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Efeitos da música clássica sobre a cognição, parâmetros fisiológicos e psicológicos em idosos com demência institucionalizados
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-02-28) Rocha, Luana Aparecida da; Gratão, Aline Cristina Martins; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7873339343111119; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7073285909100937
Introduction: Dementias are responsible for a large part of the impairment of cognitive ability in the elderly and negatively affect functional capacity, quality of life, independence and autonomy. Thus, actions aimed at health care for the elderly should aim to control the symptoms and adverse signs resulting from chronic diseases already installed. In this way, musical intervention has been perceived as a potential alternative in reducing the progression of dementia. Objective: To analyze the effects of classical music on cognition, physiological parameters and behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) in institutionalized elderly. Methodology: This is a descriptive-exploratory, quantitative, quasi-experimental study, with a Control Group (CG), to verify the effect of classical music on cognition, SCPD and physiological parameters in institutionalized elderly. Eight sessions with classical music were performed, selected by a music therapist for the Intervention Group (IG) over two months at ILPI A. For the CG (ILPI B) the headset was applied, however, without classical music. Both groups (GI and CG) were evaluated by ACE-R before and after the intervention. In addition, data on blood pressure, heart rate and heart coherence (through Cardioemotion) were obtained during music sessions. The SCPD were evaluated through the Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI), applied to nurses from the two participating institutions. Results: 14 elderly participants were evaluated, 7 belonged to the IG and 7 to the CG. In both groups there was a predominance of female participants, widowed marital status and diagnosed with Alzheimer's. Although not significant, most of the NPI variables improved when compared to the moments before and after for GI, with significant wear in apathy (t = 2.646; p = 0.038) and in the total mean NPI severity (t = 2.760; p = 0.033) with lower averages at the time after intervention. For the control group, no significant differences were found in the mean level of the variables in the pre and post analysis, with most of the averages remaining the same. Conclusion: Classical music provided stimuli and the possibility of improving the conditions of institutionalized elderly people as well as professionals involved in care.
O manual do professor do Programa Nacional do Livro Didático do Campo (PNLD-Campo)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-02-28) Santos, Alessandra de Sousa dos; Santos, Maria Cristina dos; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1095065753077001; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5214076233466612
This PhD Thesis aims to analyze conceptions into the teacher's manuals indexed to textbooks for rural schools distributed by the Programa Nacional do Livro Didático-Campo (PNLD-Campo) along the years 2013 to 2018 and understand how these resources become tool for training for skill labor training in a capitalist society. Therefore, the research was carried out by cataloging, reading and analyzing the collections professor's textbooks: Projeto Buriti Multidisciplinar; Campo Aberto; Novo Girassol; Saberes e Fazeres do Campo; Tempo de Aprender Região Norte. The analyzed textbooks were distributed by PNLD-CAMPO in the 2013-2015, 2016-2108 editions. The research rationality took place through the history of textbooks seeking to understand how the textbooks are used to standardize teaching instruments and the exams to be carried out as part of the neoliberal public policy package to improve the quality of education. The PNLD-Campo Action textbooks were materialized in public policies for rural education and increased from social movements in defense of quality education for the rural population. The analysis showed contradictions into the guidance for teachers intensifies the lack of quality for the public education offered at rural schools, the textbooks create a lack of knowledge systematized and focus in specifics demands of groups reinforcing the teacher who works in the rural schools is interpreted as backward teacher with precarious training that needs to update and unify as diverse field cultures and no context of capitalist society to become another instrument for the training of labor to work in the rural areas.
Identidade e pertencimento étnico-racial em Cabo Verde sob a lente dos manuais escolares de língua portuguesa
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-02-28) Gertrudes, Jezabel Mitsa do Nascimento; Rodrigues, Tatiane Cosentino; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8361431964064731; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5309798454236443
This research aims to understand the relationship between the school curriculum cape verdean and the ethnic-racial issue, with the aim of mapping how the racial theme through the basic education curriculum in Cape Verde. This is a bibliographic study and document analysis in which we analyzed three collections of language textbooks portuguese primary education, composed of twelve books, in use in the country from 1996 to 2019. We seek to understand how ethnic-racial relations are built, presentation of the contents, the representations of the characters in the manuals and the proposed activities. To this end, we have based on three axes of analysis: history of Cape Verde; Identity and ethnic-racial belonging and Child and Childhood, dialoguing with works already carried out in this interface textbooks/textbooks, ethnic-racial relations and curriculum. From the three axes of analysis we seek to identify the presence of colonialist ideologies school content and its influence on the recognition and ethnic-racial belonging of the cape verdean people in relation to the African continent. As well as we highlight, in the course of significant changes in the contents presented in the collections analyzed. Our study also pointed to the need to reflect on teacher education in Cape Verde, as well as knowing the historical-political process of the country, in order to be able to build curriculum that is based on the ethnic and cultural diversity of the country, based on values afro-centered.
