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Detecção automática da superfície sagital mediana em imagens de ressonância magnética do cérebro humano usando uma abordagem de filtragem multiescala
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-06-26)
Frascá, Fernando de Natali
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Ferrari, Ricardo José
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8460861175344306
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7486395425249420
Both hemispheres of the human brain, left and right, are separated by a fissure called interhemispheric (IHF), which is commonly shaped by a geometric plane, known as midsagittal plane (MSP). However, despite the name, the MSP is not always plane, once the brain is not perfectly symmetric. The detection of the MSP in human brain images is an essential task to segment the brain hemispheres. Studies suggest that abnormal values of asymmetrical brain may be related to traumas and neurological diseases. Through the years, various computer methods were proposed to detect MSP in an automated way, nonetheless the main methods that were found in literature focus on the detection of a plan, imposing such a geometric restriction on IHF. This work proposes a new automatic computational technique for the detection of a median sagittal surface (SSM) in magnetic resonance (MR) images for application in the analysis of asymmetries between cerebral hemispheres. The proposed method uses a MSP as guidance to the definition of an region of interest (ROI) that potentially contains an IHF. The RM 3D image is decomposed in 2D slices, which are processed, filtered and piled to form an MSS. Based on the results obtained, it appears that the proposed method enables a higher precision when getting the volumetric measures and therefore in the calculation of brain asymmetries. The MSS precision is evaluated comparing the left and right hemispheres segmented from the detected MSS, with the sketches handmade by two specialists.
Estimativa populacional e distribuição espacial de Callithrix aurita (É. Geoffroy, 1812) em uma área de proteção ambiental, Serra do Japi, Cabreúva-SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-06-26)
Gonçalves Junior, João Mendes
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Gestich, Carla Cristina
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8114562141705698
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Galetti Júnior, Pedro Manoel
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7398754661670478
Despite the devastation to which it was subjected, Atlantic Forest is still home to very high levels of biological diversity and endemism. From Callitrichidae family, the endangered buffy-tufted-ear marmoset (Callithrix aurita É. Geoffroy, 1812) is endemic to the Atlantic Forest of southeastern Brazil and is the least known. Its restricted distribution, the destruction of its habitat and competition with invasive species, have corroborated the population decline, increasing the risk of extinction of the species. In view of this scenario, this work aimed to collect data in situ to analyze the current situation of the groups of buffy-tufted-ear marmoset, evaluating their distribution, estimating density and population abundance in a remnant of seasonal semideciduous forest in Serra do Japi, in the municipality of Cabreúva-SP. We sampled four transects that totaled 17,6 linear km. In each transect, a division of consecutive points was established every 200 m, totaling 81 sample points, where the species' vocalization was reproduced with the use of playback. Once the presence of animals was detected, the location (GPS), the estimated distance from the observation point and the number of individuals in the group were recorded. Data collection was carried out using the monitoring method throughout the year, from June 2018 to June 2019, and data were twice a month collected. During the 13 months of monitoring 415,4 km were covered and 15 groups of buffy-tufted-ear marmoset were identified, among them, two presented hybrid individuals. It was calculated a density of 1,06 groups/km² (7,6 ind./km²) and an abundance of 4.6 groups/10 km. The groups were sampled in almost the entire length of the transects and the average number of individuals sighted was 7,2 ± 1,8 individuals/group (± SD; N = 191). These values when compared to the literature are relatively high, indicating this protection area is an important region for the conservation of the species. This is a pioneering work to present data of population estimates of buffy-tufted-ear marmoset inhabiting Serra do Japi. Despite the presence of groups in the area, future studies monitoring these populations are essential, since they are subject to several threats (loss and fragmentation of habitat, invasive species, etc.).
Análise do processo de transformação digital de uma empresa de manufatura localizada no Brasil: estudo de caso único
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-06-26)
Corrêa, Gustavo Felipe Mendes
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Zalla, Giovanna Dias
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Fiorini, Paula de Camargo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8321834215728086
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0336183816624058
The advancement of new digital technologies has driven organizations to adapt their strategies and businesses. In this scenario, the present study aimed to verify how a company located in Brazil has adapted its business to the process of digital transformation. To this end, a qualitative research approach was used, and a case study was conducted with a large manufacturing company. The data were collected through interviews, documents, and direct observation. The data analysis allowed to verify: (a) a clear need for transition and changes for industry 4.0 due to the market demand; (b) evidence of the implementation and adoption of technologies such as internet of things, cloud computing, artificial intelligence, and data mining; (c) practices and changes in the organizational environment resulting from digital transformation, such as the creation of new areas dedicated to digital transformation, stimulating innovation and open communication, holding workshops, events, training, collaboration with external partners and benchmarking; and (d), finally, the existence of barriers as financial, knowledge of technologies, support from leadership and organizational culture. At this point, it was found that the necessary change for digital transformation in companies goes far beyond technological issues or new work tools. The basis for transforming processes, actions, and operating mode is mainly in the mindset of employees and leadership. This work brings theoretical contributions, by approaching a topic that is still little explored in the Brazilian context and adding evidence to the literature, and managerial ones for providing insights and clarifying practices to managers.
