Browsing by Issue Date, starting with "2019-07-03"

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Geração de vetores de sentido para o português
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-07-03)
Silva, Jéssica Rodrigues da
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Caseli, Helena de Medeiros
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6608582057810385
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8077169220013752
Numerical vector representations are able to represent from words to meanings, in a low-dimensional continuous space. These representations are based on distributional modeling, where the context in which the word occurs is taken into account for vector generation. The word representations, known as word embeddings or word vectors (Word2vec, FastText, Wang2vec and Glove), which have been widely used until now, have an important limitation: they produce a single vector representation for each word, ignoring the fact that ambiguous words can represent different meanings (different contexts). This mixture of meanings can be a problem for many applications. For example, in a language comprehension task, using the vector of an ambiguous word as "bank", all possible meanings --such as financial institution, blood bank, or furniture item --will be mixed into a single numerical vector, causing an erroneous semantic interpretation of the sentence in which it occurs. Over the last few years, representations of meanings, known as sense embeddings or sense vectors, have proven to be able to model syntactic and semantic knowledge and have been used in NLP applications. By being able to transform the various meanings of an ambiguous word into numerical vectors, sense vectors can be applied to Word Sense Disambiguation (WSD). Thus, this work generated and evaluated sense vectors for Portuguese (PT-BR and PT-EU), and showed that they overcome traditional vectors in intrinsic and extrinsic NLP tasks, since they are capable of dealing with lexical ambiguity. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first work to address the geneation and evaluation of sense vectors for Portuguese.
Análise de fenômenos críticos no modelo Rock-Paper-Scissors
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-07-03)
Silva, Ricardo Rodrigues Justino da
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Santos, Francisco Ednilson Alves dos
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0500176058863562
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2662530173940042
This present work was developed with the purpose of analyzing critical phenomena in the Rock-Paper-Scissors model, consisting of three species and the empty site, initially distributed randomly in a square lattice, in which an active cell can interact with only one of its four neighbors (passive cells). The possible interactions are classified as motion (active and passive switch their positions), reproduction (active reproduces filling an empty site), or predation (active predates the passive generating an empty site). In summary, it is a cyclic interaction model with no privileged direction, however it shows signatures of a continuous phase transition from the diversity (symmetric phase) to uniformity (non symmetric phase). This way, we were motivated to study this type of system and analyze how the variation of one of its control parameters, the reproduction parameter µ, influences the system when µ → µc, where µc is the critical reproduction, and by performing numerical experiments identify to which universality class of the Rock-Paper-Scissors model with three species and the empty site belongs.
Uso do transporte coletivo do município de São Carlos (SP) por parte da comunidade universitária da Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-07-04)
Trindade, João Vítor Araujo
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Hirosue, Fernando Hideki
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4091598921285700
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5835543045188522
In the present work an analysis of the issue of urban mobility by public transportation, focusing on the students of the Federal University of São Carlos, in the city of São Carlos (SP), is carried out. Concepts related to collective transportation and sustainable urban mobility are presented, as well as a theoretical basis on the use of collective transportation by university students and surveys and public transport research. The execution of these surveys through a questionnaire will be essential for the determination of a travel pattern for this group, both in statistical and spatial aspects, with the help of online forms, Geographic Information Systems softwares, and spreadsheets. Due to a better contextualization of the work, a characterization of the municipality of São Carlos in relation to its urban and population evolution and its public urban transport system is carried out. As main results, it was found that collective transportation is the most used mode, followed by automobiles and walking, the latter being more frequently used by those who live near the university. Travel origins are concentrated in some specific neighborhoods of the municipality, which have a good level of access to services and public transportation, or are close to the campus. The users of public transportation to the university (35% of respondents) are, for the most part, undergraduate students, aged between 18 and 23 years and monthly income up to R$1,999.