Sobre a metrizabilidade do espaço de R-lugares de um corpo de funções F com trdeg_R=1
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-02-28) Pereira, Melissa Natasha; Novacoski, Josnei Antonio; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9177746370874059; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2648076807833101
The main purpose of this work is to study the metrizability of the space of R-places of a function field, with transcendence degree 1 over a real closed field. Specifically, we are going to present a necessary and sufficient condition that guarantees the metrizability of M (R(X )). In the first chapter, we give some preliminaries results on the topics of valuation, orderings, and real places. Then, in Chapter 2, we start with a straightforward approach to the problem. In this chapter, we will study the X (R(X )) and M (R(X )) spaces from a topological point of view.
Percepções e experiências de mulheres atuantes no campo da saúde sobre violência de gênero
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-02-28) Lima, Fernanda Felício de; Ferigato, Sabrina Helena; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3248396158325409; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9213272356766977
In all modern societies, to a lesser or greater degree, the influence of the patriarchal system pervades social organizations and gender relations which, as a consequence, are unequally established and contribute to the establishment of multiple forms of domination, control and violence of men towards women. The interface between health and gender violence is evidenced by the role of the health system and its professionals in assisting victims of violence, as well as by the sectorial strategies for confronting the culture of violence as a determinant of the health process-disease-intervention. The field of Health composed by a large contingent of professional caregivers women, is not immune from being a space of reproduction of these structural violence , nor does it place these women in an armored place of the violence that they themselves seek to face from professional resources. Thus, the present study aimed at mapping and analyzing the perceptions of women working in the field of Brazilian Collective Health on gender violence lived and expressed in their daily lives, through the cut-out of a broad study entitled "Women of Collective Health: a portrait of who builds the field", fruit of the intervention-struggle research movement of women active in the field of Collective Health that form the Collective Adelaides: Feminisms and Health. It is a quanti-qualitative study, intervention-type research, which starts from the mapping method and from the theoretical references of black feminist epistemologies. The results are presented through the typification of violence perceived by women and its interface with the process of health work and their daily lives, that point to the persistence and severity of the violence expressed in the daily lives of women active in the field of Collective Health and the possible contributions of the deepening and analysis of this scenario from the articulation of the concepts of intersectionality, place of speech and policy of empowerment, for gender studies and possibilities of coping with these violence.
Representação da mulher nas ciências nos livros didáticos de ciências da década de 1960 até 2010.
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-02-28) Costa, Angélica Felício da; Fernandes, Hylio Laganá; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1315602045624096; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4257814467076171
The construction of modern science was historically established as a male activity through the exclusion of women from women in the field of science. The most expressive female return to the scientific scene is relatively recent, largely associated with movements organized by women. The second and third wave of feminism in Brazil and in the world from the 1960s onwards put in check the traditional socially constructed gender hierarchy and more women entered universities and contributed to intellectual productions. Despite this, the social image of science remained strongly marked as a male activity, and the scientist represented in the media (and in the imaginary) with the stereotype of a man (white, with glasses, with superior intelligence and always wearing a lab coat). Science Textbooks, used by young people who are starting to build their knowledge about Science, can be an important vehicle for discussing this stereotype, expanding the image of scientist (and science) beyond this hegemonic vision. This work aimed to analyze, over the course of a few decades, which image of the woman scientist / in the sciences presented in the Science Textbooks. Numerical surveys of the citations of women and men in the sciences (textual and imagery citations) were carried out and an iconographic analysis of the images of the female scientists was made in science textbooks of the ninth grade. Twenty-five books from the 1960s to 2018 were analyzed from the main Brazilian textbook publishers. Nowadays, more than 50 years after the feminist wave that took more women to universities, it is possible to find women in science in science textbooks, but they are still rarely mentioned, with hegemony of male representation. The 21st century textbooks maintain the same conception of male science, which reproduces the historical exclusions of women.
10 teses sobre experiência e educação: leituras deleuzianas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-02-28) Barros, Gustavo de Almeida; Abramowicz, Anete; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2502752385941894; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6326587195705738
This survey has an analytical theoretical and bibliographic incuse, and aims at discussing about the concept of experience present in the French philosopher Gilles Deleuze’s thought and about his distinction before the classical conception of the experience present in a traditional empiricism; and how the concept takes place before its use inside education. That conception emergency has been built since the National Common Curricular Base established the Experience Fields as a practice in Childhood Education. Our text is divided in three parts, of which the first one did an analysis on the monographs written by Deleuze about the philosophers Baruch de Spinoza, David Hume, Immanuel Kant, Henri Bergson and Friedrich Nietzsche. Except Kant, who is criticized and will have the reputation of transcendental changed and turned proper, the others inspired his thought, occurring in his individual production and in his partnership with the psychoanalyst Felix Guattari. In the second part, we deal with the epistemological conjectures of education and how the experience is built from them. We made a judgment about the conception that the School elaborates on the experience in its practices, so that we purpose what would be an Experience Education, by having Deleuze’s conceiving of experience as the focal point and the practice of such education. In the third and last part, we presented ten theses about the conception of experience on Deleuze and education, concluding, for us, the possible form of consider the experience on the way purposed by Deleuze, so that education reinforce the bodies to create new forms of existence.
