Browsing by Issue Date, starting with "2019-12-15"

Filter results by year or month

Now showing 1 - 20 of 11428

Identificação da vitimização por stalking no Brasil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-12-15)
Abreu, Vanessa Akemi Odahara
;
D'Affonseca, Sabrina Mazo
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0381029115416584
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6714987301250694
Stalking can be described as a form of interpersonal violence characterized by behaviors of persistent harassment with repetitive, intrusive and intimidating patterns directed toward a victim who feels troubled and intimidated by such conduct. The phenomenon, although approached by the media and newsreels, is still not criminalized in Brazil. In countries where it is criminalized, fear is often used as criteria to delimitate the division between criminality and the legal and social legitimacy of stalking. The main goal of this project was to replicate, in Brazilian territory, the research “Vitimação por stalking: Preditores do medo” (2012), which was carried out by Matos, Grangeia, Ferreira and Azevedo in Portugal. Seventy-eight men and 203 women aged 18 to 60 years participated in the survey, who responded to an online form that contained an adapted version of the Vitimação por stalking: Preditores do medo. Of the 281 participants, 115 (40.6%) reported stalking at some point in their lives. The results pointed to a greater victimization of women, as in the stalking literature, with men constituting the majority of the offenders of the phenomenon. It was also noted that women perceived victimization as more frightening than men, and felt more psychologically affected by the experience. On the other hand, they sought more help than men to solve the situation and, comparatively, felt more helped by others. The gender variable influenced most of the research findings, and points to a considerable difference in the perception of society and the victims themselves regarding victimization. This perception is based on historical and cultural elements of the construction of patriarchy, which instigate gender violence that is related to the main characteristics of stalking. Therefore, attention is paid to the need for future studies in the area in order to better understand the phenomenon and its various facets.
Empoderamento de meninas para defesa dos direitos e equidade de gênero: intervenção em grupo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-12-15)
Augusti, Vitória da Silva
;
D'Affonseca, Sabrina Mazo
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0381029115416584
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9908324999438894
Empowerment is a change in the experience of power achieved by an individual in their interaction with the social world, the present study will perform a group intervention with girls aiming at empowerment in their diverse values. The participants were eleven girls in the first group and six girls in the second group, aged between 10 and 12 years old. To evaluate the effectiveness of the intervention the response measures of the instruments applied before and after the intervention will be compared, also the girls' speeches during the encounters will be analised. Thus, it aims to evaluate the effects of an intervention aimed at empowering, raising awareness and increasing repertories of sources in question. In conclusion, the results sugest that the intervention was effective to provide information about children’s and teenagers rights, sexual and reproductive right’s of girl’s, also, promoting the debate about gender.
Equilíbrio trabalho-família no modelo home-office
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-12-15)
Almeida, Nathalia dos Santos Batista
;
D'Affonseca, Sabrina Mazo
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0381029115416584
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5014888258829639
The entrance of woman in the working Market from the 1960s forged discussions about the balance between work and family. The hegemonic family structure of this time had at its core a heterosexual couple, in which the man occupied the role of provider and the woman caregiver .Almost 70 years later, this family structure is still the most common in Brazil, however, these roles are more diffuse. The sphere of work has also changed. New models emerged and began to affect intrafamily relationships. Home-office work is an example of new work models, which emerged approximately in the 1970s and are tending to increase. Few Brazilian studies have investigated the impacts of this model on family balance, so this study aims to investigate whether there is a difference in the workplace and the division of household and family tasks, perception of emotional support, job satisfaction, quality of life and self esteem. The study included 27 women and 7 men working in a centralized environment and 28 women and 6 men who worked from home, aged between 18 and 56 years. Participants were recruited from social medias and answered an online questionnaire consisting of characterization questions, Critério Brasil, Quality of Life Scale, Self-Esteem Scale, Work Satisfaction Scale and Task Division Scale. Data were statistically analyzed from measures of central tendency and dispersion and correlation data between variables. The results indicated that there were no statistically significant differences between centralized local workers and those who use from their homes in relation to the analyzed variation; a workday and task-related quality of life for the centralized workgroup rather than the home-office group. It was concluded that the balance factors between work and family are the same for both work models.
