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Estudo sobre dor lombar crônica e depressão de idosos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-06-27) Donatti, Ariel; Pavarini, Sofia Cristina Iost; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1983620301963081; Inouye, Keika; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7558935747100052; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9024082192837346
Population ageing causes an increase in the prevalence of chronic diseases and functionality impairment. The depressive symptoms and chronic lumbar pain have been affecting a growing number of senior persons and have become important subjects of investigation. In that sense, this study was designed to determine the relationship between the intensity of the lumbar pain, the impairment generated by that pain and the presence of depressive symptoms in senior persons who are independent in their basic daily activities. The character of the study was descriptive, qualitative and cross-sectional. We analyzed a sample of independent elderly persons suffering from chronic lumbar pain (n=46) registered at the Family Health Units (Unidades Saúde da Família) in the municipality of São Carlos, São Paulo state. The following items were use to collect data: Elderly Characterization Record, Multidimensional Pain Assessment Scale - EMADOR (MPAS), Roland-Morris Disability Questionnaire and the Geriatric Depression Scale - GDS. The data collected were input into a databank in the software Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) for Windows to perform descriptive analyses and a Spearman correlational analysis. The National Health Council ethic guidelines regarding research with human beings were fully respected. Most senior persons describe their lumbar pain as painful, persistently and uncomfortably. The results indicate that more intense pain negatively affects appetite, interpersonal relationships and mobility. The correlational analyses have demonstrated a significant relationship between the intensity of the lumbar pain and the number of depressive symptoms with a weak and directly proportional magnitude (rho=0.302, p=0.041). Besides, we observed a significant relationship between the number of disabilities/ limitations caused by the lumbar pain and the number of depressive symptoms with a moderate and directly proportional magnitude (rho=0.403, p=0.005).
Significados da dor musculoesquelética crônica: uma perspectiva da psicossomática psicanalítica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-06-27) Borini, Cleiber Henrique; Saltareli, Simone; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5134202729909270; Hortense, Priscilla; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7153278628783234; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2859554301555384
Objective: To know and analyze the meanings involved in the life history of people with chronic musculoskeletal pain from the perspective of the psychoanalytic psychosomatic. Method: qualitative research, anchored by the theoretical reference of the psychoanalytic psychosomatic. The study was attended by 20 people who presented chronic muscular pain and who were treated with physical therapy in a clinic in a city in the interior of the State of São Paulo, as they were invited to talk about their pains and their lives. Data collection was performed through semi-structured interviews and analyzed through thematic content analysis. Results and Discussion: The participants' ages ranged from 18 to 82 years, the majority of them female and gonarthrosis was the most prevalent disease. Most of the participants presented pain for more than 5 years. The analysis of the material resulted in two themes "Life under pain, life difficult and "My life, my body is a hematoma, a chronic pain". The first theme reflected the life of existences and lives in the reports of actions for patients and work for lived in many cases patients in life processes. In the second theme, there are opportunities that are associated with the reporting of intense sufferings. This theme was deployed in two sub-themes: "Emotional-affective suffering" and "After a feeling, a pain comes". The first sub-theme was related to experiences of illness and / or loss of family members, situations of intrafamily violence, abandonment, relationships denoting lack or absence of adverse effects, in addition to conflicting relationships between family members. The second sub-theme covers the explicit accounts in which such experiences occasioned physical pain. In general, the results permeate an important issue for the psychosomatic - the link between biography and pain. There have been reports of events in their lives, of significant experiences in which the participants more or less consciously associated these experiences with their chronic musculoskeletal pain, since such pains appeared almost simultaneously, only some time later or were associated with some significant event . Conclusion: From the perspective of the psychoanalytic psychosomatics, several meanings of chronic musculoskeletal pain were identified, from violence, threats, resentments, illnesses, deaths, guilts and marital separations. From what was presented in this study it is important to consider the importance and necessity of investigating the subjectivity, biography and experience of people living with chronic musculoskeletal pain as part of the professional conducts for the treatment and management of pain, even though instruments to attest to the presence of alexithymia or to understand that the explanations of somatizations are in the failure of representation.
Identificação dos parâmetros do modelo de Drucker-Prager/CAP para estudo da densificação mecânica de alumina atomizada
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-06-27) Rocco, Filipe Oliveira; Canto, Rodrigo Bresciani; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1316268411830615; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8729026743402707
Pressing followed by sintering is among the most versatile materials processing routes and suits different classes of materials: ceramic, polymeric and metallic. In the last decade, this processing route has been gaining prominence in the industrial scenario. Pressing is a critical step in the process, as any nonhomogeneity introduced during this step is able to adversely affect the mechanical properties of the final (sintered) component. Thereby, the computational simulation of the pressing process is an important tool for the study and optimization of its main parameters. Mainly, the method allows the visualization and optimization of the pressing process before any investment is made in tooling projects and experimental tests. In order to obtain reliable results aided by the finite element method, it is necessary to first adopt a suitable material model for the mechanical compaction of the powder and, secondly, to follow a consistent calibration methodology of this model in order to determine its parameters with precision and consistency. The present work proposed the study of the process of cold pressing of alumina. For this purpose, the Drucker-Prager/Cap model implemented in Abaqus, a commercial finite element software, was used. The main objective of this project is the formulation of an experimental procedure to reliably calibrate the parameters of the constitutive model. The parameters of the model were calibrated by means of an experimental methodology, combining results obtained through different mechanical tests and taking into account the phenomenology of compaction of the particulate materials.