Modelagem, simulação e análise técnico-econômica-ambiental do processo de extração de óleo de soja por hexano e etanol e da produção de biodiesel
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-07-04)
Potrich, Erich
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Giordano, Roberto de Campos
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0834668419587001
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Cruz, Antonio José Gonçalves da
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1812806190521028
Brazil is the second largest producer of soybean, with the projection of becoming the largest producer in 2019/2020. All Brazilian soybean oil is produced by the extraction process with hexane, an oil derivative. One way to make the extraction process more sustainable would be to replace hexane by ethanol, a renewable solvent widely produced in Brazil. Thereby, the objective of this work was to perform the techno-economic-environmental analysis, together with the modeling and simulation, of the soybean oil extraction process and biodiesel manufacturing. The net present value (NPV) was adopted as the economic metric. For the environmental analysis the life cycle analysis (LCA) of the process was carried out. The soybean oil preparation, extraction, refining and transesterification processes were simulated in EMSO (Environment for Modeling, Simulation and Optimization) software. The products considered in the process were: refined soybean oil, soybean meal, soybean lecithin, pelleted soybean hulls, glycerol and biodiesel. The thermodynamic parameters were estimated by group contribution methods for each element that composes the raw material and the products. The extraction processes using hexane, hydrated ethanol and anhydrous ethanol were simulated. The minimum attractive rate of return (MARR) was 11%. The NPV values calculated for a period of 20 years of operation were positive for all cases analyzed, indicating that all the evaluated processes are economically viable. However, the process employing hexane had a NPV approximately 10.2% higher than the best process employing ethanol (hydrate). On the other hand, the replacement of hexane by ethanol resulted in lower Global Warming Potential (GWP). The substitution of hexane by hydrous ethanol would avoid the emission of approximately 10,600 t of CO2eq per year in an industry that crushes 125 t/h of soybean.
Controle coerente da excitação de modos topológicos em condensados de Bose-Einstein
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-07-04)
Silva, Leonardo Brito da
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Lima, Emanuel Fernandes de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7845605890195115
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9830831654428546
In this project were carried out a study on dynamics control of one dimensional Bose- Einstein condensates of dilute gases by development and application of techniques on systems that are described by Gross-Pitaevskii equation. Were built numeric codes able to return states and energies of condensate nonlinear hamiltonian and also simulate the dynamics of this one when driven by external fields. Therefore, it was possible the observation of condensate behavior under several shapes of space- temporal modulating fields, that are divided in two classes, the first one, the trap modulating, and the second one, the scattering length modulating. The objective of this analysis is to investigate the different natures modulations combined to induce target transitions, in order to built condensates in topological modes by amplitude of the two pathways interference. We noticed that the double modulation can drive the desired transition in a shorter time than only one modulation without significant loss of atoms during fields action and it presents a interesting response to fields relative phase , frequency modulation and fields dalay, in such a way that target transition can be submitted to different ways of Coherent Control. It can reduce the time of transition interfering fields and can control the fraction migrated, such as to interrupt the process without the need to turn off the fields.
Análise da diversidade genética e potencial biotecnológico da comunidade bacteriana associada a Coffea arabica L. de cultivo convencional e orgânico
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-07-04)
Andrade, Paulo Henrique Marques de
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Lacava, Paulo Teixeira
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8947678349043750
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0678317457244082
The present work had as objective the isolation, biochemical characterization, identification and analysis of the genetic diversity of the endophytic bacterial community associated with Coffea arabica L. culture from conventional and organic cultivation. The endophyte isolates were evaluated in vitro for the potential to promote direct plant growth (phosphate solubilization, biological nitrogen fixation and indole acetic acid production) and indirect (antagonism to phytopathogenic fungi) and enzymatic activity (amylolytic, cellulolytic, esterolytic, lipolytic, pectinolytic and proteolytic). Identification was performed by bacterial cell analysis by Matrix Assisted Laser Desorption / Ionization-Time-Of-Fligh (MALDI-TOF) of 59 endophytic isolates. Forty isolates were also identified by partial sequencing of the 16S rDNA gene for evaluation and comparing the diversity of endophytic bacterial communities associated with conventional and organic coffee. The analysis of diversity indicated that the endophytic bacterial community of coffee from the organic growing area is more diverse. A total of ten bacterial strains with potential for plant growth promotion were selected for in vivo inoculation in Coffea arabica L. seedlings and in vitro plant growth promotion indicators as well as macro and micronutrient content in leaf tissue were evaluated after 180 days of the first inoculation. Metagenomic analysis of the 16S rDNA gene was also performed on samples of rhizospheric soil from Coffea arabica L. from the same areas. From the analyzes it was possible to identify sequences of 1 phylum, 6 orders and 27 families among all the samples. Among them, the family Planctomycetaceae was the most abundant in the two areas analyzed, whereas the orders Xanthomonadales and Sphingomonadales were the ones that presented smaller relative abundance in the area ofconventional and organic cultivation, respectively. A total of 21 bacterial groups presented relative abundance with significant difference (p ≤ 0.05) between the rhizosphere samples of conventional and organic coffee, indicating the influence of the management on the bacterial diversity of the rhizospheric soil.