Classificação hierárquica multirrótulo de funções de proteínas via predição de interações
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-06-26)
Santos, Bruna Zamith
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Vens, Celine
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Cerri, Ricardo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6266519868438512
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3805045333740740
Proteins are macro-molecules responsible for virtually every task necessary for the maintenance of cells, having a fundamental role in the behavior and regulation of organisms. Advances in the area of Molecular Biology have allowed an almost complete listing of the proteins that make up the organisms. However, there are a large number of proteins whose function is still unknown, opening space for a new research focus in Molecular Biology. Usually, protein function prediction is performed using homology-based Bioinformatic tools, comparing a sequence with a database with many sequences belonging to previously known functions. This is a limited strategy, since it ignores the sequences' biochemical properties, and also the hierarchical relationships that may exist between the different classes. In the literature, the use of Machine Learning for the protein function prediction has shown to be promising, obtaining significant advances regarding the use of homology and other methods. Making use of Machine Learning, it is possible to model the protein function prediction problem as a Hierarchical Multi-label Classification (HMC) problem, due to the fact that protein functions are hierarchically organized and that they can occur simultaneously. This project proposes modeling the protein function prediction task as a Hierarchical Multi-label Classification problem through interaction data. Interaction data are characterized by two sets of objects, each described by their own set of features, which makes it possible to predict the interactions between two instances. In particular, we adapt the "Predictive Bi-Clustering Tree" (PBCT) method to HMC tasks. Our experiments demonstrate that PBCT-HMC is competitive to the state-of-art competitor.
Um sistema de autenticação de produtos que emprega a criptografia visual
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-06-26)
Cicareli, Rodrigo dos Santos
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Pizolato Junior, José Carlos
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4338949783568483
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6433692402255988
In the commercial sphere, attempts at fraud and counterfeiting have caused several problems for manufacturers and the consumer market. In view of this scenario, in order to promote greater reliability and security in commercial transactions, several techniques are being used to verify the authenticity of physical products. Among them, the most used are QR Codes (Quick Response Code), holographic stamps and RFID (Radio Frequency Identification). In this work, a product authentication system that uses the visual encryption developed by Naor and Shamir is proposed. This system uses two computationally generated masks that when overlapped allow visual authentication without the need for any computational processing by the customer. With visual encryption, this authentication system was proposed by Cicareli in submitted work .
Superfícies de Weingarten no Espaço Hiperbólico
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-06-26)
Belli, Rafael da Silva
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Barreto, Alexandre Paiva
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3369766702725474
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8744882105868593
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8744882105868593
Desde o surgimento da definição de superfícies parametrizadas, foi questionado sobre suas propriedades que independem da parametrização. Propriedades essas que caracterizam objetivamente a geometria dessa família facilitando muito a sua compreensão. No século 19, com o aperfeiçoamento da geometria semi-Riemanniana feito por Bernhard Riemann e Carl Friedrich Gauss, foi introduzida na literatura a noção das curvaturas média (H), gaussiana (K) e principais (k₁,...,k_{n-1}) onde n-1 é a dimensão da superfície. Essas noções independem da parametrização e são fundamentais na caracterização de uma superfície. O objetivo desse trabalho é o estudo e a caracterização de superfícies de Weingarten em espaços não triviais como , por exemplo, o espaço hiperbólico H³ , o espaço lorentziano L³ e o hiperboloide I₃ contido no espaço de Lorentz-Minkowski L⁴. Definimos uma superfície de Weingarten (de dimensão 2) como uma superfície dotada de uma relação entre suas curvaturas principais k₁ e k₂ dada por W(k₁,k₂)=0. Notemos que essa família generaliza exemplos clássicos de superfícies já estudadas atualmente, como as superfícies mínimas, onde W(k₁,k₂)=k₁+k₂ . Esse trabalho terá um enfoque especial no caso em que W(k₁,k₂)=k₁²+k₂²+C, onde C é uma constante real. Que é um caso não linear, um pouco distante da literatura atual. O segundo capítulo introduz alguns pré-requisitos de geometria Semi-Riemanniana, que serão admitidos como verdade de modo a dar suporte para todos cálculos realizados nos capítulos seguintes. O terceiro capítulo será uma breve introdução ao caso mais natural possível, onde as superfícies serão imersas no espaço euclidiano R³. O capítulo quatro englobará quase toda a teoria do primeiro capítulo aplicada no espaço hiperbólico, com enfoque nas imersões isométricas de hipersuperfícies e exemplos. O quinto capítulo abrangerá a mesma teoria do primeiro capítulo, agora aplicada no espaço de Lorentz-Minkowiski. Já no sexto capítulo, falaremos de um subconjunto do L⁴ que se relaciona com o H³: O hiperboloide I₃, com muito enfoque, novamente, na teoria de imersões isométricas de hipersuperfícies. Nesse capítulo vamos relacionar os três modelos hiperbólicos de modo a facilitar determinado problema, que talvez possa ser complexo em um determinado modelo mas não em outro. Por fim, vamos estudar o problema de superfícies de Weingarten numa dimensão maior, tratando novamente de um caso bem natural: Superfícies dentro do ℝ⁴.
