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Kant e a educação para moral: um exercício da liberdade
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-06-28) Silva, Carla Campos Batista da; Maamari, Adriana Mattar; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5707827597161294; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6623739056952083
Our dissertation intends to investigate as main object the conception of education for morality of Immanuel Kant, from research on education and its stages. In order to analyze in detail our purpose, the research had in mind the moral notion of the author, since it indicates that the purpose of education is, ultimately, the development of the human being for morality, for the purpose of perfecting humanity. As for Kant the notion of morality is based on the full development of reason, it became important to discuss how our author understands reason and its relation to autonomy and freedom, since this relation culminates in the purpose of morality and with the ultimate end of the human species. Culminated with an analysis of education which aims at forming persons capable of making full use of their reason, who may freely choose to act under the commandments of a rational, objective and universal law which is equally valid at any time and free from any inclination, that is, acting autonomously.
Trajetórias femininas musicadas pelo brega: análise dos filmes O Céu de Suely, de Karim Ainouz (2006) e Amor, Plástico e Barulho, de Renata Pinheiro (2013)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-06-28) Salerno, Iasha Nur Oliveira; Miranda, Suzana Reck; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8566012598222563; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9846668833032956
Starting from two films, O Céu de Suely (Karim Aïnouz, 2006) and Amor, Plástico e Barulho (Renata Pinheiro, 2013) the present work sought to investigate how the brega (tacky) songs chosen for the soundtrack relate to the protagonists, what this match produces, what it reveals about these three women: Hermila, Jaque and Shelly. Thus, we propose to analyze this relationship by observing and listening to the text and sound of these songs, the way that the female bodies respond to stimuli evoked by the songs, how the camera captures and behaves in front of these moments (in which the songs are present), the relationship between music and the filmic space, the conjugations with other aesthetic elements that make up a certain brega (tacky) visuality and which symbolisms are created from the way the songs are inserted in the narrative. Among the paths taken, we draw a brief historical and aesthetic overview of brega music, its relationship with melodrama and romantic love. Besides that, we woven reflections on the body and gender studies in order to tailor these themes to the filmic and musical analysis that underline the job.
Leitura e discurso: uma análise discursiva dos sujeitos leitores inscritos em um livro didático de língua portuguesa do ensino médio
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-06-28) Silva, Tarcilane Fernandes da; Brito, Luiz André Neves de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6863292359239733; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4970665616826901
According to Angela Kleiman, “every text can in principle favor critical reflection; on the other hand, every text can also be trivialized by schoolwork ” (KLEIMAN, 2007, p. 105). Thus, it is in the inadequate way of approaching texts within the school that we find the biggest obstacles to the development of a satisfactory work with reading activity. In the present research, we aimed to analyze the reading conceptions and the profile of the reading subjects (student and teacher) enrolled in the didactic collection "Português Linguagens" of the 3rd year of high school. In order to anticipate the profile of these readers projected in the manual, we have taken works with editions ranging from 1990 to 2013. In order to delimit the investigation, our focus of analysis will turn to the approach that the authors take about the genre “comic strips”, in the activities proposed to the reader-student subject to work with this genre. This research fits into the theoretical perspective of pecheutian discourse analysis, based on it, we take the PL collection in order to foresee this reader by the textual objectality and the discourses that emerge from the authorial didactic project of each book. Imbued with this view, we realize that all the traits that appear in the constitution of textbook result from “previous discursive processes (coming from other conditions of production) that ceased to function, but gave rise to implicit“ decision making ”that ensures the possibility of the process discursive focus ” (PÊCHEUX, 1997, p. 85). Thus, nothing contained in the textbook is without reason; There is a raison d'être for all the diagrammatic, linguistic, and structural details of this artifact. Nothing in it is chosen at random: the authors of the texts addressed, the genres employed, the proposed activities, what is spoken or silenced, all make up the book for a specific reason. From this perspective, the activities of textual interpretation, much more than a means of exploring the reading of the text, bring the projection of the reader profile that one wants to be formed in school. “They are an explicit way of proposing that students produce their discourse, performing, with their prior knowledge, the characteristics of their socio-economic-cultural belonging, certain articulations between the various texts and their modalities” (MARTINS, 2007, p. 45). After the analysis of the corpus, the results showed the projection of a reader without critical sense, without idea, servile, who does not have the opportunity to weave the senses of the text through a constitutive memory. In the short historical-temporal outline of just over twenty years that we made of PL, it was also possible to delineate the profile changes that the teaching profession suffered especially in the 90s, motivated by the educational public policies instantiated in the country. These results prove that all the compositions that make up the discursive materiality of the textbook are the result of tensions between history, memory and ideology, materialized in an artifact from which the conceptions of text, reading, student and teacher can be anticipated.
