship between music and the filmic space, the conjugations with other aesthetic elements that make up a certain brega (tacky) visuality and which symbolisms are created from the way the songs are inserted in the narrative. Among the paths taken, we draw a brief historical and aesthetic overview of brega music, its relationship with melodrama and romantic love. Besides that, we woven reflections on the body and gender studies in order to tailor these themes to the filmic and musical analysis that underline the job.
Processo de Bernoulli correlacionado
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-06-28)
Novaes, Ricardo De Carli
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Gava, Renato Jacob
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0494315910583969
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2239607814740944
The independent Bernoulli process, which is a sequence of independent Bernoulli random variables, is already widely known in the statistical literature. This masters thesis works with a generalization of this process: the correlated Bernoulli process, that is, dependent Bernoulli random variables in which the probabilityof success at time n+1 is a linear function of the number of successes until time n. For this model, we present the Strong Law of Large Numbers, the Central Limit Theorem and Law of the Iterated Logarithm.
Aplicação de uma atividade experimental sobre vazão de líquidos para o estudo de funções no ensino médio
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-06-28)
Rangel, Wilson de Oliveira
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Paterlini, Roberto Ribeiro
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6240750958932738
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3515841388282446
Considering the school context from the practical point of view, functions serve as instruments for the study of phenomena and allow the construction of experimental models that can be described through numerical, algebraic, tables, graphical representations, among others. The purpose of this work is to construct a didactic sequence that focuses these representations in a more articulated way, leading to a more comprehensive understanding of the content by the student. Aiming at overcoming the limitations of contextualized situations involving functions, a didactic sequence was proposed based on an experiment that would allow students to formalize and explore the concept of function and to identify their different representations and applications. This proposal had as methodological approach the Mathematical Modeling, whose guidelines make possible the study, the research and the problematization of a real situation. With the data obtained from the experiment, the students composed a table in order to convert this data into a dot chart in the Cartesian plane. From this graph a function was constructed to model the phenomenon observed. All the proposed tasks were described in detail in Activity Sheets, which form the basis for the purpose of this work. In total, twelve separate Activity Sheets were prepared in five blocks, including the last block that includes a final evaluation with questions about flow and construction of graphs. With the conclusion of the application and analysis of the results, we verified that the pedagogical proposal reached the desired goals, stimulating and encouraging students' participation in the development of their autonomy and their mathematical knowledge, contributing decisively to the understanding of the meaning of the concept of function.
Espanhol e português: os pronomes pessoais sujeito em produções escritas em língua não materna
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-06-28)
Rosa, Jéssica Rodrigues
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Yokota, Rosa
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9230517686993400
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0592749233626484
In this dissertation we seek to understand how the clause subject is filled in by the subject personal pronoun (PPS) in written productions, in Brazilian Portuguese (PB) by Spanish speakers and in Spanish (E) by Brazilians. In order to understand written productions in a foreign language, it is important a bibliographical research on the clause subject in the two languages involved. Duarte (1995) shows that PB is increasingly dissociating from the characteristics of a pro-drop language and, consequently, from European Portuguese (PE) when presenting a high PPS index. On the other hand, in Soriano’s (1999) description, the “syntactic behavior” of Spanish resembles the PE. González (1994), who studied Brazilian students’ productions, called this difference “inverse asymmetry” between PB and PE in relation to the use of tonic and atonic pronouns. The main objective of this research is to verify if there is any similarity in the use of PPS in the written production of the apprentices of these two languages when they are learning the other as a foreign language. We have started from the initial hypothesis, based on Almeida Filho (2004), that learners of Portuguese as a foreign language (PLE) and Spanish as a foreign language (ELE) adopt similar strategies. For the gathering, we proposed to the research participants to develop to write two texts. The results of this master’s research, however, we cannot compare equally the strategy of the two groups because the participants were acting in different contexts: those of ELE were in the context of non-immersion, while those of PLE were in Brazil at the time of the data collection.
