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"Transparência": produção e circulação de uma fórmula discursiva do neoliberalismo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-03-11)
Damaceno, Livia Beatriz
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Salgado, Luciana Salazar
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5206927424265495
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0392827195436722
This research is carried out within the scope of the French discourse analysis (according to the discipline's current guidelines, discussed, among others, in MAINGUENEAU, 2015) about the term “transparency”, which we hypothesized to be a discursive formula for meeting, in its current circulation , to the properties proposed by the theory of Krieg-Planque (2010), which are: to be a crystallized formal structure, to function in a discursive dimension, to have a controversial character and to establish itself as a social referent. The theme investigated in the research is important for understanding part of the current political situation, as it materializes in different social groups, considering that, in the data observed preliminarily, “transparency” is often placed as a condition for the functioning institutions. The survey of the occurrences of the term and its variants (such as, for example, “transparent”) occurs through the notion of route (MAINGUENEAU, 2015). The collection of occurrences is made from the Google applications (Google Search, Google Trends, Google Alerts), from the DuckDuckGo search engine, in three different internet protocols (IPs) and disconnected from Google accounts, in order to diversify the results, avoiding the personal device bias. The analysis of the senses mobilized by the social actors to understand the discursive dimension and the controversial dimension of the formula, and thus turn to the circulation of that expression, in order to understand a little of the practices that crystallize and, at the same time, are instituted by she. In addition, the discursive functioning of power relations that permeate these practices is explored. That is, the disputes for meaning between institutions and subjects, which occur in a given public space and at a given time, the way in which subjectivities adapted to the production and acceptance of neoliberal politics and economics are produced. The research concludes that this formula works as a supposed cure for corruption, therefore it has a positive, desirable and unquestionable value, at the same time that it is a vector of demonization of what is not transparent.
Morte celular programada em microalgas verdes cocoides e seus possíveis efeitos ecológicos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-03-11)
Barreto Filho, Marcelo Malisano
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Bagatini, Inessa Lacativa
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3904631503604006
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0468090117029698
Programmed cell death may have important intra and inter-specifics effects in phytoplanktonic populations, and consequently in the ecology of freshwater ecosystems. However, before any ecological studies or evolutionary interpretations, it is essential to document the phenotypic changes associated with PCD since the morphotypes and markers may be different in the same organism in response to different environmental stimuli, implying in different ecology evolutionary interpretations. Moreover, these interpretations can also be conflicting due to incorrect application and interpretation of the measures and markers of PCD. Thus, in Chapter 1, we presented a systematic review of the different methods and measures of PCD, and offered suggestions as how PCD should be measured in eukaryotic phytoplankton. Additionally, in chapter 2 we provided a first-time report of PCD in Ankistrodesmus densus, a member of the important microalgal group of the family Selenastraceae (Chlorophyta, Chlorophyceae, Sphaeropleales). Based on our revision, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) appears essential, as the first approach, for properly detecting PCD. Ultrastructural images should be compared and complemented with biochemical and genetic assays. In order of preference, we suggested DNA laddering and PS externalization. Biochemical markers such as caspase activity and the increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) should be used with caution since these are not specific enough for PCD. Therefore, we have used ultrastructural morphological changes, PS externalization and DNA laddering to document PCD in A. densus in response to darkness, nitrogen starvation, and heat and cold shock. Our findings suggest that light and nitrogen deprivation may lead to a small but significant fraction of community to undergo PCD. On the other hand, we also present evidence that different death morphotypes can emerge in A. densus depending on different environmental inducers, which is essential for the interpretation of the results of ecological studies. Moreover, our results indicate that the vacuolar/autophagic like cell death morphotype existed in single-celled green microalgae (Chlorophyta) before land plants evolved and might have been an important development for tissue homeostasis in higher multicellular plants.
