Browsing by Issue Date, starting with "2020-01-31"

Filter results by year or month

Now showing 1 - 20 of 11243

Políticas públicas de desenvolvimento territorial no Brasil (2003-2016): um estudo do território sudoeste paulista (SP)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-01-31)
Antunes Junior, Wolney Felippe
;
Souza-Esquerdo, Vanilde Ferreira de
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9535960068552016
;
Borsatto, Ricardo Serra
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5988987575101933
Between 2003 and 2016, Brazil has experimented with a series of decentralized public policies, some of which have adopted the territorial approach. These include the "Fome Zero" Program, through the Food Security and Local Development Consortia (CONSAD); the National Program for Sustainable Development of Rural Territories (PRONAT); and the Citizenship Territories Program. The Sudoeste Paulista, due to its historicity and its low Human Development Index (HDI), was one of the territories elected by the Federal Government and has passed through the three programs mentioned above. Among advances and challenges, experiences with territorial policies still have a wide field to be debated. In this sense, the objective of this research was to study the public policies of territorial development implemented in Sudoeste Paulista and to analyze the acting capacities of its institutional arrangements. This study took place through the performance of CONSAD Sudoeste Paulista, which was the territorial collegiate in these three territorial policy programs. As methodology were used the semi-structured interviews and documentary analysis. Among the main results, it can be said that: the territorial collegiate did not cover all the diversity of the territory and alternated between periods when the centrality was in the demands of the public power and periods in which civil society was more active; projects and actions were mostly defined under top-down movements and the territory functioned as a locus of government investment; The challenge of promoting innovative, intersectoral and intermunicipal actions can be understood by the technical-administrative and politicalrelational capacities of institutional arrangements and the policy design stipulated by the policies. If, on the one hand, public policies for territorial development presented several contradictions and limitations, on the other hand, it must be recognized that this is a process of experimentation, in which learning and lessons have been accumulated along their trajectory.
Abordagem ergonômica da atividade: a compreensão de determinantes do trabalho dos coletores de resíduos sólidos urbanos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-01-31)
Oliveira, Talita Martins
;
Fontes, Andréa Regina Martins
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4848646681792317
;
Guimarães, Márcia Regina Neves
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9250214706491925
This research used as object of study the work of solid urban waste collectors, in which it requires great effort from this individual to complete his task, which is to handle household waste, in addition to moving around in an environment full of variability. The aim of this study was to analyze the determinants of the garbage collectors' work, showing physical, cognitive and organizational components. A case study was carried out, guided by the perspective of Activity Ergonomics in which data collection took place through systemic and unsystematic observations with the aid of filming, with tests to understand the physiological variables, the physical and mental load involved. during the execution of the task. After the field follow-up, the task description form was carried out, an interview with 50 collectors, 5 managers and 50 residents. The results obtained explained the dynamics involved in the organization of work, the task performed by the collector and real activity, elucidating its intrinsic and extrinsic variability, physical load accompanied by the results obtained through field data and controlled tests as well as the mental workload and operating modes. It is concluded that, in the collector's work routine, it is possible that the physical and mental fatigue is related to the overload arising from the work systems that still need to be modernized, thus allowing operations performed by the collector to enable greater regulation, expanding the margin maneuver. Understanding how the collector turns the prescription of the activity into real work has made it possible to discover that the public cleaning system has been moving slowly for a long time. In this context, it’s up to the worker, who is at the end of the production chain, to be responsible for adjusting to meet the objectives of the job, with some tools, some technology and much of their know-how to transform the task into real work.