Intergeracionalidade das práticas de disciplina parentais: fatores que mantêm e fatores que quebram esse ciclo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-12-15)
Sarmento, Raquel Salvadori
;
D'Affonseca, Sabrina Mazo
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0381029115416584
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7475447026450652
Disciplinary behaviors and the way to educate children tend to be passed on from generation to generation, in which individuals reproduce with their children the behaviors that their parents emitted in their education. The present study aimed to verify the variables related to the intergenerational nature of parental discipline practices. To achieve this goal, the study was divided into two moments: an online survey data collection and the realization of a focus group. The survey was attended by 35 parents (29 mothers and 6 fathers) of children aged 3-6 years (20 girls and 15 boys), recruited from two early childhood schools and social networks. The participants answered an online form in which there were questions related to the characterization of the participants, about the discipline practices received in the childhood of the participants and those they applied in their children's education (Discipline Dimension Inventory - Retrospective Version and Parents Version, respectively), and a questionnaire prepared by the author based on the literature in the area to identify variables related to the maintenance / disruption of intergenerationality. The results indicated a statistically significant correlation between some disciplinary practices used by the participant's mother and father and the practices used by them in their children's education. The majority (77.1%) of the participants answered that they never, almost never or sometimes repeated with their children the parenting practices that their parents used in their childhood. Participants who responded that they do not maintain the intergenerational cycle attributed this break mainly to access to information (69.2%) and negative assessment of parenting (30.8%). The participants who replied that they maintained the intergenerational cycle attributed this mainly to the positive evaluation of the parents' parenting (75%), followed by the influence of the partner and the same socioeconomic level (both with 37.5%). The focus group participants were recruited from an invitation made available at the end of the form used in the survey.Of the 35 participants, 9 responded to the invitation and two mothers participated in the focus group, which took place in a meeting lasting approximately one hour. In the focus group, trigger videos were presented to encourage discussion on the topic and, at the end, some data from the literature were taken. Both participants had 2 children and reported having difficulties with the discipline of their first child, seeking professional help from psychologists to access positive parenting discipline information. In addition to professional help, both considered that the support of the partner and the negative evaluation of the practices used by their parents during their childhood contributed to the disruption of the intergenerational cycle of parenting practices. Thus, it is possible to verify a congruence between the quantitative data obtained from the instruments and qualitative data from the focus group, indicating that the disruption of intergenerationality occurs due to access to information, assistance from the partner and negative evaluation of the discipline practices used by parents. The study proved to be limited due to the reduced number of participants and sociodemographic characteristics (high schooling and income). Future studies with a larger number of participants and with more diversity in relation to socioeconomic level and education, in order to bring about a greater generalization and understanding regarding the variables that contribute to the maintenance / disruption of intergenerationality.
Uma investigação do abuso emocional em uma perspectiva contextualista funcional: definição, estabelecimento e consequências
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-12-15)
Dionísio, Maria Beatriz Reis
;
Almeida, João Henrique de
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5650691726216420
;
D'Affonseca, Sabrina Mazo
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0381029115416584
In the process of learning about emotions, the operant behavior called Arbitrarily Applied Relational Reply (RRAA), presented by the Theory of Relational Frames, is responsible for, through numerous relationships, such as the opposition, teaching us abstract relationships like that of that joy is the opposite of sadness. Although studies indicate the existence of basic emotions inherent to human beings (joy, sadness, anger, fear and disgust), and which have a large role in the regulation of organisms, culture has the function of attributing meanings or forms of control. The way in which a child, for example, will learn to control his emotions is linked to the socialization practices adopted by his caregivers. They can both contribute to the proper management of private events, as well as reinforce a distinction of superiority between emotions, which is better than another. The control strategies usually transmitted produce an individual's lack of knowledge about themselves when they encourage non-contact with certain emotions. In addition, it also generates the so-called Experiential Dodge, a way of avoiding unwanted emotions, thoughts and sensations. Violence, more specifically emotional abuse, also has a close relationship with experiential avoidance, being constantly portrayed in the literature as a driver of this type of avoidance, just as the control of emotions is. In view of these common points, the present study raised the question about the way in which we learn to control our emotions and attribute to them a valence that alters our relationship with them, being analogous to an emotional abuse. To this end, this research aimed to conduct a systematic review of the literature in order to identify the relationship between emotional control and emotional abuse.The CAPES, Scielo, LILACS, PePSIC, Web of Science databases were consulted with the keywords "emotional control" and "emotional abuse" or "psychological abuse" and their correlates in English. In total, 247 articles were found. After inserting the inclusion and exclusion criteria, the final sample totaled 8 articles. The main results showed that the articles presented, predominantly, a consequence relationship between emotional control and emotional abuse, with the first being presented as an adverse effect of the second. And they pointed out that half of the selected studies put emotional control as likely to be adequate or not, while the other four mentioned it as a negative practice. It was found, therefore, that the relationship between control and emotional abuse was mostly consequential, that there are different terms to designate the theme and, finally, it was discussed about the suppression of emotions, specifically negative, and how this control occurred along the way. story. The present study suggests that these socially employed emotions control practices are a violence towards others and oneself, as they considerably affect the emotional development of individuals and their ways of relating and expressing themselves with others.
