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Uma proposta de modelo de maturidade em gestão da sustentabilidade para o setor bancário
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-02-04) Inácio, Leticia da Silva; Delai, Ivete; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7054145506480670; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0540886549689622
The pursuit of sustainable development has become ever larger, gaining ground in the business environment as well. The banking sector, despite having low direct social and environmental impact compared to other sectors of the economy, has a huge indirect impact, mainly due to the activities of its clients. Because of its role as an intermediary, it can influence the pace and direction of this development, both by collaborating with its customers' transition to a sustainable economy and by transforming their own business model and product offering. The level of commitment to sustainability can vary, so measuring sustainability performance and identifying its position at different maturity levels allows for the choice of more effective business decisions to seek results improvement. Despite this relevance, there are few studies on the measurement sustainability in the banking sector and there is no work that completely and comprehensively addresses the maturity of sustainability in this sector. In this context, this research aims to propose a model to classify the degree of maturity in sustainability management for the banking sector, resulting in an evolutionary framework of sustainability management based on three stages (reactive, preventive and strategic) encompassing seven sustainability competences (strategic management, integration into internal processes, organization, external relationships, environmental processes, social processes and economic processes). For this, a theoretical model was built from a systematic literature review and later applied to the case of the two largest Brazilian commercial banks. Thus, the present study brings both academic and practical contributions, also standing out for being comprehensive and one of the pioneers in Brazil.
Avaliação do mercado de ativos florestais destinados à compensação ambiental no estado de São Paulo, SP.
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-02-04) Borghi, Tatiana Cintra; Tonello, Kelly Cristina; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3844965971290638; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1526866649408900
Environmental offset is a public policy instrument used for the environmental management of impact mitigation in the Brazilian territory, based on the polluter-pays principle, thus any activities or ventures that use natural resources and that are considered effective or potentially polluting or capable of causing environmental degradation, are required to compensate for such impacts. The main study object of this work is the rural property with native vegetation areas in excess of the legal preservation obligations, that is, the portion of native vegetation existing in the property that is free from any legal preservation obligation (compromised areas, legal reserve, permanent preservation areas). One of the aims of this work was to evaluate the environmental compensation market in the state of São Paulo, identifying the spatial distribution and biome of the available areas, quantifying the total area and prices applied, by watershed. Therefore, data collection was done directly with specialized companies and realtors, who commercialize these areas that make up the environmental compensation market. Pricing was found in Reais (R$) per area measure (hectares or square meters) and varies according to the watershed, the biome, the amount and the availability of the area. Another goal was to present a case study of a property located in the municipality of Salto de Pirapora (SP), which is used only for environmental compensation of environmental licenses, through environmental easement. The data were obtained directly from the property owner company, regarding the way the property was made available to the market and the values applied to the negotiations. In this case, it was found that the prices are higher compared to the values obtained for the state of São Paulo, as they add other issues such as environmental studies, records in real estate notices, responsibility for preservation, time of analysis of the environmental agency. It is concluded that prices vary mainly according to the purpose of the compensation. Larger areas are intended for offsetting legal reserves from other rural properties and tend to have a low price by area measure, compared to smaller areas that are generally intended to offset environmental permits (vegetation cutting, intervention in permanent preservation areas, etc.). This business model can encourage rural producers to value their areas with vegetation, thus resulting in the conservation of the forests in these properties.