Distribuição de recursos florais de plantas melitófilas em uma área em restauração florestal em Holambra, São Paulo, Brasil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-01-31)
Santos, Elisangela Fernandes dos
;
Silva, Cláudia Inês da
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7795764730365395
;
Nocelli, Roberta Cornélio Ferreira
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8934724759636382
Pollination is one of the most important ecosystem services for maintaining biodiversity, as it is a key process for restoring the function of altered ecosystems. It is largely carried out by bees both in agricultural and natural systems. Nevertheless, this process has been highly impacted by anthropogenic impacts in the environment. The restoration of these environments aims to reestablish these interactions by replacing the local flora. This work aimed to evaluate if the floristic composition of a restoration area is a place with important food resources for the bees. from the distribution of floral resources over a year. The floristic survey was made in a fragment under restoration inserted in an agricultural matrix, located in Holambra / SP. Field activities took place monthly from January to December 2018 in three parcels of 1,500m² each. Samples of flowering plant species were collected from each plot and the exsiccates were prepared and processed and incorporated into the UNESP campus Rio Claro Herbarium collection. Each species was identified and confirmed by experts, and information on the main pollination syndrome, habit, main floral resource offered to pollinators (pollen, nectar, oil) and origin (native or non-native) were obtained from specialized literature. To evaluate the distribution of floral resources during the year, we used circular analysis and applied the Rayleigh test (p) to identify the occurrence of seasonality and Pearson's index using the BioStat Pro 6.0 program to evaluate the occurrence or not of correlation between flowering and climatic factors such as temperature and temperature. precipitation. The families Asteraceae and Fabaceae presented the largest number of flowering species, with the most abundant species of herbaceous habit. About 75% of the identified plants were pollinated by bees, the most frequent syndrome. Among the melitophilous plants, the native species were the most frequent (70.5%) and in relation to the distribution of floral resources, the melitophilic plants presented seasonality in the flowering period, with peak in the rainy months, being the nectariferous species the most abundant. There were no representatives of non-native oil producing species. Regarding resource distribution in the stratification, native tree and shrub species flourished in greater numbers in the rainy season, while non-native species of these habits had a peak of flowering in the dry period. Native and non-native herbaceous plants bloomed most in the rainy months and lianas showed no flowering seasonality for nectar and pollen for both native and non-native species. The results showed that the vertical forest stratification is important for the supply of floral resources to pollinators, however herbaceous plants stood out in relation to the richness and abundance of flowering plants, both native and non-native, providing nectar, pollen and oil for the bees. These species are usually considered as weeds in agricultural environments being eliminated as a part of the management in these areas, extinguishing food sources for bees. The distribution of floral resources in stratification was quite variable, as floral resources were available in both dry and rainy periods of the year, highlighting the importance of the study area as an interesting place for bee survival. Verifying the distribution of floral resources is important because it provides information for the conservation of bees, showing the periods of abundance and food shortage, allowing the improvement of ecological management projects.
Método de reconstrução tomográfica de amostras agrícolas com o emprego de técnicas big data
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-01-31)
Alves, Gabriel Marcelino
;
Cruvinel, Paulo Estevão
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7924553462118511
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5710041471208439
A new method of high resolution tomographic reconstruction of agricultural samples is presented, which uses the spectral density of X-ray tomographic projections as a criterion to minimize processing time and obtain good quality digital images, besides being scalable. The use of the spectral density of the tomographic projections made it possible to evaluate the associated energy in each projection and consequently the amount of information that is related to its probabilities. Thus, the tomographic projections were organized into energy classes and those with the most expressive amounts of information were selected. As part of the method, after selecting projections, Filtered Back Projection (FBP) and B-Spline interpolation were considered to obtain 2D and 3D (volumetric) reconstruction, steps that were parallelized considering the Apache Spark environment. For the execution of the developed method was organized a Big Data environment that had a cluster, installed on the Amazon Web Services (AWS) platform and a stack of technologies. The Big Data environment configuration assessment considered four sets of projection matrice of the same plexiglass heterogeneous phantom totalizing 7840 matrice (35.63 GB) which were processed for 12 different configurations totalizing 427.56 GB of processed tomographic data. The cluster configuration was defined after evaluating the Speedup and Efficiency metrics for the method running in the Big Data environment. In addition, a cluster consisting of a heterogeneous plexiglass phantom, a Sheep-Logan phantom and a homogeneous sample plus 33 seed samples was prepared for the purpose of validating and evaluating the quality of cluster reconstruction of selected tomographic projections. In this context, an image dataset containing 66, 642 2D images of seeds (242 GB) has been organized. The Structural Similarity Index (SSIM), Normalized Root Mean Square Error (NRMSE), and Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio (PSNR) metrics were used in the validation steps. The SSIM metric was calculated for each projection matrix and the median measurement for the SSIM values of each sample was observed. In this sense, the SSIM analysis showed that the tomographic reconstruction of the two-dimensional samples from the selected projections led to the SSIM value exceeding 0.80 for all samples analyzed. The results showed that the method allowed a reduction between 28% and 38% in the number of tomographic projections in each sample analyzed, without compromising the quality of the reconstructed images. Finally, this new method has been shown to be useful for the analysis of large quantities of agricultural samples based on the use of X-ray tomography in order to meet the management based on precision agriculture paradigms, where the increasing number of analyzes required for agricultural samples in the decision-making process is considered a prime factor.
Retornos à educação no Brasil: uma abordagem de pseudo painel e viés de seleção amostral
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-02-03)
Hartze, Wilhelm Matheus
;
Ferro, Andrea Rodrigues
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3432809140419477
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9596171718211332
The goal of this work is to analyze the returns to education in the hourly wages in Brazil for the period of 2011 to 2015, last five years of PNAD data. Even thought the relationship between years of education and wages has been long studied, the accuracy of the results from traditional models like the Ordinary Least Squares are to be questioned due to the necessity to check the presence of group heterogeneity and sample bias. The hypothesis tested in this work is that there is significant effect from non observable factors that leads to biased estimators if not taken into account. By estimating a pseudo panel, through the creation of cohorts, it is seen that the group heterogeneity leads to underestimation of the returns to education from the WLS model. The sample bias also affects the magnitude of the coefficients, however, the two different models used to capture and correct the estimators present different results. The two step model reports smaller returns in comparison to the WLS benchmark, while the Maximum Likelihood model had mixed results.