Formação de professores para prevenção do abuso sexual infantil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-12-15)
Ferreira, Michelle Fernanda
;
D'Affonseca, Sabrina Mazo
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0381029115416584
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3503565624585003
Child sexual abuse is characterized as one of the most cruel forms of child abuse, since the victim's practice carries with it profound marks that directly affect child development. Thinking about this complexity, it became necessary to reflect on how teachers in Brazil have been trained to deal with sexual abuse and contribute to its prevention. The objective of this research was to analyze and understand what were the tools/skills and resources used by them in the prevention of child sexual abuse. As a result, the study points out that there were several tools avaiable that contributed to coping with sexual violence, such as psychoeducation, modeling techniques, social skills training, sexuality education, as well as storytelling. With regard to teacher training, the results showed that the theme was present in continuing teacher training, however, there is a lack of discussions in initial training. Studies carried out by Garbin et al. (2010) and Martelli (2013), showed an absence of discussions within the University, since there are no disciplines in the curricula of undergraduate courses that specifically deal with sexual violence, this explains the lack of academic work in the educational field and consequently the professionals' unpreparedness in dealing with abuse cases.
Modelos de mistura para avaliação de produtos e serviços
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-12-16)
Polli, Démerson André
;
Diniz, Carlos Alberto Ribeiro
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3277371897783194
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2232458627101944
The product (or services) evaluation is a necessity in many steps of the development and release of such producs (services). The product evolution and the market share definition are two steps that evolves some kind of evaluation. Although, the evaluation occur by assigning grades not related with the perception of the product (service) quality –assigning values at random. This work presents 4 new models, 2 of them based on the CUB (Combined Uniform and shifted Binomial) model, for evaluation of items where there are two or more levels of preference by the evaluators and may have evaluators assigning grades at random.
O jogo e o conceito de número na educação infantil segundo os pressupostos da teoria histórico-cultural
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-12-16)
Nogueira, Amanda de Luca Menezes
;
Tedeschi, Wania
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5743322664981581
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9089088008039895
The methods used to teach and learn mathematics is still a challenge for teachers, specially in early years education. Based on that, this research aims to identify and analyze manners how students in nursery schools might assimilate conceptual links through bowling under pedagogical guiding. This study was carried out in a public school for early years education located in São Carlos county, in São Paulo countryside state. In total, 37 kids registered to that school into the grade 6 for children taken part from that experience. In order to understand the forms of conceptual assimilation of mathematics for the children, a qualitative approach was adopted. The analyzes were based on the assumptions of Historical-Cultural Psychology and Leontiev's Activity Theory with emphasis on playing with the child's main activity and responsible for the main changes in his development. Playing games to teach math has been understood as an activity in which human beings reconstructs social relations and form higher psychic functions by appropriating the social experience of humanity. Thus development is considered eminently historical and determined by mediated sociocultural relations. Taking as an activity of analysis the bowling game, the experiment had as its guiding question to understand what is the possibility of children of kindergarten to emerge conceptual links (internal and external) that are presented in the mathematical concept of number during a guiding teaching activity?
Relação entre urbanização e integridade biótica de florestas nativas.