Uma proposta para a coexistência de múltiplas Arquiteturas de Internet do Futuro
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-06-26)
Gavazza, José Augusto Tagliassachi
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Verdi, Fábio Luciano
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9143186843657940
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7671374762207627
The current Internet architecture has been the same since the time of its creation and has undergone increments and modifications in its protocols to meet new demands that have been arising over time. As the resolution of all these issues is not easily solved with the addition of new functionalities or architectural modifications, proposals for the development of new Internet architectures started around the world. With several new Internet architectures being proposed, choosing a new Internet architecture to replace the current one becomes an extremely complex task. Thus, the emergence of a heterogeneous environment composed of multiple Internet architectures that allows the coexistence of new Future Internet Architectures, through the current network infrastructure, becomes a viable solution. Thereby, this work presents a proposal that enables the coexistence of multiple Internet Architectures on the current network infrastructure, in order to enable communication between entities of the same Internet architecture, enabling the emergence of the heterogeneous environment composed of multiple Internet architectures. To this end, this proposal defines the creation and joint operation of programmable switches implemented in P4 language, specific controllers for each Internet architecture supported by the proposal and a Control Protocol used to standardize the exchange of control messages, regardless of the architecture, thus enabling the exchange of traffic between entities of the same Future Internet Architectures, through the existing network infrastructure. To demonstrate this proposal, a proof of concept was implemented in a virtualized environment, where the Future Internet Architectures ETArch and NovaGenesis were chosen to be initially supported by the solution, as well as the IPv4 protocol. Finally, the proof of concept validation and tests related to the processing time of data and control packets were performed, where the independence of processing time was observed in relation to the size of a package of such an architecture as well as other performance information.
Avaliação de uma intervenção de hábitos de vida para trabalhadores da Atenção Básica: um estudo qualitativo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-06-26)
Coelho, Marilia
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Gramani-Say, Karina
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5096508613057074
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Gomes, Grace Angélica de Oliveira
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9231669265846900
INTRODUCTION: Primary care workers assume an important role in terms of the multiplication of health information, however the overload in their work environment makes disease prevention and health promotion programs that include them indispensable. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the perception of effectiveness and feasibility of a program to support lifestyle changes for health professionals in Primary Care. METHODS: This is a qualitative study carried out in the city of São Carlos, SP, part of a randomized clinical study carried out in the Basic Health Units (UBS) and Family Health Units (USF) in the municipality. The program consists of an intervention with six meetings of approximately 40 minutes, the first being a pre-assessment, the four consecutive meetings addressing themes that pertain to behavior change, such as: Tips and Benefits; Barriers; Relapses and Saboteurs' Thoughts, using different strategies in order to support the change in behavior of the workers involved, and the sixth meeting consisted of a post evaluation and qualitative interview. Twenty health professionals were interviewed, aged over 18 years, who reached 85% of frequency in the program offered. A semi-structured interview was conducted at the end of the program's participation, by trained interviewers, in which the individuals answered, according to their opinion, what their level of satisfaction with the program was, how effective it was, what their suggestions for improvement about it and about the knowledge acquired with the program. The interviews took place at his workplace and were recorded using the interviewer's smartphone recorder, with the interviewee's consent. The data were analyzed through content analysis by Bardin and Minayo, with categorization of the main domains identified in the participants' statements. RESULTS: From the workers 'reports, it was identified that the program is perceived as viable, of quality, effective and that it contributes to the improvement of the participants' lifestyle. CONCLUSION: The behavior change program was effective and feasible in the perception of primary care health professionals.
