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Síntese do catalisador ácido molibdofosfórico suportado em zircônia sulfatada e magneticamente recuperável visando a valorização de compostos derivados da biomassa lignocelulósica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-07-31)
Marchini, Lucas
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Paixão, Márcio Weber
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3773908504964104
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6978772339322590
;
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6349-5181
The impacts associated with excessive use of energy derived from non-renewable sources transcend the discussion of possible exhaustion and are strongly aligned with the possibility of an environmental imbalance. In this way, the interest in the production of fuels from natural and renewable sources grows strongly throughout the globe. In this directenvironmentalsting paths for sustainable fuel growth and development is through the use of lignocellulosic biomass as the raw material. Lignocellulosic biomass represents a high interest due to the possibility of being converted into sugars which, in turn, proceeds through reactions catalyzed by acid - Lewis and Brønsted - to provide products such as furfural (FUR), 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF), levulinic acid (LA), alkyl levulinate, gamma-valerolactone (GVL) and derivatives thereof. These compounds are considered platforms molecules of great industrial and academic interest. Therefore, it is of great importance the research of new materials with acidic characteristics, which are able to promote these transformations.The molybdophosphoric acid (MoP) is a heteropolyacid that has associated protons, presenting high Brønsted acidity and, consequently, emerges as an interesting catalyst in the valorization of compounds derived from lignocellulosic biomass. In this work, a catalyst composed of molybosphoric acid supported in magnetically recoverable sulfated zirconia was synthesized, which should be characterized by techniques such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), programmed temperature desorption of ammonia (TPD-NH3), transform infrared spectroscopy of Fourier with adsorption of pyridine (FTIR-py), quantum interference superconducting device (SQUID), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), 31P nuclear magnetic resonance, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and high transmission electron microscopy resolution (HR-TEM). Properly characterized, they were evaluated the conversions of the compound derived from lignocellulosic biomass to alkyl levulinates. In the catalytic evaluation, it was necessary to optimize the catalyst through the influence of fundamental parameters such as temperature, catalyst mass, molar ratio between the substrate and solvent, and water influence in order to obtain the ideal conditions and the products of this reaction analyzed by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC-MS).
A riqueza do élenchos: um estudo sobre a aplicação platônica da prática investigativa socrática
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-07-31)
Quinalia Filho, Rineu
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Souza, Eliane Christina de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5658382257368048
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1710662256211660
Proposing a presentation regarding élenchos is not an easy task. Élenchos is primarily a synonym of inspection. Everything starts with a simple question: “what is?” (ti estí;). Ti estí basically establishes the relationship between the subject who applies the question (Socrates) and the other who must defend it (almost always a renowned interlocutor). At the start, élenchos has a personal character, a play of roles between someone who asks and another person who answers with fixed guidelines. Two dialogues from Plato’s youth are explored in this thesis: Laches and Charmides. Considering that these dialogues are watched by a supposed audience, we point to an interpretation where the main interlocutors of Socrates could represent a kind of stage, a means to an end, and not the final recipient of the dynamics proposed by the Socratic inspection. The thesis will establish a metaelenctic approach pointing to the interpretation that the Socratic élenchos could be seen under the light of a two-fold orientation: the first one, which is called ‘straight’, would have a dual nature, proposing the inspection of a (famous) other; the second is the ‘oblique’, with a plural nature, aiming at the instruction of (humble) others.
Influência da taxa de resfriamento no módulo de elasticidade de ligas beta Ti e obtenção de diagramas CCT
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-07-31)
Santos, Rafael Formenton Macedo dos
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Munoz Chaves, Javier Andres
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1205198307049324
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Afonso, Conrado Ramos Moreira
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2176215981291453
The metallic alloys used as orthopedic implants, such as the Ti-6Al-4V, present some problems of biological and mechanical compatibility. In addition, the great difference between the elastic modulus of human bone and the commercial alloys used as implants is responsible for the stress-shielding effect. In this way, the objective of this study was to obtain CCT diagrams through dilatometry of β-Ti alloys and to investigate the influence of the cooling rate by comparing the microstructure and properties (microhardness and elastic modulus) for Ti-40Nb (Ti40Nb) and Ti-12Mo-6Zr-2Fe (TMZF) alloys. For this, besides the alloy as received, it was yield the following cooling rates: 103 oC/s for rapidly solidified (SR condition); 102 oC/s for water quenche; 5 oC/s for air cooling and 0.05 oC/s for furnace cooling. Afterwards all the samples were submitted to the microstructural characterization through X-ray diffraction (XRD), optical microscopy (OM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Physical property of elastic modulus E (GPa) was measured via impulse excitation technique while the mechanical property was assessed using Vickers microhardness. Finally, the thermal characterization was performed by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and dilatometry. For the SR condition, which showed the lowest values of elastic modulus and Vickers microhardness, the presence of β-Ti (bcc) and α” (martensite) phases for both alloys and the values of modulus and elasticity and Vickers hardness, respectively, with 56 GPa and 144HV for the Ti40Nb (SR), 74GPa and 333HV for the TMZF (SR) alloy. For lowest cooling rate (furnace), the results showed the presence of β and α phases for both alloys, and values of E = 83 GPa and 302 HV for the Ti40Nb alloy and 106 GPa and 443 HV for the TMZF alloy. Based on these results, together with the results of the DSC test and dilatometry, it was possible to build real CCT diagram for both alloys.