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-12-16)
Giacon, Vanessa Peixoto
;
Valente, Roberta Averna de Oliveira
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1582627535733911
;
Leite, Eliana Cardoso
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2186623269243747
Facing the unbridled anthropic actions, the fragmentation and disturbance of urban forest fragments have been causing, on a global scale, the decline of species populations, genetic losses, extinction processes, reduction of ecosystem services and contributing to climate change. It is necessary to evaluate how much urban forests are impacted by the urbanization process, and under what conditions they can or cannot, to continue over time. Therefore, the objective of this research was to analyze if there is a relation between the environmental quality of urban forest fragments and the presence of urbanized areas in the surroundings. The diagnosis of environmental quality was performed in seven native forest fragments, in Southeastern Brazil, through the application of a Biotic Integrity Index (IIB) on the spot. Considering the complexity of the landscape, the analyses were structured combining the land use and cover survey, landscape indices (AREA, PARA-Ratio, SHAPE, ENN and NEAR) and the biotic integrity index (IIB) of the analyzed fragments. For this, two analysis scales were adopted: (1) landscape scale and (2) fragment scale (or local scale). In the landscape scale, the data showed that there was a relationship with the size of the urban forest fragment and its biotic integrity, as well as the inversely proportional relationship between integrity and perimeter/area, that is, the smaller the perimeter the larger the IIB, showed. There is also shown the lack of relationship between fragment shape and distance from the nearest neighbor with biotic integrity, as well as the proximity of the urbanized area with the IIB. In the fragment scale, the hypothesis of this study was corroborated, demonstrating that there is a relationship between the quality of urban forest fragments and the urbanized area, validating that the distance from the urbanized area influenced the increase of epiphytes, diameter and height of the trees, as well as late species in the canopy, which indicate good biotic integrity. In contrast, the fragments near the urban area and the edge obtained an increase in the presence of clearings, lianas, grasses, dead trees and exotic species, variables that are bad indications for biotic integrity, impairing the preservation of local biodiversity and maintenance of ecosystem services. Finally, it is strategically recommended the management remnants of urban forest, promoting the improvement of their environmental quality, seeking to mitigate the effects of urbanization, and thus preserve their capacity to remain in the landscape.
Associação entre marcadores inflamatórios e obesidade sarcopênica em idosos em contexto de vulnerabilidade social
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-12-16)
Ribeiro, Julio Cesar
;
Zazzetta, Marisa Silvana
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2350656835896699
;
Cominetti, Márcia Regina
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3725318894555272
The aging of the world population is the result of environmental factors and technical and scientific advances, which have provided greater longevity. Among the changes resulting from the aging process, changes in body composition are frequently observed. Throughout the aging process, there is a marked progressive loss of muscle mass and strength, called sarcopenia and dynapenia, respectively. We can also mention the physiological changes and body composition that occur during aging, which affect the muscular system, we can include the increase of noncontractile tissue (fat and connective tissue) in the muscle. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to verify whether there are differences in relation to anthropometric, metabolic and inflammatory factors between elderly people with obesity and sarcopenia, alone or together, compared with elderly people who do not have these conditions. A total of 852 older adults registered in the health system database of the Family Health Unit (USF) located in a place of high social vulnerability in the city of São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil, called “Cidade Aracy”, were registered in a databank. Of these, 342 participants were allocated and divided into four groups, namely: obese, sarcopenic, obese sarcopenic and eutrophic (non-obese) and nonsarcopenic participants. The results indicated several differences in relation to the variables studied between all groups. In highlight, we observed that individuals with sarcopenic obesity were predominantly women, with lower levels of physical activity, higher glycemic levels, glycated hemoglobin, insulin, VLDL cholesterol, triglycerides and growth hormone (GH). These participants also had lower levels of vitamin D and higher levels of the pro-inflammatory cytokine TNF a, compared to the other study groups. The results of this study may help to better characterize the condition of sarcopenic obesity and propose preventive actions for this condition in the older adults who live in conditions of high social vulnerability.
Estudo dinâmico de fluidos magneto-reológicos de baixo custo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-12-16)
Kuramoto, Pedro Paulo
;
Shiki, Sidney Bruce
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0573973677787523
Magnetorheological (MR) fluids are materials composed of magnetizable particles suspended in a non-magnetizable “carrier” fluid. These materials have the ability to change their rheological properties in the presence of a magnetic field. Due to this characteristic, these fluids have been studied for engineering applications. To carry out this work, an MR fluid was synthesized in a simple way with low-cost materials, to be used in the tests, in order to verify the influence of the magnetic field on the damping effect of this synthesized fluid. For this purpose, tests were carried out without and with the magnetic field, the application of the magnetic field was generated by permanent neodymium magnets. As a result, it was obtained that the MR fluid composed of oil and toner has the ability to change the damping coefficient in the presence of a magnetic field. From this it was concluded that an MR fluid made from oil and toner could have applications in engineering in the future, thus enabling the reduction of the cost of equipment that uses this fluid.