Gestão por processos como alternativa para a melhoria da gestão de demanda do almoxarifado da Universidade Federal de São Carlos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-03-11)
Teixeira, Simone Aparecida Mierro
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Lizarelli, Fabiane Letícia
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4525431419326559
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8478828333517025
Materials Management is the set of activities developed by an organization in order to supply the users' needs with the materials necessary for the normal performance of their respective duties, thus avoiding losses to the parties involved. In this context, the present study aims to analyze the activities developed in the Warehouse Department - DeAlm, which corresponds to a Central warehouse of the Universidade Federal de São Carlos - UFSCar, located in the São Carlos campus, responsible for the supply of materials, and related activities, for all units, administrative or academic at the São Carlos campus, as well as the campi de Araras and Lagoa do Sino, and, eventually, for the Sorocaba campus. Through the use of process management, an analysis of the current situation of the processes carried out by DeAlm was developed in order to develop proposals for improvements to it, and, in particular, for aspects related to demand management and stock management. The research methodology used to carry out this work was a research of a descriptive and exploratory nature, where, through the case study, information was collected on the DeAlm structure, its processes, its stocks and the control of existing information. In addition to this information survey, other bibliographic or legislation sources were considered. Through the analysis of the mapping of the current situation of the studied processes, twelve proposals for improvements related to demand and stock management and to the service of customers using the DeAlm services were identified. The proposals prepared seek to improve the stock control system, avoid stockouts, implement performance indicators that can assist in the planning, execution and control of the activities carried out by DeAlm. In addition, the proposals seek to reduce uncertainties and build a reliable record history for checking and choosing demand forecasting methods that best adapt to the reality of DeAlm users, in addition to assisting DeAlm customers in executing their orders and planning both to perform and to receive their orders, thus preventing the units from having their routine activities hampered by the lack of material.
Coparentalidade: evidências teoricamente fundamentadas para validar a escala da relação coparental (versão brasileira)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-03-11)
Carvalho, Thaís Ramos de
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Barham, Elizabeth Joan
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9868595523538592
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6843243247683868
Coparenting is a term used to refer to how parents (or other parental figures) interact, when deciding how to handle their parenting roles. The coparental relationship has important effects on children’s development and the well-being of parents. The Coparenting Relationship Scale, an instrument developed to evaluate coparenting, has already undergone a cross-cultural adaptation process for use in Brazil, where it is called the Escala da Relação Coparental (ERC). The objective of the present study was to look for evidence, based on theoretical concepts of accuracy and validity of the ERC, based on its internal structure (using confirmatory factor analysis and tests for invariance) and association with external variables (to examine discriminant validity and correlations with tests that evaluate related constructs). Data were collected with 433 parents (238 mothers and 195 fathers) who had at least one child of up to 6 years of age. In addition to the ERC, instruments were applied to evaluate the relationships among ERC scores and measures of: (a) social desirability (to examine discriminant validity), (b) child adjustment, (c) marital satisfaction, (d) depression, (e) parental stress, and (f) social skills. Based on a confirmatory factor analysis, the internal structure of the Brazilian ERC included the same six factors that had satisfactory levels of reliability, and that formed the original American structure. In addition, there was evidence for invariance of the structure of the instrument, in relation to gender, at the configural, metric and scalar levels. With respect to accuracy, all ERC subscales presented values considered to be acceptable or satisfactory. With respect to evidence of discriminant validity, statistically significant correlations were found between only two ERC factors (undermining and conflict) and the total score of the social desirability instrument, and only for fathers. With respect to marital status and depression, most of the correlations were significant, which supports the study hypotheses. For child adjustment and parental stress, a significant number of correlations was observed, but for social skills, most of the correlations were not significant and these results differed from the study hypotheses. In addition, some correlations between the ERC subscales and the social skills instrument, although significant, were in the opposite direction than was expected, for the mothers. These results provide substantial evidence for the accuracy and validity of the ERC, besides confirming theoretical concepts about variables associated with the coparenting relationship. However, two limitations of the study were the low number of participants who responded to each of the instruments (with the exception of the ERC) and the low variability of responses for some of the constructs being evaluated, making it difficult to verify the existence of the expected correlations. Finally, it is noteworthy that the development of a brazilian instrument to evaluate coparenting, that has satisfactory evidence of accuracy and validity, may be useful in the context of scientific research as well as in intervention settings.
Vídeo ao vivo no Teat(r)o Oficina: intermidialidade em Cacilda!!!! - fábrica de cinema e teatro
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-03-11)
Vinagre, Ivan Augusto Soares
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Paiva, Samuel José Holanda de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7222933274927263
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9062948103567675
In this dissertation, according to theories of the field of intermediality, I propose an exploration of the play "Cacilda!!!! - cinema and theater factory", staged by Teat(r)o Oficina in 2013. I want to demonstrate how live video production practices have been perfected by the group over its 60 years of activity, as well as it's implications over the casting, music and stage direction involved in the play.