Indicadores de sustentabilidade: análise da aplicabilidade da NBR ISO 37120:2017 sob a perspectiva da Engenharia Urbana
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-06-28) Almeida, Suise Carolina Carmelo de; Gonçalves, Luciana Márcia; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9491069760631962; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7154302034052987
Given the changes that have been occurring in urban planning in the last decades, due to the global growth of ecological awareness, it is necessary to observe the actions that governments have taken to achieve the goal of making cities more sustainable and analyze their effectiveness. Brazil is inserted in this context through the adoption of some practices aligned with the objectives of Agenda 2030 as a goal for the coming years. Some methodologies are being used to evaluate and monitor urban sustainability, these methodologies serve as a guideline for governance in order to, through the use of indicators, obtain sustainability parameters in urban development by measuring how much progress is made in this direction or the level of sustainability already achieved, such as the Sustainable Development Indicators, the Green Blue Municipality (in the State of São Paulo), the Sustainable Cities Program, among others, all of which are considered insufficient to contemplate Brazilian diversities. In January 2017 a new methodology for measuring sustainability was proposed, the Brazilian Association of Technical Standards (ABNT) published the NBR ISO 37120/2017 - Sustainable development of communities - Indicators for urban services and quality of life, this is a Translation of ISO 37120/2014 - Sustainable development of communities - Indicators for city services and quality of life, with some explanatory notes. It is understood that this norm came in response to the Brazilian need to have a normative document that guides the control and monitoring of the progress of cities in achieving sustainable development, it determines and guides the application of a set of indicators that aim to measure the performance of urban services and the quality of life of the population, and also serves to leverage the discussion of sustainability in the country, attributing to the cities a conscious image regarding their relationship with the environment, as well as seeking to bring to the population a new culture environmental awareness. The aim of this study is to analyze, through case studies carried out in two medium-sized cities in the state of São Paulo, São José do Rio Preto and Araraquara, the applicability of this norm from the point of view of Urban Engineering, , based only on the indicators of the standard that relate directly to Urban Engineering, making a critical approach on these indicators with the help of an Indicators Dashboard and later, with the obtaining of these data, apply the Urban Benchmarking technique between the two cities . The present study also analyzes aspects of its applicability to the Brazilian reality, due to the need to overcome some incompatibilities in terms of parameterization of the data collection and methodologies to obtain the indicators. As results obtained in this research, it was observed that these indicators, if properly applied, could represent an important standardized collection of historical series of urban data that will bring much aggregated knowledge to be explored in municipal governance. The comparative vision of the standard complements its potential as a management tool and can provide a global picture of the situation of local and worldwide sustainability. It was concluded that despite the contributions generated with the adoption of this and other methodologies, there are still challenges to be overcome in the construction of indicators of urban sustainability in order to simultaneously add aspects considered essential to promote changes in society and subsidize public policy decisions, a problem complicated by the lack of urban management infrastructure in the municipalities, which generates the need for adaptations in obtaining the indicators due to the difficulty of producing standardized data.
Processo de Bernoulli correlacionado
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-06-28) Novaes, Ricardo De Carli; Gava, Renato Jacob; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0494315910583969; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2239607814740944
The independent Bernoulli process, which is a sequence of independent Bernoulli random variables, is already widely known in the statistical literature. This masters thesis works with a generalization of this process: the correlated Bernoulli process, that is, dependent Bernoulli random variables in which the probabilityof success at time n+1 is a linear function of the number of successes until time n. For this model, we present the Strong Law of Large Numbers, the Central Limit Theorem and Law of the Iterated Logarithm.
A educação dos surdos no Brasil: pesquisa histórica e constatações em um contexto específico
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-06-28) Ribeiro, Lucas Antônio; Yokota, Rosa; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9230517686993400; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2261773537600403
La presente investigación de graduación buscó averiguar cómo se da el proceso educativo de los sordos en Brasil a lo largo de la historia. Para hacerla, se desarrollaron las siguientes etapas: (1) Caracterización del sujeto sordo y su especificidad, la individualidad, la lengua y la cultura de los sordos; (2) Elaboración de un panorama histórico de la educación de sordos en Brasil, a través de investigación bibliográfica y documental (leyes y documentos oficiales); (3) Entrevistas con personas que forman parte de la comunidad sorda; para (4) Contrastar las experiencias de los individuos entrevistados con el levantamiento teórico y bibliográfico. Así, esta investigación es de base documental y toma en consideración el desarrollo y análisis de teorías, datos históricos y experienciales de la educación sorda.