Contribuição para a melhoria no desempenho ambiental de porcelanatos: Avaliação de Ciclo de Vida (ACV) e o uso de fundentes enérgicos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-08-01)
Contartesi, Flavia
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Melchiades, Fábio Gomes
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4469106561041487
;
Boschi, Anselmo Ortega
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3259846931278607
Whether due to growing environmental awareness or legal and market requirements, the quest for sustainable development has leading to the need to improve processes and products. In this scenario, the general objective of the present work was to contribute to the improvement in the environmental performance of porcelain tile industries in Brazil, the third largest producer of ceramic tiles in the world, from two complementary stages. The first one, through the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) bibliography of ceramic tiles developed in Brazil and in the world, aimed to identify the most critical stages of the manufacturing process and to raise peculiarities of the Brazilian reality. The results pointed to the firing stage as the main responsible for the environmental impacts and the use of the dry route as the most outstanding peculiarity of the Brazilian industry. From these results, the second stage aimed to contribute with proposals to reduce the most critical stage. In this context, it was proposed the reduction of the firing temperature, and consequently of the associated impacts, in porcelain tiles manufactured by dry route through the use of energetic fluxing agents. To try to predict the effects of the addition of fluxes on the behavior of the standard formulation during sintering the Fluegel viscosity model was used. The initial reduction target of 30 °C was reached for all fluxes used and exceeded in some. In the supply of alkaline earth oxide modifiers, the prediction was accurate, for alkaline, approximate. However, for borates the results differed considerably from those predicted by the model. The results showed a good correlation between the viscosity of the liquid phase and the firing temperature, suggesting that the formulations with the lowest firing temperature are able to densify without reaching viscosity as low as the standard.
Da luta pela terra ao reconhecimento: considerações sobre a trajetória das famílias assentadas no PDS Santa Helena e o acesso a políticas públicas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-08-01)
Khalil, Bárbara El
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Carvalho, Joelson Gonçalves de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4923394220818843
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0141039743607067
A expansão do capitalismo no meio rural tem como consequência histórica o conflito entre o capital e as populações camponesas. Esse conflito se materializa, não somente, mas em grande parte, na luta pela terra e na dificuldade que as populações camponesas têm em acessar políticas públicas voltadas para um desenvolvimento rural compatível com a diversidade dos sujeitos e de suas formas de organização social presentes no rural brasileiro. Neste contexto, o presente trabalho pretende analisar a conflitualidade inerente à questão agrária brasileira a partir de um estudo de caso, a saber: o Projeto de Desenvolvimento Sustentável (PDS) Santa Helena, localizado no município de São Carlos, interior do estado de São Paulo. Nosso objetivo é reconstruir a trajetória de luta pela terra dos assentados, bem como compreender como se dá o acesso da comunidade assentada a outras políticas públicas. Nossa hipótese é a de que os agricultores do Santa Helena enfrentam dificuldades para serem reconhecidos como sujeitos que podem acessar políticas públicas, o que limita, por seu turno, a capacidade de produção e reprodução social e material desses assentados.