O ensino de língua portuguesa no Brasil: discursos materializados em documentos oficiais e atualizados pelo PCN e pela BNCC
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-07-04)
Fancio, Adriana Cicera Amaral
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Gregolin, Isadora Valencise
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1015869228676997
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1240130812858377
This research has as general objective to analyze the most recent official discursive construction about the Portuguese Language (hereinafter LP) as a teaching object based on the discursive and comparative analysis of the two Brazilian prescriptive documents, namely the National Curricular Parameters (BRAZIL, 1998) and the National Curricular Common Base (BRAZIL, 2017). It is characterized as a qualitative investigation, of theoretical and analytical nature, with procedures of documentary analysis and bibliographic revision, anchored in the perspective of Discourse Analysis (AD) and articulation with the History of Linguistic Ideas (HIL) in Brazil. It is therefore embedded in the previous theoretical reflections on the institutionalization of language as official and national in the country (GUIMARÃES, 2005a), permeated by linguistic policies and relations of force (ORLANDI, 2007a). From the bibliographical analysis, gestures of interpretation of the materiality of the archive (PÊCHEUX, 1982) were performed, in order to provide a better understanding of the silences and meanings that are affected by the conditions of production ((PÊCHEUX, 1981; COURTINE, 1982; ORLANDI, 2015) and the interactions among the subject, the history and the ideological positions that contribute to the construction of the Brazilian linguistic identity (ORLANDI, 2007a, 2015). The Discourse Analysis materialized in the archive about LP as a teaching object in the school showed that the BNCC (2017) updates some discourses enunciated in the PCN (1998) and presents others, such as the organization of teaching in language practices and fields of action. In addition, the analyses showed that LP, in a way, is still seen as the mother tongue of Brazilians producing the coincidence effect (PFEIFFER; SILVA, 2014) in relation to the imaginary language (ORLANDI, 1990). We also recognize the effort, in a certain way, highlighted in the discourse materialized in the recent BNCC (2017), to recognize the linguistic varieties when proposing discussions about the diversity of languages spoken in Brazil, to avoid linguistic prejudice. Finally, another official document presents to society the discourse of improvement of the educational system in Brazil. The complexity of Brazilian education, in short, requires much investment, reorganization of the public policies and language policies.
Transposição de serapilheira em processo de restauração ambiental: análise de fungos endomicorrízicos no município de Cabreúva, SP.
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-07-04)
Giacomini, Luciana Aparecida
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Santos, André Cordeiro Alves dos
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2131880667704281
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5420544048546946
Many natural areas of high biological diversity and endemism, such as those in the Atlantic Forest domain in the southeastern state of São Paulo, have been degraded to meet man's need to convert these areas into agricultural plantations, livestock breeding and other uses. ground. The ecological restoration technique, through the transposition of the forest blanket to degraded or disturbed areas, allows the reestablishment of the ecological processes and can contribute with the increase of the community of microorganisms. Fungi present in the soil microbiota are considered key elements in the nutrient cycling of organic matter deposited in the soil. The arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi belonging to the phylum Glomeromycota associate the plants and are considered obligatory biotrophic; in establishing the symbiosis contribute to the availability of nutrients from the soil to the plants. The objective of this work was to evaluate the influence of the transposition nucleation technique of the second organic litter sub-horizon in the community of mycorrhizal fungi in a disturbed area located in the municipality of Cabreúva, SP. Ten plots were delimited in the experimental unit, being five control plots and five plots with treatment. Two samplings were carried out, the first in October 2017 and the second in July 2018. In these samplings, individual and integrated samples of the soil plots were collected to analyze the physical and chemical characteristics of the soil, the community of mycorrhizal fungi and the number of glomerospores. A total of 27 species were distributed in eight genera: Pacispora (1 species), Diversispora (1), Funneliformis (1), Archaeospora (2), Scutellospora (3), Dentiscutata (4), Acaulospora (5) and Glomus, belonging to six families. It was concluded that the edaphic conditions of the experimental unit are consistent with the presence of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. The transposed organic matter did not promote an increase in species richness and didn’t facilitate the colonization of plant species in the area, whereas gravimetric and grassy moisture may have influenced the richness. The multivariate permutation analysis detected differences in the composition of the species between the seasons and the density of glomerospores decreased in the dry season.