Hôxwa e palhaças - o riso e o humor nas relações de alteridade Krahô
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-12-16)
Silva, Maurício Caetano da
;
Cohn, Clarice
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1714080901123094
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4951053190531284
This dissertation is an ethnography about the manifestation of humor among the Krahô (TO). Will a presentation few moments of the field research in the Krahô villages Pedra Branca and Manuel Alves, where the laugh is present and revel moments of the alterity in and out of the ritual Yetÿopi, the Potato Festival. The figure of the hôxwa take the central place in this ethnography because they are the prerogative that organize the ritual, they dance around the campfire, they make a comic dance and arouse interest of the comics artists non-indigenous (clowns). Recognizing the humor like a technique of sharing of the knowledge and of maintenance of the alterity to the Krahô, here will show the Yetÿopi ritual in the Manuel Alves, in 2018, with the presence of clowns of the Povo Parrir’s caravan and the hôxwa in comics presentations in the SESC-SP.
Trabalho e gênero: trabalhadores e trabalhadoras embarcados na pesca turística no pantanal mato-grossense
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-12-16)
Dutton, Aline Pereira
;
Lima, Carlos Jacob
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9244132532446607
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3479057146158628
This research is part of the discussion about labour relationships and gender. We intend to study the male and female workers’ perception of the sexual division in the offshore work in fish tourism in Pantanal, Mato Grosso, to analyze how the working relationships on board operate power relationships and hierarchize the social relationships that go beyond the workspace. Our research problem is how do men and women act and justify the sexual division of labor in a space where that division gets mixed up?The research universe comprises men and women who work in different occupations at the boats - hotels, that operate in the fishing tourism sector at the Pantanal(swamp) region of Cáceres - MT. These workers are confined for five to seven days, during the fishing season, commonly between March and October. The research has its originality because it is consolidated in the largest area of the Pantanal Mato-Grossense and focuses, above all, on the sexual division of the work embarked on river hotel companies. Observations have been conducted in the workplace (city harbour and boats) and semistructured interviews and a socioeconomic questionnaire have been held. Empirical data has shown that offshore work is mostly made up of men, aged between 30 and 49 years old, who have worked in this sector for an average of 10 years. Among the vessels operating in the sector, only three boats have female workers in jobs which have been historically and socially been considered women’s jobs. The main reasons that contribute to the non-insertion and / or permanence of women in the context of offshore work are the following: the boat’s infrastructure; confinement associated with homelessness; affective relationships and gender division of labour. We have noticed that offshore work is permeated by ambiguities and contradictions that reinforce the social arrangements and bonds imbricated by violence not visible in the perception of male and female workers, naturalized by the habitus. Hierarchical and power relationships emerge from the organizational and operational configuration of work, the job functions performed, as well as the established social relationships. The workers perception reiterates the embodied naturalization of femininity and masculinity in private and public spheres, reproducing forms of symbolic domination between genders.
Influência do albedo de pavimentos no campo térmico de cânions urbanos: estudo de modelo em escala reduzida
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-12-16)
Kowalski, Luiz Fernando
;
Kakuda, Francis Massashi
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1124676492797832
;
Masiero, Érico
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2691827106518167
The urban climate is directly influenced by the growth of the cities. By means of infrastructure expansion, the road network becomes a constituent part of this scenario and proportionally responsible for the interferences in local microclimate. This way, urban layout and morphology should promote ventilation, shading and temperature control of the built environment in order to reduce climatic effects, such as the urban heat islands. Thus, this research seeks to analyze the effect of pavement albedo on temperature reduction of urban canyons, through a reduced scale model. The method consists of monitoring thermal variables in a physical model. This model was constructed with four different colours of pavement 8 cm thick, 120 cm wide and 500 cm long, separated laterally by 40 cm and 80 cm high barriers, in two urban configurations. The material taken as reference will be the flexible dark asphalt pavement, in relation to the interlocking semi-permeable concrete floor, in the gray, red and graphite colours. The choice of asphalt material as the reference is justified by its wide use in built urban space of Brazil, which provides a better characterization of the real environment. In the instrumentation step, anemometers and hygrometers were installed to evaluate the air movement and the relative humidity of the period; and thermocouples to collect surface temperature, air temperature, and radiant temperature data at different levels and morphologies. Through the results analysis, it is seen that the orientation of the canyon, the increase of the aspect ratio, albedo differences and the surface moisture content, can cause temperature variations in the built environment. Finally, the albedo of urban pavements can contribute to the mitigation of urban heat islands.