A saúde mental sob as lentes de crianças: uma pesquisa participativa inclusiva
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-02-28) Martins, Bruna Melo; Cid, Maria Fernanda Barboza; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8595043315867424; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7871364407414150
ABSTRACT - The Children and Adolescent Mental Health Brazilian Policy considers youngsters as subjects of rights. Therefore, their place of speech must be guaranteed in the mental health care context. Despite recent advances in the understanding of child and adolescent mental health, the prevailing concepts remain anchored in a biomedical perspective, with little regard for the perceptions of the main stakeholders. Studies that propose participatory discussions, reflections and actions approaching the realities of experiencing psychological distress in childhood offer elements arising from the children's own understandings about mental health, as well as aspects that may be involved in this condition, and can contribute to more effective assistance strategies for this population. Thus, the present study aimed to identify the understanding of children aged 9-11 years about mental health and also about what favors it and what harms it. A participatory investigation was carried out with a group of 23 children bonded to an after-school program. All ethical aspects were considered. Data collection involved the development of collective and individual activities, namely: development of children's newscasts with the theme “What is Mental Health?”; drawing illustrations about what they consider “good mental health” and “bad mental health” and, finally, the collective creation of posters on what favors and harms mental health - the latter being developed through photovoice strategy. Horizontality and playfulness were sought and valued throughout the research process and the emerging data were analyzed together with the children. Results revealed that children understand that mental health is related to occupations and situations that either generate pleasure, learning and well-being (sports, playing, learning), or suffering (violence and substance abuse). Playing, sports and studies were identified as elements that promote good mental health in childhood and on the other hand, violence in its various possibilities of expression was identified as harmful - corroborating what has been signaled by scholars in the field. It was found that the children showed clarity about what affects them. Therefore, considering their perspectives beyond the adult perspective seems to be a path for the policymaking processes and actions that indeed aim to protect them.
Efeito do revenimento sobre a resistência à corrosão do aço inoxidável uns s41426
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-02-28) Santos, Icaro Gabriel Rodrigues; Zepon, Guilherme; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7924187202036614; Rovere, Carlos Alberto Della; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8141224513975606; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0668651506021006
Supermartensitic stainless steels were developed during the 1990s as an alternative to duplex stainless steels for manufacture of oil country tubular goods. As a result of microstructural variations caused during tempering process, different corrosion behaviors have been reported for supermartensitic steels, making necessary to deepen the knowledge of microstructural effects in the formation of the passive film and in the corrosion resistance of these materials. The present research aimed to study the impact of the tempering temperature on the corrosion resistance of a UNS S41426 supermartensitic steel. The material was solution treated at 1050 °C during 1 h and quenched in air, lately, tempered at 550, 600, 650, 700 and 650 + 600 °C for 2 h and air cooled. General corrosion was evaluated by immersion tests in 0.5 M H2SO4. The intergranular corrosion resistance and Cr-depletion degree was evaluated by DL-EPR tests in 0.5 M H2SO4 + 0.01 M KSCN. Potentiodynamic polarization in H2SO4 and 3.5% NaCl were used, respectively, to analyze the passive behavior of the material and the pitting resistance. The results shows that the tempering treatments leads to formation of reverse austenite that increases the Cr-depletion degree and the materials intergranular corrosion. In addition, the presence of this phase causes the quickly formation of passive film in lower potentials as result of the Ni enrichment, reducing the generalized corrosion. However, in more oxidizing environments, the passive film formed on the austenite has less protective character. The pitting potentials has no variation accordingly to the studied tempering treatments. Finally, tempering in 650 °C seems to be more adequate to the USN S41426 SMSS.
