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Diagnóstico de Influência Local para a obtenção de dados mascarados influentes em modelos de regressão com erros nas variáveis e propriedades assintóticas do modelo de calibração ultraestrutural
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-05-08) Bustamante, Juan Pablo Mamani; Aoki, Reiko; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0621850261580868; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9245409946336145
Proficiency testing determines the performance of individual laboratories with respect to specific measurement tests and it is used to monitor the reliability of laboratory measurements. Considering a multivariate measurement error model with replicates, the ultrastructural calibration model with replicates, we will develop the asymptotic properties associated with this model in order to test the equivalence between the measurements obtained by different laboratories in proficiency testing. After adjusting a model, the diagnostic analysis is an important step in the analysis of a data set. Cook (1986) introduced a general methodology to assess the local influence of minor perturbations in the statistical model, using different types of perturbations. As a complement to the techniques for detecting discrepant observations, it is proposed the forward search by Atkinson and Riani (2000), which is a methodology to detect atypical masked observations. We propose a methodology based on the local influence of Cook (1986) and Poon and Poon (1999) with the forward search of Atkinson and Riani (2000) considering the measurement error regression models to obtain masked influential observations.
Evolução dos serviços ecossistêmicos em diferentes estágios de regeneração natural
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-05-08) Pereira, Luara Castilho; Tonello, Kelly Cristina; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3844965971290638; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3989356782087982
Forests are important for several ecosystem services that bring benefits to man, mainly support services, such as nutrient cycling, climate mitigation, erosion control, water resource recharge, among others. Therefore, the importance of the sustainability of this resource for the perpetuation of species is remarkable. One of the most efficient techniques for restoring natural ecological conditions is natural regeneration. It is known that certain regions have difficulties in maintaining soil moisture to facilitate the process of gradual infiltration, however, forests have their own mechanisms to assist these conditions, such as the interception of water by the litter, to make the water gradually available to the soil. , soil moisture, compaction and density are also related to the process of passing water from the surface into the soil. This work sought to analyze the influence of natural regeneration on the environmental variables responsible for ecosystem support services. The project was installed in a RPPN in the Cerrado of São Paulo, with 3 fragments in different phases of natural regeneration (46 years, 13 years and 5 years), where over 12 months, monthly data of Net Precipitation (PE), Capacity of litter water retention (CRH), soil density (DS), soil moisture (US), mechanical resistance to soil penetration (RP), basic infiltration speed (VBI), hydraulic soil conductivity (K). CRH was inversely correlated with the net precipitation of the forest, the oldest area had the highest production and CRH of the amorphous material (in the most advanced stage of decomposition), despite not having the highest total CRH, it had the highest retention effective water content of litter. The older the regeneration, the larger the US and the lower the DS and the PR, showing that the regeneration promotes the improvement of the physical characteristics of the soil. Despite the VBI results being slightly below those found in the literature, this is not due to K, which presented values close to those in the literature, but rather due to soil water repellency, a characteristic present in the 3 fragments, so that the older the regeneration, the lower the repellency, showing that this characteristic present in semi-arid and sandy regions can be mitigated through natural regeneration. Finally, a correspondence analysis was carried out in order to explain the species distribution according to the environmental variables, with CRH and US being the most related to the species distribution. Thus, natural regeneration promotes improvement in environmental variables responsible for ecosystem support services.
Legislação em disputa: o caso da lei paulista de combate à discriminação por orientação sexual
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-05-08) Polato, Murilo Bernardino; Andrade, Thales Haddad Novaes de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5882842888759363; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1122074880316481
This dissertation aims to carry out a case study on the law 10.948/01 of the State of São Paulo, which presents itself as legislation that combats discriminatory acts committed to LGBT people. For this, the various constructions of mobilizations of this cause by the activists are analyzed, being these in the form of protests or by institutional means, seeking to relate their speeches and the forms of mobilization with the search for deputies who help them to project their demands in policies public. In addition, we analyze the context of the Legislative Assembly of the State of São Paulo and how was the presentation, discussion, and approval of this bill that in the future became this legislation. The work has as references the fields of citizenship, social movements, public and legislative policies. And, for its complete realization, semi-structured interviews combined with important documents to the case study were used as data collection forms.