Modelos não lineares assimétricos com efeitos mistos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-08-02)
Pereira, Marcos Antonio Alves
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Russo-Novelli, Cibele Maria
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1011098065426388
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4792032354955226
This work aims to develop asymmetric nonlinear regression models with mixed-effects, which provide alternatives to the use of normal distribution and other symmetric distributions, in order to avoid the sensitivity in the estimates to atypical observations and asymmetry. Nonlinear models with mixed-effects are explored in several areas of knowledge, especially when data are correlated, such as longitudinal data, repeated measures and multilevel data, in particular, for their flexibility in dealing with measures of areas such as biology and pharmacokinetics. However, there are difficulties in obtaining explicit estimators for the parameters in these models. At present, many studies have been developed with the family scale mixtures of skew-normal distribution (SMSN) that encompasses distributions with light and heavy tails, such as skew-normal, skew-Student-t, skew-contaminated normal and skew-slash, as well as symmetrical versions of these distributions. In this work, nonlinear regression models with mixed-effects are presented in which the random components have distributions belonging to the SMSN family. For the parameters estimation, a numerical solution via the EM algorithm and its extensions and Newton-Raphson algorithm is obtained. Analyzes for real data sets are performed with this new proposal, such as the study of drug kinetics in humans, as well as diagnostic analyzes, through residual analysis and influence diagnostics. Simulation studies are conducted to verify the maximum likelihood properties of the estimators.
Invasor (in)conveniente: o manejo de javali como política pública
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-08-02)
Guillardi, Bruno Luiz
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Molina, Wagner de Souza Leite
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5939243693407420
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3785840214023786
This master thesis aims to demonstrate the implementation of wild boar management as a State Public Policy, especially in the state of São Paulo. Thus, we seek to explain the possible causes of the introduction and spread of wild boars (Sus scrofa) within the Brazilian territory, as well as the reasons that caused their demographic growth, a fact that has caused several economic, environmental and social damages throughout the country. Faced with this scenario, the Brazilian Institute of Environment and Renewable Natural Resources (IBAMA) eventually released the management, via slaughter, as a way to try to control its proliferation. However, given the lack of resources (human and financial) of the Brazilian State, it was up to individuals and companies to take over the management of wild boars, ie, while the State would be responsible for legislation and supervision, people who wanted, for some reason. For this reason, controlling wild boars could, with proper authorization, do so. Initially, in the state of São Paulo, the person responsible for releasing and overseeing management was the State Secretariat of the Environment (SMA) through its regionalized departments. Subsequently, this changed, with IBAMA being in charge of the registration and accountability of managers, while SMA along with the police agencies would be responsible for enforcement. However, the problem lies in the changes in management laws that are being changed too much - sometimes by the state government, sometimes by the federal government -, showing that the perspectives of action of those who build the management policy, the state organs, compared to those who carry out the control, the managers are not the same. Therefore, the problem of wild boar spread may persist or even worsen. Thus, in this paper, besides just trying to demonstrate the possible beginning of the introduction of wild boars in Brazil and the probable damages caused by their proliferation, we tried to contribute with some considerations and considerations, presenting different perspectives, often conflicting, of the State legislator/inspectors and control agents, in order to better clarify the management of wild boar as a Public Policy.
Cuidado em saúde mental infantojuvenil na atenção básica à saúde: práticas, desafios e perspectivas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-08-02)
Fernandes, Amanda Dourado Souza Akahosi
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Matsukura, Thelma Simões
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5611215381682164
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7901666626822625
In recent years, a growing global investment in health guidelines has been identified, so that all professionals, especially those working in the field of Primary Health Care (ABS), have been invited to intervene in suffering. Thus, a sustainable relationship between mental health and ABS actions has been fundamental for advancing health reform proposals and psychiatric reform in Brazil, although the few studies focused on this level of care show a number of weaknesses. To this end, the objectives of this research were to: - Identify the implications of child and adolescent mental health care developed in ABS and conceptions of child and adolescent mental health from the perspective of the managers of the Health Units team of seven municipalities in the State of São Paulo; and to understand in depth the reality of mental health in ABS in order to reveal the challenges, perspectives and potentials in this level of health care. Regarding the specific objectives, we sought to identify a) the practices of care in the field of child and adolescent mental health offered by the Health Units, b) with the network and intersectoral care has been proposed and developed, c) how the access has been given of children and adolescents in psychic suffering in ABS, and d) whether the Health Unit responds to public policies for children and adolescents and mental health. This is a quantitative qualitative study based on two studies. In the first study, two forms and a questionnaire were applied with 53 managers of ABS Health Units from seven municipalities in the State of São Paulo - Brazil. Study II, is an ethnography, developed in a periphery of evident vulnerability, in one of the Health Units involved in the first Study. In this Study II, the insertion of the researcher in the field involved the observation and participation in the activities carried out by the Health Unit, the mapping and recognition of the territory attached to the Unit, as well as the dialogue with technicians, users and other actors involved with childhood and adolescence. The results of study I pointed out that the conception of most ABS professionals about child and adolescent mental health is close to the precepts present in psychosocial care, however, this understanding is not related to the recognition of children and adolescents in psychic suffering, with the care actions proposed by the services, and also in practices that involve network and intersectoral care, which is based on the specialty and referrals. The results from Study II have shown that when there is some form of care, it occurs under the perspective of health problems, being predominantly biomedical and curative, and there are no actions that aim to reach children and adolescents in psychic suffering, even in the face of the obvious demand in a territory of extreme vulnerability, marked by drug trafficking, violence, exclusion and social inequality. It is also identified in the results of Study II that, in the absence or insufficiency of the State, drug trafficking is present in the mediation and management of the daily relations of the population, including their relationship with health equipment. Moreover, much of the specificity and field of child and adolescent mental health was being re-dimensioned during the course of ethnography, as well as the role of ABS, as a territorial equipment, fundamental in the process of deinstitutionalization, and was re-signified. Beyond the limits of the current reality, the extreme need for attention to this population and also the powers in the possibilities of expansion of care in the territory have been revealed, which reaffirms the fundamental role of ABS in child-minded mental health care.