Panorama do campo de estudo da Rede Federal de Educação Profissional, Científica e Tecnológica do Brasil (2009-2018)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-02-28) Oliveira, Greissi Gomes; Hayashi, Carlos Roberto Massao; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9136586124586219; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1647452433090400
The theme of this research is professional, scientific and technological education in Brazil. Its object of study is the Federal Network for Professional, Scientific and Technological Education (RFEPCT), established in 2008, seen from the stricto sensu research. The RFEPCT, by law, must offer different courses acting from the initial training of workers to post-graduation. It should also have its activities developed in the Teaching-Research-Extension triad and is composed of several institutions that total 650 units and 9 innovation hubs (until October 2018). In this context, the following questions arose: how have stricto sensu researches been set up regarding the institutions of the Federal Network for Professional, Scientific and Technological Education in Brazil, based on Law No. 11,892, of December 29, 2008? In the teaching, research and extension triad, which aspect has received more prominence in research that addresses the RFEPCT institutions? Among the different levels of education (higher, secondary, technical, initial and continuing education) that the Law determines that these institutions act, which ones have received more attention in the studies developed in graduate studies in Brazil, when it comes to the RFEPCT institutions? Our hypotheses for these questions are: a) within the scope of the triad of teaching, research and extension, teaching has a greater chance of receiving attention in research on the RFEPCT institutions, due to the origin of the institutions having occurred from this aspect; b) because they have a greater number of institutions and campuses and because they are a recent institution, Institutes should receive greater attention as objects or contexts of research studies; c) even with the deliberation in the legislation of the offer of several levels, the technical vocational education of medium level must appear in more number of studies in the stricto sensu researches that approach the institutions of the RFEPCT. Based on the issues raised in this research, the general objective is to present an overview of the stricto sensu field of studies of the Federal Network of Professional, Scientific and Technological Education in Brazil in the period from 2009 to 2018. The specific objectives are: a) to analyze the production on professional, scientific and technological education in the CAPES Catalog of Theses and Dissertations regarding the variables: assessment areas, gender of researchers, Institution, Postgraduate Program (PPG), methodologies, study participants, funding agency, year of defense; b) to identify the presence of institutions belonging to the Network in the research carried out in this field; c) identify the extent to which teaching, research and extension aspects have been addressed in studies on the institutions of the Network; d) identify the extent to which the different levels of education have received attention when it comes to stricto sensu research on the Network or its institutions; e) systematically map stricto sensu scientific production on the institutions that make up the RFEPCT. According to the selection criteria, 38 theses were selected and analyzed. The results obtained were: the theses are developed in 32 graduate programs; there is a prevalence of authors and advisors; qualitative methodologies are present in most studies; the main study participants are teachers; the main funding agency is CAPES; there is a sharp growth in production in 2018. The institutions that are in the largest number of studies as locus are the Federal Institutes; the teaching aspect is the most addressed in research; the most approached level of education was higher, with the degree courses prevailing.
Estudo sobre a substituição de armadura metálica por barras de GFRP em vigas de concreto armadas à flexão quando submetidas ao ataque acelerado de íons cloreto
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-02-28) Mazzú, Amanda Duarte Escobal; Ferreira, Fernanda Giannotti da Silva; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0329487394818763; Dalfré, Gláucia Maria; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0066111999826468; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7277640376043486
The use of reinforced concrete structures with steel bars is recurrent in the construction industry in Brazil. However, alternative materials are studied due to the existence of problems related to the use of this traditional constructive system, such as the corrosion of metallic reinforcements, the exposure of structures to aggressive environments and to environments in which magnetic neutrality is necessary. Among these materials, huge attention is given to Fiber Reinforced Polymer (FRP), which have high mechanical strength and good resistance to environmental aggressiveness agents, nonmetallic materials capable of replacing steel reinforcement in reinforced concrete structures. In this sense, this work aims to study the replacement of steel bars by GFRP bars in reinforced concrete beams, analyzing, over time, the mechanical behavior and durability against the chloride attack. For this purpose, concrete beams reinforced with steel bars and GFRP bars were molded, of which four were used as a reference, four were kept for 1000h in a laboratory environment and four were exposed to the chloride attack, for 1000h, through their immersion in NaCl solution with 3,5% concentration maintained at the temperature of (50±3) °C, according to the recommendations of ACI 440.9R (2015). These beams were subsequently subjected to three-point bending tests, in order to obtain and compare the resistant capacity, the vertical displacement and the rupture mode presented by the beams. The entrance of chlorine ions to the concrete was evaluated by means of a colorimetric test to determine the chloride penetration depth, in order to detect the possible corrosion of the reinforcement. The results obtained by the three-point bending tests were compared to the theoretical results obtained by using the provisions of ACI 440.1R (2015) for the design of beams reinforced with GFRP and ACI 318 (2019) and ABNT NBR 6118 (2014) for the design of beams reinforced with steel bars. The results showed a reduction in the stiffness of the beams by replacing steel reinforcement with GFRP bars by about 66 %, 72 % and 70 % for the reference beams and maintained in the laboratory environment and exposed to chlorides, respectively. The beams reinforced with GFRP bars resisted a maximum force about 27 % greater than that the beams with steel bars. No major changes were observed in the stiffness and maximum strength resisted by beams reinforced with steel bars and GFRP bars exposed to chloride attack, however, there was an increase in deformability, since the deformations in concrete and reinforcement of beams exposed to chlorides were higher than for beams maintained in a laboratory environment, considering the same applied force. It was concluded that an accelerated exposure of 1000h to the chlorine ions attack has not yet been sufficient to cause changes in the behavior of reinforced concrete beams with steel bars and GFRP bars, being necessary to evaluate the results to be obtained after 3000h and 10000h of exposure, which are the continuation of the current research program. Regarding the use of the calculation models of ACI 318 (2019) and ABNT NBR 6118 (2014) for beams reinforced with steel bars and ACI 440.1R (2015) for beams reinforced with GFRP bars, it is concluded that these standards provide safe values of capacity and conducted to the experimental observed failure modes.