O homem de Rousseau: da natureza à solidão
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-06-27) Monzani, Luiz Henrique Alves de Souza; Nascimento, Luís Fernandes dos Santos; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3654785629696808; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5199031927733175
Notre hypothèse de travail est de comprendre la formulation du concept de l'homme en trois périodes différentes de l'œuvre de Rousseau. Le point de départ est la comparaison entre l'homme sauvage et l'homme social; dans un second temps, analyser les formulations morales présentes dans Emile afin de comprendre les concepts clés chez Rousseau comme la conscience et la piété. Finalement, notre attention se tourne vers les dernier sécrits de Rousseau, les écrits autobiographiques où nous tenterons de démontrer qu'il y a une philosophie sur l'homme, le bonheur et l'existence derrière la partie littéraire où Rousseau raconte certains faits de sa vie.
Estudo sobre a convivência com crianças e a esperança de idosos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-06-27) Vasques Peres, Elisa; Pavarini, Sofia Cristina Iost; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1983620301963081; Inouye, Keika; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7558935747100052; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7402697739965217
The increase in longevity, epidemiologic transition and the sociocultural changes affect family structure and make the intergenerational interactions more frequent. Therefore the coexistence of senior persons and children significantly increases and can trigger positive and/or negative elements affecting the quality of life of both groups. Studies indicate that living with children can be a source of social support or a burden related to the overload with care and responsibilities placed on the elderly. Given the aforementioned, this study purported to identify association between the hopefulness level of the elderly and the presence of children in the household. The study was descriptive, qualitative and cross-sectional. The participants in this research were elderly persons living with other senior persons registered at the Family Health Program Units (FHUs) in the municipality of São Carlos – São Paulo state, split into two groups, denominated as follows (a) Group of senior persons living with other senior persons and children (n=18), (b) Groups of senior persons living with other elderly but not living with children (n=18). The data was collected by means of interviews with the following instruments: (a) Elderly Characterization Record and (b) Herth Hope Index. The data collected were input into a databank in the software Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) for Windows to perform descriptive analyses to characterize the demographic and hope profile of the elderly; Pearson Chi-Square Test to compare the proportion of the variables gender, schooling and socio-economic level Mann-Whitney Test to compare the average ages of the groups; Mann-Whitney Test to identify the association between the variables hope of the elderly and the presence of children in the household. The ethical guidelines regarding research with human beings were thoroughly respected. The full scores of the groups not living with children was 38.39 points (DP=5.95, xmin=27.00, xmax=48.00) and the group living with children was 43.39 (DP=4.45, xmin=31.00, xmax=48.00). This difference was significant (U=81.000, p=0.010). Therefore, the hopefulness of the group living with children was higher than in the group not living with children. In this way, the results can serve as a basis for the creation of projects and services with an emphasis on the intergenerational relations of the elderly and children, maximizing the benefits and intervening in the negative points, collaborating to increase the quality of life of both parties.
Efeitos da infusão de células-tronco mesenquimais sobre o músculo esquelético em modelo de diabetes mellitus
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-06-27) Luna, Genoveva L. Flores; Anibal, Fernanda de Fretias; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4918261968772806; Leal, Ângela Merice de Oliveira; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7202663545989206; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0224139733743972
Aim of the Study: The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of Mesenchymal Stromal Cell (MSCs) transplantation on motor function and collagen organization in type 1 diabetes mellitus rat skeletal muscles. Materials and Methods: Male Wistar rats were randomly assigned to 3 groups: Control (C), Diabetic (DM) and Diabetic treated with MSCs (DM-MSCs). Diabetes was induced by Streptozotocin (50 µg/kg). The MSCs were isolated from tibia and femur bone marrows. Ten weeks after DM induction, DM-MSC group received 4 weekly i.p. injections of MSCs (1 x 106). Ten weeks after MSC transplantation, motor performance was evaluated by the Rota Rod test and the anterior tibial (TA) muscles were collected for morphometric analysis and quantification of collagen by birefringence by polarizing microscopy analysis. Results: Motor performance of the DM group was significantly reduced when compared to the C group and increased significantly in the DM + MSCs group. The TA muscle mass and the muscle fiber cross sectional area were significantly reduced in the DM and DM + MSCs groups compared to the C group. The connective tissue increased in the DM group compared to the C group and decreased in the DM + MSCs group. The percentage of collagen birefringence of the connective tissue of the TA muscle decreased significantly in the DM group when compared to the C group and increased in the DM + MSCs group. Motor performance was positively correlated with collagen birefringence and negatively correlated with percentage of connective tissue. Conclusions: The results indicate that MSCs transplantation improves both motor function and the collagen macromolecular organization of skeletal muscle in type 1 DM.