Consequências na vida da criança do disciplinamento dos corpos na creche
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-06-26)
Ikenaga, Letícia Setsuco
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Lombardi, Lucia Maria Salgado dos Santos
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5697508831302188
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3540676234086116
The object of the present research, the disciplining of the babies' bodies in the daycare center, emerged during the internship experiences in a classroom with two-year-old babies and also from the professional work as a professional in Early Childhood Education. In those contexts were observed disciplinary actions and strict control of bodies and movements of babies by educators. So the research question-problem was born: What are the consequences in the life of the young child of disciplining the bodies in the nursery? The work is divided into three chapters. The first is the Memorial, which gathers reflections on school life and field experiences at school that led to the study of the subject in question. The second chapter presents a methodology that configures a qualitative research, of bibliographic character complemented by the analysis of some field experiences. The third chapter presents the theoretical framework and reflections on school routine situations that were marked by discipline, control of babies' bodies. The results point to losses for children in relation to their integral development as a consequence of the exacerbation of the schooling of young children, with impositions of rigid postures for their bodies and prohibition of playing, the most important activity in this age group, through which she learns and develops.
Obtenção de fibras de poli (ácido lático): cerâmica para aplicação em sistemas de liberação prolongada da cloxacilina
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-06-28)
Sá, Mayara Coelho
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Paris, Elaine Cristina
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8475640212486290
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1599633391664436
The excessive consumption of these drugs can cause the development of superbugs capable of resisting treatments in humans, in addition to environmental consequences. Among the alternatives used, fibers obtained by electrospinning stand out as a simple and low cost strategy, increasing the bioavailability of an active principle at an infected site, for example, reaching therapeutic levels with a single dose. Thus, the objective of this work was to obtain fiber polylactic acid: starch: clay for controlled / prolonged drug release. The fibers were produced using electrospinning technique in which four different systems were developed: polylactic acid; polylactic acid and starch; polylactic, starch and laponite; polylactic acid, starch and montmorillonite. However, for each system developed, benzathine and sodium cloxacillin were tested. Bactericidal tests were carried out with all samples against the bacteria S. aureus and E. coli. In addition, mechanical analysis of the developed systems was carried out. The release tests were carried out in buffered pH 7 solutions and the drugs were quantified with the aid of an ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer. The results indicated that the fibers of the polylactic acid starch and montmorillonite system showed higher values of tension and deformation, approximately 4 times, when compared to the polylactic acid fibers. In the release tests, controlled/prolonged release profiles were observed, by adding clays, laponite and montmorillonite, which were adjusted by the Korsmeyer-Peppas model. In the other systems, burst release profiles were observed. Microbiological tests for these systems, using benzathine and sodium cloxacillin, have shown bactericidal activity against the bacterium S. aureus. Therefore, systems that contain clays are promising for application involving the release of cloxacillins, especially those that require dosage, whose concentration remains for a long time in the therapeutic range of this medication
Sobre o brincar e os jogos teatrais no ensino fundamental: movimentos de dentro e de fora
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-06-29)
Souza, Fernanda Antunes de
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Lombardi, Lucia Maria Salgado dos Santos
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5697508831302188
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0921774773977565
The object of this work was born from my experiences as an educator in the early years of elementary school in a private school in the city of Sorocaba / SP. Such experiences provoked a rescue of my memories as a player in theatrical experiences and impelled me to look for other languages to be worked in the school context. Therefore, this work represents my journey as a researcher of my own practice. The research aimed to inquire about the place of movement, play and theater games in Elementary School, observing the spaces / times granted to them and the possibilities of teaching performance through them. It is constituted as a qualitative research, of bibliographic character with field study. The main author studied is Viola Spolin (1987), creator of the theater games methodology. As a way of enriching the reflections, the work is also built based on Karine Ramaldi (2015; 2017), Robson Camargo (2017), Lucia Lombardi (2010; 2011), Joaquim Gama (2010), Alessandra Ancona de Faria (2002, 2010). On playing in childhood, the work is based on research by Tizuko Morchida Kishimoto, Gilles Brougère and Marcos Garcia Neira who study playing as a children's play culture. The work is divided into four chapters. The first chapter presents my memorial as a reflection on the paths that led me to the object of research. The second chapter presents the methodological procedures used, including the bibliographic survey. Chapter III, entitled “Theoretical framework”, presents the references that support the work and the reflection, the crossing of studies carried out on the subject and the definitions of concepts. Chapter IV deals with the analysis of experiences, experiences and reflections during my period as a teacher in elementary school that motivated the work, reflecting supported by the authors and by the questions that each of them generated in me. The results reveal that school spaces focused on art need to be occupied in order for movements and recreations to happen from within - from each player - and from outside - in every school environment.