Propriedades residuais de compósitos cimentícios de alto desempenho com pó de vidro submetidos a altas temperaturas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-02-03)
Oliveira Júnior, Adalberto de
;
Castro, Alessandra Lorenzetti de
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8618479812591256
;
Ferreira, Fernanda Giannotti da Silva
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0329487394818763
High performance cementitious composites are a technological trend in Brazil and in the world due to their better rheological, mechanical, durability properties, and rational use of raw materials in relation to conventional cementitious composites. The use of supplementary materials, especially pozzolanic, allows obtaining composites with improved properties. Glass, which contains large amounts of amorphous silica in its composition, requiring relatively simple processing processes to obtain its powder, has potential for use as a pozzolanic material. Construction elements are subject to performance situations, including high temperatures. The high performance cementitious composite, which has inherent characteristics of high strength, tend to show greater fragility at high temperatures. This work seeks to investigate the mineralogical, microstructural, physical and mechanical properties of high performance cementitious composites with glass powder in partial replacement of cement, when subjected to high temperatures. To evaluate their properties, cementitious composites were made and characterized without and with the incorporation of glass powder in partial volumetric substitution to cement in the proportions of 10, 20 and 50%. The samples without and with glass powder were subjected to temperatures of 200ºC, 400ºC, 600ºC and 800ºC and their residual properties after cooling were evaluated. Samples heated to 800ºC were rehydrated by immersion in water for 56 days and characterized. The results of the rheological, physical and mechanical characterizations show that the incorporation of 10, 20 and 50% of glass powder results in composites with properties of workability, resistance and water absorption similar to the reference mixture, that is, without glass powder. , demonstrating the viability of glass powder as a pozzolanic material. At high temperatures, the physical and mechanical properties of the reference cementitious composite and with glass powder show similar results up to 400ºC. At temperatures of 600ºC and 800ºC, the differences are evident, with the glass powder mixture presenting a lower performance in compressive strength and higher in rigidity and porosity. Upon rehydration, the reference mixture recovered approximately 98% of its compressive strength and 75% of its stiffness, while the glass powder trace recovered approximately 32% in both properties due to the presence of non-rehydratable or low strength products such as wollastonite, melilite and aluminosilicate.
Composição de formação: narrativas (auto)biográficas como acordes do formador-professor
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-02-03)
Schiavon, Tatiana de Camargo
;
Sant'Ana, Izabella Mendes
;
lattes.cnpq.br/7860235863062183
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9626264926154468
The field of formation of the trainer is a recent theme and still little investigated in the educational literature, which justifies the importance of this study. This work is configured as a research-training, because when performing the research one can live in itself the transformations mediated by the reflexive movement lived, as well as the awareness of the performance as teacher trainers, from the dialogy between the act of self-forming and ecoforming, recognizing the conviviality with the group and with the context. We sought, therefore, to answer the question: How do the teacher trainer training processes take place from the perspective of continued training from the dialogy between the act of training teachers and graduating? How does he act? How do you become a trainer? In view of the problem, the objectives aimed to know the profile of the trainers and the reasons that led them to constitute trainers; identify convergences and divergences in the relationship with the constitution of themselves in the lived experience, as well as to know the marks that integrate the process of forming and/or (self-forming), enabled a comprehensive and interpretative analysis of this process. With this, biographical (auto)biographical narratives were used, from the biographical studio device of the project, which underwent some alterations in order to potentiate the reflections. As theoretical and methodological input, Delory-Momberger (2006, 2011, 2012, 2014), Passeggi (2006, 2008, 2011, 2016), Josso (2002, 2007, 2008), among others, was used. The information obtained indicates that the group's formation movement covered cultural, social and political aspects, which mobilized the processes of learning to learn, which points to a need for training through the experiences lived, as well as the finding of a permanent formation in the face of the conjuncture of relationships that are established in intersubjectivity. The use of the biographical studio device of project made it possible to raise awareness of the group, leading participants to think about the constant learning to learn about themselves, which opportunistic one look not only at the path of learning itself, but of the other, in acting as teacher trainers. It results in a recognition that the trainer needs to be attentive to the needs of teachers and the context in which they act, in order to enable moments and spaces of reflection on the trajectories, finding strategies to problematize the various experiences so that they consolidate themselves in meanings, providing the other to experience in themselves processes of resignification that he himself lived. Keywords: formation of trainers; research-training; methodology (auto)biographical
Synthesis and graphitization of phenolic resins for carbon-containing refractory applications
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-02-03)
Talabi, Segun Isaac
;
Luz, Ana Paula da
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3470395641242374
;
Lucas, Alessandra de Almeida
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9754332336954137
