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Ressignificação da Ginástica na escola: proposta da Ginástica Para Todos na Educação Física anos iniciais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-04-16) Francisco, Maloá de Fátima; Couto, Yara Aparecida; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2348643816717796; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2553010335691515
Gymnastics for All is characterized by a manifestation of body culture that brings together the different interpretations of Gymnastics integrated with other forms of body expression in a free, creative and non-competitive way. In this sense, in order to give greater visibility to the new possibilities related to the teaching of Gymnastics for All and to contribute for this practice to be incorporated into Physical Education at school, this research aimed to develop and analyze an intervention process in class School Physical Education with Gymnastics for All content. The methodology based on the qualitative approach constituted a process of action research. Eighteen students from the 3rd year of elementary school in the early years of a municipal public school in the interior of São Paulo participated in the study. We carried out a total of thirteen interventions in a period of two months, corresponding to a two-month term. The technique for data collection involved: observations of classes recorded in diaries, which were recorded and transcribed for later analysis of the facts that occurred during the interventions. After intense reading of the data and articulation with the literature, we built two categories of analysis, being: 1. Pedagogical Teaching Processes; 2. Human Formation. Among the most outstanding results in category 1 are the teaching procedure that playfully and creatively contributed to the development of the contents organized and proposed according to the didactic pyramid for teaching Gymnastics for All, contemplating the manifestation of conceptual, procedural knowledge and attitudinal. With regard to category 2, Human Formation was subdivided into two subcategories called Advances and Setbacks in Human Formation. As the most noticeable advance, we highlight self-confidence. However, collective action as well as cooperation are also noteworthy, given that the students worked as a team for a common good, in this case, the choreographic composition. In the subcategory Retrocesses, the situations of disrespect and disorganization stood out for generating moments of indiscipline and demanding a directive teaching action to resolve conflicts. Analyzing the planning and intervention process, we identified Gymnastics for All present in the context.
Aplicação e avaliação de técnicas neuro-fuzzy para a elaboração de mapas de susceptibilidade a erosão
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-04-16) Serikawa, Vagner de Souza; Melanda, Edson Augusto; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1554762456965991; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6879267838469780
The objective of this thesis was to analyze and contrast the existing methodological models within the geographic information system, its techniques and indicators for environmental urban planning, aiming at building bases for smart cities To achieve the objectives, the following objectives were proposed: (a) elaborate an inventory of erosive processes in the study area; (b) generate a collection of cartographic documents; (c) build training bases for different models of artificial neural networks (one-layer perceptron neural network, multilayer perceptron neural network and ANFIS); and discuss the methods and methodologies for environmental urban planning The study area is the Monjolinho River Basin inserted in the municipalities of São Carlos and Ibaté, with an area of approximately 273,77km2. The method used included: the elaboration of an input data structure for Matlab®️, extracted from a data matrix of the maps elaborated in the ArcGIS®️ 10.5 desktop version software. The training was carried out in two phases, the first with a structure of 203,496 points, extracted from a regular matrix of 100x100m, in the second phase a new training was done, with some modifications in the structure, two models were trained, design 1 with crisps data and design 2 with data normalized between 0 and 1, using the perceptron method with a layer, with a 30x30m matrix, with 13,152, 355 representing erosions. In the process, the removal of tuples with invalid data (for example, values -9999), counting the number of occurrences of repeated tuples and ending the removal of repeated tuples, all these steps were done to equalize the imbalance of the classes, totaling 710 “non-erosion” and 355 “erosion” maintaining a 2 to 1 ratio With the new training, a model was sought to more accurately represent the occurrence of erosive processes, so it is necessary that the values that represent false negatives are low, as it is critical for the system to indicate that there is no erosion when it actually exists. In this sense, the perceptron network of design 2 was the one that presented the best results, presenting less occurrence of false negative values than design 1.