Percepções sobre sexualidade e gênero de professoras no ensino de ciências: um estudo de caso
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-03-11)
Marques, Jéssica Karine
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Bozzini, Isabela Custódio Talora
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0853746645322544
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3632781863178771
Sexuality education is a controversial topic and, at the same time, it is considered a taboo by society. Systematically, the theme has been discussed in different ways and nomenclatures by the public authorities, by social movements and media and in formal, non-formal and informal spaces, when talking about education. The objective of this research was to understand what are the teachers' perceptions about gender, sexuality and their relations in Science Teaching in a public elementary school II and how these perceptions interfere in the approach of this theme in the classroom. We carried out a case study and the tools used to carry out the research were: semi-structured interviews with school teachers; analysis of the School's Pedagogical Political Project (PPP) and the textbook used; analysis of didactic sequences that dealt with the topic directly or indirectly. We use Discursive Textual Analysis (DTA) as an interpretative and analytical tool for the data collected, since this work aimed to deepen the understanding of the investigated phenomena from a rigorous and judicious analysis. After the transcripts of the interviews and the unification of the speeches, we arrived at two categories: aspects of the teaching profession and aspects related to the content. The research showed that the teachers interviewed did not have specific discussions about sexuality and gender in initial and continuing education. According to the interviewees, they discuss in class what is geared towards anatomy and physiology, that is, characteristics, organ functioning, reproduction and STIs. However, the literature indicates the need for training that is guided by an understanding in which sexuality is worked in a way that goes beyond biological determinism, thus, it is possible to open spaces for discussions about sexuality in the cultural and social field, understanding gender inequalities in order to combat discrimination and violence.
Esgoto doméstico tratado como fonte de nutrientes no cultivo hidropônico do morangueiro
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-03-11)
Figueiredo, Caroline Goulart
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Sala, Fernando César
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6771975466075202
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Souza, Claudinei Fonseca
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4858219292242433
With the growth of the world population and the consequent increase in demand for food, the agricultural sector will be impacted, resulting in greater consumption of water and nutrients to meet the demands of agricultural crops. Thus, the use of treated domestic sewage can be an alternative to ensure the use of nutrients and promote the rationalization and conservation of water bodies. This study aimed to compare the production, quality and nutritional status of strawberries grown in a hydroponic system using conventional nutrient solution and treated domestic sewage, seeking savings in the use of fertilizers. The experiment was carried out in an agricultural greenhouse in an NFT hydroponic system (Nutrient Laminar Flow Technique) with three treatments: (TA) consisting of drinking water and chemical fertilizers, (TRA) reused water supplemented with chemical fertilizers and (TR) drinking water. reused. Each treatment consisted of four cultivation benches, a motor pump system, timer and 500 L container for storage of nutrient solution. In each bench, four hydroponic profiles with capacity for 12 plants were used, totaling 48 plants per bench and 192 per treatment. The benches were divided into four randomized blocks. The nutrient content of the reused water was compared to the conventional nutrient solution, the amount of nutrients used in the treatments, the microbiological quality of the fruits, the nutritional status of the plants and the quantitative and qualitative aspects of the fruits. The TR treatment showed a significant difference when compared to the others, with visual symptoms of nutritional deficiency in the plants, lower productivity, more acidic fruits and smaller diameter. The content of soluble solids was not altered by the treatments, as well as the microbiological quality of the fruits, which did not indicate the presence of Escherichia coli. The use of reused water to compose the nutrient solution made it possible to obtain savings of 33% in chemical fertilizers in the TRA treatment, compared to TA. The reused water when supplemented meets all the parameters of the strawberry culture, being equivalent to the cultivation with conventional nutrient solution.
Formação de professores de ciências e educação inclusiva: um olhar para os indicadores sociais das regiões Sul e Sudeste
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-03-11)
Lagassi, Paloma Laurea
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Furlan, Elaine Gomes Matheus
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3179865576965852
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Bazon, Fernanda Vilhena Mafra
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4400597671073289
One of the topics of great importance for current education is the inclusion of pupils with disabilities and / or special educational needs (SENs), and we must analyze how this process has taken place. Relevant factor for the analysis is the guarantee of enrollment to this portion of students established in our legislations since the Federal Constitution of 1988. The enrollments of these students in regular spaces of schooling have as one of their main challenges the training of teachers to act with the diversity of the student. Thus, this research aimed to analyze the social indicators of the school census on the formation and profile of teachers in the area of Sciences, graduated in degrees in Physics, Chemistry and Biological Sciences, in view of the assumptions of inclusive education. In order to meet this objective, the microdata of the school census was analyzed, considering the information about the initial and continuous training area of these teachers in the perspective of inclusive education. The microdata from the years 2007 to 2017 were analyzed through historical-dialectical materialism, and their discussion was based on the theoretical framework linked to Historical-Critical Pedagogy and Historical-Cultural Theory. The results of this research reveal that there is a very small number of teachers working in the public network who have in their main education subjects focused on attending the SEN or the Brazilian Sign Language (LIBRAS), as well as teachers who have continuing education in Special Education, which did not exceed 0.39% in 2017. Moreover, the analysis of microdata when dealing with teacher hiring shows that precarious and temporary hiring bonds are becoming increasingly naturalized, contributing to greater challenges in the school environment. This research recognizes that although data collection for the school census finds weaknesses, these do not diminish the importance of research that focuses on microdata, since they guide new policies and actions in education, including financing proposals. It is essential, therefore, to know the limitations of the school census database, but at the same time to study it, as it allows us to draw both an overview of enrollments of students with disabilities and / or SEN over the years, how much to understand the characteristics of formation basic education teachers.