Padrões de distribuição dos braconidae (hymenoptera, ichneumonoidea) em áreas de cerrado no Brasil e de savana em Angola
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-02-28) Timóteo, Ferreira Manuel; Dias, Angélica Maria Penteado Martins; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8637344058859147; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3046873274383376
The present work had as main objective to study the distribution of Braconids (Hymenoptera) in general the Parasitoids in two different continents: American (Brazil) and African (Angola), through sampling collected with malaise traps in the southeastern savannah area do Brasil (Estação Ecológica de Jataí, Luiz Antônio), SP, in 2013 and 2014 and in the savannah area in Angola (Quiçama National Park, Luanda, with an area of 996,000 hectares, in 2019). At the Ecological Station of Jataí (EEJ), 923 specimens of Braconidae were collected, created in 23 subfamilies; in the Quiçama National Park (PNQ), 1537 examples of Braconids created in 17 subfamilies were collected. In view of the sessions carried out, in the PNQ there was a greater increase in the level of subfamilies in the PNQ Cardiochilina, Agathidinae, Microgastrinae, and Rogadinae, in the EEJ, for example, in the 1975 Palma average classification. (Males and children were used collectively, without predominance of the same). No PNQ with higher gender values were found among Cardioquilos (202) and Disophrys (233); in EEJ the most abundant were the Glyptapanteles (95) and Aleiodes (70), mainly in the rainy season. In the EEJ, he found a total of 33 genera classified as intermediate and 44 as rare, no PNQ was classified as 12 as intermediate and 39 as rare. The highest rates of Diversity and Equity were found in the EEJ. In both locations, there was no saturation on the collector curve. No new material from the PNQ was found, a new species of Adelius Haliday (Cheloninae) that was captured and sent for publication. In particular for the Afrotropical fauna of Braconidae, this work represents a contribution and a starting point for further studies in the region of Angola.
O processo de alfabetização e letramento na transição da educação infantil para o ensino fundamental no município de São Carlos/SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-02-28) Artussa, Lucimara; Monteiro, Maria Iolanda; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4189205834370563; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9979467850283870
This master's dissertation is linked to the research line State, Politics and Human Training, of the Postgraduate Program in Education - PPGE / UFSCar, under the guidance of Professor Maria Iolanda Monteiro. The research topics investigated are literacy and literacy, such as Public Policies for literacy and literacy with a focus on the first year of elementary school and elementary school and teaching reading and writing in the last stage of early childhood education. It is adopted as a research problem or process of literacy and transition in Early Childhood Education for the Elementary Education of Nine Years in the Education of the Teacher of São Carlos / SP and Public Policies for Basic Education and as General General process of literacy and transition in the last stage of Early Childhood Education for the first year of Elementary Education of Nine Years from the perspective of Public Policies for Basic Education and the conceptions of teachers who study these first two teaching classes in São Carlos / SP. It consists of qualitative research, Bogdan; Biklen, 2010; Ludke; André, 2014, in the form of a case study, which featured semi-structured interviews from four public schools in the municipality of São Carlos / SP, two teachers with experience in the last stage of Early Childhood Education and two with experience in the first year of elementary school for new years. A documentary analysis was also carried out, with the reading of the Pedagogical Political Project - PPP of the schools and the reading of documents of an official nature, including laws, decrees and opinions, with emphasis on the National Pact for Literacy in the Right Age - PNAIC and the Base National Common Curriculum - BNCC. For the analysis of the data, four axes of analysis were defined: Conceptions about literacy and literacy; Oral reports on teaching practices with reading and writing; Knowledge about Public Policies; and Conceptions about the transition from the last stage of Early Childhood Education to the first year of Elementary School. The reflections raised from the results are that thinking about literacy and literacy in this moment of the child's transition from one stage to another, is not thinking about anticipating the first year, transporting him to the Early Childhood Education room. The image of literacy does not have to be that of a small child suffering, leaning in front of an exhaustive page containing successive copies of the same word. It can be reinvented from early childhood education, without suffering or punishment for children, but that they can live literacy and literacy from an early age, building, from learning to learning, their path of success in acquiring reading techniques, writing and interpretation, autonomously interacting with the most diverse textual genres in their daily lives. In addition, teaching work, regardless of whether it is in Early Childhood Education or Elementary Education, requires a deepening of the different types of knowledge. It is not possible to support teaching only in practice, without failing to know the Public Policies involved in the pedagogical work and the consultation of different theoretical references that may support the pedagogical practice.