Carbon-containing refractories’ (CCRs) present special chemical and thermomechanical properties, which depend on the presence of carbonaceous phase with a structure similar to those of graphite. However, phenolic resins that are commonly used as binder for such refractories produce amorphous carbon, which can limit their performance. Consequently, this research focused on the synthesis and graphitization of these resins under temperatures and conditions suitable for refractory production. In the study, some series of experiments were conducted to investigate the role of boron oxide, boric acid and ferrocene as graphitizing agent for phenolic resins under various processing conditions such as mixing technique and heating procedure. Both conventional (commercial and laboratory synthesized products) and lignin modified phenolic resins were considered. The resulting carbon samples were characterized using X-ray Diffractometer (XRD) to determine the amount of generated graphitic carbon after carbonization. Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM) and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) were also used to corroborate the information obtained from the XRD analysis. The results showed that these additives can induce crystalline carbons generation during pyrolysis depending on the resin chemistry and processing parameters. The mechanism leading to carbon crystallization was attributed to the formation of B‒O‒C bonds for the boron compounds modified resins. The B‒O‒C bonds has a lower binding energy (compared to C‒C), which permits the rotation/reorganization that is necessary for graphitic carbons production. Similarly, Fe3C acted as active sites for crystalline carbon generation during pyrolysis of the resins-ferrocene formulations. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) of the carbon samples show that several factors such as bond strength, composition and atoms arrangement control their oxidation resistance. Moreover, the prepared CCR castables show improved oxidation resistance based on in-situ graphitization of the binder component.
Microplásticos: impacto ambiental de polímeros fotodegradados
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-02-03)
Moreira, Ana Carolina Cugler
;
Mancini, Sandro Donnini
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5091149098462301
;
Waldman, Walter Ruggeri
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0616238673458322
Plastics have been studied for their environmental impact, since when discarded in the environment they do not disappear. Over time they degrade and fragment into smaller pieces, reaching the microscale. When exposed to sunlight these materials can photodegrade, generating fragments that can be consumed by animals, either directly when confused with food or indirectly when they ingest contaminated food/animals. One way to verify and quantify the microplastics (MP) present in marine animals and invertebrate is through advanced oxidative processes (AOP). AOPs are mainly used in oxidation of persistent contaminants, but they have been used to separate organic matter and plastic fragments because of their oxidative power. In order to verify if the AOPs aggravate in some way the fragmentation of degraded polymer, it was proposed to analyze the interaction between AOPs, such as Fenton reaction and alkaline solution, and polymer samples with different photodegradation levels. Superficial changes were observed in some samples with advanced degradation levels, with higher carbonyl concentrations. Comparing the level of degradation, samples with higher carbonyl concentration showed variations post-tested, while samples without or withlow concentration of carbonyl showed no variations. With these results it was possible to confirm the interaction of some AOPs with photodegraded materials and, therefore, that this type of analysis can interfere with the amount of fragments obtained after chemical digestion of marine animals and/or invertebrate. This result helps to put into perspective the research done with invertebrates that had degraded polymers as part of their diet, since there may be an incorrect extrapolation in the amount of MP present in these animals.
Uma proposta de modelo de maturidade em gestão da sustentabilidade para o setor bancário
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-02-04)
Inácio, Leticia da Silva
;
Delai, Ivete
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7054145506480670
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0540886549689622
The pursuit of sustainable development has become ever larger, gaining ground in the business environment as well. The banking sector, despite having low direct social and environmental impact compared to other sectors of the economy, has a huge indirect impact, mainly due to the activities of its clients. Because of its role as an intermediary, it can influence the pace and direction of this development, both by collaborating with its customers' transition to a sustainable economy and by transforming their own business model and product offering. The level of commitment to sustainability can vary, so measuring sustainability performance and identifying its position at different maturity levels allows for the choice of more effective business decisions to seek results improvement. Despite this relevance, there are few studies on the measurement sustainability in the banking sector and there is no work that completely and comprehensively addresses the maturity of sustainability in this sector. In this context, this research aims to propose a model to classify the degree of maturity in sustainability management for the banking sector, resulting in an evolutionary framework of sustainability management based on three stages (reactive, preventive and strategic) encompassing seven sustainability competences (strategic management, integration into internal processes, organization, external relationships, environmental processes, social processes and economic processes). For this, a theoretical model was built from a systematic literature review and later applied to the case of the two largest Brazilian commercial banks. Thus, the present study brings both academic and practical contributions, also standing out for being comprehensive and one of the pioneers in Brazil.
Avaliação do mercado de ativos florestais destinados à compensação ambiental no estado de São Paulo, SP.