Evaluation of filter media with fiber layer produced by the centrifugal spinning method with biocidal effect
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-03-12)
Salussoglia, Ana Isabela Pianowski
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Tanabe, Eduardo Hiromitsu
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9778700143605069
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Aguiar, Mônica Lopes
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0431688649128529
This study aimed to evaluate the air filtration performance of the fiber layer, produced by centrifugal spinning equipment, adhered to the surface of a commercial filter media applied to the internal ventilation system. Also, to investigate the antimicrobial effect of the thyme essential oil added to the fiber layer for Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. For this purpose, filter media were produced varying the operating conditions of the equipment, the type of solvent and the substrate. The characteristics of the fiber layer (fiber diameter, porosity, pore size), filtration performance (pressure drop, permeability and collection efficiency of nano and microparticles) and the biocidal effect were analyzed. It was found that the combination of the use of VCS and substrates with different permeabilities led to the formation of a fiber layer with different characteristics; the more permeable the substrates, the lower the porosity of the formed fiber layer. The increase in the power of the VCS promoted an increase in production of fibers, with the decrease in the size of the fibers and the porosity of the fiber layer, consequently, increase in the pressure drop; the collection time had a strong effect on the fiber diameter, in which the longer collection time increased the fiber diameter. The addition of the fiber layer decreased the permeability of the filter medium, increased the pressure drop and the collection efficiency. The investigation of the substrate covered by PAN fibers produced from solutions with dimethylformamide (DMF) and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) indicated that the filter media DMF and DMSO had similar collection efficiency. This may indicate that the DMSO solvent promoted stronger and more consistent polarization of the PAN chains than the DMF solvent, increasing the collection of particles from the DMSO filter medium. The DMSO filter medium was expected to have less collection efficiency than DMF because the DMSO filter medium had a smaller fiber diameter and pore size than DMF and values close to surface porosity. In the study of the filtration performance of pure substrate and substrate covered by PAN fibers, the collection efficiency of micro and nanoparticles was evaluated. For the collection efficiency of nanoparticles, the collection efficiency had an increase of about 20% with the addition of PAN fibers. For the collection efficiency of microparticles, at the beginning of the experiment, the substrate showed a collection efficiency of 50.5% and the covered substrate of 71.0%. After 30 minutes of filtration, the substrate remains in deep filtration, while the addition of the fiber layer promoted surface filtration, which significantly increased the collection efficiency to 97.2%. Finally, the fibers were spun in the same operating conditions on the substrate with essential thyme oil. The filter medium was named 5THY when the thyme essential oil was added to the PAN solution and THY when the essential oil of thyme was sprayed on the filter medium after the production of the fiber layer. The filter media covered with fibers showed a greater pressure drop and collection efficiency of micro and nanoparticles and less permeability than the substrate. THY showed higher collection efficiency than the substrate and 5THY, 99% for microparticles and 58% for nanoparticles. Through the antimicrobial test, it was found that THY showed a 99.999% reduction for the bacteria Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. While 5THY had a reduction of 15.5 and 89.0%, respectively. In the 5THY filter, the essential oil was added to the fibers before spinning, this may have caused the trapping and/or evaporation of the essential oil and, thus, reduced the reduction of bacteria.