Habituação das respostas cardiovasculares ao estresse de restrição em ratos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-08-02)
Benini, Ricardo
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Crestani, Carlos Cesar
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1117432571971568
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3972492902132382
Habituation refers to any decrease in physiological and behavioral responsiveness to a repeated stimulus, while sensitization is a hyperresponsiveness trigger by the same stimulus or other stimuli. Although the habituation of neuroendocrine responses to stress is well described in the literature, a progressive reduction of cardiovascular responses during repeated exposure to the same aversive stimulus is still controversial. Therefore, in the present study we have tested the hypothesis that cardiovascular responses habituate during repeated exposure to restraint stress in rats, and this effect is influenced by the length, frequency and number of aversive sessions; exposure to other stressors and physical training; as well as the sex, age and lineage of the animals. The habituation of corticosterone response to repeated restraint stress was also evaluated. We observed that serum corticosterone increase was decreased during stress and the recovery period of the 10th restraint session when compared to the response during an acute session. Regarding cardiovascular responses, a faster heart rate (HR) return was observed at baseline during the post-stress period of the 10th 60-min restraint stress session in male and female adult Wistar rats, in elderly Wistar rats, and in Holztman adult rats. Daily 120-minute sessions decreased blood pressure and HR values during the recovery of the 10th session in adult Wistar rats. Adolescent Wistar rats presented a reduction in HR response during the 10th restraint session. Spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and Long-Evans did not show any sign of habituation of cardiovascular responses to restraint stress. Regarding the frequency, tachycardia during the 10th session was increased in adult Wistar rats submitted to 60 minutes of restraint presented on alternate days, and decreased in rats submitted to the protocol of 5 daily sessions followed by 2 days of rest. Exposure to other chronic stressors including chronic varied stress and social isolation stress as well as a treadmill physical training protocol inhibited the process of habituation of the HR response observed during the 10th session of 60 minutes of restraint stress. The chronic varied stress and social isolation also facilitated the responses of, respectively, blood pressure and HR to restraint stress. These results provide evidence of habituation of cardiovascular responses after repeated exposure to restraint stress, and this effect is dependent on duration, frequency and number of exposures; besides being influenced by the sex, period of the life and lineage of the animals. The habituation process was also inhibited by exposure to other chronic stressors and by physical training.