Fatores motivadores para a adoção de Internet das Coisas: a perspectiva de especialistas em IOT
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-06-28) Rocha, Klayton Eduardo da; Moris, Virgínia Aparecida Silva; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1101036108950133; Mendes, Juliana Veiga; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5692633697407656; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6544818509495644
The Fourth Industrial Revolution is characterized by the set of technological innovations contemporaries to the development of this work, such as artificial intelligence, advanced robotics, impressions in three dimensions, internet of things, among others. An initial review of the internet of things literature has shown that this technology has the potential to dramatically change companies and their operations, but there are many associated challenges, such as choosing which technologies are best suited and in which operations your applications can bring the most return. Thus, given these challenges, this study aims to present a framework that characterizes and identifies the drivers that influence the adoption of the internet of things. Identifying and understanding the motivations associated with the adoption of internet of things can help to discuss the benefits and difficulties associated with using this technology in different business operations. The initial review of the literature did not identify studies that presented the drivers for the adoption of the internet of things, thus, a review was made about the drivers of technology adoption. This step resulted in the development of a questionnaire that guided the empirical identification of drivers of internet of things adoption. All questions identified in the literature were normalized in a questionnaire, by eliminating repetitions, simplifying texts and centralizing concepts to the internet of things. This process was evaluated by three technical consultants in the areas of project evaluation, digital innovation and impact assessment, generating a final document with questions grouped into eight drivers: planning, finance, talent, technology, outsourcing, competitors, government and society. The Delphi method was used for a panel development with experts sharing their experiences related to six internet of things adoption projects. The planning driver was observed to be of high importance for internet of things adoption based on panelists' speeches on collaboration, innovation and process optimization. The talent driver was observed to be of high importance when experts evaluated the impact of internet of things adoption and people development. However, the technology driver presented itself as a barrier to internet of things adoption from the panelists' perspective when discussing the need for scalability of projects, as well as the governance factor also presented as a barrier, as five of the six panels studied indicated a lack of government incentives for internet of things adoption. The application of the questionnaire to companies from other sectors and geographies, as well as quantitative study methods (e.g. survey) are suggested as opportunities for future work.
Efeito da promoção de turbulência na hidrodinâmica de um reator tipo filtro-prensa e na degradação eletroquímica do bisfenol S
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-06-28) Wachter, Naihara; Rocha Filho, Romeu Cardozo; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5200717413563550; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8530485242303522
The kinetics of many electrochemical processes is limited by mass transport, especially at low concentrations of the reactant. The use of turbulence promoters in parallel-plate reactors increases the hydrodynamic turbulence of the solution and consequently causes a reduction of the thickness of the diffusion layer and an increase of the rate of delivery of reactants to the electrode surface. In this sense, the objective of this work was to study the effect of turbulence promotion on the hydrodynamics of a filter-press reactor fitted with a boron-doped diamond anode (Si/BDD, [B]/[C] = 500 ppm) and on the electrochemical degradation/mineralization of bisphenol S. The results of the hydrodynamic characterizations of the electrochemical reactor show that the use of a turbulence promoter of three stacked meshes causes approximately a threefold increase of the mass transfer coefficient (from 3.25 x 10–5 to 9.44 x 10–5 m s–1) and of the limiting current density for the electro-oxidation of bisphenol S (from 6.88 to 20.0 mA cm–2), at a flow rate (qV) of 7.0 L min–1 and 25 °C. Afterwards, the effects of the quantities pH, flow rate and current density on the electrochemical degradation and mineralization of bisphenol S (100 mg L–1 solution in 0.1 mol L–1 Na2SO4) were investigated in the absence and presence of the turbulence promoter. Under the optimized electrolysis conditions (uncontrolled pH, qV = 7.0 L min–1, j = 14 mA cm–2, and 25 °C), 80% removal of the total organic carbon (TOC) was obtained after 283 or 450 min, for electrolyses performed in the presence or absence of the turbulence promoter, respectively. For this extent of TOC removal, the energy consumption was about 0.43 or 0.28 kW h g–1 (of TOC), in the absence or presence of the turbulence promoter, respectively; thus, the use of the turbulence promoter caused a reduction of about 35% in energy consumption. Under this optimized condition, six initial degradation intermediates were identified, regardless of the hydrodynamic condition used, but in the condition of higher turbulence these intermediates were formed and totally consumed within a shorter electrolysis time. Hence, it can be concluded that the use of the turbulence promoter of three stacked meshes leads to an enhancement of the bisphenol S degradation/mineralization kinetics, but does not affect its reaction mechanism.