Heidegger e o problema da origem da negatividade a partir do fenômeno do nada
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-03-12)
Silva, Taciane Alves da
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Valentim, Marco Antonio
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3587138963940370
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Santos, Paulo Roberto Licht dos
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1681044854219924
Nowhere else in the itinerary of Being and Time (1927) does Heidegger explicitly problematize the status of the nothing inherent in the structure of being of human existence when, from the notion of nullity, he recognizes in § 58 the unfounded (finite) character of Dasein. Regarding the clarification of nothingness, negativity (Nichtheit), latent in the existential structure of nullity, as an index of finitude, the ultimate meaning and significance of both are left, in Being and Time, as a task to be accomplished. Based on this diagnosis, this thesis proposes to investigate the ontological-metaphysical meaning of the phenomenon of nothingness, starting from the hypothesis that the problem can be taken as a guiding thread to understand a significant part of Heidegger's investigative path, mainly the path that extends from 1912 to 1939. It is intended to maintain that such a conducting thread has a fundamental and systematic character, insofar as, to be elucidated, it demands the determination of the status of the relationship between ontology, metaphysics and logic in the Heideggerian thought itinerary. Thus, far from being, at first sight, a circumstantial concern regarding the leitmotiv of Heidegger's thought, Seinsfrage, the question of nothingness and finitude would be central to the development, subsequent to the publication of SZ, of his metaphysics project. As a consequence, in raising the problem of the origin of negation, the concept of nothing would allow to establish the place occupied by logic itself within ontology and metaphysics. It is precisely the problem of the sense of nothingness that, in his historical-deconstructive record, allows Heidegger's critical confrontation (Auseinandersetzung) with Hegel, since, as an essential theme, negativity is investigated both in the Hegelian system, which represents the consummation of the history of Western metaphysics, as well as the history of metaphysics in general. In this sense, in spite of Heidegger's thematization of nothingness as a finiteness of being apparently opposed to the infinite power of negativity in the Hegelian logical-metaphysical system, we intend to maintain that there is a deep affinity between Hegel's and Heidegger's positions. If this hypothesis of an assumption common to both is correct, it will be possible not only to understand the scope of the problem opened by the concept of nothing in the Heideggerian Denkweg, but also to open a perspective, not explained by Heidegger, to thematize the very origin of nothing from its anthropogenic character.
Formas plurais de governança no transporte de cana-de-açúcar no setor sucroenergético: estudos de caso em usinas brasileiras
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-03-12)
Dornfeld, Hugo Carlos
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Paulillo, Luiz Fernando de Oriani e
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9919942357089937
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3803942037472361
The study of plural forms is the subject of several works carried out by researchers of organizational economics, under the perspective of various theoretical currents, however, there is still no consolidated and comprehensive theoretical framework that explains the reason for its emergence. In this thesis, the theories related to Transaction Cost Economics (TEC) were used, focusing on the way in which companies organize their activities and how they control their internal and external transactions. ECT is one of the most complex theories of organizational economics, because it considers that economic agents interact in order to reduce not only the operation or production costs, but also those related to transaction costs. The plural forms in transactions have been studied in various economic activities and in different areas of the sugar-energy sector, nevertheless, there is no research in the area of sugarcane transport. In the sugar-energy sector, several ways are used to govern raw material transport transactions from the field to industry, from those based on vertical integration to those related to market negotiations, passing through short, medium and long term contracts, which are called hybrid forms. The main aim of this study was to identify and analyze the determinants that guide agents to choose the plural forms in sugarcane transport coordination in the researched mills, as well as to verify the diversity and temporal stability in the transaction governance structures. For this, case studies were performed in a quantity and qualitative approach in ten mills, in different Brazilian states, with different governance types in the raw material transport, using semi-structured questionnaires with open and closed questions. The results indicated that in most of the selected mills there was a plurality in the coordination of sugar cane transport, with the use of different governance forms (market, hybrid forms and vertical integration). There was stability and diversity in the mills that practiced plural forms over the 11 years sampled and there was no trend for the use of only one form in the sugarcane transport. This study demonstrated that the determining factors for the use of governance plural forms were the attributes frequency, degree of uncertainty and asset specificity. All of these attributes were positive and statistically relevant in the statistical models (Poisson Regression and Ordinary Least Squares) used in this study, regarding the use of plural forms of governance structures. From the qualitative and quantitative analyses, it can be concluded that the adoption of plural forms has generated greater operational security and more competitive advantages in relation to transport costs. In this way, the plural forms of the sugarcane transport governance attended to the operational, logistical, financial and security objectives of the evaluated mills better than if single structures were used, reducing transaction costs.