Cingulados do Quaternário da Gruta da Lapinha, Iramaia, BA. Morfologia, Paleoecologia e Paleopatologia
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-07-05)
Jesus, Jorge Felipe Moura de
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Fernandes, Marcelo Adorna
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6709493251686592
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4277988664353633
Xenarthra is one of the major clades of placental mammals; this superorder is subdivided into two orders, Cingulata and Pilosa. Although the cingulates are the oldest recorded xenarthrans and the most diverse group, intraordinal phylogenetic relationships are matter of discussion, especially when fossil species are considered. Recently, studies related to the Phylogeny, Morphology, Ontogeny, Paleopathology and Paleoecology have contibuted to the understanding of these animals that were more diverse taxonomically and morphologically during the Pleistocene and the early Holocene. Two families of herbivore cingulates differed during that time, Pampatheriidae and Glyptodontidae, due to the large size as well as the peculiar feeding habit that was herbivore grazer, in contrast to the living species. In Lapinha Cave, Iramaia, Bahia, Brazil, during an expedition in 2012 and 2014, remains of glyptodonts and pampatheres were found and collected. They are material of study in the present work that aimed: 1) to describe and compare the cingulate specimens from Lapinha Cave; 2) to analyze the developmental stages of the specimens; 3) to analyze the marks found on the osteoderms of the Holmesina specimens; 4) to perform the material dating; 5) to infer the paleoecological implications. Then the results and considerations were: 1) owning to the integrity of pampatheres from Lapinha Cave, new elements of the endoskeleton of this family are described, such as the hyoid apparatus, the complete axial skeleton and the pelvis. One of the results was the total axial length of the specimens (2.2 m), which is less than that that was estimated for other pampatheres. Also, with this work, a new species of Pampatheriidae is described for the Quartenary: Holmesina cryptae sp. nov.; 1.1) Holmesina cryptae and other pampatheres present co-ossifications in the post-cranial axial skeleton that are observed in other cingulates as well. It was also observed that the pampatheres possess the smallest number of lumbar vertebrae (only one) among the cingulates, however, show a number of iliac synsacral vertebrae greater than most xernathrans. 2) the number of vertebrae in these co-ossifications vary according to the developmental stage of these pampatheres; 2.1) Regarding the Glyptodontinae juveniles, when analyzing the material and comparing to which is in the literature is possible to identify them as very young Glyptotherium specimens, and new endoskeletal elements are described. The individuals that present teeth with pyramidal crown are indication of very young specimens that apparently still depended on parental care. 3) The causes of the marks found in Holmesina osteoderms are discussed in this work, and it is concluded that the main causes of the lesions present in various osteoderms of the three individuals analyzed occurred ante mortem and they were caused by ectoparasites as tungids and other dermatites, what is another evidence of this type of interation during the Quaternary in the Brazilian Intertropical Region. 4) By the radiocarbon dating of bioapatite method, the age of circa 21 ka was obtained which coincides with the SALMA Lujanian (Upper Pleistocene) and agrees with relative dating of H. paulacoutoi in Bahia, Brazil and Holmesina, Pampatherium and Tonnicinctus in the South of the continent. 5) The H. cryptae specimens lived in a time with a recurrent dry climate in Northeasern Brazil, possibly they represent declining populations. The search for water may have been the reason why the pampatheres entered in Lapinha Cave. 5.1) Iramaia, as well as the Chapada Diamantina region has a diversity of the species of animals from the Quaternary related to Brazilian Intertropical Region (BIR). The presence of more than one pampatheriid taxon in the same region, H. paulacoutoi, H. cryptae sp. nov. and Pampatherium humboldtii does not necessarily mean that they co-occurred contemporaneously in sympatry; it could represent uncontemporary expansion and contraction of species ranges due to climatic and environmental changes during the late Pleistocene.