Análise de qualidade dos pontos de parada de ônibus do município de São Carlos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-06-28) Pinca, Maria Eduarda Petroni; Hirosue, Fernando Hideki; https://lattes.cnpq.br/409159892128570; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0057737908180074
The collective transportation system supports the way we live today in large urban centers. Although it is a more sustainable transportation model than car use, the number of passengers served in Brazilian cities is declining. To reverse this scenario it is necessary that the public transport system is attractive from the point of view of the user, after all its operation is different from the water or energy supply system in which the user can choose other means of transportation. Thus, the objective of this study is to evaluate the quality of bus stops by calculating the Quality Score of Buses located in the main thoroughfares of the city of São Carlos. The methodology adopted has as a central point the user's opinion about the factors that influence the quality of the bus stop such as safety, coverage, seats, lighting, information and accessibility. The user's opinion is collected through a form and reverted to weighting factors that multiply the scores assigned to each factor after a technical evaluation. As a result of the questionnaire, safety and accessibility were the factors considered as the most important by the users, while the technical evaluation pointed them as the factors of better performance. The final value of the IQPO for points in the main roads of the municipality was 2.5 corresponding to a regular condition. In addition to calculating the IQPO, this study aims to understand if users have a positive view and consider it advantageous to deploy information panels in real time at bus stops that can contribute to improve one of the quality indicators of the points system bus: information. The survey revealed that 94% of respondents can see positive aspects of their implementation and that 92% would like them to be installed.
A distribuição normal-valor extremo generalizado para a modelagem de dados limitados no intervalo unitário (0, 1)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-06-28) Benites, Yury Rojas; Cancho, Vicente Garibay; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3503233632044163; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8605250257796170
In this research a new statistical model is introduced to model data restricted in the continuous interval (0,1). The proposed model is constructed under a transformation of variables, in which the transformed variable is the result of the combination of a variable with standard normal distribution and the cumulative distribution function of the generalized extreme value distribution. For the new model its structural properties are studied. The new family is extended to regression models, in which the model is reparametrized in the median of the response variable and together with the dispersion parameter are related to covariables through a link function. Inferential procedures are developed from a classical and Bayesian perspective. The classical inference is based on the theory of maximum likelihood, and the Bayesian inference is based on the Markov chain Monte Carlo method. In addition, simulation studies were performed to evaluate the performance of the classical and Bayesian estimates of the model parameters, in which the maximum likelihood estimators of the model parameters satisfy the asymptotic properties. Finally a set of colorectal cancer data is considered to show the applicability of the model, in which, compared to other models, the proposed model best fits this dataset.
Avaliação da influência de fibras de polipropileno na resistência efetiva de um solo argiloso
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-06-28) Rocha, Sabrina Andrade; Correia, Natália de Souza; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2172645507238077; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0507044210273616
The use of soil-fiber has been recognized as a viable technique of soil improvement in numerous geotechnical applications. However, existing research has not yet established the fundamental mechanisms controlling the behavior of clay-fiber mixtures and the constraints that may affect their performance. On the other hand, there is a growing increase in the development of methodologies for predicting soil-fiber behavior, as well as the use of constitutive models for mixtures based on individual properties soil and fibers. However, few studies have evaluated the effectiveness of the methods available and the peculiarities that may affect the results. In this context, the present work aims to contribute to the understanding of the shear strength and deformability behavior of a clayey soil with the inclusion of short fibers from recycled polypropylene, through unconfined uniaxial compression tests, direct shear strength and triaxial compression (drained and undrained) tests. In addition, the research evaluated the effectiveness of some soil-fiber shear strength prediction methods. This research evidenced that, in all tests, the fibers improved the shear strength of the clayey soil, increasing its ductility and initial stiffness. It was also verified that the interaction mechanisms between the soil and the fibers, and consequently the shear strength of the composite, were not influenced by the drainage condition or by the development of pore water pressures during shearing, since values of effective shear strength at failure in drained condition and undrained condition were similar. Regarding the shear strength prediction methods, both in terms of total and effective stresses, analyses presented few discrepancies in relation to the results obtained experimentally, but it is verified that the soil-fiber interaction coefficients strongly influence the results of predictability and must be analyzed in a more effective way to reduce the discrepancies capitalized in this research.