Refill friction stir spot welding of AA6016-T4 aluminum alloy: study of new load-controlled process
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-06-29)
Ponsoni, Jéssica Bruna
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Zepon, Guilherme
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7924187202036614
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Alcântara, Nelson Guedes de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3123107570992184
Aiming at structural weight reduction and energy efficiency, aluminum alloys have been considered as potential materials for automobile manufacturing. The development of technologies able to join aluminum alloys more effectively contributes to increasing their application in this transport industry sector. AlMgSi alloys have a highlight in selecting light materials for vehicle assembly due to its properties such as low density, high strength-to-weight ratio, and good corrosion resistance. Refill friction stir spot welding (Refill FSSW) is a solid-state joining technology suitable for joining lightweight materials. This process consists of a few steps performed within seconds, with low energy consumption, and without consumables addition. Thus, it is being considered as the most promising technology to replace traditional joining techniques as resistance spot welding (RSW) and self-piercing riveting (SPR) processes. This work presents the innovative Refill FSSW robotic process controlled by load. This new process was used to produce welds of AA6016-T4 sheets. Results obtained through the conventional position-controlled Refill FSSW process was used for comparing and validating the effectiveness of the new welding control system. Process parameters optimization was carried out in order to obtain a process condition that maximizes the mechanical performance (lap shear strength) of the joint performed using the load-controlled Refill FSSW. Statistical methods, such as Box-Behnken design, were applied to optimize the process parameters. Microstructure analyses were performed to characterize the features of the joint. Hardness and thermal characterization helped to understand different weld regions, the mechanical properties, and the fracture behavior of the welds. Furthermore, the dynamic mechanical property was analyzed by fatigue tests for the condition of the highest lap shear strength and the L-N curve was drawn. The results indicated a satisfactory static and dynamic performance of the welds. Finally, failure mechanisms of static and dynamic tests seemed to be strongly related to microstructural regions.
Aspectos estruturais e funcionais da comunidade de peixes demersais da Baía de Santos - SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-06-29)
Rotundo, Matheus Marcos
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Petrere Junior, Miguel
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9377772041367252
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0635247128965679
We assessed the structural and functional aspects of the Santos Bay demersal fish community through four sampling campaigns distributed quarterly between April and December 2017. In each campaign, six 30-minute bottom trawls were carried out at six predefined points equidistant at approximately 2km. We recorded the following data: salinity, conductivity, temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen and surface and bottom turbidity and as depth. Sediment samples were collected. The rainfall data for the previous four days and the day of the collection date were also recorded. We identified, measured,weighed and sexed each specimen visually annotating its degree of gonadal maturation. Data were evaluated in terms of numerical abundance and weight for the trophic and occupation guilds, Shannon index and its four weighted heuristic adaptations with two different functions (trophic and occupation) and one combining the previous two. The data analysis consisted of ANOVAs, having as factors the sampling points, bathymetric bands and both sides of the bay. Principal component analysis was also performed with abiotic data and canonical correspondence analysis with biotic and abiotic data. The ichthyofauna in the Santos Bay has a homogeneous composition, but differentiated from other sectors of the estuarine complex. Its richness is comparatively high, showing only seasonal variations. The ichthyofauna is composed of juveniles of species of economic and ecological importance. It presented high dominance both numerical and in weight, a large number of carnivorous, but with greater representation of numerical abundance and in weight of omnivores. The trophic guilds showed seasonal variations and segregation of body size by depth. Most species tolerate high salinity values, with patterns of spatial segregation by depth and seasonal by body size. The Shannon diversity index and its weighted heuristic versions showed only seasonal variations, related to the characteristics of the abiotic profiles of each climatic season. Weighted heuristic indices detected more significant differences between functional guilds. Thus, they resulted in a satisfactory statistical analysis for the interpretation of space-seasonal variations in functional diversity. The use of abundance data by weight showed to be more suitable for ecological interpretations, when compared to numerical abundance. Much of the behavior of the abiotic parameters is explained by its high synergy, as well as by the internal circulation, supply of rainwater drainage and the intrusion of adjacent marine waters. The structuring of the community is directly related to the seasonal variations of the abiotic parameters, where the hydrological cycle was the main responsible for the observed changes. Trophic guilds play an important role in structuring the community. Spatial variations by depth are responsible for the stratification of different variables. The ANOVAs referring to the locations, did not show significant differences for any of the dependent variables considered. Thus, management actions for the conservation of ichthyofauna in Santos Bay are necessary, due to fishing pressure and anthropological impacts.