Desenvolvimento e Integração de um Sistema de Servidor web Baseado com Arquitetura em Nuvem para Robótica Educacional
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-07-07)
Kusumota, Victor Luis Pires
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Aroca, Rafael Vidal
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9262228584082064
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1781834992652702
Robotics is an attractive and motivating tool for students of any level. Using robots in education can help to arouse students’ interest in many subjects. This work presents the development and implementation of an educational platform for a mobile robot called Cozmo, with several features, including web server for user interface, computer vision, voice recognition, robot trajectory tracking control, among others. Functions for Educational purposes were implemented in the developed system, including mathematical, spelling, directions, and questions functions that gives more flexibility for the teachers to create their own scripts. A cloud voice recognition tool was implemented to improve the interactive system between Cozmo and the users. Also, a cloud computing vision system was used to perform object recognition using Cozmo’s camera to be applied on educational games. Other functions were created to control Cozmo’s motors and expressions to create sophisticated scripts. To run the scripts, an interpreter algorithm was developed to translate the created functions into Cozmo’s programming language. To validate this work, the project was presented to several elementary school teachers (classes with students between 4 and 12) and the results are reported in this work, indicating that the proposed system can be a useful educational tool. Lastly, in order to reduce the project cost, a simpler system was developed that uses a Raspberry PI to give commands to Cozmo, a computer is no longer necessary.
Avaliação de repertórios matemáticos básicos de indivíduos com síndrome de Williams
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-07-07)
Palombarini, Livia dos Santos
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Carmo, João dos Santos
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1263046410329694
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6385652277991484
Williams syndrome is a genetic disorder marked by the deletion of approximately 25 genes on chromosome 7q11.23. In addition to typical facial features, Williams's syndrome is marked by an asymmetric cognitive profile in which the development of verbal abilities are comparable to typically developing individuals while presenting a large deficit in visuospatial skills. It is hypothesized that visuospatial skills’ deficits account to the poor performance in mathematical tasks reported in individuals with Williams syndrome. Studies suggest that Williams syndrome individuals perform better in mathematical tasks that require the use of verbal skills than those that require the use of visuospatial skills. However, the results are divergent. The presence of anxiety disorders is also common in individuals with Williams syndrome. It is suggested that students with learning difficulties have a greater tendency to develop mathematics anxiety. The current study investigated whether Williams syndrome individuals perform better in mathematical tasks that require the use of verbal skills than in those that require visuoespatial skills. The performance of three individuals with Williams syndrome and six typical developing children aged between seven and 10 years were evaluated in the following mathematical domains: counting, symbolic number magnitude representation, non symbolic number magnitude representation, number transcoding, place value, number line, number fact and problem resolution. To investigate the participants’ conceptions towards mathematics and their level of mathematics anxiety, two scales were applied to obtain the participants’ equivalent receptive vocabulary age. The results corroborate with those reported in the literature and suggest that the performance of individuals with Williams syndrome in tasks requiring the use of verbal skills is slightly better than in tasks requiring the use of nonverbal skills. In general, the mathematical skills of individuals with Williams syndrome resembled those of seven-year-olds. Furthermore, the results indicate that there is no relation between PPVT-R performance and performance in verbal mathematical tasks for these participants. The conceptions and levels of anxiety obtained by the applied scales suggest that individuals with Williams syndrome in this study have no greater tendency to develop mathematics anxiety.
Homoparentalidade na literatura infantil: a visibilidade das novas famílias
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-07-10)
Dutra, Cassio Casteli
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Infante, Joyce Rodrigues Ferraz
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7590751343091510
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8981880804247557
This study aims to understand and characterize how homoparenting families are represented in children’s books. This topic was chosen because it is believed that literary works that discuss homoparenting are important to society, as they help prevent the naturalization and perpetuation of prejudice and discrimination. At the same time, visibility is brought to the family types that for a long time did not feel represented in any way in our society. After taking a course on the subject at University of Aveiro and an extensive search for books that include same-sex parenting representation, five works were selected—two of them published in Portugal, and three of them published in Brazil—which allowed an understanding of how same-sex parenting is portrayed in children’s books, the similarities and differences between the Brazilian and the Portuguese publications, and if and how discrimination is presented. The results show that the works do not emphasize homosexuality itself, but rather the love and the affection in those families. The stories in these books also bring those normal family aspects to normality in a society that is still plagued by prejudice towards these families. Even though the number of published books that portray same-sex parenting in Brazil and Portugal is not satisfactory, it is expected that this work contributes to fostering more publications and research in the area.