A expansão do ensino superior no Brasil: da reforma de 1968 ao anteparo à internacionalização na década de 1980
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-06-28)
Filardi, André Moura Blundi
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Silva, Eduardo Pinto e
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3492708361349827
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6613999817734461
This text proposes to analyze the expansion of public and private universities in Brazil in the context that includes the reform of higher Education of 1968, undergoing redemocratization in the decade of 1980, until the mid-1990, when they consolidate trends whose contradictions had been configured in different ways in previous decades. It is a text of history of education that adopts, in its analysis, the historical-dialectical method and its conceptual references, such as those of state and ideology. It seeks to demonstrate in this analysis, the political and economic issues that are inherent to the expansion process of universities and public policies, highlighting their relations with the branch of science and technology. Having as a database: The legislation discussed and approved in the aforementioned historical context; Data and statistics related to expansion; Identification and analysis of the agents involved in this political and economic process; and systematization of the bibliography of specialists in the area. In this way, we seek to perform a retrospective of the conditions that have led to the University of Brazil today and how the national and international scenarios influenced its realization. The possibility of collaborating with the debate on the duality and indissociability between the public and the private and discussions about the models of universities proposed and in force also permeates the hypothesis and analysis. The aim of seeking a master line in the conduction of public policies for higher education and the expansion of the university, that is, to investigate if there existed and how a logic directive for the area in question would be characterized throughout this context. Thus, it is adopted the notion that the state has its political form derived from the commodity form and which is the guarder of the capitalist social relations, which does not prevent, however, for the area of public policies, educational, in particular, to be an area in dispute. Throughout the context studied, it was possible to suggest, through the analysis of data and policies, the balance to one side of this dispute between the public and State University and the Privatist and business University, in favor of the latter.
A distribuição normal-valor extremo generalizado para a modelagem de dados limitados no intervalo unitário (0, 1)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-06-28)
Benites, Yury Rojas
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Cancho, Vicente Garibay
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3503233632044163
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8605250257796170
In this research a new statistical model is introduced to model data restricted in the continuous interval (0,1). The proposed model is constructed under a transformation of variables, in which the transformed variable is the result of the combination of a variable with standard normal distribution and the cumulative distribution function of the generalized extreme value distribution. For the new model its structural properties are studied. The new family is extended to regression models, in which the model is reparametrized in the median of the response variable and together with the dispersion parameter are related to covariables through a link function. Inferential procedures are developed from a classical and Bayesian perspective. The classical inference is based on the theory of maximum likelihood, and the Bayesian inference is based on the Markov chain Monte Carlo method. In addition, simulation studies were performed to evaluate the performance of the classical and Bayesian estimates of the model parameters, in which the maximum likelihood estimators of the model parameters satisfy the asymptotic properties. Finally a set of colorectal cancer data is considered to show the applicability of the model, in which, compared to other models, the proposed model best fits this dataset.
Leitura e discurso: uma análise discursiva dos sujeitos leitores inscritos em um livro didático de língua portuguesa do ensino médio
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-06-28)
Silva, Tarcilane Fernandes da
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Brito, Luiz André Neves de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6863292359239733
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4970665616826901
According to Angela Kleiman, “every text can in principle favor critical reflection; on the other hand, every text can also be trivialized by schoolwork ” (KLEIMAN, 2007, p. 105). Thus, it is in the inadequate way of approaching texts within the school that we find the biggest obstacles to the development of a satisfactory work with reading activity. In the present research, we aimed to analyze the reading conceptions and the profile of the reading subjects (student and teacher) enrolled in the didactic collection "Português Linguagens" of the 3rd year of high school. In order to anticipate the profile of these readers projected in the manual, we have taken works with editions ranging from 1990 to 2013. In order to delimit the investigation, our focus of analysis will turn to the approach that the authors take about the genre “comic strips”, in the activities proposed to the reader-student subject to work with this genre. This research fits into the theoretical perspective of pecheutian discourse analysis, based on it, we take the PL collection in order to foresee this reader by the textual objectality and the discourses that emerge from the authorial didactic project of each book. Imbued with this view, we realize that all the traits that appear in the constitution of textbook result from “previous discursive processes (coming from other conditions of production) that ceased to function, but gave rise to implicit“ decision making ”that ensures the possibility of the process discursive focus ” (PÊCHEUX, 1997, p. 85). Thus, nothing contained in the textbook is without reason; There is a raison d'être for all the diagrammatic, linguistic, and structural details of this artifact. Nothing in it is chosen at random: the authors of the texts addressed, the genres employed, the proposed activities, what is spoken or silenced, all make up the book for a specific reason. From this perspective, the activities of textual interpretation, much more than a means of exploring the reading of the text, bring the projection of the reader profile that one wants to be formed in school. “They are an explicit way of proposing that students produce their discourse, performing, with their prior knowledge, the characteristics of their socio-economic-cultural belonging, certain articulations between the various texts and their modalities” (MARTINS, 2007, p. 45). After the analysis of the corpus, the results showed the projection of a reader without critical sense, without idea, servile, who does not have the opportunity to weave the senses of the text through a constitutive memory. In the short historical-temporal outline of just over twenty years that we made of PL, it was also possible to delineate the profile changes that the teaching profession suffered especially in the 90s, motivated by the educational public policies instantiated in the country. These results prove that all the compositions that make up the discursive materiality of the textbook are the result of tensions between history, memory and ideology, materialized in an artifact from which the conceptions of text, reading, student and teacher can be anticipated.