Principais desafios para a mulher artista do graffiti
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-06-30)
Siqueira, Deisy Daniela Santos
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Lombardi, Lucia Maria Salgado dos Santos
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5697508831302188
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0665406867393582
The present work arose from the need to understand the challenges faced by graffiti artist who is a woman. Understanding graffiti as one of the four elements that configure Hip-Hop and a field of artistic performance and intervention mostly occupied by men, exploring graffiti from the female point of view became a relevant subject both personally and essential for the field of Art, so that women can be given visibility. This work was divided into three chapters, that are the “memorial”, in which I report on the experiences that took me to the graffiti world until the moment of this research; the “methodology”, excerpt in which I present the different paths I carried out in this research and the chapter which was constituted by the theoretical framework. The research investigated concepts about the art of graffiti, the history of female graffiti, the world-renowned women graffiti artists and national ones, the challenges of the female artist, and the importance of graffiti in feminist militancy. The research results indicate that a deeper understanding of the history female graffiti legitimizes and registers the presence and resistance of women artists in the social scene and in the public space, as well as stimulating the debate on the women’s role in contemporary society.
Avaliação da política de inclusão escolar em um município na perspectiva de professores
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-06-30)
Santos, Vivian
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Mendes, Enicéia Gonçalves
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3897627554738983
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2658245807750269
This study is part of a bigger multimethod project that had the objective of analyzing the school inclusion policy within a city from São Paulo State (Brazil) using the Policy Cycle Approach (PCA). This research focused specifically in the teacher’s perspectives. In order to do so, three studies were elaborated. The first one focused on the context of international and local influence, realizing an integrative literature review and individual interviews with former staff members of the local education department. The second study investigated the context of text production, analyzing official documents within national (94 texts) and local (26 texts) levels. The third study analyzed the context of practice with 53 teachers from regular classrooms and 8 specialized teachers through: 1) individual and structured interviews, and 2) focus groups. Data about the context of influence highlighted how multilateral agencies influence policy guidelines about special education in Brazil by means of conferences and declarations. The local context analysis showed that the city policies followed the national movement adhering the national policy with strong presence of the third sector specialized institutions. In the context of text production analysis within the national sphere, four historic periods stood out: a) 2003-2006: starting the speech about schooling of students with special needs; b) 2007-2010: radicalism and confrontation tone which was softened along the period; c) 2011-2016: confrontation between the philanthropic institutions movement and the private education sector; and, d) 2016-2019: polarization between reviewing or not reviewing the national policy of special education in Brazil. The context of text production in the local scope showed three important groups of documents that aimed: a) To regulate the Special Educational Service within regular schools; b) To regulate the cooperation financial agreement with the private specialized institutions; c) To elaborate the Municipality Plan of Education and its monitoring reports. The data showed that the city studied firstly adhered to the national policy, but over the years there, translations and interpretations of their own started being used. The context of practice, analyzed through contextual dimensions with its own indicators, evidenced as the main challenges: demand for teacher training within special education field and lack of workload to collaborative planning between regular teachers and special education teachers. This reality resulted in difficulties within educational practices and the learning evaluations of students with special needs. The indicators about self-evaluation, degree of knowledge and training needs highlighted problems associated with understanding the special education policy and practice with students with special needs. Special Education teachers tended to give better evaluation to the policy when compared with regular teachers, this result can be explained by their qualification being mostly for the topic and, mainly, by the differences in their work conditions and the lack of support to the regular classrooms. Suggestions that the evaluation of the special education policy can yield better indicators stem from the elaboration of programs for continuing education, changes within the systematic support of the special education teacher with emphasis in the support directed to regular classroom teachers, and material investment to improve learning spaces for students with special needs. It is expected that this study adds to the enhancement of research tools and methodologies to evaluate the Brazilian school inclusion policy and to improve studies about educational policies in Brazil.