O território quilombola é dela. Sobre Nossa Senhora, santos e quilombolas na Vila – Bairro do Carmo São Roque -SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-12-17)
Abreu, Ana Luísa Nardin Rezende de
;
Vander Velden, Felipe Ferreira
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7289231173735671
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0923833865789276
This dissertation deals with the relations between the residents of Carmo neighborhood with Nossa Senhora do Carmo and other saints. The field research was carried out in the city of São Roque in a territory that is in the process of being officially recognized by INCRA as a quilombola area, more precisely, the village of Carmo. Thus, I seek to investigate what Nossa Senhora do Carmo can as protagonist in the life of the blacks, their history, their kinship and their daily lives.I do this by seeking to highlight the female role in the care of the lives of the residents of Carmo, both on the part of women and the Santa itself. The Santa was stolen in March 2012, the robbery and all it involves is an event that strengthens the hypothesis that something is beyond her own image, as mere artifact or object. Nossa Senhora do Carmo is pointed out by the residents as the one that owns and integrates the quilombola territory, which gives it, as it were, unity and meaning. The idea that leads this research is that the saints, and especially Nossa Senhora do Carmo, are with the blacks of Carmo village, as companions in a relationship described as affection and respect. Therefore, I will highlight contexts in which saints and blacks are friends who share anguish, requests, joys, sadness, parties, work, among many other events.
Conflitos e violência no campo no estado do Pará de 2003 a 2018: uma análise da concentração fundiária brasileira
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-12-17)
Silva, Hallícia Graça Leite
;
Mariano, Neusa de Fátima
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5003743301847104
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6886877414318373
This article aimed to analyze the causes that intensified the occurrences of conflicts and violence in the field for the state of Pará, from 2003 to 2018. Based on the production mode and territorialization of the peasantry, especially of landless rural workers, it was raised reflections regarding the land structure in Brazil. For that It was used the historic of land occupation in Brazil, as a process of land concentration; public policies about agrarian issues for the analyzed period; data collected by governmental organizations and institutions, as well an analysis of the implications of the implementation for the agribusiness as a production model of capitalist agriculture, besides a brief discussion of the increasing criminalization of social movements in the Brazilian field, thus resulting in a material that houses the allegations of violence against peasants in the state of Pará.
Conhecimento dos profissionais de enfermagem sobre as medidas de prevenção de infecção de corrente sanguínea associadas a cateteres venosos periféricos: construção e validação de instrumento
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-12-17)
Pelizari, Aline Eloá Barbosa
;
Souza, Raissa Silva
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3541368604500450
;
Figueiredo, Rosely Moralez de
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2597491235073085
Introduction: Bloodstream infections (BSI) are the second leading cause of healthcare-related infections (HAIs) and are considered to be the infection with the greatest preventive potential. Peripheral venous catheters (PVC) are commonly used in health services, their use increase the risk of bloodstream infection and bacteremia, with high associated morbidity and mortality. Objective: To develop and validate an instrument for assessing the knowledge of nursing professionals and students on the prevention measures for BSI associated with PVC. Method: Quantitative study of methodological development. The instrument was developed based on national and international publications and guides. The validation was by face and content. Ten expert judges with professional experience and / or infection prevention and control validated the instrument for clarity and relevance, using a 4-point Likert scale. Items with a content validity index ≥ 0.8 were considered valid. After this stage of validation by expert judges, a pre-test was carried out with 42 professionals, technical students and nursing students. Results: The instrument was built following the logical order of clinical practice, starting from the broadest to the most specific concept, ensuring clarity, objectivity, simplicity, absence of deviations and relevance. During the construction period this was discussed in a research group which made the instrument more refined for sending to expert judges. All items when assessed individually obtained a content validity index greater than 0.90 in relation to clarity and representativeness, ten items were altered in the wording, two items were unified and one item was removed after content validation according to suggestions of the judges, as to the vocabulary and syntax of placement, in order to make the statements more clear, objective and direct. Four items were rewritten after the pre-test in order to facilitate understanding and not be a confusing factor. The final instrument was composed of 34 dichotomous questions. Conclusion: The instrument developed was validated by the judges and the target population (pre-test), represents a major advance in the area of knowledge and is available for use.
