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Reforma do Ensino Médio: o debate da audiência pública - região Sul
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-06-02) Zago, Mayara Amanda Pratta; Mancuso, Maria Inês Rauter; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3208435983286140; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7748982480463709
The object of this research is the public hearing on the third version of the National Common Curricular Base - a document whose objective is to guide the school curriculum of basic education - held in Florianópolis, in May 2018. Since 2015, public hearings to discuss this Base were being held in many regions of Brazil. The research objective is aimed at understanding the conflict settled between the positioning of the parts concerning the transformation in the Brazilian educational system, which was established in 2016. The whole year was marked by ruptures and changes, but one, the Reform in High School, among so many, became the subject of debates, protests, and occupations - especially because it was an act enacted by a Provisional Measure. The theoretical perspective used goes through Bourdieu to think about dispositions, disputes, and the role of the school institution, and also Thompson to think about social conflict. To achieve the research objective, it was necessary to transcribe the audience's video for reading and analysis of the participants' positions. There was also a historical retrospective of education in Brazil, and a historical retrospective of the creation of the institutions that participated in the audience. This path made it possible to relate provisions to the content of the debate and to identify aspects of the reform that can be compared to other events in the history of our country. Even though the establishment of the Base may mean the defeat of a significant part of the positions expressed in the debate, the verbalization of divergences, contradictions, and the experience of a democratic space thus constructed are indelibly integrated, through experience, to the construction of identity.
Estudo das tendências e desenvolvimentos tecnológicos do carro elétrico no Brasil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-06-02) Schiavi, Marcela Taiane; Hoffmann, Wanda Aparecida Machado; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7609135667093837; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5591696083420228
The present work has the purpose of conducting a survey of the studies on science and technology indicators of the automobile industry in relation to the electric car theme. It sought to analyze the monitoring of this market with Brazil as its central focus, however showing the market for this industry in other countries. For this, a typology was used in databases aimed at scientific articles, theses and dissertations and patents. Through the data of scientific indicators it was possible to analyze the current scenario, the trends, the future perspectives, key actors participating in the technological development process and to present the companies in their national and international scope. Some steps were necessary to carry out the entire process, namely: 1) a bibliographic survey where concepts and theories that involved this entire study are presented; 2) a survey of the patent database, where it was possible to analyze data on the development of the electric car in Brazil and other countries; 3) a survey of scientific articles and theses and dissertations that deal with the electric car and, consequently, analyze what has been studied on the subject, which countries publish more, among other analyzes and; 4) the last stage of this study focused on mapping the technological monitoring of the electric car in the country compared to other countries and analyzing the data obtained. The scenario of the automobile industry has been changing in recent years, giving less emphasis to the traditional combustion car and adopting the electric car as one of the options for sustainable mobility for society. In this research, a descriptive approach was used, since the study presents specific procedures for the elaboration and analysis of Science and Technology (S&T) indicators, structuring an overview of the trends and perspectives of the electric car in Brazil and in the world. Data collection was performed in the databases of the Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations on the Web of Science (WoS) and the Derwent Innovation Index (DII). From the results, it is emphasized that China is the largest producer of scientific publications in the world in relation to the electric car. Brazil, compared to other countries, has very few publications on the subject. As far as patent documents are concerned, we have only 2,115 registrations in the country so far, with Toyota holding the largest number, showing the need to reassess the country's concepts in relation to its priorities in this area.
A epistemologia de Ludwik Fleck aplicada á educação: a escola e seu papel na perspectivados atores do processo de ensino/aprendizagem
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-06-02) Oliveira, Everton Bezerra de; Silva, Antonio Fernando Gouvêa da; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9621931288117213; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7958553463104763; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7958553463104763
The present work is a synthesis of the analysis of bibliographic material, qualitative research and reflection in the light of the critical pedagogy of discourse and educational practice in two public schools of basic education in the city of Sorocaba, SP. It aims to present the important contributions of the Polish physician and philosopher Ludwik Fleck (1896: 2010) through the systematic application of some of the epistemological assumptions he structured in the work Genesis and Development of a Scientific Fact (1935) and inaugurating the Sociology of Science. It also seeks to contribute to the understanding of the contradictions of the school space that affect the routine of teaching work and, consequently, the teaching / learning process, having as a central reference the prepositives of Paulo Freire who in several works defends and presents Education as a social and collective character. The collection method and the analysis of the results are based on qualitative research, focusing on school culture seeking to verify the existence of collectives and styles of thought, the interaction of ideas between esoteric and exoteric circles and from this analysis understand the perception of teachers and students on the social role of the school in the pedagogical dimension. Therefore, it was concluded that the present work contributes to the personal development of the author in his speech, his professional and pedagogical practice, of the academic community by appropriating the ideas and concepts shared here, as well as of the entire school community (teaching students and others actors in the educational process).
Análise da predição da violência infantil por meio de árvores de decisão e regras de associação
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-06-02) Silva Osses, Aníbal Tomás; Fernandes, Ricardo Augusto Souza; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0880243208789454; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1307868061359003
According to the United Nations International Children's Emergency Fund (UNICEF), currently around 300 million children around the world suffer from various types of abuse, including: psychological, physical, sexual or negligence. Considering the severity of the problem, the analysis gets more difficult given elements such as: the existence of different definitions of violence used for different contexts, without patterns that ease the study; determine the type of abuse that's happening in each case, being more than one; victims reports and official abuse statistics not always have the expected quality; among others. It should even be noted that, while collecting data, the fact that most of the time the only people that are aware of the abuse situation are the children and their agressors, rendering the situation invisible and making the abuse's prevention a much more difficult task. The aim of this work is to generate and evaluate models based on machine learning techniques that can estimate in which cases a situation of child abuse is currently happening or it could happen, via models represented by rules easily understandable by humans. The scientific method utilized in this project is ex-post-facto based on two structured datasets, one supervised and the other unsupervised, both built by Chilean organizations and that possess numeric and categorical attributes. Feature selection techniques were applied in order to work with the most relevant elements, and then use the C4.5 and Apriori algorithms on each dataset respectively. The first one was evaluated with the areas under the receiver operating characteristic and precision-recall curves, and the second one with the lift, conviction and leverage metrics. About the results, for the classification technique were built models with performances close to 0.9 for each metric; and for the association rules, in all executions the sentences found have higher values than the thresholds that define the implication between their antecedents and consequents.