Desempenho sensorial e motor em crianças e jovens com paralisia cerebral: inter-relações e perspectivas para a intervenção fisioterapêutica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-06-30)
Santana, Camila Araújo Santos
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Tudella, Eloisa
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3207258034860219
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Campos, Ana Carolina de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5292093208120940
Cerebral palsy (CP) is mainly characterized by disorders of movement and posture. However, somatosensory deficits are often reported and known to be involved in limitations related to motor performance. The somatosensory system includes peripheral receptors and neural pathways related to touch and body position, being central to motor control. However, the relations between sensory and motor components are not well known, as it is not clear if these relations may mediate the effects of interventions in individuals with CP. Thus, we conducted the study 1, which is a literature review that aims to verify the state of the evidence concerning the interrelationships between somatosensory and motor components in individuals with cerebral palsy. The results have shown the direct relationships between sensory and motor aspects in this population, however, there are literature gaps and variability in results reported. Moreover, the low methodological rigor of the included studies limits the understanding of interactions between these components and clinical implications. being necessary that further studies be conducted. Based on the findings regarding the influence of the sensory system on the motor performance, and since most studies addressing this topic are focused on the upper limbs, study 2 was conducted. Study 2 is about the development and evaluation of the viability and effects of a short-term sensorimotor training with predominantly sensory focus directed at the lower limbs of children and adolescents with cerebral palsy. This exploratory study had a randomized controlled design, where 8 participants were allocated to receive the sensorimotor training developed for this study, and 8 received a conventional, predominantly motor training; both protocols were applied for 3 consecutive days, with total duration of 180 minutes. The results of this study show that the developed training protocol was feasible and well-accepted in practice, but was not superior to the control protocol. However, we found significant relationships between tactile discrimination and proprioception of the lower limbs with motor components (postural stability and gait) and tendencies were observed showing that sensory and motor aspects might be influenced by a sensorimotor training protocol. The results of this study can serve as the basis for the expansion and development of sensorimotor protocols directed to the lower limbs in individuals with cerebral palsy.
Dieta e dispersão de sementes por lycalopex vetulus (LUND, 1842) em áreas de cerrado stricto sensu do município de Chapada Dos Guimarães, Mato Grosso, Brasil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-06-30)
Cisneiro, Aimée Cruz
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Dalponte, Julio Cesar
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1418576881609219
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Rocha, Vlamir José
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8044368595391973
With an endemic distribution of the Cerrado, the hoary fox (Lycalopex vetulus) is a small canid considered vulnerable to extinction by the last Brazilian list of threatened mammals. Their diet is based on the consumption of insects and a considerable portion of fruits and small vertebrates, which indicates that the hoary fox can act as a seed disperser in this biome. Through the active search and field collection of fecal samples of L. vetulus, these samples were selected and analyzed, enabling the identification of the food items consumed, besides their frequency of occurrence and biomass. Invertebrates (66%) and wild fruits (65%) composed most of the diet, and small vertebrates (24%) were uncommon. A high frequency of termites (Isoptera; present in 60% of the feces) showed that this item represents great importance in the species' diet. For dispersion analyzes, were performed germination and viability tests on the seeds found in the feces, which pointed out that most of the tested species have a viability rate greater than 50%, while only five species germinated. The diet of the hoary fox was similar in composition to a study carried out in the same area 20 years ago. Moreover, L. vetulus could be considered a potential seed disperser since most of the plant species propagules found in their feces proved to be viable even after passing through their digestive tract.