Programa de Formação Online de Mentores da UFSCar: contribuições para o desenvolvimento profissional de professores iniciantes participantes
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-02-28) Gobato, Paula Grizzo; Reali, Aline Maria de Medeiros Rodrigues; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3250195451890332; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1814877535345737
The main objective of this research is to analyze the mentoring actions that may have contributed to the possible professional development and teaching learning by the beginning teachers monitored in the Online Mentors Education Program. Specifically, it also seeks to answer the following research questions: Has the support of OMEP mentors assisted beginning teachers to overcome and/or minimize the early career difficulties recorded and diagnosed by mentors? If so, what were the difficulties overcome and/or minimized? What mentoring actions, developed by the mentors, contributed to the professional development of the beginning teachers from the perspective of the mentors? If no contributions have been identified, what are the reasons given? The theoretical references on which the present research was based take into account the characteristics and challenges of initial teacher training; the teacher's life cycle and its characteristics; training needs of beginning teachers; continuing teacher education for the beginning teacher; professional support programs for the beginning teacher; mentoring programs in Brazil; the knowledge base and the pedagogical reasoning process; the knowledge needed by a mentor; considerations about distance education, online teacher training and virtual learning environments. The research was based on a qualitative approach, based on an intervention research, with data analysis supported by the descriptive-interpretative methodology. The collected data come from the productions and activities carried out by the mentors regarding the monitoring of the beginning participants who completed the Online Mentors Education Program, featuring a documentary analysis; and answers to a questionnaire answered by the beginning teachers who agreed to answer it. The data were organized and then analyzed manually, looking for evidence that pointed to the training needs of the beginning teachers, mentoring actions carried out by the mentors and other information that contributed to the answers to the research questions. These data were classified in tables and frames. The results presented in this work indicate the profile of beginning teachers; the presence of the four categories of training needs - referring to students, referring to the curriculum, referring to the teacher and referring to the school as an organization - and how the mentors guided the PIs to assist them in overcoming or minimizing typical dilemmas. The analyzes show that, many times, the mentors chose to “give the fish”, instead of “teaching how to fish”, related metaphors that show the beginning teacher how to carry out the activities in teaching practice (“giving the fish”), or offering means, reflections and materials for the teacher to develop his skills (“teaching how to fish”). However, in most cases, the beginning teachers demonstrated that the mentoring process contributed positively to their professional development with practices and reflections that made the initial period less painful and lonely, offering alternatives to the characteristic feelings of this stage.
A categoria trabalho nos cadernos de sociologia do ensino médio da rede pública do estado de São Paulo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-02-28) Monzelli, Arthur Guilherme; Nascimento, Manoel Nelito Matheus; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4486910967478337; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4460985682530860
Esta disertación analiza el enfoque que el Material de apoio ao currículo do Estado de São Paulo: caderno do professor, referentes a la asignatura de sociología, o simplemente Cuadernos de sociología, concibe la categoría trabajo. Esos cuadernos fueron implantados desde 2008 en la red pública paulista de enseñanza y tienen dos versiones, la primera de ellas circuló en las escuelas estatales de São Paulo hasta 2013, y la segunda versión fue publicada en 2014, siendo utilizada hasta 2018. Las dos versiones serán analizadas en esta investigación. Lo problema que esta pesquisa ha propuesto a sí mismo a trabajar es lo siguiente: ¿la exposición de la categoría trabajo, presente en los Cadernos de sociologia, proporciona una formación general, crítica y científica a los estudiantes de la enseñanza pública o, en vez de eso, fomenta su entrenamiento para que ellos desenvuelvan habilidades interesantes al actual mundo del trabajo? La respuesta de esa indagación se desarrolla a través de la hipótesis de que los Cadernos de sociologia no realizan una adecuada contextualización histórica de la categoría trabajo, mucho menos se preocupan en exponerla en su expresión dialéctica, lo que implica una enseñanza superficial, ideológica e instrumental al mundo del trabajo. A fin de responder el problema de esta pesquisa, fue realizado un análisis documental de los Cadernos de sociologia, referentes al tercero bimestre del segundo grado de la escuela secundaria, instante en que los jóvenes estudiantes de la enseñanza pública paulista aprenden la temática del trabajo. Además, también fueran analizados los documentos oficiales que embazan los Cadernos de sociologia, esto es: la Proposta curricular de sociologia – 2º grau (1986), el Currículo do Estado de São Paulo (2008) y la Matriz de avaliação processual: filosofia e sociologia (2015). Paralela al análisis documental, fue realizado también una revisión bibliográfica de la categoría trabajo en la obra de Karl Marx, tanto en sus obras recientes cuanto en sus antiguos cuadernos de borrador. Por fin, los resultados de esta pesquisa son expresos en lo descubrimiento de cuatro dimensiones que se sobresalen en la exposición de la noción de trabajo de los Cadernos de sociologia, esto es: 1ª) dimensión ciclópica; 2ª) dimensión ideológica; 3ª) dimensión negligente e 4ª) dimensión de apología a la resignación, cuya existencia en estos cuadernos atestigua la hipótesis en lo inicio de la pesquisa.