Single, multi- and many-objective meta-heuristic algorithms applied to pattern recognition
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-07-10)
Rodrigues, Douglas
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Papa, João Paulo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9039182932747194
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2937000202876761
In the last few years, metaheuristic algorithms have been used for solving several problems in engineering, biology, physics, among others, since many of them can be modeled as being optimization tasks. Metaheuristic methods simulate social dynamics and physical phenomena such as the interaction among bats, some species of birds, insects or even gravitational force. Although these metaheuristic techniques are commonly applied to solve single-objective problems, they are also being used to solve multi- and many-objective problems, where the idea of a single global optimal solution is replaced by the concept of Pareto-front. In computer vision and pattern recognition areas, little effort has been dedicated to multi-objective optimization using metaheuristics. As such, this thesis aims at studying and developing new mono, multi- and many-objective versions of metaheuristic techniques in the context of machine learning, which include, among other areas, feature combination and selection, parameter optimization of machine learning techniques and deep learning.
Los Ríos Profundos: polifonia musical
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-07-10)
Andrade, Rodrigo Caravage de
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Infante, Joyce Rodrigues Ferraz
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7590751343091510
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4455173182259956
The aim of this Course Conclusion Work is to demonstrate how in Los Ríos Profundos, by José María Arguedas, music develops throughout the work. Through music, “huyanos”, Ernesto, the protagonist, will understand the Inca world and, with that, the culture of the indigenous peoples of the region. Orality and music are the natural elements during the work, present in rivers, mountains, insects and winds. Ernesto's journey to get to know the Andean culture and, thus, to understand himself belonging to it, goes through the interaction of the indigenous people of the mountainous region of Peru. The construction of an indigenous identity for Ernesto during the work, without denying the influence of Spanish colonization, works on two distinct cultures (Inca and Western / Christian) and thus creates a harmonious society. Arguedas will demonstrate a possible way out of the dialogue between these two cultures, without the repression and the imposition of a certain Peruvian socioeconomic layer on another.
Impactos da manufatura aditiva no modelo de negócio
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-07-10)
Franco, Denise
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Ganga, Gilberto Miller Devós
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9062191157466610
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4697276863232478
A change in consumption has impacted the industrial production, which currently tends to a low volume of production of customized products. Stay competitive in the face of these Fourth Industrial Revolution trends, companies have been looking for new manufacturing techniques to equip themselves with the tools needed for greater flexibility and economic output. Additive Manufacturing can be considered as such technique and has become one of the major disruption phenomena that will impact companies. The greatest breakthrough potential of this technology lies clearly in industrial applications and how they will influence the business model. Therefore, this research aimed to explore the impacts of AM in the business model Canvas. Motivations and limitations for the AM implementation were also investigated. For this, a systematic literature review together with a specialist’s panel, a multiple case study and professionals’ interviews were carried out with the purpose of refining and testing the theory. Thus, the research sought a balance between the explanation of literature and practice. With the results of the research the AM impacts on business model, and its motivations and limitations were identified. Finally, research propositions were suggested. It has been empirically proven that the AM adoption leads to increased democratization of production, intensified information flow, increased environmental impact, and negative impact on workers' health and safety. In addition, the novelty for the literature is that the AM makes the production process more complex and leads to the company's culture change. The limitations for the AM adoption unpublished for the literature were wrong image of the technology and lack of willingness to test.
Otimização do sequenciamento de atividades de manutenção de aeronaves com abordagens de programação de projetos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-07-11)
Pileggi, Mateus de Oliveira
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Morabito Neto, Reinaldo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4194801952934254
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4868626632492231
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Morabito, Reinaldo
The present work analyses the aircraft maintenance activities scheduling that can be seen as a production scheduling problem. The work is developed with the collaboration of a mid-size maintenance center located in Brazil that maintains a fleet of dozens of aircrafts. The case study aims to develop, propose and apply two optimization models that appropriately represents the problem using project scheduling methods. These methods are based in the Resource Constrained Project Scheduling Problems, already explored in other industrial settings. The aim is to contribute to enhance the aircraft maintenance activities scheduling and analyze the efficiency of the proposed models to solve the problem. Computational results obtained from the model application to real instances of the case study are presented and analyzed, showing the potential of this kind of approach to represent and optimize the aircraft maintenance. The results show that both models have the potential for practical application, each one with its objective function characteristics, achieving better results when compared to the case study practice.