Análise de qualidade dos pontos de parada de ônibus do município de São Carlos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-06-28)
Pinca, Maria Eduarda Petroni
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Hirosue, Fernando Hideki
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/409159892128570
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0057737908180074
The collective transportation system supports the way we live today in large urban centers. Although it is a more sustainable transportation model than car use, the number of passengers served in Brazilian cities is declining. To reverse this scenario it is necessary that the public transport system is attractive from the point of view of the user, after all its operation is different from the water or energy supply system in which the user can choose other means of transportation. Thus, the objective of this study is to evaluate the quality of bus stops by calculating the Quality Score of Buses located in the main thoroughfares of the city of São Carlos. The methodology adopted has as a central point the user's opinion about the factors that influence the quality of the bus stop such as safety, coverage, seats, lighting, information and accessibility. The user's opinion is collected through a form and reverted to weighting factors that multiply the scores assigned to each factor after a technical evaluation. As a result of the questionnaire, safety and accessibility were the factors considered as the most important by the users, while the technical evaluation pointed them as the factors of better performance. The final value of the IQPO for points in the main roads of the municipality was 2.5 corresponding to a regular condition. In addition to calculating the IQPO, this study aims to understand if users have a positive view and consider it advantageous to deploy information panels in real time at bus stops that can contribute to improve one of the quality indicators of the points system bus: information. The survey revealed that 94% of respondents can see positive aspects of their implementation and that 92% would like them to be installed.
Indicadores de sustentabilidade: análise da aplicabilidade da NBR ISO 37120:2017 sob a perspectiva da Engenharia Urbana
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-06-28)
Almeida, Suise Carolina Carmelo de
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Gonçalves, Luciana Márcia
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9491069760631962
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7154302034052987
Given the changes that have been occurring in urban planning in the last decades, due to the global growth of ecological awareness, it is necessary to observe the actions that governments have taken to achieve the goal of making cities more sustainable and analyze their effectiveness. Brazil is inserted in this context through the adoption of some practices aligned with the objectives of Agenda 2030 as a goal for the coming years. Some methodologies are being used to evaluate and monitor urban sustainability, these methodologies serve as a guideline for governance in order to, through the use of indicators, obtain sustainability parameters in urban development by measuring how much progress is made in this direction or the level of sustainability already achieved, such as the Sustainable Development Indicators, the Green Blue Municipality (in the State of São Paulo), the Sustainable Cities Program, among others, all of which are considered insufficient to contemplate Brazilian diversities. In January 2017 a new methodology for measuring sustainability was proposed, the Brazilian Association of Technical Standards (ABNT) published the NBR ISO 37120/2017 - Sustainable development of communities - Indicators for urban services and quality of life, this is a Translation of ISO 37120/2014 - Sustainable development of communities - Indicators for city services and quality of life, with some explanatory notes. It is understood that this norm came in response to the Brazilian need to have a normative document that guides the control and monitoring of the progress of cities in achieving sustainable development, it determines and guides the application of a set of indicators that aim to measure the performance of urban services and the quality of life of the population, and also serves to leverage the discussion of sustainability in the country, attributing to the cities a conscious image regarding their relationship with the environment, as well as seeking to bring to the population a new culture environmental awareness. The aim of this study is to analyze, through case studies carried out in two medium-sized cities in the state of São Paulo, São José do Rio Preto and Araraquara, the applicability of this norm from the point of view of Urban Engineering, , based only on the indicators of the standard that relate directly to Urban Engineering, making a critical approach on these indicators with the help of an Indicators Dashboard and later, with the obtaining of these data, apply the Urban Benchmarking technique between the two cities . The present study also analyzes aspects of its applicability to the Brazilian reality, due to the need to overcome some incompatibilities in terms of parameterization of the data collection and methodologies to obtain the indicators. As results obtained in this research, it was observed that these indicators, if properly applied, could represent an important standardized collection of historical series of urban data that will bring much aggregated knowledge to be explored in municipal governance. The comparative vision of the standard complements its potential as a management tool and can provide a global picture of the situation of local and worldwide sustainability. It was concluded that despite the contributions generated with the adoption of this and other methodologies, there are still challenges to be overcome in the construction of indicators of urban sustainability in order to simultaneously add aspects considered essential to promote changes in society and subsidize public policy decisions, a problem complicated by the lack of urban management infrastructure in the municipalities, which generates the need for adaptations in obtaining the indicators due to the difficulty of producing standardized data.