Elaboração de farinhas e biscoitos com resíduos da agroindústria familiar da região de Araras
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-05-08) Gaspar, Phillipe Bulgakov; Verruma-Bernardi, Marta Regina; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3470912236544684; Borges, Maria Teresa Mendes Ribeiro; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1800048119205212; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3209929530616706
Studies indicate that food waste in Brazil reaches 26 million tons per year, being able to feed about 35 million people, with 60% of the urban waste generated being of food origin. Family agribusinesses produce minimally processed vegetables and fruits that generate large amounts of waste and can be reused; however, they are discarded. This work proposes the use of pumpkin, beet and carrot peels for the preparation of flour and cookies. Cookie formulations were prepared with substitutions of 0, 10, 25 and 50% of wheat flour for peels flours. Flours and cookies were analyzed for their proximate composition by determining moisture, ash, lipids, proteins and carbohydrates (by difference), the cookies were also analyzed sensorially, samples were presented simultaneously, asking the taster order the samples in increasing order of intensity for each attribute. Beet cookies (B50) provide the highest ash content (3.8%), followed by carrot cookies (C25) with 2.4%, pumpkin (A50) with 2.3% and reference 0.9%. For protein, carrot cookies (C25) provide 13.7%, followed by beet biscuits (B50) with 10.5%, pumpkin (A25) with 9.2% and reference 8.8%. And for fibers, beet biscuits (B50) provide 12.6%, followed by carrot biscuits (C50) with 10.4%, pumpkin (A50) with 10% and reference with only 1.1%. It should be noted that the higher the percentage of substitution of wheat flour for shelled flour, the lower the percentage of carbohydrate found in cookies. The substitutions of wheat flour for flours from shells, alter attributes such as color, taste and texture. It is noticed that substitutions up to 25% do not alter the preference and purchase intention, differently from substitutions with 50%, this being perceived by the tasters, but not being the preferred substitution among those studied. Beet cookies (B50) provide a higher ash content, followed by carrot (C25), pumpkin (A50) and reference cookies. For protein, carrot cookies (C25) provide the highest content, followed by beet cookies (B50), pumpkin (A25) and reference. And for fibers, beet cookies (B50) provide the highest content followed by carrot (C50) and pumpkin (A50) cookies. The substitutions of wheat flour for flours from shells change attributes such as color, taste and texture. It is noticed that substitutions up to 25% do not alter the preference and purchase intention, differently from substitutions with 50%, this being perceived by the tasters, but not being the preferred substitution among those studied.
O sistema renina-angiotensina e a palatabilidade do sabor salgado em ratos com apetite ao sódio
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-05-08) Zenatti, Aline Aparecida; Luca Júnior, Laurival Antonio de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0339253755971890; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5698368688953617
The renin-angiotensin system (RAS) belongs to mechanisms that control the search and ingestion of hypertonic NaCl in rats with sodium apetite. Here we investigate whether the antagonism of RAS affects hedonic and aversive orofacial motor responses -parameters of palatability - to the intraoral infusion of 0.3 M NaCl (hNaCl). In addition, the literature suggests that sodium appetite is at least in part a consequence of reduced nociception to hypertonic NaCl. Therefore, we investigated whether captopril, a converting enzyme blocker, inhibits sodium appetite followed by alterations in orofacial responses to intraoral infusão to either 0.3 M NaCl or capsaicin, which activates nociception. Adult rats were depleted of sodium by combined injection of furosemide followed by 24 h removal of ambiente sodium. Losartan (intracerebroventricular, 200 g/l), AT1 angiotensin II receptor antagonist, produced a 50-fold increase in aversive orofacial motor responses to hNaCl, thereby reciprocating the relation of hedonic/aversive responses. Losartan also blocked hNaCl intake of the same animals during the sodium apetite test performed immediately after the orofacial recordings. Captopril (intraperitoneal, 30 mg/kg) inhibited by 80% the hedonic orofacial responses to hNaCl. Immediately thereafter, the animals had an alternate 180-minute access between home cage and recording cage in order to record respectively hNaCl intake and orofacial responses to hNaCl. Animals that received vehicle had reduced hedonic responses to hNaCl from 30 minutes to 180 minutes, matching the captopril group. Their aversive responses remained the same. Captopril had no effect on orofacial responses to capsaicin, but produced a 100-70% inhibition of hNaCl intake until 180 minutes. The results suggest that angiotensin II acts in the brain increasing the palatability of hypertonic sodium during the consummatory phase of sodium appetite.