Identificação taxonômica, potencial agrícola e biotecnológico de bactérias endofíticas e rizosféricas associadas a Paspalum atratum e P. notatum
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-08-02)
Paula, Ailton Ferreira de
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Fávero, Alessandra Pereira
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4329892306148506
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Lacava, Paulo Teixeira
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8947678349043750
The genus Paspalum belongs to the family Poaceae and has several species native to Brazil. The Germplasm Bank of Paspalum of Embrapa Pecuária Sudeste has about 450 accessions of 50 species. Among the conserved accessions, two were chosen for this study: BGP 26 of P. notatum (potential as a lawn) and BGP 308 of P. atratum (potential as a forage ). To date, both endophytic and rhizospheric microbiological diversity for these two accessions were unknown, as well as the potential of these bacteria for promoting the plant growth (BPPG). The objective of this study was to evaluate the endophytic and rhizospheric bacterial community of P. atratum and P. notatum, in order to (1) identify in vitro the potential of these microorganisms in the promotion of plant growth by biological nitrogen fixation (BNF), phosphate solubilization (FS), indol-acetic acid (IAA) production and antagonistic ability. (2) Select the best isolates for the in vivo plant growth promotion test in the BGP 308 accession, with different phosphate sources treatments and no add of nitrogen in the soil. As for the in vitro tests, the BNF was tested in a nitrogen-free semi-solid culture medium, the FS was tested in nutrient agar medium supplemented with insoluble phosphate and the IAA was tested in the medium 10% Tryptin + L-tryptophan. In the antagonism test, Bipolaris sp. spores were streaked onto Potato Dextrose Agar agar medium and the bacterial isolate was inoculated onto the stria. In the molecular identification the 16S gene was used and the sequences were compared in the Classifier software. Eight isolates with potential for BNF, FS and IAA were in vivo evaluated in BGP 308. The soil was prepared with three sources of phosphate plus phosphate control without phosphate. The plants had the morphological descriptors measured and the dry matter was submitted to the near infrared spectrometer (NIRS) for chemical determination of each treatment. Analysis of variance, t-Test and Principal Component Analysis were generated in the Statistical Analysis System software. Two hundred and thirteen bacterial isolates (97 BGP 26 and 118 BGP 308) were purified. The total of 54 isolates presented potential for BFN, FS and IAA. These isolates were submitted to molecular identification and the antagonism test. Seven bacterial genera were found: Bacillus, Enterobacter, Microbacterium, Micrococcus, Pantoea, Pseudomonas and Rhizobium. The isolates 50 (Pseudomonas spp.) and 53 (Bacillus spp.) presented antagonistic activity against Bipolaris sp.. In the in vivo test the results showed BPPG, the most promising isolates were 103 (Enterobacter spp.), 110 (Enterobacter spp.) and 458 (Pseudomonas spp.). With this work, it was possible to know the bacterial community for the two accessions in question and to obtain new isolates with potential for Plant growth-promoting.
$L^2$ estimates for the operators $ \bar\partial $ and $ \bar\partial_b $
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-08-02)
Coacalle, Joel Rogelio Portada
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Raich, Andrew Seth
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Hoepfner, Gustavo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7742503790793940
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4153627834860786
The purpose of this work is to establish sufficient conditions for closed range estimates on $(0,q)$-forms, for some fixed $q$, $1 \leq q \leq n-1$, for $\bar\partial_b$ in both $L^2$ and $L^2$-Sobolev spaces in embedded, not necessarily pseudoconvex CR manifolds of hypersurface type. The condition, named weak $Y(q)$, is both more general than previously established sufficient conditions and easier to check. Applications of our estimates include estimates for the Szeg\"o projection as well as an argument that the harmonic forms have the same regularity as the complex Green operator. We use a microlocal argument and carefully construct a norm that is well-suited for a microlocal decomposition of form. We do not require that the CR manifold is the boundary of a domain. Finally, we provide an example that demonstrates that weak $Y(q)$ is an easier condition to verify than earlier, less general conditions.
Creche: proposta de curso presencial e a distância para atuar com alunos com Transtorno do Espectro Autista
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-08-05)
Garcia, Rafael Vilas Boas
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Denari, Fátima Elisabeth
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5575213011914394
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8516732611799388
Brazilian laws throughout educational history present the inclusion of people with disabilities as a challenge to be overcome in quality education for all. However, there are notes in the literature indicating that teacher education and conditions in school practices are not suitable for it, especially in day care centers. Thus, this research aimed to elaborate, develop and evaluate the results of a training course for daycare teachers for practices for students with Autistic Spectrum Disorder in the presential and distance modalities. It is hypothesized that an individualized didactic model that incorporates fundamental aspects for teacher education for inclusive education is possible to replicate in differentiated and effective educational models for use by/for teachers. To this, a qualitative research was conducted, applied nature and with exploratory objectives in person and, then, in a distance education model. Nine teachers from a day care center in a city in the interior of the state of São Paulo participated in these training sessions, in person and 25 teachers from another city in a distance education model. For teaching, in both formations, the Personalized Instruction System (PSI) was used as a didactic model, organized and adapted according to the educational model of education, and a selection of contents based on the social view of disabilities. MOODLE was used for distance education, using the same resources used in classroom training, however, adapted according to the nature of the educational model. The results indicated that the didactic model PSI proved to be effective for the training of daycare teachers from both perspectives of the educational models (presential and distance education). The use of this model, as well as respecting the quality steps for distance education pointed out in the literature represented a dropout number of only 7% in the distance education model evasion. Literature data point to a number ranging from 40% to 60%. Finally, it is concluded that the elaboration of a course based on the knowledge of teachers' demand, the use of multimedia resources, the division of contents into small stages and progressive evaluations of the student-teacher repertoire represents an important resource for teacher training for inclusion of children with ASD, both in person face-to-face and in the distance education model.