A arte como expressão da criança na abordagem Reggio Emilia de educação da infância
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-12-17)
Costa, Paula Soares da
;
Lombardi, Lucia Maria Salgado dos Santos
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5697508831302188
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4107018375255741
This research investigated how the languages of art are present in a kindergarten in the city of Sorocaba that proposes to work based on Reggio Emilia's approach in early childhood education. We sought to understand how the processes of teaching and learning through spaces are performed and how the arts are worked with children. The research, of a qualitative nature and of bibliographic character with field observation, had the objective of identifying potentialities of the arts in educational practices carried out inspired by Reggio Emilia's approach to Early Childhood Education. To this end, at first, it sought to know how and in what contexts the Early Childhood Schools in the region of Reggio Emilia in Italy arose and what are the characteristics and specificities of its approach, notably with regard to pedagogical work with Arts. As a result, the potential of this approach for the Brazilian context was identified, based on the reality of a school located in Sorocaba, S.P.
A relação entre uso de vídeo games e funções executivas em crianças
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-12-17)
Costa, Oaní da Silva da
;
Nascimento, Monalisa Muniz
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9444899939943716
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5168532426007151
Electronic games are part of our daily lives and it is difficult to find somebody who never had had contact with this tool, especially children. One of the key points to be investigated from this interaction is its relation to human cognition. So, the present study had the goal of checking for differences between groups of players and non-players regarding performance in instruments that access EFs, considering socioeconomic values, gender and age differences as well. Besides that, calculate correlations between the EF tests and gameplay time, socioeconomic level and times of leisure and extra-curricular activities. To do so, 86 children in the age range of 7 to 10 years answered an instrument that access executive functions, the Five Digits Test. Participants also answered the “Questionário de Experiência com Videogames e Outras Atividades” to acess video game practice. After that, two groups were formed, one with higher video game frequency (players) and other with low or no frequency of play (non-players). The caretakers of the participating children were also invited to answer the “Inventário de Dificuldades em Funções Executivas, Regulação e Aversão ao Adiamento para crianças - IFERA-I” that access executive functions and the “Questionário Socioeconômico Critério Brasil”. Analyses of the data revealed that there were no significant differences between players and non-players without considering age, or, video game play wasn’t a relevant variable to explain scores that access executive functions. But by separating the groups by age, the data showed low negative effect of gameplay. The data also showed that there were no differences between playing and not playing relative to sex and socioeconomic scores.
Comunidades zooplanctônicas em um gradiente de vinhaça
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-12-17)
Santos, Guilherme Aparecido Melo dos
;
Perbiche-Neves, Gilmar
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7499230397814853
;
Saito, Victor Satoru
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3312862423985585
Aquatic communities are under severe threat from contaminants when inserted into agricultural matrices. Therefore, this study was carried out in mesocosms, which can be understood as artificial systems that simulate natural ecosystems, with zooplankton communities subjected to different concentration levels of vinasse, a common fertilizer generated from the distillation of sugarcane, to seek to understand how they respond to different concentration levels and how beta diversity metrics describe these responses. The species that composed the 15 different zooplankton communities were identified in the mesocosms before and after vinasse contamination, to verify their effect in relation to species exchange, nestedness, richness and abundance. As a result, it was found that the water had a loss of dissolved oxygen and a decrease in pH with increasing vinasse concentrations. The non-impacted communities had a temporal pattern of nestedness (subsets of the previous communities) and impacted communities changed the relative abundances of the most common species (exchange pattern). A common resistant species (Tropocyclops prasinus) and another that linearly decreased in abundance as vinasse concentrations increased (Notodiaptomus spinuliferus) were also observed, the latter being a potential indicator species of vinasse-contaminated systems. The effects of vinasse on aquatic communities were evident, suggesting caution in the indiscriminate use of the substance as a fertilizer in agricultural crops.