Preparação de eletrodos com novos materiais à base de carbono para aplicação em eletroanalítica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-06-28) Deroco, Patrícia Batista; Fatibello Filho, Orlando; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9859737944357808; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2854556276459563
In this work, electrochemical sensors were developed using two different types of carbon material: carbon black (CB) and reticulated vitreous carbon (3D-RVC) for electrochemical studies and analytical applications. First, CB was used as the only modifier nanomaterial, being the CB nanoparticles immobilized from a dispersion in dimethylformamide, on the surface of a glassy carbon electrode. This electrode was used for quantification of mesotrione herbicide in natural waters and sugar cane sample. The obtained analytical curve showed linearity from 0.040 to 7.2 µmol L−1 with detection limit of 0.026 µmol L−1. Next, it was constructed an electrode by the electrodeposition of nanoparticles of nickel oxide/hydroxide on a film of CB and dihexadecylphosphate. This new sensor was applied in the simultaneous quantification of paracetamol and codeine in commercial pharmaceutical samples and biological samples. Linear analytical curves in the ranges from 3.0 to 47.8 µmol L−1 and 0.83 to 38.3 µmol L−1 and detection limits of 0.12 µmol L−1 and 0.48 µmol L−1 were obtained for acetaminophen and codeine, respectively. In another work, the CB was used as support for the synthesis of nanoparticles of the core-shell type of Au and Pd. This combination of nanomaterials was used for the preparation of a film on the surface of the glassy carbon electrode. This sensor was used to quantify hydrazine in water samples. The linear range obtained was 2.50 and 88.0 µmol L−1, with a detection limit of 1.77 µmol L−1. Subsequently, the evaluation of the electrochemical performance of 3D−RVC modified with gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) was the main objective of this work. The 3D−RVC was modified by two different strategies of incorporation, electrodeposition and chemical adsorption of a previously prepared nanoparticle colloidal solution. The best results in terms of analytical signal, linear range and detection limit for the probes [Fe(CN)6]3− and [Ru(NH3)6]3+, and organic molecules: paracetamol, uric acid, hydroquinone and tryptophan were obtained using the electrode modified with the AuNPs electrodeposited. So, this electrode was used for the development of a method for the determination of ferulic acid in cosmetic samples and pharmaceutical formulations, being the linear analytical curve in the concentration range from 0.07 to 2.2 µmol L−1, with detection limit of 9.0 nmol L−1. The selectivity, precision and accuracy of the all proposed methods were evaluated by possible interferences studies, intra- and inter-day repeatability measurements and comparison with UV-Vis spectroscopy or HPLC with UV-Vis detection, respectively.
Aplicação de uma atividade experimental sobre vazão de líquidos para o estudo de funções no ensino médio
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-06-28) Rangel, Wilson de Oliveira; Paterlini, Roberto Ribeiro; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6240750958932738; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3515841388282446
Considering the school context from the practical point of view, functions serve as instruments for the study of phenomena and allow the construction of experimental models that can be described through numerical, algebraic, tables, graphical representations, among others. The purpose of this work is to construct a didactic sequence that focuses these representations in a more articulated way, leading to a more comprehensive understanding of the content by the student. Aiming at overcoming the limitations of contextualized situations involving functions, a didactic sequence was proposed based on an experiment that would allow students to formalize and explore the concept of function and to identify their different representations and applications. This proposal had as methodological approach the Mathematical Modeling, whose guidelines make possible the study, the research and the problematization of a real situation. With the data obtained from the experiment, the students composed a table in order to convert this data into a dot chart in the Cartesian plane. From this graph a function was constructed to model the phenomenon observed. All the proposed tasks were described in detail in Activity Sheets, which form the basis for the purpose of this work. In total, twelve separate Activity Sheets were prepared in five blocks, including the last block that includes a final evaluation with questions about flow and construction of graphs. With the conclusion of the application and analysis of the results, we verified that the pedagogical proposal reached the desired goals, stimulating and encouraging students' participation in the development of their autonomy and their mathematical knowledge, contributing decisively to the understanding of the meaning of the concept of function.