Investigação das propriedades ópticas e fotocatalíticas de materiais a base de fosfato de prata
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-08-05)
Pereira, Wyllamanney da Silva
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Longo, Elson
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9848311210578810
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8206011538570093
The semiconductor-based photocatalytic degradation of synthetic dyes has been considered a promising approach in wastewater treatment. The main objective in this doctoral thesis was the investigation on structural, morphological, optical and photocatalytic of silver phosphate-based materials. Thus, silver phosphate (Ag3PO4), Ag3-2xCuxPO4 (x = 0.00, 0.01, 0.02, 0.04 and 0.08) solid solutions and silver pyrophosphate (Ag4P2O7) were synthesized by the chemical coprecipitation method (CP) at room temperature. Ag4P2O7 was also prepared by decomposing the silver (I) diamine complex by both CP at 90 °C and hydrothermal methods, conventional (CH) and microwave (MH), at 100, 120 e 140 °C. In addition, silver bromide and silver phosphate composites (AgBr/Ag4P2O7) with different Br/P molar ratios were prepared by using the in situ anion-exchange method at room temperature. For Ag3-2xCuxPO4 (x = 0.00, 0.01, 0.02, 0.04 and 0.08) solid solutions, the results showed that the body centered cubic phase was successfully obtained. The increase in the concentration of Cu2+ ions was able to reduce the average particle size as well as decrease the photocatalytic activity of the pyrophosphates in the degradation of rhodamine B under visible light irradiation. Ag4P2O7 with hexagonal phase, synthesized by the CP, was active in the degradation of RhB and 6G rhodamine by presenting velocity constants of 0.057 and 0.184 min-1, respectively. In relation to the decomposition of silver (I) diamine complex, the synthesis conditions employed in CP, CH and MH methods (from 100 to 120 ° C) influenced the morphological aspects of Ag4P2O7 microparticles; however, the photoluminescence emissions of these materials were similar. Finally, the increase of Br/P molar ratio in AgBr/Ag4P2O7 composites affected in the degradation of RhB. A more detailed study on the structural, morphological and photocatalytic stability was performed for the composite with the highest Br/P molar ratio.
Amorfização e cristalização da liga fe68cr8mo4nb4b16: caracterização através de técnicas avançadas de microscopia eletrônica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-08-05)
Coimbrão, Diego Davi
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Zepon, Guilherme
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7924187202036614
;
Botta Filho, Walter José
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8956458007749112
Stainless steels of the different classes can have their composition modified through the addition of boron, aiming to obtain both amorphous phases and the controlled formation of borides. The formation of amorphous phase and the controlled formation of borides have the objective to optimize surface properties, specifically, the corrosion resistance and the wear resistance. Depending on the system, the composition and the processing route, borides can be formed in different stages, such as, during solidification by precipitation from solid crystalline phases or during the crystallization of an amorphous matrix. In each case, borides with different crystalline structures and different compositions can be formed. This present project had the objective to produce, via different processing routes, a new Fe-based alloy with composition, Fe68Cr8Mo4Nb4B16, and to characterize the phases formed through the techniques of x-ray diffraction, electron diffraction, EDS, EELS and ASTAR. The alloy with microstructure near the equilibrium was produced by arc melting, and from this master alloy, amorphous alloys were produced by rapid solidification by the melt-spinning technique. Detailed microstructural characterization was performed in all conditions of processing; in the crystalline alloy produced by arc melting, in the amorphous alloys produced by melt-spinning and in the partially and fully crystallized alloys produces by controlled heat treatments of the amorphous ribbons. For the alloys crystallized from the amorphous phase, the results indicated the formation of phases, different from the equilibrium, and also different sequences of formation. Specifically, the amorphous alloys crystallize in the following sequence: [am + Chi-phase + M23B6] → [am + Chi-phase + M23B6 + Fe-alpha] → [Fe-alpha + MB + M2B tetragonal + M2B orthorobic + M3B2 + MB2 + M23B6]. Finally, the Fe68Cr8Mo4Nb4B16 alloys processed by the different routes were characterized electrochemically in acidic and alkaline media, indicating outstanding high corrosion resistance of the new glassy alloy, justified by the amorphous nature and the presence of corrosion resistant alloying elements such as chromium and molybdenum.