Comportamento estratégico de micro e pequenas empresas paulistas de base tecnológica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-02-28) Musetti, Tiago Fernando; Alves Filho, Alceu Gomes; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7885557554922569; Torkomian, Ana Lúcia Vitale; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2321084184622795; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6952608852521337
This thesis aims to identify the main characteristics of strategic behavior in micro and small technology-bases firms. In the present competitive scenario, even more dynamic and uncertain, innovation can be a source of competitive advantage and economic growth. Technology-based firms innovate trying to remain competitive in the markets where they operate and the dynamic capabilities can help the development of innovation strategies in dynamic sectors. The research method in this thesis was made of two phases: the first one had a survey, whose results were analyzed using techniques such as: main components, factorial analysis, cluster analysis and multiple correspondence analysis. In the second phase, a study of five cases was carried out, containing information collected via semi structured interviews by means of content analysis. The multiple correspondence analysis showed that micro and small technology-based firms which have a Research and Development (R&D) department and carried out radical and/or incremental innovations during the years 2015 to 2017, were founded from researches conducted in universities. Besides analyses correlation indicated that increases in investment taxes in R&D resulted in proportional raises in annual revenues of micro and small technology-based firms. The multiple case studies showed that micro and small technology-based firms tend to launch and improve processes, products and/or services, using technology resources, market research, R&D investments, employees, updating capability and costumer partnerships. Regarding the dynamic capability formation process, this theses observed that the detection micro foundation is influenced by the development of reliable strategic partnerships with extern agents, specially by the costumer; the mobilization micro foundation is influenced by technological development to explore market opportunities and meet costumer’s needs; and the reconfiguration micro foundation is influenced by external factors, such as partnership with costumers and internal factors, such as technological development. Finally, it was possible to identify evidence from micro and small technology-based firms which put and effort into their formation of dynamic capabilities, defined innovation and competitive strategies, invested on R&D their innovative performance by means of launching and improvement of processes, products and/or services.
Impacto da deleção oócito-específica de Rad51 sobre o DNA mitocondrial e a divisão meiótica em murinos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-02-28) Grejo, Mateus Priolo; Chiaratti, Marcos Roberto; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0392078007500289; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6363934408551261
RAD51 is a protein of eukaryotic organisms, with a central role in the DNA repair pathway by homologous recombination. Its function in the nucleus of somatic cells is well established, being necessary for the maintenance of the cell cycle. RAD51 is also imported into the mitochondria, where it plays an important role in the replication of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) under conditions of replicative and oxidative stress. RAD51 is essential for initial embryogenesis, however, little is known about its function in the oocyte. Considering the importance of homologous recombination during meiosis, we hypothesized that RAD51 is essential for the oocyte development. Regarding the mitochondria, since mtDNA is intensely replicated during oocyte growth, it is possible that RAD51 is also determinant for this organelle in the oocyte. In this sense, in the present study, we used an animal model with oocyte-specific deficiency of RAD51 to investigate the role of this recombinase during oogenesis. As a result, we found that RAD51 is expendable for oocyte growth and ovulation. This conclusion was supported by the ovulation of a normal amount of knockout oocytes (Rad51-/-), which presented an organization of the meiotic spindle comparable to that of wild type oocytes. Furthermore, there was no impact of RAD51 deficiency on the number of mtDNA copies in the oocyte. Despite this, analysis at the transcriptional and protein level confirmed the oocyte-specific deletion of RAD51. As a conclusion, we can state that RAD51 is dispensable during the final development of the oocyte, from the primary follicle to ovulation. Its deficiency alone does not result in any evident impact on meiotic progression or mtDNA stability.
Força e atividade elétrica dos músculos do quadril de indivíduos com osteoartrite de quadril
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-02-28) Melo, Cristiane de Sousa; Selistre, Luiz Fernando Approbato; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1776458133234039; Serrão, Paula Regina Mendes da Silva; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2917658715637353; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5515131660882889
Introduction: Osteoarthritis (OA) is an inflammatory and degenerative joint's disease. The individuals affected by OA hip (OAH) can present a clinical alterations of gait, pelvic instability and the reduction of the quality of life. The following risk factors suggest the development of OAH how reduction in the strength of the periarticular muscles, can alterations changes in the muscular activation patterns. However, there is poor knowledge about the clinical picture in non-advanced degrees of hip's osteoarthritis. Objectives: This work aim's to analyze the strength and the electrical activity of hip's joint muscles, the functional impairment and their impacts on the quality of life of individuals affected by the OAQH considering the initial and moderate degrees of the disease in comparison with healthy individuals. Materials and methods: This work analyzed 62 individuals of both genders considering the age group from 40 to 74 years old. They will be divided into 2 groups as follows: the control group (n=30) composed by individuals without hip's osteoarthritis diagnosis (healthy individuals) and the hip's osteoarthritis group (n=32) composed by individuals diagnosed with the hip's osteoarthritis in levels II and III (based on the Kellgren's and Lawrence's criterions,1957). The individuals' assessmented is composed of the following analysis: anthropometric measurements, functional tests sit and stand, 40-meter walk up and down steps. Assessment strength concentric and eccentric isokinetic performance of the abductors and adductors, flexors and extensors, medial and lateral hip rotators, an used isokinetic dynamometer was used Biodex Multi Joint System III, at 30º/s. The analysis of the electrical activity of the rectus femoris, gluteus maximus and medius muscles was performed synchronized to the isokinetic evaluation. Results: The three functional tests were significantly different in relation to the CG (p <0.001). In the concentric isokinetic evaluation, a difference was found for the Abductor (p = 0.002), Adductor (p = 0.03) and Medial Rotation Torques (p = 0 , 03), with GOAQ lower values, for Eccentric Torques were Abduction (p = 0.0038), Flexion (p = 0.006) and Medial Rotation (p = 0.005), with GOAQ also demonstrated lower values. Conclusion: With the results of the present study, we can suggest that in the initial degrees of OAQ there is already a deficit in muscle strength, both concentric and eccentric, of the periarticular muscles of the hip and functional deficits. Regarding electrical activity, only the gluteus maximus in eccentric abduction changed.