Os Yanonami e o projeto Yaripo: transformações e turismo em Maturacá
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-03-12)
Goulart, Leon Terci
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Andrello, Geraldo Luciano
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5447074379881029
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6282732505059521
This dissertation is the result of field research whose objective was the study of the Yanomami of Maturacá (Rio Negro region, São Gabriel da Cachoeira, Amazonas) participation in the elaboration and implementation of the Projeto Yaripo, which is an ecotourism activity proposal whithin the Terra Indígena Yanomami and the Parque Nacional do Pico da Neblina. Beyond the indigenous participation, the project counts with the envolvement of many state institutions and a non-governmental organization – Instituto Chico Mendes de Conservação da Biodiversidade (ICMBio), Fundação Nacional do Índio (FUNAI), Exército Brasileiro and Instituto Socioambiental (ISA). Thus, the etnography focused on the relations between the Yanomami and the “partners” of the project – in other words, on the intensification of a wide interethnic network of interactions –, on the political relations internal to the yanomami communities and on the local understandings about the tourism activity and about the places reserved for it. Although the beginning of visitation to Yaripo – as the Yanomami call the Pico da Neblina – had not begun during the fieldwork, I suggest here that the indigenous participation in the Projeto Yaripo has already produced multiple effects in Maturacá.
Atratores pullback para uma equação de difusão não autônoma com retardo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-03-12)
Furtado, Izabella Durante Temporini
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Nascimento, Marcelo José Dias
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7133572787875912
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7381763229720333
Our goal in this work is to study a nonautonomous parabolic differential equation. We are going to show some results about existence of pullback attractors for this type of problem and for the equation without the delay.
Base de conhecimento para o ensino nas licenciaturas em matemática: uma análise das concepções dos professores formadores sobre suas práticas pedagógicas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-03-12)
Zero, Beatriz de Macêdo
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Silva, João Ricardo Neves da
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5821775579111920
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2667613700491844
This research aims to: analyze conceptions from teacher educators in Mathematics on their pedagogical practices and relate them to the elements of knowledge base for the teaching proposed by Shulman (1987) – such concepts were explored through the narratives that teachers brought about their practices; survey which instruments and methodological strategies are composed as teacher educators’ pedagogical practices and to verify if teachers think about the possibilities of construction of the elements of the knowledge base for the initial training of new teachers. It is a qualitative research carried out through a field study. Teachers with a degree in Mathematics from three Brazilian public institutions were invited to participate in an online questionnaire related to their education, professional experiences, and practices (pedagogical practices). Subsequently, a sample was selected and interviewed for a better understanding of the documents' discourse and deepening of the questionnaire. The speeches selected in the interviews about pedagogical practices could be articulated to the elements of the knowledge base for teaching and to the processes of reasoning and pedagogical action. The data show that teachers present conceptions about what they do and highlight possibilities of actions on various problems that can be overcome through the elements of the base.
Explorando a avaliação de sumários automáticos multidocumento multilíngues
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-03-12)
Nascimento, Darlan Xavier
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Di Felippo, Ariani
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8648412103197455
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2532304328121248
Multilingual Multi-Document Automatic Summarization (MMDS) is a computational task through which a summary is produced in a target language from a collection of at least two news stories which address the same subject, one in the user’s language and the other(s) in foreign language(s). The scientific literature shows that not many researches approach methods which generate summaries in Portuguese. Based on the CF and CFUL summarization methods, the present thesis describes the development of a study whose goal was to refine the summary quality evaluation, by varying (i) the native language of the producers of the reference summaries, that is, summaries written by human subjects after reading the corresponding source texts and which are necessary for the automatic calculation of informativeness, and (ii) the compression rate (desired summary size). Furthermore, this thesis outlines the enlargement of the corpus used for the investigation of these methods through the addition of texts in German (the original corpus included content in Portuguese and English) and the production of four extracts for each of the twenty clusters. The results show that the reference summaries are slightly impacted by their writer’s native language, even though additional factors might be taken into account, such as the size of each source text and the content compatibility. Regarding the summarization methods, this study found that extracts with a lower compression rate performed better when it came to the automatic evaluation of informativeness and worse in the assessment of linguistic quality.
Data of Cerrado's tree crown networks
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-03-12)
Prado, Carlos Henrique Britto de Assis
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7561749470600567
Urban logistics in Sao Paulo city: a comparison between Top of the Pyramid and Base of the Pyramid regions
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-03-12)
Navarro, Héctor Ángel Ramírez
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Vieira, José Geraldo Vidal
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2068340476477363
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2163716384393943
The fast expansion of urban areas poses challenges for Fast-Moving Consumer Goods (FMCG) companies who want to provide products to small retailers, especially in the last-mile delivery, which is a complex process that is hindered by factors such as transit regulations; city infrastructure; and safety. These factors have different levels of impact, between high-income and low-income neighborhoods and are more evident in megacities in developing countries, where it exists a clear division between classes. On one hand, governments do not attend low-income neighborhoods, where it exists a strong presence of unsafe areas, lack of planning, and infrastructure that hinders the deliveries of FMCG. On the other hand, traffic regulations in high-income neighborhoods make the delivery process more complex. This study aims to analyze the urban logistics by comparing lowincome and high-income neighborhoods in Sao Paulo city, by taking into account local businesses, buying consumer behavior, and the distribution process. To achieve this, a questionnaire in loco will be applied to the stakeholders involved (consumers, small retailers, and carriers). The data will be analyzed by employing descriptive statistics in an exploratory and descriptive way. The results from small retailers, consumers, and carriers reveal that in their point of view the delivery of products is different between BOP and TOP. Factors such as the infrastructure of the neighborhoods hinder the delivery of products from companies to small retailers in TOP regions, while in BOP regions small retailers' security and infrastructure are the major problems in the point of view of the actors.