A agroecologia e seus espaços de produção acadêmica na UFSCar
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-08-06)
Almeida, Adriane Herrmann Corrêa de
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Martins, Rodrigo Constante
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6617183095074852
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4348336905295469
Research in agroecology has grown in the last decades, there has been an increase in the number of undergraduate, technical and postgraduate courses in universities, as well as the creation of research lines in agricultural development centers. The search for alternatives that may respond to the socio-environmental crisis in which we live in is latent. In this sense, the present research aims to describe and analyze the role of scientific research in agroecology at the Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar). To accomplish this goal, we will present an extensive documental research on the scientific production about agroecology in the mentioned university, interpreting it and showing points of consonances and dissonances. Our method is based on descriptive statistics and semi-structured interviews with prominent researchers. Our main sources of data are the Directory of Research Groups in Brazil and Lattes Platform, both maintained by National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq). The temporal delimitation of the research covers the period from 1992 to 2018. Among the results and conclusions of the study is the identification that, although research in agroecology is still emerging in UFSCar, it has a strong character of university extension, with networks of researchers establishing themselves beyond the traditional boundaries of academic production.
Superfícies mínimas e a teoria min-max de Almgren--Pitts
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-08-07)
Viveiros, Anderson Felipe
;
Marques, Fernando Codá dos Santos Cavalcanti
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4688693754938462
;
Barreto, Alexandre Paiva
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3369766702725474
First, we introduce the basic concept of minimal surfaces and develop some results in the general theory of minimal surfaces. In the second part, we are interested in the Simon-Smith Min-Max approach to prove the existence of minimal surfaces in compact tridimensional riemannian manifolds (COLDING; DE LELLIS, 2003). This is done using the concept of varifolds, object studied in Geometric Measure Theory. In the third part, we consider min-max minimal surfaces in tridimensional manifolds and we prove some rigidity results under the hypothesis of positive scalar and Ricci curvatures (MARQUES; NEVES, 2012). An important tool here is the so called Ricci flow.
Uma proposta de formação colaborativa sobre o ensino de ciências: a importância da reflexão para o desenvolvimento profissional docente
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-08-07)
Gomes, Bruna Cristina Carvalho
;
Zanon, Dulcimeire Aparecida Volante
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1811225448261362
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9789261043573293
The current sociocultural reality requires that people possess knowledge about various subjects, that they are able to analyze causes and effects and they can position themselves in the face of social debates. On the other hand, Brazilian education presents several types of problems, including the shortcomings of teacher education and the constant challenge of learning, with oneself and with others. The training of citizens with values and the knowledge necessary for critical participation can be promoted through the relations between Science, Technology and Society (STS) in science teaching, from the early years of elementary school and it becomes a great ally to children's literacy and development of children. To achieve this aim, teachers must understand their theoretical and methodological assumptions for the development of thematic activities with their students. Due to the relevance of teacher training, a partnership was established between the researcher and an experienced first year teacher of Elementary School with the objective of analyzing the results of a collaborative training proposal, based on the reflection about science teaching in the STS perspective for professional teacher development. Thus, this research was based on the following question: What are the contributions of a proposal of collaborative training based on reflection on the teaching of science in the STS perspective for professional teacher development? For the constitution of the collaborative work, eight meetings were held with discussion of theoretical references on reflective teacher and STS teaching approach, as well as for the planning and development of a teaching situation, from this perspective, about planetary system. The following instruments were used to compile data: transcription of the videos of the meetings, written records of the questionnaires (initial and final), records of the professional trajectories and the diaries of the researcher and the teacher. By characterizing it as a qualitative research, we opted for the discursive textual analysis, in which the texts were: separated by their meanings, categorized, analyzed and interpreted. Thus, three categories of analysis were identified. The first one covers all the situations in which there was the reflection on the practice itself in the teaching of Sciences. The second one refers to the discussions related to the theoretical reference about reflexive teacher and the teaching of sciences emphasizing STS, that is, reflection on the relation theory and practice. The third covers a discussion concerning reflection on the teaching profession. In summary, we consider that the collaborating teacher had the opportunity to analyze and reflect on the practice itself as well as the conditions of the teaching system to which it belongs, identifying factors that affect its methodological choices. Among the contributions of the formative proposal, we highlight the recognition of the learning process of teaching as a “continuum” throughout the career; the importance of interaction with peers to favor the attribution of meaning to new experiences, as well as previous experiences. We also emphasize the promotion of reflections in a systematic, rigorous and disciplined way that requires the valorization of attitudes of both parties and favors professional teacher development.