A expansão do ensino superior no Brasil: da reforma de 1968 ao anteparo à internacionalização na década de 1980
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-06-28) Filardi, André Moura Blundi; Silva, Eduardo Pinto e; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3492708361349827; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6613999817734461
This text proposes to analyze the expansion of public and private universities in Brazil in the context that includes the reform of higher Education of 1968, undergoing redemocratization in the decade of 1980, until the mid-1990, when they consolidate trends whose contradictions had been configured in different ways in previous decades. It is a text of history of education that adopts, in its analysis, the historical-dialectical method and its conceptual references, such as those of state and ideology. It seeks to demonstrate in this analysis, the political and economic issues that are inherent to the expansion process of universities and public policies, highlighting their relations with the branch of science and technology. Having as a database: The legislation discussed and approved in the aforementioned historical context; Data and statistics related to expansion; Identification and analysis of the agents involved in this political and economic process; and systematization of the bibliography of specialists in the area. In this way, we seek to perform a retrospective of the conditions that have led to the University of Brazil today and how the national and international scenarios influenced its realization. The possibility of collaborating with the debate on the duality and indissociability between the public and the private and discussions about the models of universities proposed and in force also permeates the hypothesis and analysis. The aim of seeking a master line in the conduction of public policies for higher education and the expansion of the university, that is, to investigate if there existed and how a logic directive for the area in question would be characterized throughout this context. Thus, it is adopted the notion that the state has its political form derived from the commodity form and which is the guarder of the capitalist social relations, which does not prevent, however, for the area of public policies, educational, in particular, to be an area in dispute. Throughout the context studied, it was possible to suggest, through the analysis of data and policies, the balance to one side of this dispute between the public and State University and the Privatist and business University, in favor of the latter.
Análise dos sistemas de logística reversa em municípios da bacia hidrográfica Tietê-Jacaré (UGRHI-13)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-06-28) Corrêa, Fernanda Defourny; Pugliesi, Érica; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6736386099280623; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5111043999901170
The National Solid Waste Policy, established by Law No. 12,305 of August 2, 2010, regulated by Decree No. 7,404 of 2010, obliges manufacturers, importers, distributors and retailer of pesticides, their residues and packaging; batteries; tires; lubricating oils, their residues and packaging; fluorescent lamps, sodium and mercury vapor and mixed light; electronic products and their components; and packaging in general to implement Reverse Logistics (RL) systems, returning the products after the use by consumers to the production cycle or other environmentally adequate final destination. The importance of establishing an adequate solid waste management system is not only related to minimizing impacts on the environment, but also on public health. Thus, the objective of this work is to analyze the RL implementation in the municipalities of the HRMU (Hydric Resources Management Unit) -13, of the post-consumption products of the productive sectors already mentioned. The methods adopted include the documentary analysis and the application of a questionnaire in municipalities for the collection of institutional data and management guidelines, and for the case study in the municipality of São Carlos, a detail of the actions through dialogue and interviews with the actors involved in RL systems - municipal public power, resellers of products related to the research, associations representing the productive sectors, managing entities of RL, and other organizations that carry out RL actions. It was identified, among the results, formal and informal RL initiatives in the municipalities of HRMU-13; and that municipalities have no knowledge of all the RL systems that are being implemented; which among these initiatives identified the RL tire system as the one with the highest representativeness among municipalities; and that there is a lack of cooperation between the public spheres and between the private sector and municipalities
Espanhol e português: os pronomes pessoais sujeito em produções escritas em língua não materna
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-06-28) Rosa, Jéssica Rodrigues; Yokota, Rosa; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9230517686993400; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0592749233626484
In this dissertation we seek to understand how the clause subject is filled in by the subject personal pronoun (PPS) in written productions, in Brazilian Portuguese (PB) by Spanish speakers and in Spanish (E) by Brazilians. In order to understand written productions in a foreign language, it is important a bibliographical research on the clause subject in the two languages involved. Duarte (1995) shows that PB is increasingly dissociating from the characteristics of a pro-drop language and, consequently, from European Portuguese (PE) when presenting a high PPS index. On the other hand, in Soriano’s (1999) description, the “syntactic behavior” of Spanish resembles the PE. González (1994), who studied Brazilian students’ productions, called this difference “inverse asymmetry” between PB and PE in relation to the use of tonic and atonic pronouns. The main objective of this research is to verify if there is any similarity in the use of PPS in the written production of the apprentices of these two languages when they are learning the other as a foreign language. We have started from the initial hypothesis, based on Almeida Filho (2004), that learners of Portuguese as a foreign language (PLE) and Spanish as a foreign language (ELE) adopt similar strategies. For the gathering, we proposed to the research participants to develop to write two texts. The results of this master’s research, however, we cannot compare equally the strategy of the two groups because the participants were acting in different contexts: those of ELE were in the context of non-immersion, while those of PLE were in Brazil at the time of the data collection.