Modelagem numérica no ensino de fenômenos dinâmicos: um exemplo na farmacologia
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-06-27) Segura, Francisco Novales; Salvador, José Antonio; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2487171069472158; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1248262471247987
The teaching of phenomena in the sciences now passes through a paradigm shift. Seeking an increase in interest in scientific careers, it is desired to deepen the understanding of those through mathematics, so that it is not restricted to exposition of concepts and presentation of formulas to the students. To this end, appropriate instruments must be used, the choice of which should occur based on the evidence gathered from the research already carried out. In this tuning fork, mathematical modeling and the use of technology stand out. From the crossing of these, numerical methods arise in the resolution of mathematical models of phenomena, especially the dynamic ones, whose leadership in applications and adaptation to the scientific method justify our gaze. Therefore, we present here an activity designed to explore the scientific theme pharmacology in high school and higher education, especially in careers in the biological sciences.
Do Fome Zero ao Bolsa Família: os embates intragovermantais ma transformação do programa em política pública
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-06-27) Barboza, Victor Hugo; Diniz, Simone; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9726360676770459; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7166849362513698; https://orcid.org/0009-0009-8337-9872
The present research proposes to analyze how the transformation of the main pre-election government program, the Programa Fome Zero, to the Programa Bolsa Família occurred. The proposed analysis seeks to contribute to the literature of public policies and presidential choices through a specific program and how the change of this policy occurred due to clashes within the Workers Party and in the ministerial spheres in a debate between the events occurred with the main theories of public policies of authors such as Kingdon (2003), Hall (1993), Campbell (2002), and Sabatier & Hank Jenkins – Smith (1999). Such research, where there was a migration from one public policy to another, it was necessary to seek the intragovernmental factors and the formations of different coalitions within the Workers Party in the power struggle for a public policy and also to analyze the preferences of President Lula, trying to understand how he acted before, during and after the process of transforming the Programa Fome Zero into the Programa Bolsa Família.
O Ensino de História da Educação nos cursos de Pedagogia
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-06-27) Batista, Aldrei Jesus Galhardo; Bittar, Marisa; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3059723520472948; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0853894851232611
This document has as its core the study of the discipline of History of Education, in the courses of Pedagogy in Brazil and also of the São Paulo State. Its objectives are: 1. to contribute to the field of teaching of History of Education, in the format of disciplines, for the Graduation in Pedagogy and, 2. to contribute to the field of research in History of Education, while a scientific field of research in Education. This document refers to a bibliographical research on the history of teaching (discipline) and on the research’s history, in History of Education, as well as an unpublished, quantitative and qualitative research on the current scenario of Pedagogy courses and of the History of Education discipline for the formation of pedagogues, based on the data provided by the Ministry of Education and, secondly, on three curriculum of Pedagogy courses of those institutions in São Paulo State, considering its teaching programs of History of Education. It is based on the field’s concepts and scientific field (associated with the concept of habitus), present in the sociological theory of Pierre Bourdieu and seeks to read the particular object, the discipline of History of Education, from its relations with the general , in the public educational policies for the training of teachers and pedagogues, expressed in the National Curricular Guidelines in Resolution CNE / CP No. 1, of February 18, 2002 (teacher training), in Resolution CNE / CP No. 1 of May 15 of 2006 (pedagogues training) and Resolution CNE / CP No. 2, of July 1, 2015 (teacher training), as part of a Brazilian education and society project. Therefore, it was a question of analyzing the History of Education discipline, in the curriculum of Pedagogy courses, from the present dialectical relations between these disciplines and all their determinants of the field of teaching. Based on the problem of space loss in the History of Education, regarding the education, versus the increasing prestige and space gain of the History of Education, in the field of Education research, we announce as thesis that: the discipline of History of Education suffered two major cuts in regards the curriculum of Pedagogy, the first in the period of the military regime in the 1970s with the institution of professional qualifications, and the second after the educational reforms of the 1990s, culminating in national curricular guidelines at the beginning of the 21st century. For the reading and interpretation of the unpublished data, the following categories of analysis are used: "Governmental curriculum model", "Public x Private", "Teaching models", "Regionalities", "Programs", "Terminology", "Quantitative and time "and" Teaching profile ". The presentation of the Chapters shows that there are no indications of a definite exclusion of the discipline in the Pedagogy curriculum and that the challenge that is placed in the present moment is the one of which must be its role for the formation of the pedagogue, what will be its objectives and how to organize what is intended to teach within a discipline that occupies a very restricted space in the curriculum.