Kant e a educação para moral: um exercício da liberdade
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-06-28)
Silva, Carla Campos Batista da
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Maamari, Adriana Mattar
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5707827597161294
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6623739056952083
Our dissertation intends to investigate as main object the conception of education for morality of Immanuel Kant, from research on education and its stages. In order to analyze in detail our purpose, the research had in mind the moral notion of the author, since it indicates that the purpose of education is, ultimately, the development of the human being for morality, for the purpose of perfecting humanity. As for Kant the notion of morality is based on the full development of reason, it became important to discuss how our author understands reason and its relation to autonomy and freedom, since this relation culminates in the purpose of morality and with the ultimate end of the human species. Culminated with an analysis of education which aims at forming persons capable of making full use of their reason, who may freely choose to act under the commandments of a rational, objective and universal law which is equally valid at any time and free from any inclination, that is, acting autonomously.
Efeito da promoção de turbulência na hidrodinâmica de um reator tipo filtro-prensa e na degradação eletroquímica do bisfenol S
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-06-28)
Wachter, Naihara
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Rocha Filho, Romeu Cardozo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5200717413563550
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8530485242303522
The kinetics of many electrochemical processes is limited by mass transport, especially at low concentrations of the reactant. The use of turbulence promoters in parallel-plate reactors increases the hydrodynamic turbulence of the solution and consequently causes a reduction of the thickness of the diffusion layer and an increase of the rate of delivery of reactants to the electrode surface. In this sense, the objective of this work was to study the effect of turbulence promotion on the hydrodynamics of a filter-press reactor fitted with a boron-doped diamond anode (Si/BDD, [B]/[C] = 500 ppm) and on the electrochemical degradation/mineralization of bisphenol S. The results of the hydrodynamic characterizations of the electrochemical reactor show that the use of a turbulence promoter of three stacked meshes causes approximately a threefold increase of the mass transfer coefficient (from 3.25 x 10–5 to 9.44 x 10–5 m s–1) and of the limiting current density for the electro-oxidation of bisphenol S (from 6.88 to 20.0 mA cm–2), at a flow rate (qV) of 7.0 L min–1 and 25 °C. Afterwards, the effects of the quantities pH, flow rate and current density on the electrochemical degradation and mineralization of bisphenol S (100 mg L–1 solution in 0.1 mol L–1 Na2SO4) were investigated in the absence and presence of the turbulence promoter. Under the optimized electrolysis conditions (uncontrolled pH, qV = 7.0 L min–1, j = 14 mA cm–2, and 25 °C), 80% removal of the total organic carbon (TOC) was obtained after 283 or 450 min, for electrolyses performed in the presence or absence of the turbulence promoter, respectively. For this extent of TOC removal, the energy consumption was about 0.43 or 0.28 kW h g–1 (of TOC), in the absence or presence of the turbulence promoter, respectively; thus, the use of the turbulence promoter caused a reduction of about 35% in energy consumption. Under this optimized condition, six initial degradation intermediates were identified, regardless of the hydrodynamic condition used, but in the condition of higher turbulence these intermediates were formed and totally consumed within a shorter electrolysis time. Hence, it can be concluded that the use of the turbulence promoter of three stacked meshes leads to an enhancement of the bisphenol S degradation/mineralization kinetics, but does not affect its reaction mechanism.