Optimization models and solution methods for inventory routing problems
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-03-13)
Álvarez Díaz, Aldair Alberto
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Morabito Neto, Reinaldo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4194801952934254
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Munari Junior, Pedro Augusto
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1328868140869976
Inventory management and distribution planning are essential activities for an efficient performance in the supply chain, especially for companies operating under the vendor-managed inventory business model. In this model, suppliers are allowed to manage the inventory levels and purchasing orders of their customers with the aim of reducing logistics and improving the supply chain performance. When inventory management and distribution planning are addressed in an integrated way in the vendor-managed inventory context, a challenging optimization problem arises, the inventory routing problem (IRP). In the IRP, a supplier is responsible for simultaneously determining the replenishment plan for its customers throughout a planning horizon as well as the vehicle routing and scheduling plan in each period such that a given performance measure is optimized. The integrated optimization of inventory management and distribution planning activities can provide significant competitive advantages for companies. However, despite its practical appeal and benefits, the IRP has received increasing attention only in the last years. Consequently, there is still a considerable lack of research regarding optimization models and specific solution methods for relevant practical variants of this problem. Thus, the objective of this thesis is to develop comprehensive mathematical models and effective solution methods for several IRPs. Relevant variants are considered to make the addressed problems as realistic as possible. Firstly, we describe the basic variant of the IRP and present a mathematical formulation for this problem. We then present two metaheuristic algorithms based on iterated local search and simulated annealing to solve this variant. Two different objective functions are considered. The results of extensive computational experiments using problem instances from the literature show that the presented metaheuristic algorithms effectively handle both objective functions, providing high-quality solutions within relatively short running times. In addition, the metaheuristics were able to find new best solutions for some of the benchmark instances. Then we shift to a practical variant of the IRP considering product perishability. This feature has a substantial relevance in the supply chain context given that in several industries, the raw materials, as well as intermediate and final products, are often perishable. Moreover, perishability may appear in more than one activity throughout the supply chain. We study a variant in which the product is assumed to have a fixed shelf-life with age-dependent revenues and inventory holding costs. We first introduce four different mathematical formulations and branch-and-cut algorithms to solve them. We also propose a hybrid heuristic based on the combination of an iterated local search metaheuristic and two mathematical programming components. The results of computational experiments show the different advantages of the introduced formulations and the effectiveness of our hybrid method when dealing with this variant as well as the basic variant of the problem. Finally, we focus on a stochastic variant of the IRP. Uncertainty plays a crucial role in supply chain management given that critical input data that are required for effective planning often are not known in advance. We address the basic variant of the IRP under the consideration that both the product supply and the customer demands are uncertain. We introduce a two-stage stochastic programming formulation and a heuristic solution method for this problem. From the results of extensive computational experiments, we show the response mechanisms of the optimal solutions under different uncertainty levels and cost configurations. We also show that the heuristic method effectively solves instances with a large number of scenarios. By investigating different practical constraints for the IRP and providing tailored effective solution methods for the studied variants, this thesis addresses problems arising in several logistics contexts and shows the adaptability of the basic variant of the IRP and how it can be used as a basis to study richer practical IRPs. It brings contributions for the supply chain optimization literature and for the development of tools for supporting decision-making in practice.