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-02-04)
Borghi, Tatiana Cintra
;
Tonello, Kelly Cristina
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3844965971290638
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1526866649408900
Environmental offset is a public policy instrument used for the environmental management of impact mitigation in the Brazilian territory, based on the polluter-pays principle, thus any activities or ventures that use natural resources and that are considered effective or potentially polluting or capable of causing environmental degradation, are required to compensate for such impacts. The main study object of this work is the rural property with native vegetation areas in excess of the legal preservation obligations, that is, the portion of native vegetation existing in the property that is free from any legal preservation obligation (compromised areas, legal reserve, permanent preservation areas). One of the aims of this work was to evaluate the environmental compensation market in the state of São Paulo, identifying the spatial distribution and biome of the available areas, quantifying the total area and prices applied, by watershed. Therefore, data collection was done directly with specialized companies and realtors, who commercialize these areas that make up the environmental compensation market. Pricing was found in Reais (R$) per area measure (hectares or square meters) and varies according to the watershed, the biome, the amount and the availability of the area. Another goal was to present a case study of a property located in the municipality of Salto de Pirapora (SP), which is used only for environmental compensation of environmental licenses, through environmental easement. The data were obtained directly from the property owner company, regarding the way the property was made available to the market and the values applied to the negotiations. In this case, it was found that the prices are higher compared to the values obtained for the state of São Paulo, as they add other issues such as environmental studies, records in real estate notices, responsibility for preservation, time of analysis of the environmental agency. It is concluded that prices vary mainly according to the purpose of the compensation. Larger areas are intended for offsetting legal reserves from other rural properties and tend to have a low price by area measure, compared to smaller areas that are generally intended to offset environmental permits (vegetation cutting, intervention in permanent preservation areas, etc.). This business model can encourage rural producers to value their areas with vegetation, thus resulting in the conservation of the forests in these properties.
Tecnologias digitais no campo da educação no Brasil: distribuição do capital científico entre 1996 e 2016
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-02-04)
Corrêa, André Garcia
;
Mill, Daniel Ribeiro Silva
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1515286597269486
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6166163239013801
This is the report of a doctoral research that investigated the phenomenon of the distribution of scientific capital on several fronts in researches about Digital Information and Communication Technologies (DTIC) within the field of Education. The investigation used bibliometric and scientometric quantitative data that were analyzed under theoretical references of sociology of science, considering the scientific practice as belonging to agents of a social field, under the historical context of research in Education throughout the 20th century and the social aspects of postmodernity. In addition to analyzing the data, the investigation also tested theoretical statements about the field and its production with empirical analyses, seeking to falsify them. The data are of two different natures: a) metadata of theses produced in Post-Graduate Education Programs in Brazil with grades 5 and higher, between the years 1996 and 2016, compiled in the database built by the Grupo Horizonte of the Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar) and; b) bibliometric data referring to the citations from a sample among the cataloged research theses on Education and DTIC in the State of Sao Paulo, this time extending between 1996 and 2008. This text also brings a discussion on epistemology and sociology of science, taking a position on Kant's Transcendental Idealism, Popper's Critical Deductivism, Dialectical Historical Materialism and the concept of Technology, according to the arguments of Álvaro Vieira Pinto and Pierre Lévy. The data were analyzed mainly under the theoretical lens of Bourdieu's theses for sociology of science about the scientific field and its symbolic capital. Also considered for analysis are the effects of postmodernity on scientific production and the concepts of Zygmunt Bauman of Ambivalence in Modernity and Liquid Modernity. The investigation shows, in general, a very fragmented field that has grown considerably in the observed time window, but which at various times presents a concentration of symbolic capital. When looking at the investigated objects and the citations used, in both the fragmentation is observable in many nodes of the network with a concentrated nucleus of scientific capital. When the empirical analysis of the Social Hierarchy of Objects was made, the network found was very large, but with very low density. However, there is a clear hierarchy between the themes with a core that focuses on the teacher and his/her education. DTIC also appear at the center of the nucleus, demonstrating that despite being only recent developed, they have quickly become a source of scientific capital for education researchers. The claim, seen in the theoretical framework on the history of research in Education, that the field has lost its object in postmodernity, has therefore been refuted. We also tried to test statements from the theoretical framework of the historical context of scientific production in Education in Brazil that the dialectical historical materialist method has fallen into disuse. In fact, the data showed an increase in works using this method at almost the same rate as the growth of the field itself, as well as an intimate relationship between Marxist works and objects with more scientific capital. A possible inflation of scientific capital within the field or a productivism between 1996 and 2008 were not evident. There were no changes in the average life of citations. The field seems to have grown to an extent that absorbed the increase in production in absolute numbers. As with objects, references are also scattered but show a concentration of symbolic capital around a great orthodoxy. Names like José Armando Valente, Paulo Freire and Pierre Lévy are the authors with the highest rates of symbolic capital. In a broader sense, research has shown that it is possible to use bibliometrics for a sociological analysis of scientific fields, combining quantitative data with qualitative analysis as well as empirically observing Pierre Bourdieu's theoretical concepts.