Simulação de comportamento de ligações semirrígidas entre vigas e pilares pré-fabricados por meio de modelagem computacional
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-04-16) Barlati, Gustavo Braceiro; Ferreira, Marcelo de Araújo; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4199122391532470; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7414742798790241
This study presents relevant aspects for the adequate use of computational models developed by the finite element method (FEM) as an instrument for investigating the behavior of precast structures, or to complement experimental tests. In order to do this, experimental tests were emulated. These tests investigated semi-rigid connections between precast beams and columns, using real-scale parts. Procedures for modeling elements on reinforced concrete were described, such as the definition of physical characteristics and constitutive models of elastic and plastic phases of materials, and an investigation of interactions between parts and definitions of contacts, presenting how to apply them on a finite element software (for this project the commercial software Abaqus was used). The conformity between numerical models and experimental tests was verified by performing comparisons of their results, such as force-displacement curves, rotation-moment, and stress-strain in the reinforcement bars. Once the convergence between models and tests is achieved, it is also realized, by means of parametric modeling, verification of the simplified method of calculating the secant stiffness and the rotation restriction factor for different negative reinforcement bars’ rates on the studied connections.
Perspectivas docentes sobre o ensino da educação física na educação infantil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-04-16) Lucca Junior, Julio Cesar de; Ramos, Glauco Nunes Souto; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0134679842280022; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0815528500252568
Since 2018, the municipal education network of São Carlos (state of São Paulo) started some works within the school units with the intention of implementing the Common National Base and to adhered to the collaboration regime for the elaboration of the São Paulo curriculum approved by the National Education Council. However, these documents do not explicitly address children's physical education. The objective of the present study was to analyze the perspectives of Physical Education teachers on the teaching of this curricular component in early childhood education in the municipal school system of São Carlos/SP. The qualitative research used, as instruments of information collection, questionnaire and semi-structured interview with Physical Education teachers who teach classes in the area of early childhood education in the public council in question. Questionnaires were sent to the 34 Municipal Early Childhood Education Centers that have a Physical Education teacher and 22 returned, covering 23 schools. Subsequently, five teachers participated in the semi-structured interview, deepening the theme of the study. The data were analyzed qualitatively, reaching the following categories: 1. Elements related to the teaching and learning process, in which we analyzed the contents, teaching strategies and evaluation processes used by teachers according to the students' age, and 2 Preparation of teachers for teaching, which present their vision in relation to their teaching, continued education, curriculum guidance, structural problems and positive aspects of their practices. Thus, we observed that the teaching of Physical Education in early childhood education in the city of São Carlos/SP is fragmented and uncertain. Although the teachers indicate the preparation for teaching, we perceive the lack of clarity in distinguishing and conceptualizing essential elements for this exercise. We highlight the relevance of studies that seek to map the teaching perspectives and awaken the need to create guiding documents and continuing education courses.
Avaliação do enriquecimento alimentar com itens naturais como ferramenta para conservação do mico-leão-preto (Leontopithecus chrysopygus (Mikan, 1823))
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-04-16) Santana, Beatriz Cabrera; Schlindwein, Marcelo Nivert; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9690898537150950; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6856379013323103
The black lion tamarin (Leontopithecus chrysopygus) is at the endangered of extinction and as a conservation strategy we have the ex situ management that aims to maintain a genetic and demographic bank of this species, seeking to reproduce these animals to reintroduce them into their natural environment when necessary and possible. Regarding foraging, the black lion tamarin consumes fruits, exudates, prey and flowers in the natural environment; capturing prey through manipulative foraging. However, the composition and the mode to provide their diet in captivity are different from what would be found in the natural habitat, and to don’t lost the foraging behavior it is necessary to make this aspect closer to the wildlife by food enrichment. Food enrichment decreases abnormal behaviors, stimulates new activities and the expression of the species' natural behavior that favors animal welfare. For this reason, the present study aimed to measure the influence of feeding enrichment on the foraging behavior of the black lion tamarin. To that end, 19 individuals were analyzed in two different environments and we made feeding enrichment by offering items from the natural diet of the species (jerivá fruits and tenebrio beetle) and from the captivity diet (fruits, vegetables and ration) in food enrichments, generating the total of 480 hours behavioral observation divided into 4 situations: without enrichment, with enrichment of the natural diet, with enrichment of the captive diet and with natural and captivity combined enrichment. Were observed 106 behaviors, grouped into 15 categories. In general, the enrichment with greater interaction was with captive items and as the important result it increased affiliation behavior compared to the situation of natural enrichment. Natural enrichment, on the other hand, increased feeding behaviors and decreased stopped behavior. The combination of enrichments with natural items and those of routine items decreased behaviors such as standing, locomotion and physiological categories. In addition, all situations had the interaction with enrichment and the ingestion of enrichment food increased significantly. Therefore, the results show that all the enrichments presented were important to stimulate natural behaviors and to improve the quality animals life, indicating a trend towards animal welfare.