Adesão à terapia antirretroviral, autoeficácia e qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde em pessoas vivendo com HIV/AIDS
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-08-08)
Bomfim, Isabella Gerin de Oliveira
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Santos, Sigrid de Sousa dos
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0475600621927610
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Napoleão, Anamaria Alves
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8539664594837249
Introduction: AIDS remains a major public health issue. There was control of new cases of HIV infection in the second half of the 1990s and a new increase with peak in 2010. This increase is probably due to the risk behavior in the population, the existence of undiagnosed individuals and a low adherence to antiretroviral therapy . The management of antiretroviral therapy aims to offer recommendations for preventing transmission, treating infection and improving quality of life. It is a dynamic, complex, multifactorial process that is comprehensive and difficult to measure, and there are several ways described and validated to measure adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART), with different applications. Objective: To assess adherence and risk factors associated with adherence to antiretroviral treatment in people living with HIV / AIDS. Methods: Descriptive cross-sectional study. Adult individuals diagnosed with HIV / AIDS using antiretroviral therapy for at least three months in SAE of São Carlos city were included. RESULTS: A total of 220 patients were evaluated, of which 58% were men, with a mean age of 43 years, 41% with a primary education, 26% men who have sex with men - MSM, 55% in the AIDS stage, 91% with more than one year of follow-up. Adherence to antiretrovirals in the sample studied was 62%. The factors associated with adherence in the univariate analysis were living alone, to be a man who has sex with men, not having an active sex life, do not smoke, having a CD4 count greater than 350 cels / mm3, having an undetectable HIV1 plasma load, having no history of treatment interruption and having a score greater than 101 on the Self-efficacy Expectation Scale. Factors associated with adherence in the multivariate regression analysis were do not smoke, having no active sex life, and undetectable last viral load test. Conclusion: The results may contribute to the identification of groups at higher risk of nonadherence to ART and emphasize the need for investment in measures that promote greater adherence to treatment.
Metabolomics-based studies assessing exercise induced alterations of the human metabolome: a systematic review
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-08-09)
Sakaguchi, Camila Akemi
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Nieman, David Christopher
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Signini, Étore De Favari
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Abreu, Raphael Martins de
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Catai, Aparecida Maria
Influence of surface treatments on corrosion resistance properties of ultrafine grained titanium alloys for biomedical applications
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-08-09)
Pérez, Diego
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Moreira, Alberto
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6360362248108490
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Botta Filho, Walter José
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8956458007749112
Titanium and its alloys are used as biomaterials because their excellent combination of high corrosion resistance, low modulus of elasticity and biocompatibility. However, titanium and its alloys cannot meet all the clinical requirements. In this sense, in order to improve the electrochemical and bioactive properties, this thesis aims to evaluate the effect of the severe plastic deformation as well as the surface modification treatments on the corrosion resistance and bioactivity of titanium alloys (α' + β) and (β). The titanium alloys, Ti13Nb13Zr (α' + β) and Ti35Nb7Zr5Ta (β), were deformed by the high-pressure torsion (HPT) method. Afterward, surface modification treatments, such as the anodization and chemical treatments, were carried out both in samples non-deformed and deformed by HPT. Finally, corrosion and bioactivity tests were performed in simulated body fluid (SBF). The tests were performed on samples with treated surfaces compared with non-treated surfaces in the deformed and undeformed conditions. The samples’ microstructures were analyzed by confocal laser microscopy (CLM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Hardness tests were also performed after the HPT process. On the other hand, surface modification treatments, and the formation of apatite in bioactivity assays were evaluated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), with chemical analyzes carried out by dispersive energy spectroscopy (EDS) and phase identification by X-ray diffraction (XRD). In general, the corrosion resistance of the titanium alloys improved with the anodization treatment. Apatite deposits were observed on Ti13Nb13Zr alloy samples, in the conditions non-deformed and deformed by HPT. The Ti35Nb7Zr5Ta appears to have a lower apatite-formation ability compared to Ti13Nb13Zr.