Repertório ocupacional de crianças de 4 a 6 anos com atraso no desenvolvimento motor, da linguagem e na habilidade pessoal-social
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-02-04)
Tima, Fredcarme
;
Oliveira, Mirela Figueiredo de
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3660487766535040
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2386000590490916
Child development is understood through the acquisition and improvement of various skills that will enable children to perform the typical occupations and activities of this life cycle. If the children have difficulties in acquiring skills corresponding to the age group they are in, it is considering as a developmental delay. Children with developmental delay may have limitations and / or difficulties in achieving these occupations and activities depending on the area (s) with impairment. Being a difficult diagnosis to establish, these children are often categorized as idle among others and do not always receive the help they need to learn how to develop their age skills. For this reason, the objective was to evaluate the occupational repertoire of children from 4 to 6 years old with delayed development of motor coordination, language and personal-social ability. This is a descriptive cross-sectional study with a quantitative approach. The sample consisted of 17 children from 4 to 6 years old regularly enrolled in a Municipal Center of Early Childhood Education in the city of São Carlos, interior of São Paulo, indicated by the teachers for presenting difficulties in performing school tasks. These children were assessed by the Denver II Screening Test for detecting delay or suspected developmental delay and the Paediatric Activity Card Sort (PACS) for checking activity patterns of children categorized into four occupational dimensions - personal care, sports, school / productivity and hobbies and social activities. With the results of the Denver II Screening Test, the development of 10 children was classified as "suspect", as they scored two or more items with "caution" and one item with "delay" and 7 children as "abnormal", one since they scored two or more with “delay”. The gross motor area is the most affected in both groups. On the other hand, the occupational repertoire of children with delay and suspected delay shows many similarities in relation to the activities they perform and the categories in which they perform the most.
Violências, conflitos e indisciplinas: discursos em três escolas de educação básica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-02-05)
Marchetti, Rafaela
;
Luiz, Maria Cecília
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7425361719028650
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3989487800835596
This thesis is part of the line of research on Education, Culture and Subjectivity, of the Graduate Program in Education at the Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCAR). It aims to analyze the statements, the singularities, the ruptures and the accumulations in the statements of educators, teachers and employees about conflicts, violence and indiscipline and discuss how disciplinary power relationships occur at school. Discourse analysis based on the studies of Michel Foucault and Jean Jaques Courtine with a focus on discursive formation was used, analyzing the statements and discourses of the speeches involved with the school, in order to understand the power relations in and out their spaces. It´s characterized by a qualitative research, developed in the investigation field, three instruments: documentary research (School Occurrence Books); focus groups (managers, teachers); semi-structured interviews (employees and family).It was found that the fundamental rights of children and young people are discussed at school under the protection of control and discipline. Even with the presence of school principals, the role of school management was not understood. Nothing was explained in the group as a way to solve or mitigate school violence. School violence that which the school institution induces in an institutional, legitimate way was excluded from the statements. In this way, the Municipal Secretary of Education, the municipal government, educators (in general) can´t be responsible for situations of violence in school spaces. The speech reaffirms a situation of impotence of the school in the face of violence, and educators do not feel obliged to develop new perspectives, or pedagogical purposes to establish a more pleasant environment in schools. However, this uncertainty in the solution of the problem directly affects students and their families.
Contribuição metodológica à engenharia diagnóstica para aplicação à conservação da infraestrutura rodoviária: estudo de caso da sinalização da SP 310 – Rodovia Washington Luís
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-02-05)
Reis, Lucas Vinícius Nogueira dos
;
Barreto, Douglas
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7369326190168139
;
Parsekian, Guilherme Aris
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7798651726059215
In general, the present work aims to verify the applicability of the concepts of Diagnostic Engineering for the conservation of highway infrastructure. Therefore, in this research, adaptations and improvements were made to the inspection tool, in order to enable decision makers, coming from private companies and public entities, access of a logical process of prioritizing highway maintenance. The element studied was the highway signaling of the SP 310- Washington Luis Highway. Two methods were used to estimate the prioritization weights of maintenance in highway signaling: the method of analysis of potencial failure, represented by the FMEA (Failure Mode and Effects Analysis) and the multicriteria analysis method, represented by the AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process). For the application of the FMEA method, the computer program TopEventFTA® was firstly used, resulting in the survey of all possible anomalies in highway signaling. Then, unstructured interviews were carried out with two transport regulation specialists from the Sao Paulo State Transport Regulatory Agency (ARTESP), in order to obtain the severity and the probability detection indexes for each anomaly, since the occurrence index was obtained by the ARTESP database, for the month of January 2019. The multiplication of these indexes provided the weight of maintenance priority in highway signaling by the FMEA method, on a scale from 0 to 1,000 (one thousand). For the application of the AHP method, a questionnaire was firstly presented on GoogleForms®, to 21 (twenty-one) professionals linked to highway signaling, making it possible to carry out the pairwise comparisons regarding the priority of maintenance between anomalies in vertical highway signaling. The predominant values of these pairwise comparisons were placed in the TransparentChoice® program, resulting in a maintenance priority weight for each anomaly in vertical highway signaling, on a scale from 0 to 100%. The result of the FMEA method for the inspection of highway signaling showed that the maintenance priority obtained by the referred method is different for each concessionaire, since it depends on the anomaly occurrence index in each stretch. While for concessionaire 1 the maintenance priority was the absence of the regulation plate (weight of 360), for concessionaire 2 the maintenance priority was the absence of soil paint (weight of 441). The application of the AHP method to the vertical highway signaling showed that the order of maintenance priority obtained by this method is given by the following weights: absence of plate (48%), covered plate (39%), damaged plate (9%) and plate non-standard (4%).
