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Estudo comparativo de métodos de estimação do modelo de resposta gradual para dados de burnout em enfermeiras
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-04-27) Maia, Juliana Marambaia; Novelli, Cibele Maria Russo; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1011098065426388; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1570536280390964
The graded response model is an Item Response Theory (IRT) model where items admit a polytomous response widely known in the literature. The motivation for this study comes from a data set which belongs to the RN4CAST project related to the burnout syndrome. This psychological syndrome has a multidimensional configuration of emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and personal accomplishment. The burnout measurements are obtained from the Maslach Burnout Inventory, a 22-item questionnaire to be answered on a 7-point Likert scale. Our proposal in this work is a study of the unidimensional and multiunidimensional graded response model, under the frequentist and Bayesian approaches, motivated by the data from the burnout syndrome, and for that, a simulation study is carried out to verify the behavior of empirical form of the model. Models are fitted with the marginal maximum likelihood and the Monte Carlo Markov chain via Gibbs sampler methods. The simulation study shows that, in general, the Monte Carlo Markov chain via Gibbs sampler method produces good results in the estimation of the item parameters and latent trait of the unidimensional gradual response model. The results of the multiunidimensional gradual response model study yield good results as the sample size and test size increase.
Envolvimento dos receptores centrais angiotensinérgicos e mineralocorticóides no aumento do apetite ao sódio induzido por privação hídrica em ratos com hipertensão renovascular
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-04-27) Lucera, Gabriela Maria; Colombari, Débora Simões de Almeida; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1684467594359403; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0879568466405071
Sodium appetite in normotensive rats submitted to water deprivation (WD) for 24 h followed by 2 h with access to water only (partial rehydration–PR) depends on the activation of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS). Two-kidney-1-clip (2K1C) rats show a hyperactivation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) and an increase in sodium intake induced by WD-PR. Therefore, the aim of the present study were: 1) to verify the participation of angiotensin II (ANG II) receptors in sodium intake induced by WD in 2K1C rats; 2) to verify the participation aldosterone (ALDO) receptors in sodium intake during WD in 2K1C rats, 3) to verify if there is a synergism between ANG II and ALDO in sodium intake during WD in 2K1C rats. For this end, we used Hotlzman male rats (initial weight 150-180 g) to induce renovascular hypertension and sham surgery. A guide cannula was implanted in the lateral ventricle (LV) in both groups after 6 weeks of renal surgery. To distinguish thirst and sodium appetite, 5 days after implant recovery, 2K1C and sham rats were submitted to WD-PR protocol with LV injections of vehicle (1% ethanol in saline, 2 μl) or saline (0.15 M NaCl), RU28318 (100 ng/2 μl) or losartan (66 ug/1 μl), and to verify synergism, administration of RU+losartan or vehicle+saline were perfomed 10 min apart in a group of rats. After 3 days the tests were counterbalanced in each group. The blockade of ANG II AT1 receptors reduced water intake during thirst test in sham and 2K1C rats, which as not observed during the blockade of ALDO mineralocorticoid receptors (MR). Simultaneous blockade of the two receptors reduced water intake in sham and 2K1C rats during the thirst test. The 0.3 M NaCl intake was partially reduced during the sodium appetite test with AT1 receptors blockade in 2K1C rats. A similar effect was observed with the blockade of MR receptor in 2K1C rats. Double receptor blockade completely blocked sodium appetite in 2K1C rats. These results show that the sodium appetite induce by WD in 2K1C rats is mediated by the activation of the AT1 and MR, possibly by a greater activation of the RAAS, and that ANG II and ALDO have a synergism to induce sodium appetite in 2K1C rats.
“Porque se sou eu, tenho que escrever o que eu penso. Posso senhor?”: falas de jovens privados de liberdade
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-04-27) Kastein Filho, André Luiz Martins; Cruz, Ana Cristina Juvenal da; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6736396213946663; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9559735991999838
The present study analyzed the experience knowledge shared by young people during a professional qualification course, with the premise of locating them in the center of the practices that are developed in a deprivation of liberty institution, a CASA Foundation unit, with the intention of to contribute to the social practices developed in these spaces, considering the proposals of social education as a means of transforming realities. For this, it was established as a research question: what knowledge do young people deprived of liberty teach and learn in the professional qualification program? Proposing to problematize the educational action that is developed between the different social actors through a perspective that has acquired visibility in the decolonial field, the excerpts that bring the speeches of the young people contribute to understand the impacts of the proposal of a training for entrepreneurship within capitalism engineered in the neoliberal prism. Adopting qualitative participatory research methods, the data were recorded and organized in field diaries, analyzed through dialogue with the bibliographic reference. Putting in check mechanisms that annul and stigmatize young people and their knowledge, and problematizing the boundary between the “world of work” and the “world of crime”, we reiterate the need to look for loopholes, whether in the political and social context, that in the current horizon, it is obscure, whether in the statements that both educators and students bring in the midst of so many socioeconomic conflicts and the very existence and configuration of youth incarceration policies.