Métodos de solução para o problema de dimensionamento e sequenciamento de lotes com limpezas temporais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-06-30)
Garcia, Juan Sebastian Pineros
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Martins, Alyne Toscano
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8799344239653549
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Ferreira, Deisemara
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0245267028273903
This paper presents the lot sizing and scheduling problem found in the production of fruit drinks. This is a two-stage production with some particularities: presence of a lung tank in the second stage and the need for mandatory cleanings at each predetermined time of continuous production of the same item. According to Associação Brasileira das Indústrias de Refrigerantes e de Bebidas Não Alcoólicas, the consumption of ready-to-drink fruit drinks is at its peak when compared to the consumption of soft drinks. From 2010 to 2017, the production of fruit drinks shows an increase of 48%, while the production of soft drinks market shows a decrease of 25%. In addition, on average, companies spend around 20% of the day cleaning line equipment. As far as the literature review is concerned, this problem with these characteristics is relatively new, difficult to solve for large real instances and has wide applicability. Based on a mathematical model found in the literature for the problem, analytical methods such as decomposition heuristic and hybrid meta-heuristic are proposed, in order to support decision making in a more efficient way in the planning and lot sizing seeking to minimize the costs associated with production. Computational tests were performed with instances found in the literature, based on real data, and with generated instances. These new instances were generated with the objective of having scenarios more adjusted to reality. Taking into consideration that a more in-depth investigation of the instances found in the literature will show, for the most part, excessive capacities and unbalanced costs. Decomposition and improvement heuristics (Fix-and-optimize) and Simulated Annealing heuristics were tested. The results found were compared with the best method found in the literature for the studied problem. Decomposition and improvement heuristics find better performances in instances with medium or low dimensions, however, for the larger dimensions the heuristic of the literature presents better computational performance.
Planejamento estratégico: estudo de caso em uma pequena empresa de serviços elétricos industriais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-06-30)
Ferreira, Josué
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Souza, Leandro Marcel
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Cunha-Nardy, Neila Conceição
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6586808642504798
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4833508614359166
Strategic planning is widely approached by educational and business support institutions, however, its implementation is generally observed in large corporations, intermediated by consultants specializing in the subject. Due to the challenging demands of everyday life it is unusual to have expectations or anticipations about business in small companies because everything is so spontaneous. The strategy is not always defined, and it develops according to the initial intention of the CEO, without due assessment. Thus, strategic planning often ends up being utopian. Given the scarcity of time, insufficient training for management, financial limitations, these small companies end up surviving, “putting out fires”. The aims of this undergraduate thesis is to develop an organizational diagnosis in the company Test Service, specialized in industrial electrical services. The methodological procedure for carrying out the diagnosis was based on Oliveira (2015), whose steps are strategic diagnosis, company mission, prescriptive and quantitative instruments, control and evaluation. The data collection instruments were interview and questionnaire, which resulted in SWOT matrices. Though theses matrices, it was possible to identify situations that must be maintained and reinforced by the company, while others must be developed and implemented.
Comunicação química em quelônios dulcícolas: reconhecimento específico e possíveis impactos de uma espécie invasora
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-06-30)
Silva, Roberta Mariáh Teodósio
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São Pedro, Vinícius de Avelar
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7404103190291423
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6324170745164936
Although chemical communication is widely used by turtles for various social and sexual behaviors, few studies address freshwater turtles. Chemical communication between different species of turtles is also an area to be explored. The introduction of exotic species is a major threat to turtles; however, the impact of chemical cues from invasive species on native Brazilian species is still unknown. We hypothesized that the focal native species were able to recognize the chemical cues of their own species and of the invasive species and that the presence of the exotic chemical cue would affect the use of space by the native species. For this purpose, the influence of chemical cues from the invasive exotic species (Trachemys scripta elegans) on the choice of aquatic environments and thermoregulation sites by species of native freshwater turtles was tested experimentally. A first experiment investigated the influence of the chemical cues of the invasive species on the choice of aquatic environments by the black-bellied slider (Trachemys dorbigni). The animals were individually subjected to binary choice tests in which they could choose between two water samples with treatments varying between clean water, water with chemical cues of conspecifics and water with chemical cues of the invasive species. In the second experiment, it was investigated the effect of chemical cues on the choice of thermoregulation sites by the giant South American river turtle (Podocnemis expansa) and yellow-spotted Amazon River turtle (Podocnemis unifilis). In an open enclosure containing the native animals, wooden structures were available with three treatments (with chemical cues of the subject species, with chemical cues of the invasive species or with no chemical cues) and the use of the structures by the subject animals was observed. The tested black-bellied sliders demonstrated to differentiate the chemical cues of their own species from the chemical cues of the invasive species, since when these two water samples were contrasted there was a significant preference of T. dorbigni females for water samples with chemical cues of conspecifics. However, when the water samples with chemical cues were contrasted with clean water, the animals did not prefer any sample. The species P. expansa and P. unifilis showed no differences in the frequency of use of the thermoregulation sites in relation to the treatments offered. Although it was not possible to establish a clear relationship between the presence of the chemical clue of the invasive species in the environment and the use of space by the tested native species, this study constitutes an important step in the study of the chemical ecology of freshwater turtles and its implications for conservation of native species in Brazil.