Política de ampliação do ensino fundamental para nove anos: percepções de professoras de uma escola da rede municipal de São Carlos - SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-02-28) Silva, Jaqueline Cristina da; Ramos, Géssica Priscila; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2573340489166336; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2890592443234542
This research is inserted in the discussion field of enlargement of the primary education to nine years of duration, officialized, in Brazil, by the Law Nr. 11.274, in 2006. This law changed the length of primary education from eight to nine years, and defined the obligatory enrollment starting from 6 years old. The main objective of this study consists of analysing the perceptions from acting teachers in the three initial years of primary education about the implementation of such politics in the city of São Carlos/SP, having as reference the definitions of official documents from the Enlargement Program of the Primary Education to Nine Years, and the results of the most relevant researches in the subject. As methodological procedures, we used the documental research, the bibliographical research and semi-structured interviews with three acting teachers in the initial years of one public school in São Carlos/SP. We noted that, against so many publications, imprecisions, and amid so many mandatories from MEC, not everything that could be a potential factor for improvement in primary education actually occurred. Even though the official documents guided the realization of a reflection and a reorganization of the curriculum from primary education, the participant teachers of this research claimed that have not occurred collective discussions, not even a curriculum change, but, yes, a simple adaptation from previous years materials. Besides that, yet the documents indicated the necessity of restructuring of the space and the environment of the school, taking into account the singular characteristics of the smaller children, those aspects were not considered according to the interviewees. The playing, in its turn, highlighted by MEC as a fundamental specificity of the child, neither was incorporated as part of the routine of the children from primary years, as revealed. These situations were also recognized in the researches found in the databases, indicating that exist many aspects needing discussion and revision in the politics and in the practice of nine years primary education in Brazil. Thus, we can infer that the lacking of clarity and support by MEC, beyond the documents, as the amount of activities that popped up in the form of laws, programs or national assessments during the implementation of the Program, collaborated to education professionals attitudes based on individualized immediacy and spontaneity. This means that the nine years primary education in Brazil can be functioning like the studied school in this work, i.e., without an effective reflexion, discussion and legal and theoretical reasoning about the subject, reproducing, in practice, only the daily and previous experiences of the professionals from the former eight years primary education. Because of that, each school can be achieving different conclusions and conceptions, executing the politics from a particular and quick interpretation.
Sinais de dotação em estudantes medalhistas da Obmep: um estudo de caso
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-02-28) Oliveira, Lais Paloma de; Rangni, Rosemeire de Araújo; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6399149504309769; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3702524573291150
Brazil has a low number of enrollments of students with Giftedness and Talent in basic education, in view of the numbers suggested in the literature of the area on the incidence of the phenomenon. The Brazilian Mathematics Olympiad of Public Schools (OBMEP) is a competition that reaches an expressive number of students in the country, rewarding those who obtain better performances in their tests. The general objective of this research was to investigate and analyze the existence of giftedness signs in students who have participated and won medals in one of the editions of OBMEP in two cities in the inland of the state of São Paulo. The specific objective was to compare characteristics proposed in the literature on Giftedness and Talent in mathematics and the signs of Giftedness observed in medalists. The study was characterized as qualitative, being a multiple case study. Two OBMEP medalist students and four teachers participated in the research. The data were collected by the teachers' responses to the Direct Observation Guide in the Classroom, considering classes with OBMEP medalist students for whom they taught. The academic results of the medalist students were also used and in one of the case studies there was an interview. The results suggest the existence of Giftedness signs in both medalists in the intellectual domain and the students' academic evaluations expressed above average. The two students investigated were indicated in the same ten (10) items, in the Observation Guide of a total of 31, and, all of these characteristics are similar to the literature descriptions about students with Giftedness, especially in the mathematical area. The interview applied to one of the medalist students also met the indications of the specialized literature in the area of Giftedness, as it was possible to find important similarities between characteristics of Intellectual Giftedness and the signs observed and indicated by the teachers of the medalist students. In the interview, it became clear the need to consider the student's interest in the topic when promoting the development of skills. Despite the limitations regarding the instruments used and the time to carry out the study, it was found that they are potential to advance in the identification of students with Intellectual Giftedness if the excellent performance of some students at OBMEP is considered.