Caracterização do desenvolvimento na primeira infância em crianças com Autismo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-02-06)
Gutiérrez, Tesla Gessele Ochoa
;
Costa, Carolina Severino Lopes da
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0303439637261272
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9217060968850421
Autism is a neurodevelopmental condition that compromise several development areas Recent research shows that it is possible to identify signs of autism during the first 3 years of life, which is considered the early childhood stage, in which the brain is developing to the maximum possible capacity, being a crucial period for the rest of the children's lives. Likewise, several studies show significant benefits and favorable prognoses for children with autism who receive early intervention, which is the main reason why information should be provided to promote the early identification of autism. Following this concept, this research is based on answering the following question: Do parents of children with autism identify atypical patterns of development during the first 3 years of children's life? Which are those developmental characteristics perceived by the parents? In order to be able to answer these questions, the aim of this research is: To characterize parents' view about the developmental stage of their children with autism, during the stage of 6 months to 3 years of age, and to identify and characterize development-related behaviors found in children with autism during the first 6 months of life up to 3 years of age. In order to perform this study, a type of retrospective study with exploratory and descriptive focus was implemented. Parents of 30 children with autism participated, of whom the children did not exceed the age group of 5 years of age. The parents of children diagnosed with autism were the informants. Data collection was performed through an interview and data analysis was accomplished through the creation of previous categories of social behaviors and measured in content analysis. The results of the research showed that all parents who participated in the research identified atypical behaviors in their children with Autism, before the first 3 years of life of their children. It was possible to categorize social development behaviors into primary categories, of which the most prominent behaviors were regression in the area of communication and shared attention. The study suggests possible research in the area of parental training and regressive autism.
Análise da simbiose industrial por meio da simulação baseada em agentes: aplicação no setor agroindustrial
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-02-06)
Camparotti, Carlos Eduardo Soares
;
Menegon, Nilton Luiz
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5461487552981919
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7236941414013793
The environment needs beneficial actions to eliminate or reduce the environmental impacts caused by human beings, considering their population increase on a finite planet. Industrial Symbiosis (SI) is focused precisely on the non-generation or reduction of waste discarded in nature, where it seeks efficiency in the use of resources and its constant reuse among different companies. The objective of this thesis was to analyze the development of SI through Agent Based Simulation (SBA) in an agro-industrial system in the city of Dourados-MS considering both the exchange of solid waste and the relationships of agents. In order to increase the organization and structuring of a system with favorable aspects for the IS project, design science is used to assist in this construction, with the understanding of the elements, functions and properties. In addition to the science of the project, the new system needs verification and support in decision making, as every change is highly impactful, which is achieved through modeling and simulation of the variables and relationships existing in the system, in this case considering the actions taken as a basis by the agents. The research object was the city of Dourados-MS for access to data and number of companies. A systematic review on the IS was carried out to understand its characteristics and activities, in addition to an exploratory review on project science. In addition to these, systematic reviews were carried out on the relationship between SI and SBA and SI the object of study in the agroindustrial sector. From the structure to develop the SI and from the modeling and simulation research procedure, the case was understood with visits and electronic contacts with the companies and the construction of its computational model with the equation of the data. With this, the computational model was translated into the Netlogo software, which is most mentioned in IS research and open for use, where simulations were performed to analyze the data and understand the agents' behavior. From the data collected it was possible to identify information about two main contexts, the physical, with the generation of waste and the specificities and properties of the system, and the social, with relationships and influence of social actors in decision making. Parameters were defined to compare the simulation scenarios and identify the best paths for the IS to succeed in the system, such as eco-connectivity and the amount of reused waste. The simulation made it possible to identify the behavior of each variable, as well as the reuse of waste and the number of agents to be created for this, the integration, the relationships between the agents and the positive impact of the presence of the coordinator. The role of government, society, the market, and financial networks also contribute to the evolution of agents, as well as the institutional capacity of each member of the system. A script for structuring the computational model was presented and the applicability of the SBA to develop SI in the presented system was proven, showing the specificities, such as the seasonality and variability of agriculture and livestock.