Desenvolvimento de sensores impressos e descartáveis para a detecção de compostos de importância ambiental e biológica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-07-11)
Andreotti, Isabela Aparecida de Araujo
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Janegitz, Bruno Campos
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7746094938977989
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9446453525763089
Disposable electrochemical sensors have attracted the attention of the scientific community given its advantages, such as large-scale production with relatively low cost and reduced sample volume. In this context, the technique of printed electrodes has been widely used in electroanalytical for the development of new sensing platforms and in the improvement of their performances. With the objective of developing disposable sensors with low relative cost, through the printing technique, two conductive inks were developed: one from nail polish (NP) for nails and graphite (GP) and another paint from stained glass varnish (GV) and graphite. As a substrate of the sensor, we used PET from bottles of drinks that would be discarded. After the development of the conductive ink, the morphological and electrochemical characterization of GP-NP / PET and GP-GV / PET devices were performed. To verify the functionality of the sensors, hydroquinone (HQ), serotonin (5-HT), epinephrine (EP) and estriol (E3) were chosen as analytes. The scanning electron microscopy characterization of GP-NP / PET and GP-GV / PET revealed that the inks have a homogeneous, rough and porous surface, characteristics that help increase the surface area of the working electrode. Using the square-wave voltammetry technique, the GP-NP / PET sensor presented a linear response in the concentration range of 5.0 × 10−6 to 1.0 × 10−4 mol L−1 with a detection limit of 1.2 × 10−8 mol L−1 for HQ, 5,0 × 10−5 to 1,0 × 10−4 mol L−1 with a detection limit of 3,1 × 10−7 mol L−1 for 5-HT and 1.0 × 10−7 to 5.0 × 10−5 mol L−1 with a detection limit of 1 × 10−7 mol L−1 for EP. For the GP-GV/PET device, 1.0 × 10−7 at 8.0 × 10−6 mol L−1 to was obtained with a detection limit of 1 × 10−8 mol L−1 for E3. The devices detected the analytes in environmental, pharmaceutical and biological samples. In this way, the inks developed are interesting for the application in disposable sensors, given their characteristics as homogeneity while liquid, and physical stability after drying, not breaking, following the flexibility of the substrate.
Instrumento para mensurar privacidade em ambientes IoT
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-07-11)
Lopes, Bruno
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Zorzo, Sérgio Donizetti
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2523715806470871
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3583757032047884
The Internet of Things (IoT) connects devices that are commonly used in people's daily lives - such as cell phones, televisions, coffee makers, refrigerators, beds, sensors, and more - so that they automatically communicate over a network. Generic, impersonal information exchange between devices can occasionally lead to privacy issues, such as making personal information available to applications when using them. Since it retains a concept that involves various dimensions of data considered private, such as body, behavioral, communication and personal. To measure privacy in IoT environments, this paper presents the design of an instrument, called the Internet of Things Privacy Concerns (IoTPC), which is capable of reflecting users' concerns about privacy in an IoT environment. The IoTPC instrument consists of 17 items obtained through an analysis of the privacy measurement instruments available in the current literature, which include users' opinion on how devices collect, process and make their personal information available in specific IoT scenarios. . The validation of the IoTPC was performed from the analysis of the results of a sample of 61 participants, considering the dimensions of IoT requests, decision power and caution, through exploratory factor analysis. IoTPC subsidized the construction of an inference module in a privacy negotiation mechanism for IoT systems. This module performs an inference based on IoTPC items and IoT scenarios through machine learning algorithms, which have been trained and tested with the privacy preferences derived from the IoTPC instrument. The results of the learning process of the inference module obtained an accuracy of 79.20%, concluding that the instrument can be employed by a privacy negotiation mechanism.