Tecnologias digitais no campo da educação no Brasil: distribuição do capital científico entre 1996 e 2016
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-02-04) Corrêa, André Garcia; Mill, Daniel Ribeiro Silva; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1515286597269486; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6166163239013801
This is the report of a doctoral research that investigated the phenomenon of the distribution of scientific capital on several fronts in researches about Digital Information and Communication Technologies (DTIC) within the field of Education. The investigation used bibliometric and scientometric quantitative data that were analyzed under theoretical references of sociology of science, considering the scientific practice as belonging to agents of a social field, under the historical context of research in Education throughout the 20th century and the social aspects of postmodernity. In addition to analyzing the data, the investigation also tested theoretical statements about the field and its production with empirical analyses, seeking to falsify them. The data are of two different natures: a) metadata of theses produced in Post-Graduate Education Programs in Brazil with grades 5 and higher, between the years 1996 and 2016, compiled in the database built by the Grupo Horizonte of the Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar) and; b) bibliometric data referring to the citations from a sample among the cataloged research theses on Education and DTIC in the State of Sao Paulo, this time extending between 1996 and 2008. This text also brings a discussion on epistemology and sociology of science, taking a position on Kant's Transcendental Idealism, Popper's Critical Deductivism, Dialectical Historical Materialism and the concept of Technology, according to the arguments of Álvaro Vieira Pinto and Pierre Lévy. The data were analyzed mainly under the theoretical lens of Bourdieu's theses for sociology of science about the scientific field and its symbolic capital. Also considered for analysis are the effects of postmodernity on scientific production and the concepts of Zygmunt Bauman of Ambivalence in Modernity and Liquid Modernity. The investigation shows, in general, a very fragmented field that has grown considerably in the observed time window, but which at various times presents a concentration of symbolic capital. When looking at the investigated objects and the citations used, in both the fragmentation is observable in many nodes of the network with a concentrated nucleus of scientific capital. When the empirical analysis of the Social Hierarchy of Objects was made, the network found was very large, but with very low density. However, there is a clear hierarchy between the themes with a core that focuses on the teacher and his/her education. DTIC also appear at the center of the nucleus, demonstrating that despite being only recent developed, they have quickly become a source of scientific capital for education researchers. The claim, seen in the theoretical framework on the history of research in Education, that the field has lost its object in postmodernity, has therefore been refuted. We also tried to test statements from the theoretical framework of the historical context of scientific production in Education in Brazil that the dialectical historical materialist method has fallen into disuse. In fact, the data showed an increase in works using this method at almost the same rate as the growth of the field itself, as well as an intimate relationship between Marxist works and objects with more scientific capital. A possible inflation of scientific capital within the field or a productivism between 1996 and 2008 were not evident. There were no changes in the average life of citations. The field seems to have grown to an extent that absorbed the increase in production in absolute numbers. As with objects, references are also scattered but show a concentration of symbolic capital around a great orthodoxy. Names like José Armando Valente, Paulo Freire and Pierre Lévy are the authors with the highest rates of symbolic capital. In a broader sense, research has shown that it is possible to use bibliometrics for a sociological analysis of scientific fields, combining quantitative data with qualitative analysis as well as empirically observing Pierre Bourdieu's theoretical concepts.
Repertório ocupacional de crianças de 4 a 6 anos com atraso no desenvolvimento motor, da linguagem e na habilidade pessoal-social
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-02-04) Tima, Fredcarme; Oliveira, Mirela Figueiredo de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3660487766535040; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2386000590490916
Child development is understood through the acquisition and improvement of various skills that will enable children to perform the typical occupations and activities of this life cycle. If the children have difficulties in acquiring skills corresponding to the age group they are in, it is considering as a developmental delay. Children with developmental delay may have limitations and / or difficulties in achieving these occupations and activities depending on the area (s) with impairment. Being a difficult diagnosis to establish, these children are often categorized as idle among others and do not always receive the help they need to learn how to develop their age skills. For this reason, the objective was to evaluate the occupational repertoire of children from 4 to 6 years old with delayed development of motor coordination, language and personal-social ability. This is a descriptive cross-sectional study with a quantitative approach. The sample consisted of 17 children from 4 to 6 years old regularly enrolled in a Municipal Center of Early Childhood Education in the city of São Carlos, interior of São Paulo, indicated by the teachers for presenting difficulties in performing school tasks. These children were assessed by the Denver II Screening Test for detecting delay or suspected developmental delay and the Paediatric Activity Card Sort (PACS) for checking activity patterns of children categorized into four occupational dimensions - personal care, sports, school / productivity and hobbies and social activities. With the results of the Denver II Screening Test, the development of 10 children was classified as "suspect", as they scored two or more items with "caution" and one item with "delay" and 7 children as "abnormal", one since they scored two or more with “delay”. The gross motor area is the most affected in both groups. On the other hand, the occupational repertoire of children with delay and suspected delay shows many similarities in relation to the activities they perform and the categories in which they perform the most.