Evolução cromossômica na família Lebiasinidae (Teleostei, Characiformes), com enfoque em espécies do gênero Lebiasina
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-02-06)
Sassi, Francisco de Menezes Cavalcante
;
Cioffi, Marcelo de Bello
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0242034365085727
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0672256424755687
The Lebiasinidae family is composed by seven genus of small freshwater fishes that can be found in small rivers of Central and South America. Members of this family presents a great diversity in form and body color, but their evolutionary relationships are still unclear. Our objective was to realize the first cytogenetical analysis in two species of Lebiasina genus, aiming to clarify their karyotypic characteristics and their chromosomal evolution. For this, Lebiasina bimaculata and L. melanoguttata presents 2n = 36 as their diploid number, exclusively composed by bi-armed chromosomes. The C-positive heterochromatin was located in centromeric and telomeric regions of several chromosomes in both species. But, in L. melanoguttata there is a remarkable interstitial series of c-positive heterochromatin, absent in L. bimaculata. The rDNA 5S is located in the interstitial region on q-arm of the first chromosomic pair in both species, with an additional site on telomeric region of 13 chromosome of L. melanoguttata. The 18S rDNA can be found in telomeric region of the third pair in L. bimaculata, while L. melanoguttata presents multiple marks located in telomeric region on long arm of pairs 1 and 3, in telomeric region on short arm of 7 and 9 pairs and in both regions of the second chromosomic pair. The whole chromosome painting with a probe from the first chromosomic pair showed a share of genomic content between the two Lebiasina species and Boulengerella (Ctenoluciidae), evidencing the close relationship between this two families. Additionally, the comparative genomic hybridization among the two Lebiasina species reveals a high level of genomic differentiation amid them. Another experiment of comparative genomic hybridization reveals a telomeric sex-specific region on the third chromosomic pair of L. bimaculata females. This result with the differential pattern of c-banding, CMA3+ differential stain and the fluorescent in situ hybridization with the microsatellite probe (CGG)n indicates two possibilities (i) the presence of a copy number variation process, generating differences between the homologous pair, or (ii) a nascent sex chromosome system of ZZ/ZW type. Besides that, two chromosomal evolutionary pathways were recognized in Lebiasinidae family, being the first responsible for a probable diploid number conservation in Lebiasininae and, in contrast, an acrocentrization tendency in Pyrrhulininae.
Chonewood: una historia paralela del cine ecuatoriano
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-02-06)
Reyes, Luis Stéfano Murillo
;
Sá Neto, Arthur Autran Franco de
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5055550097454248
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5986061655395749
This research investigates the cinema made in the city of Chone located on the Ecuadorian coast. Here Since 1994 there has been a phenomenon within Ecuador's cinema historically marked by a discontinuity. This phenomenon is called Chonewood that was born at first as the need to tell stories by filmmakers of Chone, influenced by foreign cinema that arrived in the cinemas of the region and mainly by the violent environment of the city. At first, a historical picture of the history of centralized Ecuadorian cinema is realized in the country's great cities, Quito and Guayaquil, in order to understand the discontinuities in production and, on the other hand, part at various times, the State as participate in supporting domestic production. Then, the Chonewood cinema, the filmmakers' journey, the processes established, the circulation and distribution in the informal market of their films, and the encounters with the state and the academy are then studied.
Espaços de Hardy radial
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-02-06)
Francheto, Victor Hugo Falcão
;
Picon, Tiago Henrique
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7853908129934448
;
Hoepfner, Gustavo
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7742503790793940
One presents in this work an atomic decomposition via radial atoms for distributions on subspace $\mathcal{H}^{p}_{rad}(\mathds{R}^{n})$ for $0 < p\leqslant 1$, of Hardy radial spaces $H_{rad}^{p}(\mathds{R}^{n}) \doteq H^{p}(\mathds{R}^{n}) \cap \mathcal{S}'_{rad}(\mathds{R}^n)$. Such atomic decomposition tell us that, if $f \in \mathcal{H}^{p}_{rad}(\mathds{R}^{n})\subseteq H_{rad}^{p}(\mathds{R}^n)$, then $f$ has an atomic decomposition and the atoms of its decomposition are radials. This work extends a theorem proved by R. R. Coifman and G. Weiss in which the authors give a radial atomic decomposition for radial functions in $H^1(\mathds{R}^n)$ where the atoms of such decomposition are radial functions. The decomposition that we present here give us similar about the atoms radiallity for $0