Dor crônica e desempenho cognitivo em idosos cuidadores
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-07-11)
Terassi, Marielli
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Pavarini, Sofia Cristina Iost
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1983620301963081
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Hortense, Priscilla
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7153278628783234
In recent years, an increasing number of elderly people who care for another elderly person in the same household have been observed. This elderly person may be more susceptible to increased stress, overload and chronic pain. Pain can negatively influence social, psychological and cognitive variables, and some studies describe a worse cognitive performance in individuals with chronic pain, but the studies in the literature are still controversial. Thus, this thesis aimed to: 1) Compare the performance and cognitive processing of elderly caregivers and non-caregivers with and without chronic pain. 2) Verify the relationship of cognitive performance and chronic pain over time in elderly caregivers and the factors associated with this cognitive decline. In order to achieve the objectives, two studies were performed. In the first study, a cross-sectional study was conducted with 149 elderly individuals divided into four groups matched for gender, age and education. The groups were divided into: elderly caregivers with chronic pain, elderly caregivers with absence of pain, elderly caregivers with chronic pain and elderly caregivers with absence of pain. In order to verify the intensity of the pain, the numerical scale of pain was used and for the evaluation of cognition the Brief Cognitive Screening Battery (BRRC), the Addenbrooke's Cognitive Examination (ACE_R) and the cognitive processing through the evoked potential (P300). Significant statistical differences between participants with and without chronic pain were found in the attention / orientation domains, visuospatial abilities and total score of the ACER instrument. In the BBRC the differences were found in the painless group between caregivers and non-caregivers, with better results in the caregiver group. There was no effect between subjects or interaction (care and pain) on P300 amplitude and latency. The second article was a longitudinal study, conducted with 104 elderly caregivers between the years 2014 and 2018. Participants were divided into two groups: with chronic pain and absence of pain. All comparisons were adjusted for gender, age, number of medications, number of comorbidities, hours of care, depression and stress. For data analysis, a mixed linear model and ANCOVA with a significance level of 5% were used. Cognitive decline was observed over four years in the elderly with chronic pain in the memory domains (p = <0.01; 95% CI = 0.75-2.84) and in the total score of the ACE-R instrument (p = 0.02; 95% CI = 0.32-4.25) in relation to the elderly without pain, however, no associated factor was identified in this decline. Despite intragroup changes, there was no evidence that the pain group achieved a significant change from the pain-free group. Regarding the group with chronic pain, it was not possible to verify an association between pain intensity and cognitive performance. In conclusion, the results showed that the elderly caregivers with chronic pain presented worse cognitive performance over four years in the total score of the ACER instrument and in the memory domain, but there was no difference between groups in cognitive performance.
Evolução cromossômica e diversidade genética em espécies de peixes da família Arapaimidae (Teleostei: Osteoglossiformes)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-07-12)
Oliveira, Ezequiel Aguiar de
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Cioffi, Marcelo de Bello
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0242034365085727
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3035501906153908
The Neotropical region exhibits the largest diversity of freshwater fishes in the world and the demographic history of several taxa is related to the geomorphological and climatic history of this region. Among the Osteoglossiformes, the Arapaimidae family is represented by only two genera, with a South American representative Arapaima and another African Heterotis, an important ichthyological group that still has lacked genetic and cytogenetic studies. Therefore, the present work with the use of advanced population genomics tools, selection of demographic models by machine learning, conventional and molecular cytogenetics analysis, aimed at developing a broad understanding of the chromosomal, molecular and phylogeographic diversity of these species. We aimed to better clarify the evolutionary events that shaped the demographic history of this fish group. For that, South American and African representatives of Arapaimidae, namely Arapaima (four natural populations of the Am basin, three of the To-Ar basin and three fish farms) and Heterotis niloticus (a population of the Oluwa River in Nigeria) were examined. The species differed significantly by means of diploid chromosome numbers, with 2n = 56 found in Arapaima and 2n = 40 exhibited by H. niloticus. However, these species presented some general tendencies shared by other Osteoglossiformes analyzed so far, regarding the presence of only one pair of chromosomes bearing 18S and 5S rDNA sites and karyotypes dominated by acrocentric-submetacentric chromosomes, thus corresponding to hypothetical karyotype patterns ancestral to teleosts. In addition, their genomes showed remarkable divergence in terms of repetitive DNA content and distribution as revealed by Comparative Genomic Hybridization (CGH). On the other hand, genomic diversity of single-copy sequences (SNPs), retrieved through principal component analysis (PCA), based on alleles obtained by the DArTseq procedure, demonstrated a very low genetic distance between these genera. These data provided a clear view of the genetic diversity between African and South American Arapaimidae species and were highly consistent with the chromosomal, geographic and historical data, helping to understand its evolutionary diversification. Concerning the investigations of the genus Arapaima in South America, we observed a higher general level of genetic diversity in the Am populations when compared to the one observed in the To-Ar basin. In addition, a high genetic differentiation between the populations of the different basins was observed. By including samples of fish farming, the most likely ancestry of the used breeding herds was revealed, raising concerns about the use of broodstocks outside the distribution of their genetic grouping. No significant chromosome differentiations in the karyotypic structure and repetitive DNA compositions among the studied Arapaima populations was observed. Although the main routes for Arapaima colonization in South America are still unclear, the model selection from convolutional neural networks (CNN) applied to our empirical data indicated a scenario in which the Am basin was the first to be colonized, followed by the To-Ar one. Other studies should focus on a wider historical biogeographic reconstruction of the order Osteoglossiformes, which may potentially explain its relationship with the Gondwana break-up and the presence of this taxon in South America.