O Inventário de envolvimento paterno: estrutura teórica e ampliação de indicadores de validade e de precisão
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-03-13)
Santis, Ligia de
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Peixoto, Evandro Morais
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1872961522740682
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Barham, Elizabeth Joan
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9868595523538592
Father involvement is influenced by psychosocial factors in the lives of parents and children and is associated with the healthy development of children and the well-being of parents. A model of the interpersonal processes related to this construct, and a psychometrically sound instrument to measure father involvement would contribute to improving the quality of professional work in this area, in Brazil. The Inventory of Father Involvement (IFI) has been adapted for use in Brazil (the IFI-BR), and although initial evidence of its validity has already been demonstrated, further information is needed to support evidence-based practice. Thus, the objectives of the present study were to: (a) continue to investigate the validity of the IFI-BR, examining additional evidence of the internal validity of the instrument, and its relation with other constructs, (b) compare results for fathers who responded to the instrument in-person, or on-line, and (c) evaluate a processes model of father involvement. Participants included 1,085 fathers with children in early childhood education and primary school settings. They completed the IFI-BR, a sociodemographic questionnaire, the Perceived Stress Scale, and two of the following measures: a second measure of father involvement (the Paternal Engagement Questionnaire or the Parenting Practices Inventory), the Marlowe-Crowne Social Desirability Scale, the Social Skills Inventory - Del Prette, and the Preschool and Kindergarten Behavior Scale. In Study 1, estimators of the precision and evidence of the internal validity (using factor analysis) of the IFI-BR were analyzed, for two samples: (a) fathers with children in early childhood education settings and (b) fathers with children in grades one to five. Based on these results, suggestions were made for changing some of the items. In Study 2, evidence for the internal validity of the modified version of the IFI-BR was examined, confirming the nine-factor structure of the American version of the IFI with the Brazilian sample of fathers with children in preschool through to grade five. The precision of the nine factors varied from 0,611 ≤ ω ≥ 0,779. In Study 3, evidence was found with respect to: (a) convergent validity, and (b) associations with related constructs, for the IFI-BR. In Study 4, initial evidence of validity based on the internal structure of the on-line version of the measure was observed, confirming the American structure of the IFI, with adequate estimators of precision (0,608 ≤ ω ≥ 0,838). However, some differences were found in the level of father involvement and in the sociodemographic profile of each group of fathers. Finally, in Study 5, the interpersonal process model was evaluated, confirming that some demographic variables and the fathers’ social skills predict the quality of father involvement. Fathers’ stress seems to act both as a predictor and as an outcome of father involvement. These results indicate the potential of the IFI-BR in assessing the quality of father involvement with Brazilian fathers of children from early childhood education through to grade five, for both the in-person and on-line versions. In future studies, in addition to examining scores on the IFI-BR for fathers in contexts that may negatively affect the quality of their paternal involvement, efforts are also needed to capture information about the psychometric properties of the items and evidence based on: (a) criterion validity, (b) experimental and quasi-experimental studies, (c) response processes, and (d) consequences of testing. This instrument, combined with greater knowledge about interpersonal processes related to father involvement, in Brazil, will contribute to the quality of research work and professional interventions to support father involvement.
Avaliação funcional da interação entre os núcleos da rafe e o núcleo retrotrapezóide nas respostas ventilatórias à hipercapnia em ratos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-03-13)
Leirão, Isabela de Paula
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Colombari, Débora Simões de Almeida
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1684467594359403
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Zoccal, Daniel Breseghello
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1958567557189244
During hypercapnia, chemosensory cells located in the brainstem are stimulated and send excitatory inputs to the respiratory network to promote an increase pulmonary ventilation. Among the candidates responsible for central chemoreception are the raphe serotonergic neurons, which widely send projections to distinct respiratory compartments. In spite of the anatomical evidence, there are few functional studies demonstrating how the raphe serotonergic neurons interact with the respiratory network, specially other chemosensitive sites. Herein, we explored the hypothesis that the ventilatory response to hypercapnia depends, at least in part, on the stimulation of the raphe serotonergic neurons that send projections to the retrotrapezoid nucleus (RTN) - an important respiratory region of the ventromedullary surface that contains CO2/pH sensitive cells. To reach this goal, the pulmonary ventilation was evaluated under baseline conditions and during the exposure to hypercapnia in unanesthetized juvenile Holtzman rats (60 - 90 g) that received bilateral microinjections of the toxin anti-SERT-SAP (0.1 mM) in the RTN to selectively lesion serotonergic neurons that send projections to this region. Fifteen days after microinjections of anti-SERT-SAP in the RTN (n = 8), baseline respiratory frequency (f) and tidal volume (VT) were not different from control animals that received vehicle microinjections (n = 9). On the other hand, the specific ablation of RTN-projecting serotonergic neurons markedly attenuated the response of increase in the f, but not in the VT, observed during the exposure to 7% CO2. The impaired tachypneic response to hypercapnia induced by anti-SERT-SAP microinjections in the RTN was associated with reduced number of serotonergic neurons in the raphe obscurus and magnus, but not in the raphe pallidus. Our data support the idea that, in the absence of anesthesia, the activation of part of medullary raphe serotonergic neurons that send projection to the RTN are necessary for the processing of ventilatory reflex responses during the exposure to high CO2.